Quantum random number generation device, chip and quantum random number generation method

Abstract

The invention discloses a quantum random number generation device, a chip and a quantum random number generation method, and belongs to the technical field of random number generation. The device comprises: a light source for emitting a photon stream to an optical waveguide; the optical waveguide is used for attenuating the number of photons of the photon flow and outputting the photons to the photon detector; the photon detector is used for receiving the photons output by the optical waveguide, generating pulse signals based on the arrival time of the photons and sending the pulse signals to the data processing equipment; and the data processing equipment is used for generating the quantum random number according to the pulse signal. By utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, the number of photons reaching the photon detector after the photon flow passes through the optical waveguide is reduced, compared with the mode of attenuating the number of photons through a free space optical path and optical element combination, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for being integrated with a silicon chip; therefore, the occupied space of the quantum entropy source can be reduced, and the miniaturization and chip development of the quantum random number generator is promoted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the technical field of random number generation, and particularly relates to a quantum random number generating device, a chip, and a quantum random number generating method. Background Art

[0002] Random numbers are widely used in many fields such as cryptography, statistical simulation, game development, etc. Traditional random number generators, such as pseudo-random number generators, although they can generate seemingly random sequences, are essentially based on deterministic algorithms and have predictability, so they have limitations in occasions that require high security.

[0003] With the development of quantum physics, quantum random number generators (QRNGs) have attracted attention because they are based on the principles of quantum mechanics. Quantum random number generators utilize the unpredictability of quantum phenomena to generate truly random numbers. However, in existing quantum random number generators, the method of reducing the number of photons mainly combines free-space optical paths and optical elements in a quantum entropy source, which occupies a large space. Therefore, how to miniaturize and chip the quantum random number generator has become a key issue in the development of quantum random number generation technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this purpose, this application provides a quantum random number generating device, a chip, and a quantum random number generating method to reduce the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promote the miniaturization and chipping development of the quantum random number generating device.

[0005] In a first aspect, this application provides a quantum random number generating device, including:

[0006] A light source for emitting a photon stream to an optical waveguide;

[0007] An optical waveguide for attenuating the number of photons of the photon stream and outputting photons to a photon detector;

[0008] A photon detector for receiving the photons output by the optical waveguide, generating a pulse signal based on the arrival time of the photons, and sending the pulse signal to a data processing device;

[0009] The data processing device for generating quantum random numbers according to the pulse signal.

[0010] According to the quantum random number generating device of the present application, a photon stream is emitted from a light source to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector; a pulse signal sent by the photon detector is obtained; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; a quantum random number is generated according to the pulse signal. In the embodiment of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, during the process of the photon stream passing through the optical waveguide, phenomena such as absorption and scattering will occur, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons by combining a free space optical path and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with a silicon chip, thereby reducing the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promoting the miniaturization and chip development of the quantum random number generator.

[0011] According to an embodiment of the present application, the optical waveguide includes a nanowire plasmonic waveguide, and the nanowire plasmonic waveguide includes nanowires.

[0012] In this embodiment, by adopting a nanowire plasmonic waveguide, when the photon stream passes through the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, it will excite the oscillation of free electrons inside the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to generate surface plasmons. The electrons in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide generate forced vibrations and propagate along the nanowires, and then are reconverted into photons for output. During the transmission process of the photon stream in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, absorption, loss, etc. will occur, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, and improving the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0013] According to an embodiment of the present application, the manufacturing material of the nanowires of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide includes gold or silver.

[0014] In this embodiment, by using gold or silver as the manufacturing material of the nanowires, the excellent electrical conductivity and optical properties of gold and silver are utilized, which can effectively support the excitation and propagation of surface polaritons and improve the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0015] According to an embodiment of the present application, the length of the nanowires of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is determined according to at least one of the manufacturing material of the nanowires, the shape of the nanowires, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source.

[0016] In this embodiment, the length of the nanowires directly affects the resonance conditions and propagation characteristics of surface polaritons. Since nanowires of different materials, nanowires of different shapes, and light of different wavelengths have different plasmon resonance characteristics, by determining the length of the nanowires according to the manufacturing material, shape of the nanowires, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source, the interaction between the waveguide and the light source can be optimized, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of surface polaritons and the overall system performance.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the present application, the nanowire plasmonic waveguide includes an incident grating and an output grating; the photon stream is converted into surface plasmon polaritons after passing through the incident grating, and the surface plasmon polaritons are transmitted through the nanowire to the output grating, and are converted into photons by the output grating and output.

[0018] In this embodiment, by integrating an incident grating in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the sub-wavelength confinement characteristic of surface plasmon polaritons is effectively utilized, the photon stream is efficiently converted into surface plasmon polaritons, and after the surface plasmon polaritons are transmitted through the nanowire, they are converted into photons by the output grating and output, realizing the conversion from surface plasmon polaritons to photon stream, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, and improving the decay effect of the number of photons.

[0019] According to an embodiment of the present application, one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is provided with a prism or a near-field excitation source; the photon stream is converted into surface plasmon polaritons after passing through the prism or the near-field excitation source, and the surface plasmon polaritons are converted into photons and output at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide after being transmitted through the nanowire.

[0020] In this embodiment, by providing a prism or a near-field excitation source at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the excitation and transmission characteristics of the photon stream are effectively utilized. When the photon stream passes through the prism or the near-field excitation source, it can be converted into surface plasmon polaritons, and the surface plasmon polaritons are converted into photons and output at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide after being transmitted through the nanowire, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, and improving the decay effect of the number of photons.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present application, the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is connected to the photon detector through an optical fiber.

[0022] In this embodiment, by connecting the nanowire plasmonic waveguide and the photon detector through an optical fiber, the loss and reflection problems of the optical signal during transmission are reduced, and the reliability of random number generation is improved.

[0023] According to an embodiment of the present application, the data processing device includes a digital processing module and a post-processing module;

[0024] The digital processing module is configured to generate a binary digital signal as the original random number according to the photon arrival time in the pulse signal, and send the original random number to the post-processing module;

[0025] The post-processing module is configured to extract one bit from the original random number of multiple bits as the quantum random number.

[0026] In this embodiment, the photon arrival time is converted into a binary digital signal by a digital processing module, making full use of the quantum randomness of the photon arrival time to generate raw random numbers. Then, a post-processing module further extracts individual bits from these raw random numbers as the final quantum random numbers, enabling the output random numbers to meet specific randomness criteria and improving the reliability of random number generation.

[0027] According to an embodiment of the present application, the light source includes a laser diode, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, a light emitting diode, or a superluminescent light emitting diode.

[0028] In this embodiment, by selecting an appropriate light source type according to different application requirements, efficient and stable light emission is achieved, meeting the requirements of high-precision optical devices such as quantum random number generators and improving the flexibility of random number generation.

[0029] According to an embodiment of the present application, the light source, the optical waveguide, the photon detector, and the data processing device are integrated on a chip.

[0030] In this embodiment, by integrating the light source, the optical waveguide, the photon detector, and the data processing device on a chip, external connections and space requirements are reduced, realizing the chipization of the quantum random number transmission device.

[0031] In a second aspect, the present application provides a silicon-based chip, which includes the quantum random number generating device as described in the first aspect above.

[0032] In a third aspect, the present application provides a method for generating quantum random numbers, including:

[0033] Controlling a light source to emit a photon stream to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector;

[0034] Obtaining a pulse signal sent by the photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide;

[0035] Generating quantum random numbers according to the pulse signal.

[0036] According to the quantum random number generation method of the present application, a photon stream is emitted from a light source to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector; a pulse signal sent by the photon detector is obtained; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; and a quantum random number is generated according to the pulse signal. In the embodiment of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, when the photon stream passes through the optical waveguide, phenomena such as absorption and scattering will occur, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons by combining a free space optical path and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with a silicon chip, thereby reducing the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promoting the miniaturization and chip development of the quantum random number generator.

[0037] According to an embodiment of the present application, the generating a quantum random number according to the pulse signal includes:

[0038] Generating a binary digital signal as a raw random number according to the arrival time of the photons in the pulse signal;

[0039] Extracting one bit from the raw random number of multiple bits as the quantum random number.

[0040] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a quantum random number generation device, including:

[0041] A control module, configured to control a light source to emit a photon stream to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector;

[0042] An acquisition module, configured to acquire a pulse signal sent by the photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide;

[0043] A generation module, configured to generate a quantum random number according to the pulse signal.

[0044] The quantum random number generation device according to the present application emits a photon stream from a light source to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector; obtains a pulse signal sent by the photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; and generates a quantum random number according to the pulse signal. In the embodiments of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, when the photon stream passes through the optical waveguide, phenomena such as absorption and scattering will occur, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons by combining a free space optical path and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with a silicon chip, so that the occupied space of the quantum entropy source can be reduced, promoting the miniaturization and chip development of the quantum random number generator.

[0045] In a fifth aspect, the present application provides an electronic device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the quantum random number generation method described in the third aspect above is implemented.

[0046] In a sixth aspect, the present application provides a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the quantum random number generation method described in the third aspect above is implemented.

[0047] In a seventh aspect, the present application provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor, and the processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement the quantum random number generation method described in the third aspect above.

[0048] In an eighth aspect, the present application provides a computer program product, including a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the quantum random number generation method described in the third aspect above is implemented.

[0049] One or more of the above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least one of the following technical effects:

[0050] According to the quantum random number generating device of the present application, a photon stream is emitted from a light source to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector; a pulse signal sent by the photon detector is obtained; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; a quantum random number is generated according to the pulse signal. In the embodiment of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, when the photon stream passes through the optical waveguide, phenomena such as absorption and scattering will occur, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons by combining a free space optical path and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with a silicon chip, thereby reducing the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promoting the miniaturization and chip development of the quantum random number generator.

[0051] Further, in some embodiments, by using a nanowire plasmonic waveguide, when the photon stream passes through the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, it will excite the oscillation of free electrons inside the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to generate surface plasmons. The electrons in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide generate forced vibrations and propagate along the nanowire, and then are converted back into photons for output. During the transmission process of the photon stream in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, absorption, loss, etc. will occur, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, improving the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0052] Further, in some embodiments, by using gold or silver as the material for making the nanowire, the excellent electrical conductivity and optical properties of gold and silver are utilized, which can effectively support the excitation and propagation of surface plasmon polaritons, improving the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0053] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the length of the nanowire directly affects the resonance conditions and propagation characteristics of surface plasmon polaritons. Since nanowires of different materials, different shapes, and light of different wavelengths have different plasmon resonance characteristics, by determining the length of the nanowire according to the material, shape of the nanowire, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source, the interaction between the waveguide and the light source can be optimized, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of surface plasmon polaritons and the performance of the overall system.

[0054] Furthermore, in some embodiments, by integrating an incident grating in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the sub-wavelength confinement characteristics of surface plasmon polaritons are effectively utilized to efficiently convert the photon stream into surface plasmon polaritons. After the surface plasmon polaritons are transmitted through the nanowire, they are converted into photons through an exit grating for output, realizing the conversion from surface plasmon polaritons to a photon stream, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, and improving the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0055] Further, in some embodiments, by providing a prism or a near-field excitation source at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the excitation and transmission characteristics of the photon stream are effectively utilized. When the photon stream passes through the prism or the near-field excitation source, it can be converted into surface plasmon polaritons. After being transmitted through the nanowire, the surface plasmon polaritons are converted into photons and output at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, resulting in the attenuation of the number of photons in the photon stream and improving the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0056] Further, in some embodiments, by connecting the nanowire plasmonic waveguide and the photon detector through an optical fiber, the loss and reflection problems of the optical signal during transmission are reduced, and the reliability of random number generation is improved.

[0057] Still further, in some embodiments, the arrival time of photons is converted into a binary digital signal by a digital processing module, making full use of the quantum randomness of the arrival time of photons to generate raw random numbers. Then, the post-processing module further extracts individual bits from these raw random numbers as the final quantum random numbers, such that the output random numbers meet specific randomness criteria and the reliability of random number generation is improved.

[0058] Still further, in some embodiments, by selecting a suitable light source type according to different application requirements, efficient and stable light emission is achieved, meeting the requirements of high-precision optical devices such as quantum random number generators, and the flexibility of random number generation is improved.

[0059] Still further, in some embodiments, by integrating the light source, the optical waveguide, the photon detector, and the data processing device on a chip, external connections and space requirements are reduced, and chip integration of the quantum random number transmitting device is achieved.

[0060] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the following description, become apparent in part from the following description, or be learned through the practice of the present application. Description of the Drawings

[0061] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become apparent and be readily understood in the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0062] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a photon attenuation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a quantum random number generating device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] Figure 3 is a curve showing the variation of the emission intensity and propagation loss of a light source provided by an embodiment of the present application with the propagation distance;

[0065] Figure 4 It is a schematic structural diagram of a nanowire plasmonic waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the propagation process of surface polaritons in a nanowire plasmonic waveguide provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] Figure 6 It is a schematic flowchart of a quantum random number generation method provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] Figure 7 It is a schematic structural diagram of a quantum random number generation device provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0070] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art belong to the scope of protection of the present application.

[0071] The terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application are used to distinguish similar objects, rather than to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such used data can be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of the present application can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein, and the objects distinguished by "first", "second", etc. are usually of the same category, and the number of objects is not limited. For example, the first object can be one or more. In addition, "and / or" in the specification and claims means at least one of the connected objects, and the character " / " generally means an "or" relationship between the associated objects before and after.

[0072] Quantum random number generator: A device that generates true random numbers using the principles of quantum mechanics. A quantum random number generator generally includes a quantum entropy source and a data processing system. The quantum random numbers generated by the quantum entropy source have complete randomness because their randomness originates from quantum principles and will not lead to the leakage of random numbers due to the cracking of the random number generation rule. Therefore, the quantum random number generator has high security and can replace the classical random number generator in many scenarios to improve the overall cracking difficulty of the system. The working principle of the quantum entropy source is to transmit the photons emitted by the light source through optical elements and in space. To increase the unpredictability and uncertainty in the random number generation process, the number of photons needs to be reduced to the single-photon level, and then the single-photon detector detects the photons, generating binary random numbers based on the randomness of the photon arrival time.

[0073] In related technologies, such as Figure 1 shown, Figure 1 FIG. shows a schematic structural diagram of a photon attenuation device. Among them, the laser diode 101 serves as a light source and can emit photons. The part within the dotted line represents the photon path. The photons emitted by the laser diode 101 will pass through the convex lens 102. The convex lens 102 can increase the divergence angle of the photons, causing some photons to diverge outside the photon attenuation device, and some photons will reach the neutral density filter 103 after passing through the convex lens 102. The neutral density filter 103 can provide a fixed light intensity attenuation, reducing the number of photons reaching the single-photon detector 104 to the single-photon level. This way of attenuating the number of photons mainly combines free-space optical paths and optical elements, occupying a large space, especially the difficulty of integrating optical elements into the chip is great. Therefore, how to miniaturize and chip the quantum random number generator has become a key issue in the development of quantum random number generation technology.

[0074] To solve the above at least one technical problem, the present application proposes a quantum random number generating device, a chip, and a quantum random number generation method. The following will, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, explain in detail the quantum random number generating device, the chip, and the quantum random number generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application through specific embodiments and their application scenarios.

[0075] As Figure 2 shown, the quantum random number generating device 200 includes a light source 210, an optical waveguide 220, a photon detector 230, and a data processing device 240.

[0076] In the embodiments of the present application, the light source 210, the optical waveguide 220, the photon detector 230, and the data processing device 240 can be connected in sequence. The light source 210 can emit a photon stream to the optical waveguide 220. The photon stream passes through the optical waveguide 220, and the optical waveguide 220 attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to the photon detector 230. The photon detector 230 can receive the photons output by the optical waveguide 220, determine the time when the photons reach the photon detector 230, generate a pulse signal based on the arrival time of the photons, and send the pulse signal to the data processing device 240. The data processing device 240 can generate quantum random numbers according to the pulse signal.

[0077] In the embodiments of the present application, the light source 210 is responsible for emitting a photon stream. The light source 210 can be composed of a laser or other types of optical emitters and is capable of generating high-quality photons. The selection of the light source 210 directly affects the quality and quantity of the photons, and thus affects the efficiency and security of random number generation. The photon stream emitted by the light source 210 is guided into the optical waveguide 220 to start the subsequent attenuation process.

[0078] In some embodiments, the light source 210 can include a laser diode (LD), a vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL), a light-emitting diode (LED), or a superluminescent light-emitting diode (SLED). Of course, the light source 210 can also include other types of light sources, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0079] In this embodiment, by selecting a suitable light source type according to different application requirements, efficient and stable light emission can be achieved, meeting the requirements of high-precision optical devices such as quantum random number generators, and improving the flexibility of random number generation.

[0080] In the embodiments of the present application, the optical waveguide 220 is a medium device that guides the propagation of light waves. Its main function is to attenuate the number of photons in the photon stream so that the generated random numbers have sufficient randomness and unpredictability. The medium of the optical waveguide 220 can use different materials, such as non-metallic materials like aluminum nitride and magnesium fluoride, or other materials such as silicon and silicon oxides. The optical waveguide 220 can include micro-optical elements, such as nano-optical waveguides, which can effectively control the propagation and attenuation of photons therein. In the optical waveguide 220, the photons gradually weaken through interaction with the material, thereby attenuating the number of photons in the photon stream.

[0081] In some embodiments, the optical waveguide 220 employed may be a planar waveguide, a photonic crystal waveguide, a polymer waveguide, a nanowire plasmonic waveguide, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0082] Taking the nanowire plasmonic waveguide as the optical waveguide 220 as an example, a nanowire plasmonic waveguide is an optical waveguide composed of metal wires or metal nanostructures at the nanoscale. The nanowire plasmonic waveguide can support the propagation of surface plasmon polaritons (SPP). Among them, surface plasmons, also known as surface polaritons, are a coupled body of light and free electrons and usually exist at the interface between a metal and a dielectric. When a photon stream passes through the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, it will excite the oscillation of free electrons inside the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to generate surface plasmons. The electrons in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide generate forced vibrations and propagate along the nanowire, and then are converted back into photons for output. During the transmission of the photon stream in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, absorption, loss, etc. will occur, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, and improving the decay effect of the number of photons.

[0083] The optical structure of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is simple, which is conducive to miniaturization. In the quantum entropy source, the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is used to replace traditional optical elements and free-space optical paths for photon transmission, so that the photons emitted by the light source 210 are attenuated to the single-photon level. The length and width of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide are at the level of a few micrometers to dozens of micrometers. Compared with other methods of transmitting and reducing the number of photons, the required space can be significantly reduced, and it can be used to manufacture a quantum random number generation device on a chip scale.

[0084] In the embodiments of the present application, the photon detector 230 is a radiation detector made by using the external photoelectric effect or the internal photoelectric effect. The photon detector 230 can change the motion state of electrons by absorbing the energy of photons, thereby generating a pulse signal. The photon detector 230 may include a photodiode or other types of photoelectric sensors, and can detect single photons and generate a pulse signal based on the arrival time of the photons. Specifically, when a photon arrives at the photon detector 230, it will trigger a current pulse. The photon detector 230 will record the arrival time of the photon and convert this information into an electrical signal pulse, that is, a pulse signal, and these pulse signals represent the specific arrival events of the photons.

[0085] In an embodiment of the present application, the data processing device 240 may generate quantum random numbers based on pulse signals. The data processing device 240 may include digital circuits, such as a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, etc. The data processing device 240 may convert the pulse signal into a digital signal, determine the binary digital signal as the original random number, and then sample the original random number to output the quantum random number.

[0086] In some embodiments, the data processing device 240 includes a digitization processing module 241 and a post-processing module 242;

[0087] The digitization processing module 241 is configured to generate a binary digital signal as the original random number according to the photon arrival time in the pulse signal, and send the original random number to the post-processing module 242;

[0088] The post-processing module 242 is configured to extract one bit from the original random numbers of multiple bits as the quantum random number.

[0089] In this embodiment, the digitization processing module 241 first receives the pulse signal from the photon detector 230. The pulse signal represents the arrival event of photons, and the arrival of each photon generates an electrical signal pulse in the photon detector 230. The digitization processing module 241 divides the time into multiple fixed time intervals (for example, each nanosecond or microsecond is an interval), and monitors whether photons arrive within each time interval. The time marking circuit in the digitization processing module 241 may record the arrival time of each pulse signal, and the arrival time of the pulse signal is the photon arrival time. According to the pulse signal situation within each time interval, the corresponding binary digital signal is generated. For example, if a pulse signal is detected within a certain time interval, the output corresponding to this time interval is "1"; if not detected, the output is "0". In this way, the outputs of multiple time intervals form a binary sequence, which constitutes the original random number. The original random number is sent to the post-processing module 242.

[0090] In this embodiment, the post-processing module 242 may analyze the received original random number. For example, evaluate the statistical characteristics of the random number sequence to identify potential biases or patterns. And use Toeplitz matrix operations or other algorithms to extract one bit from the original random numbers as the quantum random number. Among them, the Toeplitz matrix is a matrix with a specific structure, which can effectively enhance the randomness in the data and reduce possible correlations.

[0091] In this embodiment, the digitization processing module converts the photon arrival time into a binary digital signal, fully utilizing the quantum randomness of the photon arrival time to generate raw random numbers. Then, the post-processing module further extracts individual bits from these raw random numbers as the final quantum random numbers, enabling the output random numbers to meet specific randomness criteria and improving the reliability of random number generation.

[0092] According to the quantum random number generating device of the present application, a photon stream is emitted from a light source to an optical waveguide to attenuate the number of photons in the photon stream by the optical waveguide and output photons to a photon detector; a pulse signal sent by the photon detector is obtained; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; and quantum random numbers are generated according to the pulse signal. In the embodiment of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, during the process of the photon stream passing through the optical waveguide, phenomena such as absorption and scattering will occur, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons by combining a free space optical path and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with a silicon chip, thereby reducing the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promoting the miniaturization and chip development of the quantum random number generator.

[0093] In some embodiments, the nanowire of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide can be an elongated nanowire made of metal materials such as gold, silver, and aluminum. The diameter of the nanowire is between a few nanometers and dozens of nanometers, and the length can be at the micron level. In the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the nanowire can be embedded in a medium with a relatively high refractive index (such as water, polymer, or other optical materials). When light irradiates these metal nanowires, the light interacts with the free electrons on the metal surface to form a plasmon wave. Specifically, when the light wave meets the boundary of the nanowire, surface plasmon polaritons can be excited. These surface plasmon polaritons will propagate along the surface of the nanowire, thereby realizing the transmission of optical signals.

[0094] Taking the nanowire of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide made of silver as an example, the relationship between the light intensity attenuation of the nanowire waveguide output and the propagation length is as Figure 3As shown, it can be seen from Curve 1 that the emission intensity decays as the propagation distance increases. This is because when photons propagate in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, their intensity gradually weakens due to loss mechanisms such as scattering and absorption. It can be seen from Curve 2 that the propagation loss increases as the propagation distance increases. Curve 2 reflects the degree of loss when photons propagate in the nanowire waveguide. The nanowires made of silver for the nanowire plasmonic waveguide can achieve significant photon number decay over a length of dozens of micrometers. By controlling the length and material properties of the nanowires, the attenuation degree of photons can be adjusted to meet the requirements of specific applications.

[0095] In this embodiment, by using gold or silver as the material for fabricating the nanowires, the excellent electrical conductivity and optical properties of gold and silver are utilized, which can effectively support the excitation and propagation of surface plasmon polaritons and improve the attenuation effect of the photon number.

[0096] In some embodiments, the length of the nanowires of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is determined according to at least one of the material for fabricating the nanowires, the shape of the nanowires, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source.

[0097] In this embodiment, since the refractive indices of different materials will affect the interaction between light and the surface of the nanowires, thereby affecting the propagation mode and length of light. Therefore, the length design of the nanowires needs to consider the material properties to ensure good light transmission effects. The geometric shape of the nanowires (such as diameter, span, end face structure, etc.) will affect the excitation conditions and propagation modes of surface plasmon polaritons. For example, thinner nanowires may result in different light propagation characteristics and resonance frequencies. Therefore, the length design of the nanowires needs to consider the geometric shape of the nanowires.

[0098] Lights of different wavelengths will excite different surface plasmon polariton generation conditions. The length of the nanowires needs to be adapted to the wavelength of the incident light to ensure effective excitation and propagation. For example, the shorter the wavelength, the higher the energy of the light. Correspondingly, it may cause specific lengths of nanowires to be only suitable for light signals of certain wavelengths. Therefore, it is necessary to adjust the length of the nanowires to achieve good coupling conditions with the wavelength of the incident light.

[0099] In this embodiment, the length of the nanowires directly affects the resonance conditions and propagation characteristics of surface plasmon polaritons. Since nanowires of different materials, different shapes, and lights of different wavelengths have different plasmon resonance characteristics, by determining the length of the nanowires according to the material for fabricating the nanowires, the shape, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source, the interaction between the waveguide and the light source can be optimized, thereby improving the transmission efficiency of surface plasmon polaritons and the overall system performance.

[0100] In some embodiments, the nanowire plasmonic waveguide includes an incident grating and an output grating; a photon stream is converted into surface plasmon polaritons after passing through the incident grating, and the surface plasmon polaritons are transmitted through the nanowire to the output grating, where they are converted into photons and output.

[0101] In this embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the incident grating 401 can be disposed at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide 400, and the output grating 402 can be disposed at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide. The incident grating 401 can be designed according to the wavelength of the incident light so as to effectively couple the light into the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, and the output grating 402 can be used to convert the surface plasmon polaritons transmitted to the other end of the nanowire 403 back into photons for output.

[0102] The propagation process of surface plasmon polaritons in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is as Figure 5 shown, where the Z-axis represents the propagation direction of the light wave or surface plasmon polaritons, the X-axis represents the direction of the metal-dielectric interface, E represents the electromagnetic field distribution, λ SPP represents the wavelength of the surface plasmon polaritons, H represents the magnetic field, ε d represents the dielectric constant of the medium, ε m (ω) represents the dielectric constant of the metal, and ε m (ω) varies with the frequency ω. When the wave vector of the light wave incident on the metal surface matches the wave vector of the surface plasmon polaritons on the metal surface, surface plasmon polaritons can be excited. By changing the incident angle of the light wave through the grating structure, the wave vector of the light wave incident on the metal surface can be made to match the wave vector of the surface plasmon polaritons on the metal surface, thereby exciting surface plasmon polaritons. Specifically, when photons emitted by a light source irradiate the incident grating of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, surface plasmon polaritons are formed on the surface of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide. The surface plasmon polaritons will undergo lossy transmission along the nanowire and be reconverted into photons at the output grating for output. At this time, the number of photons output will be less than the number of incident photons, achieving photon number reduction. Finally, the number of photons output is of the order of single photons.

[0103] In this embodiment, by integrating the incident grating in the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the sub-wavelength confinement characteristics of surface plasmon polaritons are effectively utilized to efficiently convert the photon stream into surface plasmon polaritons. After the surface plasmon polaritons are transmitted through the nanowire, they are converted into photons and output through the output grating, realizing the conversion from surface plasmon polaritons to a photon stream, causing the number of photons in the photon stream to decay, and improving the decay effect of the number of photons.

[0104] In some embodiments, a prism or a near-field excitation source is provided at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide; the photon stream is converted into surface plasmon polaritons after passing through the prism or the near-field excitation source, and the surface plasmon polaritons are converted into photons for output at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide after being transmitted through the nanowire.

[0105] In this embodiment, in addition to using a grating structure to enable photons to excite surface plasmon polaritons on the surface of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, other methods can also be used to enable photons to excite surface plasmon polaritons on the surface of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, such as prism coupling, near-field excitation and other methods.

[0106] In this embodiment, if prism coupling is used to enable photons to excite surface plasmon polaritons on the surface of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the prism can be placed at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to convert the incident photon stream into surface plasmon polaritons. When light waves are incident on the metal-dielectric interface at an angle greater than the critical angle, evanescent waves will be generated, and these evanescent waves interact with the free electrons in the metal to excite surface plasmon polaritons. The surface plasmon polaritons propagate along the nanowire until they reach the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide. Structures such as a prism or a grating can be provided at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to convert the surface plasmon polaritons into photons, thereby realizing the output of photons.

[0107] In this embodiment, if near-field excitation is used to enable photons to excite surface plasmon polaritons on the surface of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, a near-field excitation source, such as an optical fiber taper or other near-field optical tools, can be placed at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide. The high-intensity evanescent field of the near-field excitation source interacts with the nanowire to convert the incident photon stream into surface plasmon polaritons. The surface plasmon polaritons propagate along the nanowire until they reach the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide. Structures such as a near-field excitation source or a grating can be provided at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to convert the surface plasmon polaritons into photons, thereby realizing the output of photons.

[0108] In this embodiment, by providing a prism or a near-field excitation source at one end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide, the excitation and transmission characteristics of the photon stream are effectively utilized. The photon stream can be converted into surface plasmon polaritons when passing through the prism or the near-field excitation source, and the surface plasmon polaritons are converted into photons for output at the other end of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide after being transmitted through the nanowire, resulting in the attenuation of the number of photons in the photon stream and improving the attenuation effect of the number of photons.

[0109] In some embodiments, the nanowire plasmonic waveguide is connected to the photon detector 230 through an optical fiber.

[0110] In this embodiment, the nanowire plasmonic waveguide and the photon detector are connected by an optical fiber, reducing the loss and reflection problems of the optical signal during transmission and improving the reliability of random number generation.

[0111] In some embodiments, the light source 210, the optical waveguide 220, the photon detector 230, and the data processing device 240 are integrated on a chip.

[0112] In this embodiment, the light source 210, the optical waveguide 220, the photon detector 230, the data processing device 240, etc. occupy a small chip area, and the photon detector 230 and the optical waveguide 220 can be easily integrated with a silicon-based chip to realize quantum random number generation within a single chip.

[0113] In this embodiment, by integrating the light source, the optical waveguide, the photon detector, and the data processing device on a chip, the external connections and space requirements are reduced, realizing the chipization of the quantum random number sending device.

[0114] In one example, the working process of the quantum random number generating device 200 includes:

[0115] The laser light source emits a certain number of photons at random times. The photons diffract at the incident grating of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to form surface plasmon polaritons. The surface plasmon polaritons are transmitted along the nanowire to the exit grating, where the surface plasmon polaritons are re-converted into photons and emitted. The photons re-emitted at the exit grating are detected by a single-photon detector. Each time the single-photon detector detects a photon, it generates a pulse signal and sends it to the digital processing module. The digital processing module generates a binary digital signal as the original random number based on the position of the pulse signal in each time interval and sends it to the post-processing module. The post-processing module extracts a single-bit true random number from the original random number of multiple bits through Toeplitz matrix operation or other means and outputs it.

[0116] In this example, the purpose of using the laser light source is to make the light source easier to control and the emitted photons more concentrated, enabling the photons to be better concentrated at the incident grating of the nanowire plasmonic waveguide to form surface plasmons.

[0117] The embodiments of the present application also provide a quantum random number generation method. Among them, the quantum random number generation method can be applied to a terminal and can be specifically executed by hardware or software in the terminal.

[0118] The terminal includes, but is not limited to, portable communication devices such as mobile phones or tablet computers with a touch-sensitive surface (such as a touch screen display and / or a touchpad). It should also be understood that in some embodiments, the terminal may not be a portable communication device but a desktop computer with a touch-sensitive surface (such as a touch screen display and / or a touchpad).

[0119] In each of the following embodiments, a terminal including a display and a touch-sensitive surface is described. However, it should be understood that the terminal may include one or more other physical user interface devices such as a physical keyboard, a mouse, and a joystick.

[0120] The quantum random number generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application may be executed by an electronic device or a functional module or functional entity in the electronic device that can implement the quantum random number generation method. The electronic devices mentioned in the embodiments of the present application include, but are not limited to, mobile phones, tablet computers, computers, cameras, and wearable devices, etc. Hereinafter, taking the electronic device as the execution subject, the quantum random number generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application will be described.

[0121] As Figure 6 shown, the quantum random number generation method includes: step 610, step 620, and step 630.

[0122] Step 610: Control the light source to emit a photon stream to the optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to the photon detector;

[0123] Step 620: Obtain the pulse signal sent by the photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide;

[0124] Step 630: Generate a quantum random number according to the pulse signal.

[0125] According to the quantum random number generation method of the present application, a photon stream is emitted from the light source to the optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to the photon detector; the pulse signal sent by the photon detector is obtained; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; a quantum random number is generated according to the pulse signal. In the embodiments of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, absorption and scattering and other phenomena will occur when the photon stream passes through the optical waveguide, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons by combining free space optical paths and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with silicon chips, thereby reducing the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promoting the miniaturization and chipization development of the quantum random number generator.

[0126] In some embodiments, generating a quantum random number according to the pulse signal includes:

[0127] Generating a binary digital signal as the original random number according to the photon arrival time in the pulse signal;

[0128] Extract one bit from the original random number of multiple bits as the quantum random number.

[0129] In the quantum random number generation method provided by the embodiments of the present application, the execution subject may be a quantum random number generation device. In the embodiments of the present application, taking the quantum random number generation device executing the quantum random number generation method as an example, the quantum random number generation device provided by the embodiments of the present application is described.

[0130] The embodiments of the present application also provide a quantum random number generation device.

[0131] As Figure 7 shown, the quantum random number generation device includes:

[0132] A control module 710, configured to control a light source to emit a photon stream to an optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector;

[0133] An acquisition module 720, configured to acquire a pulse signal sent by the photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide;

[0134] A generation module 730, configured to generate a quantum random number according to the pulse signal.

[0135] According to the quantum random number generation device of the present application, a photon stream is emitted to an optical waveguide through a light source, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to a photon detector; a pulse signal sent by the photon detector is acquired; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; a quantum random number is generated according to the pulse signal. In the embodiments of the present application, by utilizing the optical characteristics of the optical waveguide, during the process of the photon stream passing through the optical waveguide, phenomena such as absorption and scattering will occur, thereby reducing the density of the photon stream and reducing the number of photons reaching the photon detector. Compared with the method of attenuating the number of photons through a combination of free space optical paths and optical elements, the size of the optical waveguide is smaller, and the optical waveguide is more suitable for integration with a silicon chip, thereby reducing the occupied space of the quantum entropy source and promoting the miniaturization and chipization development of the quantum random number generator.

[0136] In some embodiments, the generation module 730 is further configured to:

[0137] Generate a binary digital signal as the original random number according to the photon arrival time in the pulse signal;

[0138] Extract one bit from the original random number of multiple bits as the quantum random number.

[0139] The quantum random number generation device in the embodiments of the present application can be an electronic device or a component in an electronic device, such as an integrated circuit or a chip. The electronic device can be a terminal or other devices other than terminals. Exemplarily, the electronic device can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a handheld computer, a vehicle-mounted electronic device, a Mobile Internet Device (MID), an augmented reality (AR) / virtual reality (VR) device, a robot, a wearable device, an ultra-mobile personal computer (UMPC), a netbook, or a personal digital assistant (PDA), etc. It can also be a server, a Network Attached Storage (NAS), a personal computer (PC), a television (TV), a teller machine, or a self-service machine, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations.

[0140] The quantum random number generation device in the embodiments of the present application can be a device with an operating system. The operating system can be the Microsoft (Windows) operating system, the Android operating system, the IOS operating system, or other possible operating systems. The embodiments of the present application do not make specific limitations.

[0141] In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, the embodiments of the present application further provide an electronic device 800, including a processor 801, a memory 802, and a computer program stored on the memory 802 and executable on the processor 801. When the program is executed by the processor 801, it implements each process of the above-mentioned embodiments of the quantum random number generation method and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0142] It should be noted that the electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include the above-mentioned mobile electronic devices and non-mobile electronic devices.

[0143] The embodiments of the present application further provide a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. A computer program is stored on the non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements each process of the above-mentioned embodiments of the quantum random number generation method and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0144] Among them, the processor is the processor in the electronic device in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media such as computer read-only memory ROM, random access memory RAM, magnetic disk or optical disc, etc.

[0145] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, including a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the above-mentioned quantum random number generation method.

[0146] Among them, the processor is the processor in the electronic device in the above embodiment. The readable storage medium includes computer-readable storage media such as computer read-only memory ROM, random access memory RAM, magnetic disk or optical disc, etc.

[0147] Another embodiment of the present application provides a chip, which includes a processor and a communication interface. The communication interface is coupled to the processor. The processor is used to run programs or instructions to implement each process of the above-mentioned embodiment of the quantum random number generation method, and can achieve the same technical effect. To avoid repetition, it will not be elaborated here.

[0148] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a system-on-chip, system chip, chip system, or system-on-chip, etc.

[0149] Another embodiment of the present application provides a silicon-based chip, which includes the above-mentioned quantum random number generating device.

[0150] It should be noted that in this article, the term "including", "comprising" or any other variant thereof is intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not explicitly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device. Without further limitation, an element defined by the statement "including one..." does not exclude the existence of another identical element in the process, method, article or device including that element. In addition, it should be pointed out that the scope of the methods and devices in the embodiments of the present application is not limited to performing functions in the order shown or discussed, and may also include performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in a reverse order according to the functions involved. For example, the described method may be performed in a different order than described, and various steps may be added, omitted, or combined. In addition, the features described with reference to certain examples may be combined in other examples.

[0151] Through the description of the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can clearly understand that the above-described example methods can be implemented by means of software plus a necessary general hardware platform. Of course, they can also be implemented by hardware, but in many cases the former is a better implementation. Based on such an understanding, the technical solution of the present application, in essence or the part that contributes to the prior art, can be embodied in the form of a computer software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium (such as ROM / RAM, magnetic disk, optical disk) and includes several instructions for causing a terminal (which can be a mobile phone, computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute the methods described in various embodiments of the present application.

[0152] The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. However, the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments. The above specific embodiments are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the inspiration of the present application, those of ordinary skill in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, and all of them fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0153] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "illustrative embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples", etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner.

[0154] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present application. The scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A quantum random number generating device, characterized in that: include: a light source for emitting a stream of photons toward the optical waveguide; An optical waveguide, used for attenuating the number of photons in the photon stream and outputting photons to a photon detector; a photon detector, configured to receive photons outputted by the optical waveguide, generate a pulse signal based on the arrival time of the photons, and send the pulse signal to a data processing device; The data processing device is used to generate quantum random numbers according to the pulse signal.

2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The optical waveguide comprises a nanowire plasmonic waveguide comprising nanowires.

3. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The nanowires of the nanowire plasma waveguide are made of gold or silver.

4. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The length of the nanowire of the nanowire plasma waveguide is determined according to at least one of the material of which the nanowire is made, the shape of the nanowire, and the wavelength of the light emitted by the light source.

5. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The nanowire plasma waveguide includes an incident grating and an exit grating; the photon stream is converted into surface polaritons after passing through the incident grating, and the surface polaritons are transmitted to the exit grating through the nanowire, and are converted into photons by the exit grating and output.

6. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that A prism or a near-field excitation source is provided at one end of the nanowire plasma waveguide; the photon flow is converted into surface polaritons after passing through the prism or the near-field excitation source, and the surface polaritons are converted into photon output at the other end of the nanowire plasma waveguide after being transmitted through the nanowire.

7. The device according to claim 2, characterized in that The nanowire plasma waveguide is connected to the photon detector via an optical fiber.

8. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The data processing device includes a digital processing module and a post-processing module; The digital processing module is used to generate a binary digital signal as an original random number according to the arrival time of the photons in the pulse signal, and send the original random number to the post-processing module; The post-processing module is used to extract one bit from the original random number of multiple bits as a quantum random number.

9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The light source includes a laser diode, a vertical cavity surface emitting laser, a light emitting diode or a super luminescent diode.

10. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that The light source, the optical waveguide, the photon detector and the data processing device are integrated on a chip.

11. A silicon-based chip, characterized in that: Comprising a quantum random number generating device as described in any one of claims 1-10.

12. A quantum random number generation method, characterized in that: include: Controlling the light source to emit a photon stream to the optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to the photon detector; Acquire a pulse signal sent by a photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; A quantum random number is generated according to the pulse signal.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that Generating a quantum random number according to the pulse signal comprises: Generate a binary digital signal as an original random number according to the arrival time of the photons in the pulse signal; One bit is extracted from the multiple bits of the original random number as a quantum random number.

14. A quantum random number generating device, characterized in that: include: A control module, used for controlling the light source to emit a photon stream to the optical waveguide, so that the optical waveguide attenuates the number of photons in the photon stream and outputs photons to the photon detector; An acquisition module, used for acquiring a pulse signal sent by a photon detector; the pulse signal is generated by the photon detector according to the arrival time of the photons output by the optical waveguide; A generation module is used to generate quantum random numbers according to the pulse signal.

15. An electronic device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the program, the method according to claim 12 or 13 is implemented.

16. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to claim 12 or 13 is implemented.

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