A flow battery charge and discharge control device and method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology and discloses a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device and method, comprising: a circulation mechanism for storing and transporting positive and negative electrolytes, and for simultaneously utilizing a diaphragm or ion exchange membrane to achieve ion transfer, thereby enabling charge and discharge operations; a slow flow mechanism, disposed on the periphery of the circulation mechanism, for regulating the flow rate and volume of the positive and negative electrolytes when subjected to continuous compression, thereby adjusting the battery's charge and discharge efficiency; and a regulating mechanism, disposed on the outside of the slow flow mechanism, for automatically controlling the degree of compression applied to the slow flow mechanism, thereby automatically regulating or stopping the flow rate and volume of the positive and negative electrolytes. Through precise flow rate control, intelligent charge and discharge management, and multi-level fault monitoring, the present invention achieves improved battery charge and discharge efficiency, optimized energy management, and safe, stable operation of the system, as well as remote intelligent operation and maintenance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of energy storage technology, and in particular to a charge and discharge control device and method for a liquid flow battery. Background Art

[0002] Flow batteries are a new type of energy storage device widely used in renewable energy storage and grid peak regulation. Flow batteries convert electrical energy into chemical energy through redox reactions between the positive and negative electrolytes in the battery stack. They offer advantages such as high capacity, long life, and rapid charge and discharge. In flow battery systems, the charge and discharge control device plays a core regulatory role, ensuring efficient and stable system operation through dynamic control of electrolyte flow rate, flow rate, and energy transmission.

[0003] Existing flow battery charge and discharge control systems typically include an electrolyte delivery mechanism and a basic charge and discharge management system. Electrolyte circulation pumps deliver positive and negative electrolytes, enabling fluid circulation within the stack. Ion exchange membranes within the stack simultaneously facilitate ion transfer, enabling the charge and discharge process.

[0004] However, existing technologies have obvious deficiencies in electrolyte flow rate regulation, intelligent management of the charging and discharging process, and system safety monitoring and maintenance. First, the existing devices have low control accuracy of the electrolyte flow rate, resulting in uneven flow rate distribution inside the battery stack, which easily causes local concentration polarization and affects the charging and discharging efficiency. Second, the charging and discharging control lacks real-time optimization and dynamic adjustment, resulting in low energy utilization and difficulty in effectively extending the battery life. In addition, the system fault monitoring response is slow, and the level of remote monitoring and intelligent operation and maintenance is insufficient, making it impossible to accurately monitor and optimize the system operating status. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the shortcomings of the existing technology, the present invention provides a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device and method, which solves the local concentration polarization problem caused by low electrolyte flow rate control accuracy and uneven flow distribution in the existing technology, improves the charging and discharging efficiency of the battery stack; and at the same time solves the problem of lack of dynamic optimization and energy management in the charging and discharging process.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device, comprising:

[0007] A circulation mechanism for storing and transporting positive and negative electrolytes, and for realizing ion transfer through a diaphragm or ion exchange membrane, thereby achieving charge and discharge operations;

[0008] A slow flow mechanism, which is arranged on the periphery of the circulation mechanism and is used to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrolytes when subjected to continuous squeezing, thereby adjusting the battery charge and discharge efficiency;

[0009] A regulating mechanism, which is arranged outside the slow flow mechanism and is used to automatically control the degree of squeezing of the slow flow mechanism, thereby automatically regulating or stopping the flow rate and flow of the positive and negative electrolytes;

[0010] Intelligent charge and discharge management module, used to dynamically control the charge and discharge process according to the state parameters of the flow battery;

[0011] Electrolyte circulation and management module, used to optimize and control the flow rate, flow velocity and flow channel uniformity of the electrolyte;

[0012] High-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, used to achieve efficient bidirectional conversion of flow battery energy;

[0013] Multi-level fault monitoring and protection module, used for real-time monitoring and rapid protection of faults during system operation;

[0014] Remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module is used to realize real-time collection, analysis and remote monitoring of system operation data.

[0015] Preferably, the circulation mechanism includes two groups of transport pumps, the input end of the transport pump is fixedly connected to a storage pipe, the output end of the transport pump is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe, a container is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting pipes, the top of the container is fixedly connected to a transformer, and the end of the storage pipe away from the transport pump is fixedly connected to the outside of the container.

[0016] Preferably, the flow slowing mechanism includes two groups of sleeves, the sleeves are fixedly connected to the middle part of the connecting pipe, the inside of the sleeve is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, the outside of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to an inclined plate, the inside of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to a reset spring, the other end of the reset spring is fixedly connected to a T-rod, the outside of the T-rod is fixedly connected to a limiting block, the limiting block is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating rod, the T-rod is fixedly connected to a protrusion on the side close to the sleeve, a groove is provided on the outside of the sleeve, and the protrusion and the groove are plug-fitted.

[0017] Preferably, the adjusting mechanism includes a shell, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve, and two sets of synchronous wheels are rotatably connected inside the shell, and a synchronous belt is provided on the outer periphery of the two sets of synchronous wheels. The inside of the shell is rotatably connected to a support rod, and the synchronous belt and the support rod are in rolling abutment with each other, and the outside of the shell is fixedly connected to a motor, one of the synchronous wheels is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor, and a turntable is fixedly connected to the outside of the synchronous wheel, and an eccentric rod is rotatably connected to the other side of the turntable, and a connecting rod belt is provided on the outer periphery of the eccentric rod, and the connecting rod belt is slidably connected to the inside of the shell, and a connecting block is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting belt, and an extrusion block is fixedly connected to the other end of the connecting block, and the extrusion block is in contact with the T-bar.

[0018] Preferably, the intelligent charge and discharge management module includes:

[0019] The SOC / SOH real-time assessment subunit is used to calculate the battery's state of charge through coulomb counting and the health status based on the internal resistance characteristics of the battery stack;

[0020] The charge and discharge dynamic optimization subunit is used to achieve dynamic optimization of charge and discharge through staged charge control and real-time load adjustment.

[0021] Preferably, the electrolyte circulation and management module includes:

[0022] The flow optimization control subunit is used to adjust the electrolyte flow rate by adopting a PID control strategy and monitoring the flow error in real time;

[0023] The flow channel uniformity control subunit is used to optimize the distribution of electrolyte in the flow channel inside the fuel cell stack to maximize the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

[0024] Preferably, the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module includes:

[0025] A bidirectional DC / DC converter subunit for energy exchange between the battery and the load using a full-bridge bidirectional topology;

[0026] The current ripple suppression subunit is used to reduce the current ripple by dynamically adjusting the filter parameters.

[0027] Preferably, the multi-level fault monitoring and protection module includes:

[0028] A fault detection subunit, used to identify stack short circuit, overheating or electrolyte leakage faults by calculating the sum of squared residuals;

[0029] The fast protection subunit is used to quickly cut off the charge and discharge circuit when a fault occurs.

[0030] Preferably, the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module includes:

[0031] Data acquisition and communication subunit, used to achieve remote transmission of system operation data through NB-IoT communication protocol;

[0032] The cloud-based optimization subunit is used to predict battery life and optimize control strategies based on big data analysis.

[0033] The present invention also provides a method for using a flow battery charge and discharge control device, comprising the following steps:

[0034] Step 1: When in use, the positive and negative electrolytes are transported into the container by starting the transport pump and circulating at the same time, thereby performing the discharge process. The synchronous wheel is rotated by driving the motor and in cooperation with the synchronous belt. When the synchronous wheel rotates, the turntable is driven to rotate. At this time, the eccentric rod set eccentrically can drive the connecting rod belt to translate when the turntable rotates, so that the connecting block belt extrusion block squeezes the T-bar, so that the T-bar compresses the return spring and controls the depth of the protrusion entering the groove. At this time, when the water flow hits the inclined plate and causes the rotating rod to rotate, the arc set at the front end of the protrusion can cause the protrusion to twist and slide out of the current groove and fall into the next groove, thereby controlling the flow rate and flow of the positive and negative electrolytes. When the protrusion completely enters the groove, the rotating rod cannot move, and the protrusion cannot be twisted and slide out, thereby fixing the rotating rod so that it cannot rotate, thereby stopping the circulation of the electrolyte;

[0035] Step 2: Dynamically control the charge and discharge process through the intelligent charge and discharge management module and monitor the SOC / SOH status of the battery stack;

[0036] Step 3: Energy exchange is achieved through a high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, and the system optimizes energy conversion in real time;

[0037] Step 4: Multi-level fault monitoring and protection modules detect system faults and respond quickly;

[0038] Step 5: Use the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module to collect data and perform cloud-based optimization analysis to achieve remote monitoring and maintenance.

[0039] The present invention provides a device and method for controlling the charge and discharge of a flow battery. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0040] 1. The present invention realizes precise control of electrolyte flow rate and flow rate through the synergistic effect of the circulation mechanism, the slow flow mechanism and the regulating mechanism, ensures uniform distribution of electrolyte in the fuel cell, effectively improves the efficiency of electrochemical reaction, reduces local concentration polarization phenomenon, and improves the charge and discharge performance and stability of the system.

[0041] 2. The present invention combines an intelligent charge and discharge management module with an efficient bidirectional power conversion module to achieve real-time SOC / SOH evaluation, staged charging, and dynamic load optimization, effectively extending battery life and improving energy utilization. At the same time, through dynamic ripple suppression, it improves energy transmission stability and meets the system's efficient operation requirements.

[0042] 3. The present invention realizes real-time identification and response of system faults through fault monitoring and rapid protection modules, ensuring the safe operation of the system; combined with remote intelligent monitoring and cloud-based optimization analysis, it improves the convenience and intelligence level of system operation and maintenance, reduces maintenance costs, and improves the overall reliability of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] Figure 1 A perspective view of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the structure of the groove of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inclined plate of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the return spring of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the motor of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the extrusion block of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 8 This is a system structure diagram of the present invention.

[0051] Among them, 10, circulation mechanism; 101, transport pump; 102, storage pipe; 103, connecting pipe; 104, container; 105, transformer; 20, slow flow mechanism; 201, sleeve; 202, rotating rod; 203, inclined plate; 204, return spring; 205, T-bar; 206, protrusion; 207, groove; 208, limit block; 30, adjustment mechanism; 301, housing; 302, synchronous wheel; 303, synchronous belt; 304, support rod; 305, motor; 306, turntable; 307, eccentric rod; 308, connecting rod belt; 309, connecting block; 310, extrusion block. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0052] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the specification of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field based on the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative efforts shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0053] See attached Figure 1 -Attached Figure 8 , an embodiment of the present invention provides a flow battery charge and discharge control device, comprising:

[0054] The circulation mechanism 10 is used to store and transport the positive and negative electrolytes and to achieve ion transfer using a diaphragm or ion exchange membrane to achieve charge and discharge operations. The circulation mechanism 10 achieves separation and efficient circulation of the positive and negative electrolytes through independent storage and transportation functions, avoiding self-discharge caused by electrolyte mixing, while improving the electrochemical reaction efficiency and ensuring the safety and efficiency of the liquid flow battery;

[0055] The slow flow mechanism 20 is arranged on the periphery of the circulation mechanism 10 and is used to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrolytes when they are continuously squeezed, thereby adjusting the battery charge and discharge efficiency. The slow flow mechanism 20 accurately controls the flow rate and flow rate of the electrolyte through physical adjustment, making the fluid circulation more uniform, reducing the risk of reduced electrochemical reaction efficiency of the battery stack due to flow rate fluctuations, and effectively avoiding local concentration polarization, thereby improving the overall performance of the liquid flow battery;

[0056] The regulating mechanism 30 is disposed outside the slow flow mechanism 20 and is used to automatically control the degree of compression applied to the slow flow mechanism 20, thereby automatically adjusting or stopping the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrolytes. The regulating mechanism 30 realizes automated control of the slow flow mechanism 20, which not only improves the response speed of electrolyte flow rate regulation but also enables the system to maintain an optimal flow rate distribution under different load conditions, significantly improving the charge and discharge efficiency and response flexibility of the flow battery;

[0057] Intelligent charge and discharge management module, which is used to dynamically control the charge and discharge process according to the state parameters of the flow battery. The intelligent charge and discharge management module can dynamically regulate the battery charge and discharge process, optimize energy utilization, extend the service life of the battery stack, effectively reduce overcharge and overdischarge, and improve the operational stability of the system;

[0058] The electrolyte circulation and management module is used to optimize and control the flow rate, flow velocity, and flow channel uniformity of the electrolyte. Through precise flow control and uniform distribution optimization, the electrolyte circulation and management module improves the reaction efficiency within the battery stack, reduces the risk of local failure, and significantly improves the stability and energy efficiency of the flow battery;

[0059] High-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, used to achieve efficient bidirectional conversion of flow battery energy. The high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module significantly improves energy conversion efficiency, while reducing system loss and noise by suppressing current ripple, ensuring efficient and stable operation of the flow battery;

[0060] Multi-level fault monitoring and protection module is used to monitor and quickly protect against faults during system operation. The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module provides real-time warnings and rapid responses to faults, preventing system damage and significantly improving operational safety and reliability.

[0061] The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module is used to realize the real-time collection, analysis and remote monitoring of system operation data. The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module realizes comprehensive monitoring and remote optimization analysis of the operating status of the flow battery, effectively reducing operation and maintenance costs while improving the operating efficiency of the equipment.

[0062] See attached Figure 1 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circulation mechanism 10 includes two sets of transport pumps 101, which are respectively used to transport positive and negative electrolytes. The input end of the transport pump 101 is fixedly connected to a storage tube 102 for storing electrolyte, and the output end of the transport pump 101 is fixedly connected to a connecting tube 103. A container 104 is fixedly connected between the two sets of connecting tubes 103. The connecting tube 103 plays a role in coordinating the transport of electrolyte, and the container 104 serves as an intermediate transition area for the flow of electrolyte to ensure uniform fluid distribution. The top of the container 104 is fixedly connected to a transformer 105 for adjusting voltage and current and cooperating with the system to complete energy transmission and conversion. The end of the storage tube 102 away from the transport pump 101 is fixedly connected to the outside of the container 104. This setting is used to achieve fluid reflux circulation. The circulation mechanism 10 independently controls the positive and negative electrolytes through the two sets of transport pumps 101, ensuring the stability of the electrolyte flow rate and improving the uniformity and efficiency of the electrochemical reaction inside the fuel cell stack.

[0063] See attached Figure 2 -Attached Figure 5In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the slow flow mechanism 20 includes two sets of sleeves 201, the sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to the middle part of the connecting pipe 103, the sleeve 201 is rotatably connected to the inside of the sleeve 201, and the outer side of the rotating rod 202 is fixedly connected to the inclined plate 203. The arrangement of the rotating rod 202 and the inclined plate 203 can affect the flow channel area of ​​the electrolyte and realize the adjustment of the flow rate. The interior of the rotating rod 202 is fixedly connected to a return spring 204, and the other end of the return spring 204 is fixedly connected to a T-shaped rod 205. The outer side of the T-shaped rod 205 is fixedly connected to a limit block 208, and the limit block 208 is slidably connected to the interior of the rotating rod 202, wherein the return spring 204 is used to provide a restoring force for the T-shaped rod 205, so that the T-shaped rod 205 returns to its initial position, while allowing the T-shaped rod 205 to slide in the rotating rod 202. At the same time, the limit block 208 is used to provide a limit for the T-bar 205, so that the T-bar 205 can only move in parallel and rotate with the rotation of the rotating rod 202. The T-bar 205 is fixedly connected to the side of the sleeve 201 with a protrusion 206, and a buffer pad is provided at the end of the protrusion 206 close to the groove 207. The outer side of the sleeve 201 is provided with a groove 207. The protrusion 206 and the groove 207 are plugged into each other. The cooperation between the protrusion 206 and the groove 207 can be used to buffer the initial connection, thereby reducing the flow rate and flow of the electrolyte. After the protrusion 206 and the groove 207 are fully connected, the rotating rod 202 can be restricted, thereby stopping the flow of the electrolyte. This mechanism effectively improves the fluid stability, reaction uniformity and overall system efficiency during the charging and discharging process of the liquid flow battery, and at the same time has good mechanical stability and operational reliability.

[0064] See attached Figure 5 -Attached Figure 7In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adjustment mechanism 30 includes a shell 301, which is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve 201. The inside of the shell 301 is rotatably connected to two sets of synchronous wheels 302. A synchronous belt 303 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the two sets of synchronous wheels 302. The synchronous belt 303 is used to make the two sets of synchronous wheels 302 run in conjunction with each other. The inside of the shell 301 is rotatably connected to a support rod 304. The synchronous belt 303 and the support rod 304 are in rolling contact. The outside of the shell 301 is fixedly connected to a motor 305. One of the synchronous wheels 302 is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor 305. The rotation of the motor 305 drives the synchronous wheel 302 and the synchronous belt 303 to move, thereby realizing power transmission. The outside of the synchronous wheel 302 is fixedly connected to a turntable 306. The other side of the turntable 306 is rotatably connected to an eccentric rod 307. 7 is provided with a connecting rod belt 308 on the periphery, and the connecting rod 308 is slidably connected to the inside of the shell 301. The outer side of the connecting rod belt 308 is fixedly connected to a connecting block 309, and the other end of the connecting block 309 is fixedly connected to an extrusion block 310. The extrusion block 310 is in contact with the T-bar 205. When the synchronous wheel 302 rotates, the turntable 306 can drive the eccentric rod 307 to rotate. The eccentric rod 307 realizes circular motion through rotation, thereby driving the connecting rod belt 308, the connecting block 309 and the extrusion block 310 to move, thereby squeezing the T-bar 205, so that the T-bar 205 applies an extrusion force to the slow flow mechanism 20, and finally regulates the flow rate of the electrolyte. The regulating mechanism 30 is driven by the motor 305 to realize automatic extrusion adjustment of the slow flow mechanism 20, so that the flow rate and flow of the electrolyte can be regulated in real time according to system requirements, thereby improving the dynamic response capability of the liquid flow battery.

[0065] See attached Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the intelligent charge and discharge management module includes:

[0066] The SOC / SOH real-time evaluation subunit is used to calculate the battery's state of charge (SOC) through coulomb counting and the state of health (SOH) based on the internal resistance characteristics of the battery stack. The SOC calculation is performed using the coulomb counting method, and the formula is as follows:

[0067]

[0068] in: :time State of charge; : initial state of charge; : Rated capacity of the battery (Ah); :time Current;

[0069] The SOC of the flow battery is affected by temperature changes and is compensated by the temperature correction formula:

[0070]

[0071] in: : Current stack temperature; : reference temperature; : Temperature correction coefficient, SOC / SOH real-time assessment subunit can accurately estimate the current state and health of the battery, providing data support for charge and discharge control;

[0072] The charge and discharge dynamic optimization subunit is used to achieve dynamic optimization of charge and discharge through staged charge control and real-time load adjustment. The staged charge control achieves a balance between fast charging and battery protection, shortening the charging time while effectively extending the battery life; real-time load adjustment enables the system to dynamically adapt to load changes, optimize energy output, and improve the energy utilization and charge and discharge efficiency of the flow battery; the current protection mechanism enhances system safety and prevents abnormal current from damaging the battery stack.

[0073] See attached Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the electrolyte circulation and management module includes:

[0074] The flow optimization control subunit is used to adopt a PID control strategy to adjust the electrolyte flow rate by real-time monitoring of the flow error. A high-precision flow sensor is arranged on the connecting pipe 103 where the positive and negative electrolytes flow to collect electrolyte flow data in real time. The sensor is connected to the PID controller;

[0075] Flow deviation calculation formula:

[0076]

[0077] in: : flow deviation; : Set target flow; : Real-time measured electrolyte flow rate;

[0078] The PID controller adjusts the electrolyte flow rate in real time according to the flow deviation, and realizes dynamic control by adjusting the flow rate of the transport pump 101. The PID control formula is as follows:

[0079]

[0080] in: : Proportional coefficient, used to adjust the flow rate according to the flow deviation; : Integral coefficient, corrects long-term flow deviation; : Differential coefficient, responding to the flow rate change trend, through the PID closed-loop control strategy, the electrolyte flow rate can be dynamically adjusted in real time to ensure that the flow rate matches the load demand of the battery stack, improve the charging and discharging efficiency, and avoid the energy waste caused by too high flow rate and the decrease in local reaction efficiency of the battery stack caused by too low flow rate;

[0081] The flow channel uniformity control subunit is used to optimize the distribution of the electrolyte in the flow channels inside the fuel cell stack to maximize the fuel cell reaction efficiency. The flow channel uniformity control effectively reduces the local concentration polarization phenomenon inside the fuel cell stack and improves the uniformity and efficiency of the electrochemical reaction. Through CFD simulation and dynamic flow rate distribution, it ensures that the electrolyte flow rate matches the fuel cell reaction requirements and optimizes energy output.

[0082] See attached Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module includes:

[0083] The bidirectional DC / DC converter subunit is used to achieve energy exchange between the battery and the load through a full-bridge bidirectional topology. The bidirectional DC / DC converter subunit adopts a full-bridge topology and consists of four high-frequency switching tubes (such as MOSFETs or SiC / GaN devices) and a central transformer. The full-bridge circuit has the ability to transmit energy in both directions. The specific structure is as follows:

[0084] Input: DC power output by the flow battery stack;

[0085] Transformer: used for energy coupling, providing voltage isolation and voltage conversion functions;

[0086] Output end: connect to load or energy storage unit to achieve bidirectional charging and discharging;

[0087] Discharge mode (battery → load): The DC power provided by the flow battery stack is switched by the switch tube of the full-bridge converter, converted into high-frequency AC power, and then coupled through the central transformer and rectified into DC power for output to the load.

[0088] Charging mode (load → battery): DC power from the external load or energy storage unit is rectified and reverse-coupled with the transformer, and then reversely charges the flow battery through the switching tube of the full-bridge circuit;

[0089] High-frequency switching devices reduce power loss during energy conversion and improve the overall efficiency and power density of the system;

[0090] The current ripple suppression subunit is used to reduce current ripple by dynamically adjusting the filter parameters. The filter inductor LLL and capacitor CCC are connected in series at the output end of the DC / DC converter to form an LC filter to suppress current ripple:

[0091]

[0092] in: : current ripple amplitude; : Input DC voltage; : duty cycle; : filter inductance value; : Switching frequency, the output current ripple amplitude is monitored in real time through the current sensor, and the intelligent control module dynamically adjusts the filter parameters according to the ripple amplitude to form an adaptive feedback control system.

[0093] See attached Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the multi-level fault monitoring and protection module includes:

[0094] The fault detection subunit is used to identify stack short circuit, overheating, or electrolyte leakage faults by calculating the sum of squared residual errors (SPE). Using the SPE algorithm, the fault detection subunit can identify faults such as stack short circuit, overheating, and electrolyte leakage in real time with high precision and early warning capabilities. Multi-parameter monitoring and data analysis ensure the accuracy of fault identification, avoid misjudgment, and ensure stable system operation.

[0095] The fast protection subunit is used to quickly cut off the charging and discharging circuit when a fault occurs. The fast protection subunit can quickly cut off the charging and discharging circuit when a fault occurs, with a short response time, preventing the fault from further spreading and protecting the safety of the battery stack and the system. Through the combined protection of high-speed circuit breakers and relays, multiple protections at the hardware level are achieved, enhancing the reliability and safety of the system.

[0096] See attached Figure 8 In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module includes:

[0097] The data acquisition and communication subunit is used to remotely transmit system operating data via the NB-IoT communication protocol. This subunit enables comprehensive real-time monitoring and remote transmission of system operating status, ensuring seamless synchronization of system operating data between the cloud and the local control system. The use of NB-IoT technology reduces communication energy consumption while improving the stability and coverage of data transmission, adapting to remote operation and maintenance requirements under complex working conditions.

[0098] The cloud-based optimization subunit is used to predict battery life and optimize control strategies based on big data analysis. It uses a prediction model based on time series analysis and machine learning to assess the remaining service life of the battery stack:

[0099]

[0100] in: : Remaining service life of the battery stack; : The change of battery state of charge over time; : The decay rate of SOC over time; combined with temperature, flow and current data, the operating load of the battery stack is dynamically adjusted to extend the system life. The control strategy optimization based on big data analysis makes the charge and discharge management more intelligent, dynamically adapts to different load requirements, improves the overall energy efficiency of the system, and at the same time extends the service life of the system and improves the reliability of the equipment.

[0101] The method for using a flow battery charge and discharge control device described below can be referenced to the flow battery charge and discharge control device described above.

[0102] The present invention also provides a method for using a flow battery charge and discharge control device, comprising the following steps:

[0103] Step 1: When in use, the positive and negative electrolytes are transported to the container 104 by starting the transport pump 101 and circulating at the same time, thereby performing the discharge process. The synchronous wheel 302 is rotated by driving the motor 305 and in cooperation with the synchronous belt 303. When the synchronous wheel 302 rotates, the turntable 306 is driven to rotate. At this time, the eccentric rod 307 set eccentrically can drive the connecting rod belt 308 to translate when the turntable 306 rotates, so that the connecting block 309 and the extrusion block 310 squeeze the T-bar 205, so that the T-bar 205 compresses the return spring 204, and at the same time The depth of the protrusion 206 entering the groove 207 is controlled. At this time, when the water flow hits the inclined plate 203 and causes the rotating rod 202 to rotate, the arc set at the front end of the protrusion 206 can cause the protrusion 206 to twist and slide out of the current groove 207 and fall into the next groove 207, thereby controlling the flow rate and flow of the positive and negative electrolytes. When the protrusion 206 completely enters the groove 207, the rotating rod 202 cannot move, and the protrusion 206 cannot be twisted and slid out, thereby fixing the rotating rod 202 and preventing it from rotating, thereby stopping the circulation of the electrolyte;

[0104] Step 2: Dynamically control the charge and discharge process through the intelligent charge and discharge management module and monitor the SOC / SOH status of the battery stack;

[0105] Step 3: Energy exchange is achieved through a high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, and the system optimizes energy conversion in real time;

[0106] Step 4: Multi-level fault monitoring and protection modules detect system faults and respond quickly;

[0107] Step 5: Use the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module to collect data and perform cloud-based optimization analysis to achieve remote monitoring and maintenance.

[0108] The method of this embodiment can be used to execute the above-mentioned device embodiment. Its principles and technical effects are similar and will not be described in detail here.

[0109] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device, characterized in that: include: A circulation mechanism (10) is used for storing and transporting positive and negative electrolytes, and is also used for realizing ion transfer by using a diaphragm or an ion exchange membrane, thereby realizing charge and discharge operations. The circulation mechanism (10) comprises two groups of transport pumps (101), the input end of the transport pump (101) is fixedly connected to a storage pipe (102), the output end of the transport pump (101) is fixedly connected to a connecting pipe (103), a container (104) is fixedly connected between the two groups of connecting pipes (103), a transformer (105) is fixedly connected to the top of the container (104), and one end of the storage pipe (102) away from the transport pump (101) is fixedly connected to the outside of the container (104); A slow flow mechanism (20) is provided on the periphery of the circulation mechanism (10) and is used to adjust the flow rate and flow rate of the positive and negative electrolytes when continuously squeezed, thereby adjusting the battery charge and discharge efficiency. The slow flow mechanism (20) comprises two sets of sleeves (201), the sleeves (201) are fixedly connected to the middle of the connecting pipe (103), the sleeves (201) are rotatably connected to a rotating rod (202) inside, the outer side of the rotating rod (202) is fixedly connected to an inclined plate (203), and the inner side of the rotating rod (202) is fixedly connected to the inner side of the rotating rod (202). A return spring (204) is connected, the other end of the return spring (204) is fixedly connected to a T-shaped rod (205), the outer side of the T-shaped rod (205) is fixedly connected to a limit block (208), the limit block (208) is slidably connected to the inside of the rotating rod (202), the T-shaped rod (205) is fixedly connected to a protrusion (206) on the side close to the sleeve (201), the outer side of the sleeve (201) is provided with a groove (207), and the protrusion (206) and the groove (207) are plugged into and matched with each other; The regulating mechanism (30) is arranged on the outside of the slow flow mechanism (20) and is used to automatically control the degree of extrusion of the slow flow mechanism (20), thereby automatically regulating or stopping the flow rate and flow of the positive and negative electrolytes. The regulating mechanism (30) includes a shell (301), the shell (301) is fixedly connected to the outside of the sleeve (201), the shell (301) is internally rotatably connected to two sets of synchronous wheels (302), the outer peripheries of the two sets of synchronous wheels (302) are sleeved with a synchronous belt (303), the shell (301) is internally rotatably connected to a support rod (304), the synchronous belt (303) and the support rod (304) are in rolling contact, and the shell (301) is internally rotatably connected to the support rod (304). ) is fixedly connected to the outside of the housing (301) with a motor (305), one of the synchronous wheels (302) is fixedly connected to the output end of the motor (305), a turntable (306) is fixedly connected to the outside of the synchronous wheel (302), an eccentric rod (307) is rotatably connected to the other side of the turntable (306), a connecting rod belt (308) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the eccentric rod (307), the connecting rod belt (308) is slidably connected to the inside of the housing (301), a connecting block (309) is fixedly connected to the outside of the connecting rod belt (308), the other end of the connecting block (309) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (310), and the extrusion block (310) is in contact with the T-bar (205); Intelligent charge and discharge management module, used to dynamically control the charge and discharge process according to the state parameters of the flow battery; Electrolyte circulation and management module, used to optimize and control the flow rate, flow velocity and flow channel uniformity of the electrolyte; High-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, used to achieve efficient bidirectional conversion of flow battery energy; Multi-level fault monitoring and protection module, used for real-time monitoring and rapid protection of faults during system operation; Remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module is used to realize real-time collection, analysis and remote monitoring of system operation data.

2. A flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent charge and discharge management module includes: SOC / SOH real-time assessment subunit, used to calculate the battery's state of charge (SOC) through coulomb counting and the state of health (SOH) based on the stack's internal resistance characteristics; The charge and discharge dynamic optimization subunit is used to achieve dynamic optimization of charge and discharge through staged charge control and real-time load adjustment.

3. A flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electrolyte circulation and management module includes: The flow optimization control subunit is used to adjust the electrolyte flow rate by adopting a PID control strategy and monitoring the flow error in real time; The flow channel uniformity control subunit is used to optimize the distribution of electrolyte in the flow channel inside the fuel cell stack to maximize the reaction efficiency of the fuel cell stack.

4. A flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module includes: A bidirectional DC / DC converter subunit for energy exchange between the battery and the load using a full-bridge bidirectional topology; The current ripple suppression subunit is used to reduce the current ripple by dynamically adjusting the filter parameters.

5. A flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-level fault monitoring and protection module includes: A fault detection subunit, used to identify stack short circuit, overheating or electrolyte leakage faults by calculating the sum of squared residual errors (SPE); The fast protection subunit is used to quickly cut off the charge and discharge circuit when a fault occurs.

6. A flow battery charge and discharge control device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module includes: Data acquisition and communication subunit, used to achieve remote transmission of system operation data through NB-IoT communication protocol; The cloud-based optimization subunit is used to predict battery life and optimize control strategies based on big data analysis.

7. A method for using a flow battery charge and discharge control device, characterized in that: Using a liquid flow battery charge and discharge control device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: Step 1: When in use, the transport pump (101) is started to transport the positive and negative electrolytes into the container (104) and circulate them at the same time, thereby performing a discharge process. The synchronous wheel (302) is rotated by driving the motor (305) and in cooperation with the synchronous belt (303). When the synchronous wheel (302) rotates, the turntable (306) is driven to rotate. At this time, the eccentric rod (307) arranged eccentrically can drive the connecting rod belt (308) to translate when the turntable (306) rotates, so that the connecting block (309) and the extrusion block (310) squeeze the T-bar (205), so that the T-bar (205) compresses the reset spring (204). , and at the same time controlling the depth of the protrusion (206) entering the groove (207). At this time, when the water flow hits the inclined plate (203) and causes the rotating rod (202) to rotate, the arc set at the front end of the protrusion (206) can cause the protrusion (206) to twist and slide out of the current groove (207) and fall into the next groove (207), thereby controlling the flow rate and flow of the positive and negative electrolytes. When the protrusion (206) completely enters the groove (207), the rotating rod (202) cannot move, and the protrusion (206) cannot be twisted and slid out, thereby fixing the rotating rod (202) and preventing it from rotating, thereby stopping the circulation of the electrolyte; Step 2: Dynamically control the charge and discharge process through the intelligent charge and discharge management module and monitor the SOC / SOH status of the battery stack; Step 3: Energy exchange is achieved through a high-efficiency bidirectional power conversion module, and the system optimizes energy conversion in real time; Step 4: Multi-level fault monitoring and protection modules detect system faults and respond quickly; Step 5: Use the remote intelligent monitoring and operation and maintenance module to collect data and perform cloud-based optimization analysis to achieve remote monitoring and maintenance.

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