Tracking mechanism based on double-optical wedge differential motion rolling optical machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a tracking mechanism based on a double-optical-wedge differential rolling optical machine, which is matched with an imaging lens and a detector imaging assembly to realize scanning and tracking of an object space target. Comprising two optical wedge group rolling mechanisms, each optical wedge group rolling mechanism comprises two optical wedge lenses, each optical wedge group rolling mechanism realizes rolling driving and control by adopting motor driving, gear transmission and coded disc angle measurement modes, and the two motors are arranged in a staggered manner, so that the tracking mechanism is compact in structure, reasonable in spatial layout and high in reliability. And the aperture size has a larger proportion relative to the boundary dimension.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an optical-mechanical tracking mechanism based on double optical wedge differential rolling, belonging to the technical field of optical-mechanical tracking mechanisms. Background Art

[0002] The optical wedge is an optical component used to change the direction of the outgoing light in the infrared imaging optical system. By rotating the double optical wedge and controlling the relative angle of the two optical wedge groups, the position of the optical axis is changed to achieve rapid large-scale scanning of the object field and tracking of the target, such as Figure 7 Most of the existing double wedge mechanisms are designed and laid out in a way that the torque motor directly drives the lens barrel, which makes the volume of the mechanism larger while meeting the lens aperture, thereby reducing the adaptability of the mechanism to application scenarios. Summary of the invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is: to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a dual-wedge differential rolling optical machine tracking mechanism to realize the rolling motion of two groups of wedge lens groups in the dual-wedge optical system, so that the dual-wedge optical system has the ability to scan the object field of view and track the target.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is: a dual-optical wedge differential rolling optical mechanical tracking mechanism, comprising: a relatively nested first optical wedge group rolling mechanism and a second optical wedge group rolling mechanism, wherein:

[0005] The first optical wedge group rolling mechanism includes a first bearing group, a first motor, a first large gear, a first small gear, a first optical wedge lens, a second optical wedge lens and a first lens barrel;

[0006] The second optical wedge group rolling mechanism includes a second bearing group, a second motor, a second large gear, a second small gear, a third optical wedge lens, a fourth optical wedge lens and a second lens barrel;

[0007] The first optical wedge lens and the second optical wedge lens are vertically installed in sequence at one end of the first lens barrel, the first bearing group is located on the side of the first lens barrel away from the first optical wedge lens, and is aligned with the edge of the first lens barrel; the first large gear is sleeved on the side of the outer side of the first lens barrel close to the first optical wedge lens; the first motor is installed on the outer side of the first bearing group, the axial direction is parallel to the axial direction of the first lens barrel, and is located on one side of the vertical symmetry plane of the axial direction of the first lens barrel, and the motor head thereof faces the direction of the first optical wedge lens; the first small gear is connected to the motor head of the first motor, and can be meshed with the first large gear for transmission, so as to drive the first lens barrel to drive the first optical wedge lens and the second optical wedge lens to rotate;

[0008] The third optical wedge lens and the fourth optical wedge lens are vertically installed at one end inside the second lens barrel in sequence. The second bearing group is located on the periphery of the second lens barrel. The second large gear is fixed at one end of the outer side of the second lens barrel away from the third optical wedge lens. The axis of the second motor is parallel to the lens barrel and is located on the other side of the vertical symmetry plane of the axis of the second lens barrel, and the motor head of it faces away from the direction where the third optical wedge lens is located. The second small gear is connected to the motor head of the second motor and can mesh with the second large gear to drive the second lens barrel to drive the third optical wedge lens and the fourth optical wedge lens to rotate.

[0009] After the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism are relatively nested and assembled, the end face of the second lens barrel is sleeved into the first lens barrel from the end away from the first optical wedge lens. The first lens barrel and the second lens barrel form a combined lens barrel. The first optical wedge lens, the second optical wedge lens, the third optical wedge lens, and the fourth optical wedge lens are arranged in sequence at one end inside the combined lens barrel. At this time, the second bearing group is adjacent to the first bearing group, and the axis of the second motor and the axis of the first motor are symmetrically distributed with respect to the vertical symmetry plane of the axis of the combined lens barrel.

[0010] Preferably, each of the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism includes a mounting bracket, which are respectively located on the outer sides of the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel to provide support for the installation of the first motor and the second motor.

[0011] After the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism are assembled, the two mounting brackets can jointly form a tracking structure bracket.

[0012] Preferably, the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism further includes a first code disk installed on the mounting bracket for measuring the rotation angle and angular velocity of the first lens barrel.

[0013] The second optical wedge group rolling mechanism further includes a second code disk installed on the mounting bracket for measuring the rotation angle and angular velocity of the second lens barrel.

[0014] Preferably, both the first code disk and the second code disk adopt high-precision split code disks. The code disk includes a code disk reading head and a code disk wheel, and the measurement accuracy of the code disk is not less than 0.009°.

[0015] Preferably, the first bearing group and the second bearing group adopt thin-walled angular contact ball bearings.

[0016] Preferably, the gear transmission ratios of the first large gear and the first small gear, and the second large gear and the second small gear are 104:51.

[0017] Preferably, the ratio of the diameter of each optical wedge lens to the width of the dual-optical-wedge differential rolling optical machine tracking mechanism is defined as the aperture ratio, and the aperture ratio is greater than or equal to 62%.

[0018] Preferably, the lens barrel and the optical wedge lens form an optical system for receiving the object space conical field of view. The angle of the conical field of view is determined by the design value of the optical system. By differentially rolling the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel, the corresponding optical wedge lens group is driven to adjust the light rays at any position within the received conical field of view.

[0019] The present invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] (1) The present invention uses a gear drive to drive the lens to rotate. When the two lens barrels are sleeved, the two motors are placed out of alignment, making the mechanism layout compact.

[0021] (2) The lens aperture of the present invention has a high ratio to the mechanism size, improving the adaptability of the mechanism application scenario. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 is the functional schematic diagram of the opto-mechanical tracking mechanism for imaging, scanning and tracking of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 is the three-dimensional structure composition diagram of the opto-mechanical tracking mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 is the sectional view of the structure composition of the opto-mechanical tracking mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 is the structure composition diagram of the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 is the structure composition diagram of the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 is the comparison diagram of the aperture and external dimensions of the opto-mechanical tracking mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 is the schematic diagram of the double optical wedge optical system of the present invention.

[0029] REFERENCE SIGNS IN THE DRAWINGS:

[0030] 1 - First optical wedge group rolling mechanism, 11 - First lens, 12 - First bearing group, 13 - First motor, 15 - First large gear, 16 - First small gear, 17 - First optical wedge lens, 18 - Second optical wedge lens, 19 - First lens barrel, 141 - First code disk reading head, 142 - First code disk code wheel;

[0031] 2 - Second optical wedge group rolling mechanism, 21 - Second lens, 22 - Second bearing group, 23 - Second motor,, 25 - Second large gear, 26 - Second small gear, 27 - Third optical wedge lens, 28 - Fourth optical wedge lens, 29 - Second lens barrel, 241 - Second code disk reading head, 242 - Second code disk code wheel. Detailed implementation mode

[0032] A optical wedge is an optical component used to change the direction of the outgoing light in an infrared imaging optical system. As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 7 , by rotating the double optical wedge, controlling the relative angle of the two optical wedge lens groups, changing the position of the optical axis, and realizing the fast large-range scanning and tracking of the object field of view.

[0033] The present invention provides a dual-optical-wedge differential rolling opto-mechanical tracking mechanism, which is characterized in that it comprises a first optical wedge group rolling mechanism and a second optical wedge group rolling mechanism; specifically:

[0034] The first optical wedge group rolling mechanism 1 realizes the rolling motion of the first optical wedge lens group (the first lens), and its composition includes a first lens 11, a first bearing group 12, a first motor 13, a first code disk, a first large gear 15, and a first small gear 16;

[0035] The second optical wedge group rolling mechanism 2 realizes the rolling motion of the second optical wedge lens group (the second lens), and its composition includes a second lens 21, a second bearing group 22, a second motor 23, a second code disk, a second large gear 25, and a second small gear 26;

[0036] The first lens 11 is composed of a first optical wedge lens 17, a second optical wedge lens 18, and a first lens barrel 19; the first optical wedge lens 17 and the second optical wedge lens 18 are vertically installed at one end inside the first lens barrel 19 in sequence, wherein the end face of the first optical wedge lens 17 is flush with the end face of the first lens barrel 19 where it is located; the first optical wedge lens 17 and the second optical wedge lens 18 occupy half of the axial length of the first lens barrel, and the remaining half of the length space is for one end of the second lens to be sleeved in; the first bearing group 12 is located on the outer side of the first lens barrel 19 away from the first optical wedge lens 17 and is aligned with the edge of the first lens barrel 19; the first large gear 15 is fixed on the outer side of the lens barrel, on the side close to the first optical wedge lens 17 and adjacent to the first bearing group 12; the first motor 13 is installed on the outer side of the first bearing group 12, its axis is parallel to the lens barrel and is located on one side of the vertical symmetry plane of the lens barrel, its motor rotating head faces the direction where the first optical wedge lens 17 is located, the first small gear 16 is connected to the motor rotating head of the first motor 13 and is coplanar with the first large gear 15, so that the first small gear 16 can mesh with the first large gear 15 to drive the first lens barrel 19 to drive the first optical wedge lens 17 and the second optical wedge lens 18 to rotate;

[0037] The second lens 21, which consists of a third wedge lens 27, a fourth wedge lens 28 and a second lens barrel 29; the third wedge lens 27 and the fourth wedge lens 28 are vertically installed at one end inside the second lens barrel 29 in sequence, wherein the vertical end face of the third wedge lens 2 is flush with the end face of the second lens barrel where it is located; the second bearing group 22 is located outside the second lens barrel 29, and the second large gear 25 is fixed at one end of the second lens barrel 29 away from the third wedge lens 27; the motor shaft of the second motor 23 faces away from the direction where the third wedge lens 27 is located, its axis is parallel to the lens barrel, and it is located on the other side of the axial vertical symmetry plane of the second lens barrel 29; the second small gear 26 is connected to the motor shaft of the second motor 23 and can mesh with the second large gear 25 to drive the second lens barrel 29 to drive the third wedge lens 27 and the fourth wedge lens 28 to rotate;

[0038] After the first wedge group rolling mechanism 1 and the second wedge group rolling mechanism 2 are relatively nested and assembled, the end face of the second lens barrel 29 is sleeved into the first lens barrel from the end away from the first wedge lens 17. The first lens barrel 19 and the second lens barrel form a combined lens barrel, and the first wedge lens 17, the second wedge lens 18, the third wedge lens 27, and the fourth wedge lens 28 are arranged in sequence at one end of the combined lens barrel; at this time, the second bearing group 22 is adjacent to the first bearing group 12, and the axes of the second motor 23 and the first motor 13 are symmetrically distributed with respect to the axial vertical symmetry plane of the combined lens barrel.

[0039] The total axial length of the first lens barrel is the same as the axial length after the first wedge lens 17, the second wedge lens 18, the third wedge lens 27, and the fourth wedge lens 28 are vertically arranged;

[0040] Each of the first wedge group rolling mechanism 1 and the second wedge group rolling mechanism 2 includes a mounting bracket, which are respectively located outside the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel, providing support for the installation of the first motor and the second motor;

[0041] After the first wedge group rolling mechanism 1 and the second wedge group rolling mechanism 2 are assembled, the two mounting brackets can jointly form a tracking structure bracket.

[0042] The first wedge group rolling mechanism 1 further includes a first code disk 14 installed on the mounting bracket, which is used to measure the rotation angle and angular velocity of the first lens barrel 19;

[0043] The second wedge group rolling mechanism 2 further includes a second code disk 24 installed on the mounting bracket, which is used to measure the rotation angle and angular velocity of the second lens barrel 29.

[0044] The first code disk, which consists of a first code disk reading head 141 and a first code disk code wheel 142; the first code disk reading head 141 is installed on the mounting bracket, located at the front side of the first pinion 16 and opposite to the first code disk code wheel at the same time, measuring the rotation angle and angular velocity of the first code disk code wheel; the first code disk code wheel 142 is sleeved on the first lens barrel 19 and installed on the first large gear 15, and the first code disk code wheel rotates synchronously with the first large gear...;

[0045] The second code disk, which consists of a second code disk reading head 241 and a second code disk code wheel 242; the second code disk reading head 241 is installed on the mounting bracket, located at the rear side of the second pinion 26 and opposite to the second code disk code wheel at the same time, measuring the rotation angle and angular velocity of the second code disk code wheel; the second code disk code wheel 242 is sleeved on the second lens barrel 29 and installed on the second large gear 25, and the second code disk code wheel rotates synchronously with the second large gear.

[0046] The bearing set is composed of two thin-wall angular contact ball bearings with an inner diameter of 41 mm, an outer diameter of 51 mm, and a thickness of 4.8 mm, as Figure 4 、 Figure 5 shown. The two bearing sets are paired in a back-to-back form, and this bearing combination restricts the lens to perform a single-degree-of-freedom rolling rotation. The bearing set is small in volume and high in precision, making the mechanism design more compact and having a high space utilization rate.

[0047] Both mechanisms are driven by motors and adopt a form of a combination of large and small gears for first-stage transmission. The gear transmission ratio is 104:51. The small gear is installed on the motor, and the large gear is installed on the lens. The motors of the two mechanisms are placed in a staggered manner, making the layout compact and having a high space utilization rate, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown.

[0048] The code disk adopts a high-precision split code disk to measure the angle and angular velocity of the rolling lens. The precision requirement is: not less than 0.009°; it occupies a small space and has a high space utilization rate, ensuring the lens optical axis control and tracking quality.

[0049] The combination of the two optical wedge lenses in the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism 1 and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism 2 can both deflect the incident light. When the two rolling mechanisms perform differential rolling rotations (that is, when performing rolling rotations of a certain angle at the same time), the tracking mechanism of the present invention can receive the light incident at any position within the object-space conical field of view (the angle of the conical field of view is determined by the optical system design value), thereby realizing the scanning discovery and tracking of the target within the object-space field of view.

[0050] As Figure 6As shown, the width of the tracking mechanism is 59 mm, and the aperture of the optical system (diameter of the optical wedge lens) is 36.6 mm, making the tracking mechanism characterized by a large aperture ratio. The aperture ratio is 62%, enabling the mechanism to have a greater detection ability within a limited space.

[0051] The content not detailed in the description of the present invention belongs to the prior art well-known to those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A dual-optical wedge differential rolling optical tracking mechanism, characterized in that include: A first optical wedge group rolling mechanism (1) and a second optical wedge group rolling mechanism (2) are relatively nested, wherein: The first optical wedge group rolling mechanism (1) comprises a first bearing group (12), a first motor (13), a first large gear (15), a first small gear (16), a first optical wedge lens (17), a second optical wedge lens (18) and a first lens barrel (19); The second optical wedge group rolling mechanism (2) comprises a second bearing group (22), a second motor (23), a second large gear (25), a second small gear (26), a third optical wedge lens (27), a fourth optical wedge lens (28) and a second lens barrel (29); The first optical wedge lens (17) and the second optical wedge lens (18) are vertically mounted in sequence at one end of the first lens barrel; the first bearing group (12) is located outside the first lens barrel (19) on a side away from the first optical wedge lens (17) and aligned with the edge of the first lens barrel (19); the first large gear (15) is sleeved on a side of the first lens barrel (19) close to the first optical wedge lens (17); the first motor (13) is mounted outside the first bearing group (12), with an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of the first lens barrel (19), and is located on one side of the axial vertical symmetry plane of the first lens barrel, with its motor rotating head facing the direction of the first optical wedge lens (17); the first small gear (16) is connected to the motor rotating head of the first motor (13), and can be meshed with the first large gear (15) for transmission, so as to drive the first lens barrel (19) to drive the first optical wedge lens (17) and the second optical wedge lens (18) to rotate; The third optical wedge lens (27) and the fourth optical wedge lens (28) are vertically mounted in sequence at one end of the second lens barrel (29); the second bearing group (22) is located outside the second lens barrel (29); the second large gear (25) is fixed at one end of the outer side of the second lens barrel (29) away from the third optical wedge lens (27); the axial direction of the second motor (23) is parallel to the lens barrel and is located on the other side of the axial vertical symmetry plane of the second lens barrel (29), and the motor rotating head thereof faces away from the direction where the third optical wedge lens is located; the second small gear (26) is connected to the motor rotating head of the second motor and can be meshed with the second large gear (25) for transmission, so as to drive the second lens barrel (29) to drive the third optical wedge lens (27) and the fourth optical wedge lens (28) to rotate; After the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism (1) and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism (2) are relatively nested and assembled, the end surface of the second lens barrel is inserted from the end of the first lens barrel away from the first optical wedge lens (17), and the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel form a combined lens barrel, and the first optical wedge lens, the second optical wedge lens, the third optical wedge lens, and the fourth optical wedge lens are sequentially arranged at one end of the combined lens barrel; at this time, the second bearing group (22) is adjacent to the first bearing group (12), and the axial direction of the second motor (23) is symmetrically distributed with respect to the axial vertical symmetry plane of the first motor relative to the axial direction of the combined lens barrel.

2. According to claim 1, a dual-optical wedge differential rolling optical tracking mechanism is characterized in that: The first optical wedge group rolling mechanism (1) and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism (2) each comprise a mounting bracket, which is respectively located outside the first lens barrel and the second lens barrel, and provides support for the mounting of the first motor and the second motor; After the first optical wedge group rolling mechanism (1) and the second optical wedge group rolling mechanism (2) are assembled, the two mounting brackets can jointly form a tracking structure bracket.

3. The optical tracking mechanism based on double optical wedge differential rolling according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first optical wedge group rolling mechanism (1) also includes a first code disk mounted on a mounting bracket and used for measuring the rotation angle and angular velocity of the first lens barrel (19); The second optical wedge group rolling mechanism (2) also includes a second code disk mounted on the mounting bracket and used for measuring the rotation angle and angular velocity of the second lens barrel (29).

4. The optical tracking mechanism based on double optical wedge differential rolling according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first code disc and the second code disc both adopt high-precision split code discs, which include a code disc reading head and a code disc wheel. The measurement accuracy of the code disc is not less than 0.009°.

5. The optical tracking mechanism based on double optical wedge differential rolling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first bearing group (12) and the second bearing group (22) adopt thin-walled angular contact ball bearings.

6. The dual-optical wedge differential rolling optical tracking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear ratios of the first large gear (15) and the first small gear (16), and the second large gear (25) and the second small gear (26) are 104:

51.

7. The optical tracking mechanism based on double optical wedge differential rolling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ratio of the diameter of each wedge lens to the width of the dual-wedge differential rolling optical machine tracking mechanism is defined as the aperture ratio, and the aperture ratio is greater than or equal to 62%.

8. The dual-optical wedge differential rolling optical tracking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lens barrel and the optical wedge lens form an optical system for receiving an object cone field of view. The angle of the cone field of view is determined by the design value of the optical system. The first lens barrel (19) and the second lens barrel (29) are rotated by differential rolling to drive the corresponding optical wedge lens group to adjust and receive light at any position in the cone field of view.

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