A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven ac voltage sub-voltage and a standard harmonic voltage source output method

Abstract

The application discloses a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse driving and a standard harmonic voltage source output method, wherein a main controller of the standard harmonic voltage source reads a power amplifier output voltage when a first switch is turned off, judges an interval into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, switches a linkage switch gear according to the interval into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and calculates an output voltage before compensation; when the first switch is turned on, a first digital multimeter and a second digital multimeter synchronously sample, and respectively collect a differential voltage signal and a fundamental wave signal; the main controller determines an amplitude error according to the collected differential voltage signal and the fundamental wave signal, compensates the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error, and obtains an output voltage after compensation; and a code is generated according to the output voltage after compensation and is sent to a JAWS quantum voltage generator, so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator outputs a corresponding standard harmonic voltage signal after decoding, thereby realizing high-precision voltage control and improving the accuracy of voltage output.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of voltage sources, and more particularly to a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage and a method for outputting the standard harmonic voltage source. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, existing harmonic voltage sources mainly rely on traditional technical solutions based on standard meter methods. This traditional approach uses a Fluke 6100 or NST3500 harmonic power standard as the core signal source, extends the output voltage to 500V through a resistor divider, and employs an HP3458A high-accuracy digital multimeter as the sampling device. An automated measurement system is built using an IEEE-488x interface. The system, controlled by a computer, samples the instantaneous value of the non-sinusoidal power frequency signal and calculates each harmonic component based on the DFT (Discrete Fourier Transform) algorithm. However, DFT suffers from problems such as spectral leakage and the picket fence effect, which affect the accuracy of harmonic measurements, causing deviations in the measured harmonic frequencies and making it difficult to accurately determine the true harmonic frequencies. This severely impacts the accurate assessment and analysis of harmonic conditions in power systems. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage and a method for outputting the standard harmonic voltage source. The standard harmonic voltage source can improve the output stability of the voltage source.

[0004] An embodiment of the present invention provides a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage, comprising: a wideband high-voltage power amplifier, a power frequency voltage proportional device, a main controller, a first switch, a linkage switch, a synchronous trigger clock, a first digital multimeter, a second digital multimeter, and a JAWS quantum voltage generator; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier includes several modal resistors with different resistance values; the power frequency voltage proportional device includes several voltage transformers with different amplification factors;

[0005] The main controller is used to read the power amplifier output voltage of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier when the first switch is open; determine the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the position of the linkage switch according to the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; calculate the output voltage before compensation based on the resistance value of the modular resistor connected to the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch, and the power amplifier output voltage; wherein, each position corresponds to a modular resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor;

[0006] The synchronous trigger clock is used to send trigger pulses to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter can sample synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse;

[0007] The first digital multimeter is used to acquire a differential pressure signal when the first switch receives the trigger pulse.

[0008] The second digital multimeter is used to acquire the fundamental signal when the first switch-closes and receives the trigger pulse;

[0009] The main controller is further configured to determine the amplitude error based on the fundamental signal and the differential pressure signal; compensate the output voltage before compensation based on the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage; generate an encoding based on the compensated output voltage and send the encoding to the JAWS quantum voltage generator;

[0010] The JAWS quantum voltage generator is used to output a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the encoding.

[0011] Furthermore, the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected to the input terminal of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier, the input terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected to the first terminal of the main controller, and the ground terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is grounded;

[0012] The input terminal of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected to the output terminal of the wideband high voltage power amplifier through the linkage switch and the first switch, and the output terminal of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter through the linkage switch.

[0013] The first terminal of the synchronous trigger clock is connected to the second terminal of the first digital multimeter, and the second terminal of the synchronous trigger clock is connected to the first terminal of the second digital multimeter.

[0014] The third terminal of the first digital multimeter is connected to the second terminal of the main controller, and the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter is connected to the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator.

[0015] The second terminal of the second digital multimeter is connected to the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter, the third terminal of the second digital multimeter is connected to the third terminal of the main controller, and the fourth terminal of the second digital multimeter is grounded.

[0016] Furthermore, the linkage switch includes a first single-pole three-throw switch; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier includes: an operational amplifier, a power operational amplifier, a first mode resistor, a second mode resistor, a third mode resistor, and a fourth mode resistor;

[0017] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is the input terminal of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the first modal resistor, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier.

[0018] The second end of the first modal resistor is connected to the first end of the second modal resistor, the first end of the third modal resistor, the first end of the fourth modal resistor, and the non-inverting input of the power operational amplifier, respectively.

[0019] The second end of the second modular resistor is connected to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the second end of the third modular resistor is connected to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the second end of the fourth modular resistor is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, and the common terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the output terminal of the power operational amplifier.

[0020] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier is the same as the output terminal of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier.

[0021] The inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier is grounded.

[0022] Furthermore, the linkage switch includes a second single-pole three-throw switch and a third single-pole three-throw switch; the power frequency voltage proportional device includes: a first voltage transformer, a second voltage transformer, and a third voltage transformer;

[0023] The input terminals of the power frequency voltage proportional device include a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and a third input terminal. The first input terminal is the input terminal of the first voltage transformer, the second input terminal is the input terminal of the second voltage transformer, and the third input terminal is the input terminal of the third voltage transformer.

[0024] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the first switch, and the common terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second terminal of the first switch.

[0025] The first throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first input terminal, the second throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second input terminal, and the third throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third input terminal;

[0026] The output terminals of the power frequency voltage proportional device include a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a third output terminal. The first output terminal is the output terminal of the first voltage transformer, the second output terminal is the output terminal of the second voltage transformer, and the third output terminal is the output terminal of the third voltage transformer.

[0027] The common terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter, the first throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first output terminal, the second throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second output terminal, and the third throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third output terminal.

[0028] The first grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded.

[0029] The first grounding terminal of the second voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded.

[0030] The first grounding terminal of the third voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded.

[0031] Furthermore, the linkage switch has three positions: a first position, a second position, and a third position.

[0032] When the position of the linkage switch is set to the first position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch.

[0033] When the position of the linkage switch is set to the second position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch.

[0034] When the position of the linkage switch is set to the third position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch.

[0035] Furthermore, the first modal resistor, the second modal resistor, the third modal resistor, and the fourth modal resistor are in the same insulating oil.

[0036] Furthermore, the main controller is connected to the JAWS quantum voltage generator via a control signal line.

[0037] Furthermore, the main controller is connected to the first digital multimeter via a GPIB interface; the main controller is also connected to the second digital multimeter via a GPIB interface.

[0038] An embodiment of the present invention also provides a method for outputting a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage, applicable to the standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage, comprising:

[0039] When the standard harmonic voltage source is energized, disconnect the first switch and read the power amplifier output voltage from the wideband high voltage power amplifier.

[0040] The system determines the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switches the position of the linkage switch according to this range. The wideband high-voltage power amplifier is connected to the power frequency voltage proportional device via the linkage switch and the first switch. The wideband high-voltage power amplifier includes several modular resistors with different resistance values. The power frequency voltage proportional device includes several voltage transformers with different amplification factors. Each position corresponds to a modular resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor.

[0041] The output voltage before compensation is calculated based on the resistance value of the modal resistor connected to the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch, and the output voltage of the power amplifier.

[0042] When the first switch is closed, the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental signal sampled by the second digital multimeter are obtained, and the amplitude error is determined based on the fundamental signal and the differential pressure signal.

[0043] Based on the amplitude error, the output voltage before compensation is compensated to obtain the output voltage after compensation;

[0044] An encoding is generated based on the compensated output voltage, and the encoding is sent to the JAWS quantum voltage generator so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator, after decoding the encoding, outputs a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage.

[0045] Furthermore, before acquiring the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental frequency signal sampled by the second digital multimeter, the process also includes:

[0046] A trigger pulse is sent to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter via a synchronous trigger clock, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter sample synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse; wherein the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter are connected via a synchronous trigger clock.

[0047] The following benefits can be obtained by implementing the present invention:

[0048] This invention provides a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage and a method for outputting the standard harmonic voltage source. The standard harmonic voltage source utilizes a wideband high-voltage power amplifier to amplify the signal output from a JAWS quantum voltage generator, obtaining a power output voltage. A linkage switch with different ranges is configured. The main controller adjusts the range of the linkage switch based on the voltage range of the power output voltage. This allows adjustment of both the amplification factor of the power frequency voltage proportional device connected to the linkage switch and the resistance of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier connected to the linkage switch, thereby achieving proportional transformation of the power output voltage and effectively regulating the amplitude of the power output voltage. For error measurement, a first and second digital multimeter are used to measure the voltage signal, and the measurement results are fed back to the main controller to accurately determine the amplitude error. During error compensation, the main controller writes the determined amplitude error into the JAWS quantum voltage generator for error compensation, thus calibrating the power output voltage. This calibration operation makes the calibrated power output voltage more accurate and stable, effectively improving the output performance of the standard harmonic voltage source and meeting the requirements of high-precision measurement and applications. Attached Figure Description

[0049] To more clearly illustrate the technical solution of this application, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0050] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage provided in a certain embodiment of this application;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a schematic flowchart of a standard harmonic voltage source output method based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage provided in a certain embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0052] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the technical solutions of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0053] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application pertains; the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the application; the terms “comprising” and “having”, and any variations thereof, in the specification, claims, and foregoing description of the drawings are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0054] In the description of the embodiments of this application, technical terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different objects and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number, specific order, or primary and secondary relationship of the indicated technical features. In the description of the embodiments of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly defined.

[0055] In this document, the term "embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment may be included in at least one embodiment of this application. The appearance of this phrase in various places throughout the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor is it a separate or alternative embodiment mutually exclusive with other embodiments. It will be explicitly and implicitly understood by those skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein can be combined with other embodiments.

[0056] In the description of the embodiments in this application, the term "and / or" is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this document generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0057] In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term "multiple" refers to two or more (including two), similarly, "multiple sets" refers to two or more (including two sets), and "multiple pieces" refers to two or more (including two pieces).

[0058] In the description of the embodiments of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, technical terms such as "installation," "connection," "joining," and "fixing" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the embodiments of this application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] See Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention, including: a wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1, a power frequency voltage proportional device 2, a main controller 3, a first switch 4, a linkage switch 5, a synchronous trigger clock 6, a first digital multimeter 7, a second digital multimeter 8, and a JAWS quantum voltage generator 9; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1 includes several modal resistors with different resistance values; the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 includes several voltage transformers with different amplification factors;

[0060] The main controller 3 is used to read the power amplifier output voltage of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1 when the first switch 4 is open; determine the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the position of the linkage switch 5 according to the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; calculate the output voltage before compensation according to the resistance value of the modular resistor connected to the linkage switch 5, the resistance value of the first switch 4, and the power amplifier output voltage; wherein, each position corresponds to a modular resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor.

[0061] The synchronous trigger clock 6 is used to send trigger pulses to the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8, so that the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 can sample synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse;

[0062] The first digital multimeter 7 is used to acquire a differential pressure signal when the first switch 4 is closed and the trigger pulse is received;

[0063] The second digital multimeter 8 is used to acquire the fundamental signal when the first switch 4 is closed and the trigger pulse is received;

[0064] The main controller 3 is further configured to determine the amplitude error based on the fundamental signal and the differential pressure signal; compensate the output voltage before compensation based on the amplitude error to obtain the compensated output voltage; generate an encoding based on the compensated output voltage and send the encoding to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9;

[0065] The JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is used to output a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the encoding.

[0066] Specifically, the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 consists of a Josephson array chip, microwave, cryogenic refrigerator, high-temperature crystal, pulse code generator, low-pass filter, etc., and is used to generate a precise harmonic signal source based on the Josephson quantum effect. Since the voltage value output by the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is only related to the fundamental physical constant, it has extremely high stability and accuracy. The JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 has wideband output capability: it can synthesize AC quantum voltages of various frequencies and amplitudes to generate harmonic signal sources that are close to ideal waveforms, with ultra-low noise and distortion. Compared with signal sources developed by traditional semiconductor devices, the amplitude of the signal synthesized by the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 can be traced back to the natural constant, and its output waveform has the advantages of ultra-low noise and ultra-low distortion. Its uncertainty in the range of 50kHz to 10kHz is better than 5ppm.

[0067] Specifically, the main controller 3 is used to complete the waveform fitting of the harmonic voltage, modulate the desired synthesized waveform into a series of digital codes, and send them to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9. At the same time, it can compensate the output of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 according to the calibration error of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2.

[0068] Specifically, the main controller 3 is used to control the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 to complete the error measurement of the feedback output of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 and the output of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9;

[0069] Specifically, the synchronous trigger clock 6 adopts an XL8061 multi-functional clock synchronization device, which can provide a second pulse synchronization signal for synchronous sampling of the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8, providing a clock signal at the same moment.

[0070] Specifically, the first switch 4 is a measurement control switch, which is only activated when the output is a single 50Hz signal. When the first switch 4 is deactivated, it is used to protect the power frequency voltage proportional device 2.

[0071] In a preferred embodiment, the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is connected to the input terminal of the wideband high voltage power amplifier 1, the input terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is connected to the first terminal of the main controller 3, and the ground terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is grounded.

[0072] The input terminal of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 is connected to the output terminal of the wideband high voltage power amplifier 1 through the linkage switch 5 and the first switch 4, and the output terminal of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter 7 through the linkage switch 5.

[0073] The first terminal of the synchronous trigger clock 6 is connected to the second terminal of the first digital multimeter 7, and the second terminal of the synchronous trigger clock 6 is connected to the first terminal of the second digital multimeter 8.

[0074] The third terminal of the first digital multimeter 7 is connected to the second terminal of the main controller 3, and the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter 7 is connected to the output terminal of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9.

[0075] The second terminal of the second digital multimeter 8 is connected to the fourth terminal of the first digital multimeter 7, the third terminal of the second digital multimeter 8 is connected to the third terminal of the main controller 3, and the fourth terminal of the second digital multimeter 8 is grounded.

[0076] In a preferred embodiment, the main controller 3 is connected to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 via a control signal line;

[0077] In a preferred embodiment, the main controller 3 is connected to the first digital multimeter 7 via a GPIB interface; the main controller 3 is also connected to the second digital multimeter 8 via a GPIB interface.

[0078] Specifically, both the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 are eight-and-a-half-digit high-precision digital multimeters, providing high-resolution digitization functions with 16 to 24-bit resolution and a bandwidth path of up to 12MHz, supporting high-speed data acquisition, and are used to sample the output of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1 through the power frequency voltage proportional device 2.

[0079] In a preferred embodiment, the linkage switch 5 includes a first single-pole three-throw switch K2a; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1 includes: an operational amplifier A1, a power operational amplifier A2, a first modal resistor R1, a second modal resistor R2a, a third modal resistor R2b, and a fourth modal resistor R2c.

[0080] The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is the input terminal of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1; the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the first terminal of the first modal resistor R1, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier A1 is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier A1.

[0081] The second end of the first modal resistor R1 is connected to the first end of the second modal resistor R2a, the first end of the third modal resistor R2b, the first end of the fourth modal resistor R2c, and the non-inverting input of the power operational amplifier A2, respectively.

[0082] The second terminal of the second modal resistor R2a is connected to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a, the second terminal of the third modal resistor R2b is connected to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a, the second terminal of the fourth modal resistor R2c is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a, and the common terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a is connected to the output terminal of the power operational amplifier A2.

[0083] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier A2 is the output terminal of the wideband high voltage power amplifier 1;

[0084] The inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier A2 is grounded;

[0085] Specifically, the operational amplifier A1 uses a MAX40110, which features rail-to-rail input and output as well as low noise characteristics. Due to the optimization of the input stage using an ultra-quiet charge pump, there is no input crossover distortion, and the distortion is only 0.00035%. Since the output load capability of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 is very weak, the operational amplifier A1 is used for potential tracking, and the error can reach the level of 1ppm. During calibration, the operational amplifier A1 is included in the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1, and the error can be calibrated together.

[0086] Specifically, the power operational amplifier A2 uses a PA99 APEX amplifier with a working power supply of ±1250V, which can directly drive a 500VAC high-voltage harmonic voltage signal. Since the maximum AC voltage output in this embodiment is ±500VAC, a working power supply of ±1000VDC is sufficient. It is powered by two 1000V DC power supplies of model D2105-1000-500, which can provide a maximum current output capability of 500mA. The PA99 APEX amplifier has an input noise of only 2uV and a gain-bandwidth product of up to 28MHz. The maximum gain in this embodiment is 500 times, so the bandwidth can reach 28MHz / 500 = 56kHz. The maximum harmonic output in this embodiment is 3kHz. Therefore, the bandwidth of the power operational amplifier A2 can meet the design requirements of this embodiment.

[0087] The power operational amplifier A2 switches different modal resistors according to different power amplifier output voltages via the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, and its transfer function is shown below:

[0088]

[0089] Wherein, R2 is the connected modal resistor; R1 is the first modal resistor R1; V vf V is the voltage input to the power operational amplifier A2; out The output voltage of the power amplifier;

[0090] When the connected modal resistor is the second modal resistor, R2 = R2a; when the connected modal resistor is the third modal resistor, R2 = R2b; when the connected modal resistor is the fourth modal resistor, R2 = R2c.

[0091] It should be noted that the gain of the power operational amplifier A2 is 117dB, which is approximately 707945 times. After negative feedback, its error is about 1.4ppm. Its stability and accuracy are mainly determined by the stability and accuracy of the first mode resistor R1, the second mode resistor R2a, the third mode resistor R2b, and the fourth mode resistor R2c.

[0092] In a preferred embodiment, the first modal resistor R1, the second modal resistor R2a, the third modal resistor R2b, and the fourth modal resistor R2c are in the same insulating oil;

[0093] As an illustration, the modal resistor uses a non-inductive design resistor inside, which has very good frequency characteristics. The voltage shielding ring made of shielding material on the outside is at the same potential as the internal resistor, eliminating the influence of the distributed capacitance of the internal resistor and achieving good spectrum characteristics for wide-band input.

[0094] Specifically, the resistance of the first modal resistor R1 is 1kΩ, the resistance of the second modal resistor R2a is 100kΩ, the resistance of the third modal resistor R2b is 200kΩ, and the resistance of the fourth modal resistor R2c is 500kΩ. The first modal resistor R1, the second modal resistor R2a, the third modal resistor R2b, and the fourth modal resistor R2c adopt the bridge principle and are in the same insulating oil to ensure that the resistors are in the same temperature environment. Their materials are exactly the same, which can ensure that the working ratio remains unchanged, thus designing a wide-band proportional unit. Since its amplitude accuracy cannot reach the 10ppm level, the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 is used to calibrate the accuracy of the modal resistors. As a result, the power operational amplifier A2 can achieve a stability of 5ppm and an accuracy of 100ppm.

[0095] In a preferred embodiment, the linkage switch 5 includes a second single-pole three-throw switch K2b and a third single-pole three-throw switch K2c; the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 includes a first voltage transformer T1, a second voltage transformer T2 and a third voltage transformer T3.

[0096] The input terminals of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 include a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and a third input terminal. The first input terminal is the input terminal of the first voltage transformer T1, the second input terminal is the input terminal of the second voltage transformer T2, and the third input terminal is the input terminal of the third voltage transformer T3.

[0097] The output terminal of the power operational amplifier A2 is connected to the first terminal of the first switch 4, and the common terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the second terminal of the first switch 4.

[0098] The first throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the first input terminal, the second throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the second input terminal, and the third throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the third input terminal;

[0099] The output terminals of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 include a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a third output terminal. The first output terminal is the output terminal of the first voltage transformer T1, the second output terminal is the output terminal of the second voltage transformer T2, and the third output terminal is the output terminal of the third voltage transformer T3.

[0100] The common terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter 7, the first throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the first output terminal, the second throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the second output terminal, and the third throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the third output terminal.

[0101] The first grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded.

[0102] The first grounding terminal of the second voltage transformer T2 is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded.

[0103] The first grounding terminal of the third voltage transformer T3 is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer T1 is grounded.

[0104] Specifically, the first voltage transformer T1 has an input of 100V and an output of 1V, which means its amplification factor is 100 times; the second voltage transformer T2 has an input of 250V and an output of 1V, which means its amplification factor is 200 times; and the third voltage transformer T3 has an input of 500V and an output of 1V, which means its amplification factor is 500 times.

[0105] In a preferred embodiment, the linkage switch 5 has three positions: a first position, a second position, and a third position.

[0106] When the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the first position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a is connected to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the first throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the first throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c.

[0107] When the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the second position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a is connected to the second throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the second throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the second throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c.

[0108] When the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the third position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch K2a, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b is connected to the third throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch K2b, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c is connected to the third throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch K2c.

[0109] Specifically, the first single-pole triple-throw switch K2a, the second single-pole triple-throw switch K2b, and the third single-pole triple-throw switch K2c are used to switch different voltage values ​​to match the output voltage of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9, so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 can operate at a better voltage amplitude.

[0110] When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 60V≤V out When the voltage is ≤100V, the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the first position. At this time, the connected modular resistor is the second modular resistor R2a with a resistance of 100kΩ, and the connected voltage transformer is the first voltage transformer T1 with a magnification factor of 100.

[0111] When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 100V≤V out When the voltage is ≤200V, the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the second position. At this time, the connected modular resistor is the third modular resistor R2b with a resistance of 200kΩ, and the connected voltage transformer is the second voltage transformer T2 with a magnification factor of 200 times.

[0112] When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 200V≤V out When the voltage is ≤500V, the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the third position. At this time, the connected modular resistor is the fourth modular resistor R2c, with a resistance of 500kΩ, and the connected voltage transformer is the third voltage transformer T3, with an amplification factor of 500 times.

[0113] In this embodiment, the accuracy of the power amplifier output voltage is mainly composed of the signal waveform accuracy of the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9, the stability of the wideband high voltage power amplifier 1, the accuracy of the power frequency voltage proportional device 2, and the error measurement accuracy of the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8.

[0114] See Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating a standard harmonic voltage source output method based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is applicable to the standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven AC quantum voltage and includes:

[0115] S1. When the standard harmonic voltage source is energized, disconnect the first switch 4 and read the power amplifier output voltage of the wideband high voltage power amplifier 1.

[0116] Specifically, after the standard harmonic voltage source is powered on, the first switch 4 is disconnected, and the linkage switch 5 is initially in the first position.

[0117] S2. Determine the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switch the position of the linkage switch 5 according to the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls; wherein, the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1 is connected to the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 through the linkage switch 5 and the first switch 4; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier 1 includes several modal resistors with different resistance values; the power frequency voltage proportional device 2 includes several voltage transformers with different amplification factors; each position corresponds to a modal resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor;

[0118] Specifically, determine the power amplifier output voltage V out The voltage range that falls within, when the power amplifier output voltage V out The voltage range falls within 60V≤V out When the voltage is ≤100V, the linkage switch 5 is set to the first position. When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 100V≤V out When the voltage is ≤200V, the linkage switch 5 is set to the second position. When the voltage range of the power amplifier output voltage falls within 200V≤V out When the voltage is ≤500V, the position of the linkage switch 5 is set to the third position.

[0119] S3. Calculate the output voltage before compensation based on the resistance value of the modular resistor connected to the linkage switch 5, the resistance value of the first switch 4, and the output voltage of the power amplifier.

[0120] Specifically, assuming the power amplifier output voltage is V out =80V, that is, the output voltage of the power amplifier falls within 60V≤V out In the ≤100V range, the first setting is used (at this time, the linkage switch 5 is connected to the second modular resistor R2a, and the linkage switch 5 is connected to the first voltage transformer T1). Therefore, the output voltage V before compensation can be calculated using the following formula. i补偿前 :

[0121]

[0122] Right now,

[0123] Wherein, R2b is the resistance value of the second modal resistor R2a;

[0124] S4. Close the first switch 4, obtain the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter 7 and the fundamental wave signal sampled by the second digital multimeter 8, and determine the amplitude error based on the fundamental wave signal and the differential pressure signal.

[0125] In a preferred embodiment, before acquiring the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter 7 and the fundamental frequency signal sampled by the second digital multimeter 8, the method further includes:

[0126] A trigger pulse is sent to the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 via a synchronous trigger clock 6, so that the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 can sample synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse; wherein, the first digital multimeter 7 and the second digital multimeter 8 are connected via the synchronous trigger clock 6.

[0127] Specifically, when the first switch 4 is closed, the differential pressure signal ΔV is obtained by sampling with the first digital multimeter 7, and the fundamental frequency signal V is obtained by sampling with the second digital multimeter 8. i Then, the amplitude error e = ΔV / V is determined. i '.

[0128] S5. Based on the amplitude error, compensate the output voltage before compensation to obtain the output voltage after compensation;

[0129] Specifically, after determining the amplitude error e, the output voltage before compensation is compensated, i.e., V i补偿后 =V i补偿前 *(1+e).

[0130] S6. Generate an encoding based on the compensated output voltage and send the encoding to the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator 9 can output a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage after decoding the encoding.

[0131] The above description represents the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications without departing from the principles of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications are also considered to be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven ac voltage sub-voltages, characterized by The application relates to a wide-frequency high-voltage power amplifier, a power frequency voltage proportional device, a main controller, a first switch, a linkage switch, a synchronous trigger clock, a first digital multimeter, a second digital multimeter and a JAWS quantum voltage generator. The main controller is used for reading a power amplifier output voltage output by the wide-frequency high-voltage power amplifier when the first switch is turned off; judging a voltage interval in which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switching a gear of the linkage switch according to the voltage interval in which the power amplifier output voltage falls; and calculating an output voltage before compensation according to a resistance value of a mode-shaped resistor connected by the linkage switch, a resistance value of the first switch and the power amplifier output voltage; wherein each gear corresponds to a mode-shaped resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification multiple. The synchronous trigger clock is used for sending a trigger pulse to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter are triggered to sample synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse. The first digital multimeter is used for collecting a differential voltage signal when the first switch is turned on and the trigger pulse is received. The second digital multimeter is used for collecting a fundamental wave signal when the first switch is turned on and the trigger pulse is received. The main controller is further used for determining an amplitude error according to the fundamental wave signal and the differential voltage signal; compensating the output voltage before compensation according to the amplitude error to obtain an output voltage after compensation; generating a code according to the output voltage after compensation; and sending the code to the JAWS quantum voltage generator. The JAWS quantum voltage generator is used for outputting a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the output voltage after compensation after decoding the code. An output end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected with an input end of the wide-frequency high-voltage power amplifier; an input end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is connected with a first end of the main controller; and a grounding end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator is grounded.

2. The standard harmonic voltage source based on the pulse-driven ac voltage sub-voltage of claim 1, wherein, An output end of the wide-frequency high-voltage power amplifier is connected with an input end of the power frequency voltage proportional device through the linkage switch and the first switch; and an output end of the power frequency voltage proportional device is connected with a first end of the first digital multimeter through the linkage switch. A first end of the synchronous trigger clock is connected with a second end of the first digital multimeter; and a second end of the synchronous trigger clock is connected with a first end of the second digital multimeter. A third end of the first digital multimeter is connected with a second end of the main controller; and an output end of the first digital multimeter is connected with an output end of the JAWS quantum voltage generator. A second end of the second digital multimeter is connected with a fourth end of the first digital multimeter; a third end of the second digital multimeter is connected with a third end of the main controller; and a fourth end of the second digital multimeter is grounded. ​ 3. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven polyphase sub-voltages as claimed in claim 2, characterized in that, The linkage switch includes a first single-pole three-throw switch; the wideband high-voltage power amplifier includes: an operational amplifier, a power operational amplifier, a first mode resistor, a second mode resistor, a third mode resistor, and a fourth mode resistor; The non-inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is the input terminal of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier; the output terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the first modal resistor, and the inverting input terminal of the operational amplifier is connected to the output terminal of the operational amplifier. The second end of the first modal resistor is connected to the first end of the second modal resistor, the first end of the third modal resistor, the first end of the fourth modal resistor, and the non-inverting input of the power operational amplifier, respectively. The second end of the second modular resistor is connected to the first throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the second end of the third modular resistor is connected to the second throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the second end of the fourth modular resistor is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, and the common terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the output terminal of the power operational amplifier. The output terminal of the power operational amplifier is the same as the output terminal of the wideband high-voltage power amplifier. The inverting input terminal of the power operational amplifier is grounded.

4. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven polyphase sub-voltages as claimed in claim 3, characterized in that, The linkage switch includes a second single-pole three-throw switch and a third single-pole three-throw switch; the power frequency voltage proportional device includes: a first voltage transformer, a second voltage transformer and a third voltage transformer; The input terminals of the power frequency voltage proportional device include a first input terminal, a second input terminal, and a third input terminal. The first input terminal is the input terminal of the first voltage transformer, the second input terminal is the input terminal of the second voltage transformer, and the third input terminal is the input terminal of the third voltage transformer. The output terminal of the power operational amplifier is connected to the first terminal of the first switch, and the common terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second terminal of the first switch. The first throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first input terminal, the second throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second input terminal, and the third throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third input terminal; The output terminals of the power frequency voltage proportional device include a first output terminal, a second output terminal, and a third output terminal. The first output terminal is the output terminal of the first voltage transformer, the second output terminal is the output terminal of the second voltage transformer, and the third output terminal is the output terminal of the third voltage transformer. The common terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first terminal of the first digital multimeter, the first throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first output terminal, the second throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second output terminal, and the third throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third output terminal. The first grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded. The first grounding terminal of the second voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded. The first grounding terminal of the third voltage transformer is grounded, and the second grounding terminal of the first voltage transformer is grounded.

5. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven polyphase sub-voltages as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that, The linkage switch has three positions: a first position, a second position, and a third position. When the position of the linkage switch is set to the first position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the first throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch. When the position of the linkage switch is set to the second position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the second throw end of the third single-pole three-throw switch. When the position of the linkage switch is set to the third position, the blade of the first single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw terminal of the first single-pole three-throw switch, the blade of the second single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw terminal of the second single-pole three-throw switch, and the blade of the third single-pole three-throw switch is connected to the third throw terminal of the third single-pole three-throw switch.

6. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven polyphase sub-voltages as claimed in claim 5, characterized in that, The first, second, third, and fourth modal resistors are in the same insulating oil.

7. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven polyphase sub-voltages as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that, The main controller is connected to the JAWS quantum voltage generator via a control signal line.

8. A standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven polyphase sub-voltages as claimed in claim 7, characterized in that, The main controller is connected to the first digital multimeter via a GPIB interface; the main controller is also connected to the second digital multimeter via a GPIB interface.

9. A method for outputting standard harmonic voltage based on pulse-driven ac sub-voltage, applicable to the standard harmonic voltage source based on pulse-driven ac sub-voltage as claimed in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, include: When the standard harmonic voltage source is energized, disconnect the first switch and read the power amplifier output voltage from the wideband high voltage power amplifier. The system determines the voltage range into which the power amplifier output voltage falls, and switches the position of the linkage switch according to this range. The wideband high-voltage power amplifier is connected to the power frequency voltage proportional device via the linkage switch and the first switch. The wideband high-voltage power amplifier includes several modular resistors with different resistance values. The power frequency voltage proportional device includes several voltage transformers with different amplification factors. Each position corresponds to a modular resistor with a specific resistance value and a voltage transformer with a specific amplification factor. The output voltage before compensation is calculated based on the resistance value of the modal resistor connected to the linkage switch, the resistance value of the first switch, and the output voltage of the power amplifier. When the first switch is closed, the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental signal sampled by the second digital multimeter are obtained, and the amplitude error is determined based on the fundamental signal and the differential pressure signal. Based on the amplitude error, the output voltage before compensation is compensated to obtain the output voltage after compensation; An encoding is generated based on the compensated output voltage, and the encoding is sent to the JAWS quantum voltage generator so that the JAWS quantum voltage generator, after decoding the encoding, outputs a standard harmonic voltage signal corresponding to the compensated output voltage.

10. The method of claim 9, wherein the output of the standard harmonic voltage source based on the pulse-driven ac voltage sub-voltage is characterized by, Before acquiring the differential pressure signal sampled by the first digital multimeter and the fundamental frequency signal sampled by the second digital multimeter, the process also includes: A trigger pulse is sent to the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter via a synchronous trigger clock, so that the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter sample synchronously after receiving the trigger pulse; wherein the first digital multimeter and the second digital multimeter are connected via a synchronous trigger clock.

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