Dialyzer and dialysis device

Abstract

The invention relates to a dialyzer for extracorporeal blood treatment, comprising: an elongated dialyzer housing; and at least one dialysis membrane dividing the inside of the dialyzer housing into a dialysate chamber having a dialysate supply connection and a dialysate discharge connection and a blood chamber having a blood supply connection and a blood discharge connection. The dialyzer has a further ventilation outlet for ventilating the blood chamber, which is formed on the dialyzer housing or in the vicinity of the end face thereof. The further ventilation outlet is provided in the blood discharge connection with respect to the direction of blood flow between an outlet region of the blood discharge connection and the dialysate supply connection. The invention also relates to a corresponding dialysis device having a ventilation outlet arranged on a dialyzer housing or on a hose connected to a blood discharge connection.

Description

[0001] This application is a divisional application of Chinese National Phase Application No. 202080016892.8, which is the Chinese national phase application of International Application No. PCT / EP2020 / 054736 with a filing date of February 24, 2020. Technical Field

[0002] The invention relates to a dialyzer for extracorporeal blood treatment, comprising: an elongate dialyzer housing; at least one dialysis membrane that divides the interior space of the dialyzer housing into a dialysate chamber provided with two dialysate ports and a blood chamber provided with two blood ports. The invention also relates to a dialysis device comprising such a dialyzer. Background Art

[0003] Known dialyzers typically have four ports through which the dialyzer can be connected on the one hand to a dialyzer machine pipeline system and on the other hand to an extracorporeal blood system connected to a patient. The aforementioned ports are divided into: two ports for connection to the extracorporeal blood system or blood circulation, through which blood to be purified is conveyed to and from the dialyzer, and which are hereinafter also referred to as the blood supply port and the blood discharge port; and two ports for connection to the dialyzer, through which dialysate is conveyed to and from the dialyzer, and which are hereinafter also referred to as the dialysate supply port and the dialysate discharge port.

[0004] Before starting a blood treatment method, it is necessary to fill (so-called priming) the extracorporeal blood circulation including the dialyzer filter with a liquid in order to remove the air present in the extracorporeal circuit. A saline solution is mainly used for this purpose. Alternatively, ultrapure dialysate is also used, especially in so-called online machines having two dialysate filters and directly connected to a central dialysate supply device. When filling with a saline solution, a pre-filled bag containing the saline solution is manually connected to the arterial blood hose end. Then the blood pump of the dialyzer machine pumps the liquid through the extracorporeal blood circuit. The saline solution is finally discharged at the venous end of the blood hose. When a sufficient amount of liquid has circulated, the extracorporeal circuit is filled and thus ready for blood treatment.

[0005] When filling the blood side of the dialyzer, the air must be replaced with dialysate or a saline solution. During this process, many individual bubbles escape, and these bubbles must be flushed out from inside the fibers of the dialyzer. Various methods are used to remove this air. For example, the dialyzer can be manually rotated, tapped, or pressure fluctuations can be generated in an automatic preparation program. The escaping air enters the outlet-side blood hose of the dialyzer and is separated only in the venous drip chamber, resulting in an undesired decrease in the liquid level. This decrease in the liquid level must be corrected in a further step. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The object of the present invention is to provide a dialyzer or a dialysis machine that enables a simpler, faster, and / or more reliable preparation before blood treatment.

[0007] A dialyzer for extracorporeal blood treatment according to the present invention comprises an elongate, preferably cylindrical, dialyzer housing and at least one dialysis membrane. The dialysis membrane divides the interior space of the dialyzer housing into a dialysate chamber provided with two dialysate ports (a dialysate supply port and a dialysate discharge port) and a blood chamber provided with two blood ports (a blood supply port and a blood discharge port). The dialysate ports are specifically designed as Hansen connectors, and the blood ports are specifically designed as Luer connectors or glued to a blood hose system.

[0008] The dialyzer further has an additional ventilation outlet for ventilating the blood chamber, which is formed on the dialyzer housing or near its end face. Preferably, the ventilation outlet can be closed by a breathable ventilation membrane. Specifically, this ventilation membrane can be formed to be waterproof (hydrophobic). When the blood chamber is filled with an aqueous liquid, the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane allows the air previously present in the blood chamber to escape until the liquid completely fills the blood chamber. The different permeabilities of the ventilation membrane with respect to air and the aqueous liquid are achieved by the size of the pores provided in the ventilation membrane. Preferably, the diameter of these pores is less than or equal to 0.2 μm, such that the ventilation membrane simultaneously serves as a sterile barrier to prevent bacteria from entering the blood. Specifically, the dialyzer can be configured such that no membrane (specifically no dialysis membrane) is provided. Specifically, the dialyzer can be designed such that no membrane (fluid mechanically or along the flow line) is provided between the additional ventilation outlet and the blood chamber or between the ventilation membrane of the additional ventilation outlet and the blood chamber (specifically the dialysis membrane).

[0009] The provision of the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane enables air to escape directly from the blood chamber into the environment of the dialyzer. This direct escape of air shortens the flow path of the escaping air, thereby reducing the likelihood that individual dissolved air bubbles will adhere to other surface areas when flushing out. In addition, the shortened flow path results in a more rapid air removal. Finally, the drop in the liquid level in the venous drip chamber is at least reduced, such that the correction of this liquid level will take at least less time.

[0010] The ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane is arranged between the outlet region of the blood discharge port and the dialysate supply port with respect to the blood flow direction in the blood discharge port.

[0011] When preparing a dialysis device for blood treatment, the blood circulation is first filled with liquid and the dialysate circulation is then filled with liquid. This means that during the filling of the blood flow, air can also escape from the blood circulation or the blood chamber into the dialysis circuit or the dialysate chamber via a semipermeable dialysis membrane, which is impermeable to larger protein molecules (such as albumin) but permeable to aqueous solutions and air. However, this is especially true for air or gas bubbles in the blood chamber between the blood supply port and the dialysate supply port. In order to also remove the gas bubbles between the outlet area of ​​the dialysate supply port and the blood discharge port as quickly and reliably as possible, it is advantageous to provide a ventilation outlet or a ventilation membrane in this area of ​​the blood chamber.

[0012] The dialyzer housing according to the present invention may have a dialyzer cap on which a ventilation outlet or a ventilation membrane is provided. A known dialyzer has a housing having a central hollow cylindrical portion and two dialyzer caps each arranged at the end of the hollow cylindrical portion. If the ventilation membrane is arranged on at least one of the dialyzer caps, it may be advantageous to continue to use the tool for making the hollow cylindrical portion. The dialyzer can also be easily adjusted by only changing the dialyzer cap according to the expected orientation of the dialyzer during operation in the dialysis device.

[0013] A ventilation outlet or a ventilation membrane may be provided at the blood discharge port. In other words, the ventilation outlet may branch from the nozzle of the blood discharge port. If a ventilation outlet or a ventilation membrane is provided at the end of the blood side of the dialyzer in the direction of blood flow, the air present in the blood chamber can be almost completely removed before filling.

[0014] The dialyzer housing can be provided with a ventilation nozzle, to which a closure for the airtight sealing of the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane can be attached. With this ventilation nozzle, the position of the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane can be advantageously displayed to the person installing the dialyzer on the dialysis device. By attaching a closure, for example in the form of a Luer cap, any pathogens can be prevented from entering after the dialysis device has been primed.

[0015] The ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane may be formed so as to annularly surround the blood discharge port.Therefore, regardless of the orientation of the dialyzer about the extension axis of the blood discharge port, a constant mass of air can be ensured to be removed from the dialyzer.

[0016] The ventilation membrane may have at least a double-layer design. A first layer of the ventilation membrane, in particular facing the blood chamber or the blood chamber interior, may be formed so as to be hydrophobic, and a second layer of the ventilation membrane, in particular facing away from the blood chamber or the environment, may be formed as a sterile barrier. In particular, the first layer may be spaced apart from the second layer. By means of this double design, the ventilation membrane can be easily optimized with respect to its water-tightness on the one hand and with respect to its sterile barrier properties on the other hand.

[0017] Specifically, the first layer of the ventilation membrane may have larger pores and a smaller surface area than the second layer of the ventilation membrane. In other words, the surface area of the second layer may be greater than the surface area of the first layer. Specifically, the pores of the first layer and the pores of the second layer may overlap. If the surface area of the second layer, which serves as a sterile barrier, is formed to be larger than the first layer responsible for water impermeability, then despite the smaller pores in the second layer, high-pressure loss can be avoided.

[0018] The present invention also relates to a dialysis device provided with a dialyzer according to the present invention.

[0019] The dialyzer may be attached to the dialysis device such that when the dialysis device is ready for operation, the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane is arranged to be at least partially above the dialysate supply port in the direction of the acceleration due to gravity.

[0020] As described above, the air bubbles present in the blood chamber between the blood supply port and the dialysate supply port before perfusion can also escape through the dialysis membrane. In order to also remove the air bubbles located between the dialysate supply port and the outlet area of the blood discharge port, it is advantageous to provide a ventilation membrane in this area of the blood chamber.

[0021] The dialyzer may be attached to the dialysis device such that when the dialysis device is ready for operation, the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane is arranged to be at least partially above the blood chamber in the direction of the acceleration due to gravity.

[0022] If the ventilation outlet or the ventilation membrane is at least partially positioned above the blood chamber, air can be removed almost completely from the blood chamber at least.

[0023] Alternatively, the dialysis device according to the present invention may also include a general dialyzer for extracorporeal blood treatment, which is provided with an elongated, preferably cylindrical dialyzer housing; at least one dialysis membrane that divides the internal space of the dialyzer housing into a dialysate chamber provided with a dialysate supply port and a dialysate discharge port and a blood chamber provided with a blood supply port and a blood discharge port. The dialysis device equipped in this way is characterized by a waterproof and breathable ventilation membrane, which forms at least a part of the surrounding wall of the blood drainage hose. Therefore, when the blood chamber is filled with liquid, the air that was previously present in the blood chamber can escape through the ventilation membrane until the blood chamber is completely filled with liquid. The ventilation membrane of the dialysis device according to the present invention has pores with a diameter preferably less than or equal to 0.2 μm so as to be able to serve as a sterile barrier.

[0024] If the ventilation membrane is located in the surrounding wall of the blood discharge hose connected to the dialyzer, improved ventilation of the conventional dialyzer can be achieved.

[0025] The dialysis device according to the present invention can be designed such that the corresponding dialyzer is attached to the dialysis device so that the liquid transported through the blood chamber flows diametrically opposite to the acceleration due to gravity. In other words, the dialyzer can be attached to the dialysis device such that it extends in the vertical direction when the dialysis device is vertically mounted on a horizontal plane.

[0026] If the buoyancy of the bubbles in the blood chamber in the earth's gravitational field is used to remove the bubbles from the water, more reliable and faster air removal can be achieved.

[0027] Alternatively, the dialyzer can also be attached to the dialysis device such that the liquid transported through the blood chamber flows perpendicular to the acceleration due to gravity. In other words, the dialyzer can be attached to the dialysis device such that it extends in the horizontal direction when the dialysis device is vertically mounted on a horizontal plane. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings using preferred exemplary embodiments, in which:

[0029] Figure 1 A perspective schematic view of a general dialysis device having a vertically arranged dialyzer is shown;

[0030] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the dialyzer according to the present invention according to a first embodiment is shown;

[0031] Figure 3 is Figure 2 A detailed view of the blood outlet side of the shown dialyzer;

[0032] Figure 4 is a detailed view of the blood outlet side of the dialyzer according to the present invention according to a second embodiment corresponding to Figure 3 ;

[0033] Figure 5 is a detailed view of the blood outlet side and a front view of the dialyzer according to the present invention according to a third embodiment corresponding to Figure 3 ;

[0034] Figure 6 A perspective schematic view of a general dialysis device having a horizontally arranged dialyzer is shown;

[0035] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the dialyzer according to the present invention according to a fourth embodiment is shown;

[0036] Figure 8 is Figure 7 A detailed view of the blood outlet side of the shown dialyzer; and

[0037] Figure 9is a detailed view of the blood outlet side of the dialyzer of the present invention corresponding to the fifth embodiment Figure 3 of the present invention.

[0038] Identical or functionally equivalent features are provided with the same reference numerals in the respective figures, wherein the reference numerals of the second, third, fourth, and fifth embodiments are marked with...',...",...'" and...""". Detailed Description of the Invention

[0039] The general dialysis device 2; 2'; 2"; 2""" has peristaltic pumps 4; 4'; 4"; 4""" for pumping blood and dialysate on the front side. The dialyzer 6; 6'; 6"; 6""" is disposed near the pumps 4; 4'; 4"; 4""". During operation, the dialyzer 6; 6'; 6"; 6""" is connected to the dialysis device 2; 2'; 2"; 2""" on the one hand and to the patient via a (not shown) hose on the other hand. One of the pumps 4; 4'; 4"; 4""" delivers the blood to be purified to the dialyzer 6; 6'; 6"; 6""". The other of the two pumps 4; 4'; 4"; 4""" delivers the dialysate to the dialyzer 6; 6'; 6"; 6""". To be able to operate the dialysis device 2; 2'; 2"; 2""", a monitor 8; 8'; 8"; 8""", preferably implemented as a touch screen, is provided on the front side of the dialysis device. To ensure that the dialysis device 2; 2'; 2"; 2""" has a stable and upright position in the horizontal plane, the dialysis device has a base portion 10; 10'; 10'"; 10""" on the lower side. Also for easy transportation, casters 12; 12'; 12"; 12""" are provided on the lower side of the base portion 10; 10'; 10"; 10""". With Figure 1 the dialysis device 2; 2'; 2"; 2""" shown, the dialyzer 6; 6'; 6"; 6""" is mounted vertically. As Figure 6 shown, the dialysis machine 2'" can also be designed such that the dialyzer 6'" extends horizontally.

[0040] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of the dialyzer 6 of the present invention according to the first embodiment is shown. The dialyzer 6 has a dialyzer housing 14, which can be divided into a cap-shaped blood inlet dialyzer cap 16, a substantially cylindrical, specifically cylindrical, dialysate section 18, and a likewise cap-shaped blood outlet dialyzer cap 20.

[0041] The hollow fiber bundle section 22 is embedded in the dialysate section 18 of the dialyzer housing 14. The hollow fiber bundle section 22 is formed by a first, specifically circular, hollow fiber bundle mount 24, in which one end of the hollow fibers 26 is potted. The hollow fiber bundle consists of hollow fibers 26 arranged parallel to each other and is formed by a second, specifically circular, hollow fiber bundle mount 28, in which the other end of the hollow fibers 26 is potted. The hollow fiber filter module 22 is thus potted at the ends, mounted with potting material, and, if necessary, cut off at both ends after potting so that any accidentally blocked hollow fibers 26 can be accessed again. The surrounding wall of a single hollow fiber 26 represents the dialysis membrane 30. The dialysis membrane 30 has pores sized such that the dialysis membrane 30 is permeable to water but not to larger protein molecules (such as albumin).

[0042] The dialysate section 18 of the dialyzer housing 14 extends around the space of the hollow fiber bundle section 22 spanning between the two hollow fiber bundle mounts 24 and 28. The dialysate section 18 specifically has a shell-shaped cylindrical shape. The space between the hollow fibers 26 surrounded by the two hollow fiber bundle mounts 24 and 28 and the dialysate section 18 of the dialyzer housing 4 corresponds to the dialysate chamber 32.

[0043] The cap-shaped blood inlet dialyzer cap 16 of the dialyzer housing 14 is arranged or attached to the first hollow fiber bundle mount 24 on the side facing away from the hollow fiber bundle section 22 such that a blood distribution space 34 can be defined between the blood inlet dialyzer cap 16 and the first hollow fiber bundle mount 24.

[0044] The cap-shaped blood outlet dialyzer cap 20 of the dialyzer housing 14 is arranged or attached to the second hollow fiber bundle mount 28 on the side facing away from the hollow fiber bundle section 22 such that a blood collection space 36 can be defined between the blood outlet dialyzer cap 20 and the second hollow fiber bundle mount 28.

[0045] The blood distribution space 34, the space inside the hollow fibers 26, and the blood collection space 36 together correspond to the blood chamber 38 of the dialyzer 6.

[0046] A blood supply port 40 for supplying blood (see the arrow “Bi” in Figure 2 ) is provided on the blood inlet dialyzer cap 16 of the dialyzer housing 14. A blood discharge port 42 for discharging blood (see the arrow “Bo” in Figure 2 ) is provided on the blood outlet dialyzer cap 20 of the dialyzer housing 14. Near the second hollow fiber bundle mount 28, a dialysate supply port 44 for supplying dialysate to the dialysate chamber 32 (seeFigure 2 The arrow “Di” in Figure 2 is provided on the dialysate section 18 of the dialyzer housing 14. Near the first hollow fiber bundle mount 24, a dialysate discharge port 46 for discharging dialysate (see Figure 2 The arrow “Do” in Figure 2 is provided on the dialysate section 18 of the dialyzer housing 14.

[0047] As Figure 3 shown in more detail, the blood outlet dialyzer cap 20 has a ventilation outlet 48. The ventilation outlet 48 has the shape of a nozzle or a hollow cylinder and extends on an angled axis Ee that is inclined towards the blood discharge port 42 with respect to the extension direction Ed of the dialyzer 6. The mouth 50 of the ventilation outlet 48 is adjacent to the mouth 52 of the blood discharge port 42. A ventilation membrane 54 is provided inside the ventilation outlet 48, and the ventilation membrane 54 closes a channel 56 that extends along its extension direction Ee inside the ventilation outlet 48 in a gas-permeable and waterproof manner.

[0048] Figure 2 and Figure 3 The dialyzer 6 shown in Figure 3 is intended to be vertically attached to the dialysis device 2 in such a way that the blood supply port 40 is at the bottom and the blood discharge port 42 is at the top.

[0049] To remove the air present in the blood chamber 38 before blood treatment, the blood discharge port 42 or a hose (not shown) attached to the blood discharge port 42 is closed or clamped, and a saline solution is supplied to the blood chamber 38 via the blood supply port 40. By filling the blood chamber 38 with the saline solution, the air previously present in the blood chamber 38 is gradually released from the blood chamber 38 via the ventilation outlet 48 (see Figure 2 The arrow “Ao” in Figure 2 ). Before reaching the second hollow fiber bundle 28, most of the air also moves into the dialysate chamber 32 via the dialysis membrane 30. Once the level of the saline solution has reached the second hollow fiber bundle mount 28, most of the air is discharged via the ventilation outlet 48. Once the level of the saline solution has exceeded the ventilation membrane 54, the air is no longer discharged via displacement but only via diffusion.

[0050] Compared with the first embodiment, in order to remove a larger portion of the air present in the blood chamber 38 via faster displacement, in accordance with as Figure 4In the case of the dialyzer 6' of the second embodiment shown, the ventilation outlet 48' is arranged closer to the outlet region 58'. The mouth 50' of the ventilation outlet 48' thus only contacts the channel 60' extending inside the blood discharge port 42. In order for the longitudinal dimension of the dialyzer 6' according to the second embodiment not to be greater than the longitudinal dimension of the dialyzer 6 according to the first embodiment, the ventilation outlet 48' is designed in the form of a nozzle or a hollow cylinder, which extends on an axis Ee' arranged at a right angle to the extension direction Ed' of the dialyzer 6'. Similar to the ventilation outlet 6 according to the first embodiment, the ventilation outlet 6'' according to the second embodiment also has a ventilation membrane 54', which closes the channel 56' extending along its extension direction Ee' inside the ventilation outlet 48' in a gas-permeable and waterproof manner.

[0051] According to Figure 5 In the third embodiment of the dialyzer 6'' shown, the ventilation outlet 48'' can be formed on the blood outlet dialyzer cap 20'', such that it extends annularly around the blood discharge port 42''. To ensure the structural integrity of the blood outlet dialyzer cap 20'', the annular ventilation outlet 48'' can also be formed by a number of ventilation outlets (not shown) arranged annularly around the blood discharge port 42', or a web (not shown) for bridging the corresponding annular groove can be provided in the ventilation outlet 48''. The ventilation membrane 54'' is provided in the ventilation outlet 48''.

[0052] Figure 7 and Figure 8 shows a dialyzer 6''' according to the fourth embodiment. The dialyzer 6''' is intended to be horizontally attached to the dialysis device 2, as Figure 6 shown. The ventilation outlet 48''', provided with the ventilation membrane 54''', is arranged at the edge of the blood outlet dialyzer cap 20'''. This ensures that when the horizontally mounted dialyzer 6''' is filled, the ventilation membrane 54''' is wetted as late as possible.

[0053] Figure 9 shows a general dialyzer 6'''. A hose 62''' is connected to the blood discharge port 42''' of the dialyzer 6''', and the hose has a ventilation outlet 48''', where the ventilation membrane 54''' is near the blood discharge port 42'''.

[0054] List of reference numerals

[0055] 2, 2‘, 2“, 2“‘, 2““ dialysis device

[0056] 4, 4‘, 4“, 4“‘, 4““ peristaltic pump

[0057] 6, 6‘, 6“, 6“‘, 6““ dialyzer

[0058] 8, 8‘, 8“, 8“‘, 8““ monitors

[0059] 10, 10‘, 10“, 10“‘, 10““ base parts

[0060] 12, 12‘, 12“, 12“‘, 12““ casters

[0061] 14, 14‘, 14“, 14“‘, 14““ dialyzer housing

[0062] 16, 16“‘ blood inlet dialyzer cap

[0063] 18, 18‘, 18“, 18“‘, 18““ dialysate section

[0064] 20, 20‘, 20“, 20“‘, 20““ blood outlet dialyzer cap

[0065] 22, 22‘, 22“, 22“‘, 22““ hollow fiber bundle section

[0066] 24, 24“‘ first hollow fiber bundle mount

[0067] 26, 26‘, 26“, 26“‘, 26““ hollow fibers

[0068] 28, 28‘, 28“, 28“‘, 28““ second hollow fiber bundle mount

[0069] 30, 30‘, 30“, 30“‘, 30““ dialysis membrane

[0070] 32, 32‘, 32“, 32“‘, 32““ dialysate chamber

[0071] 34, 34“‘ blood distribution space

[0072] 36, 36‘, 36“, 36“‘, 36““ blood collection space

[0073] 38, 38‘, 38“, 38“‘, 38““ blood chamber

[0074] 40, 40“‘ blood supply port

[0075] 42, 42‘, 42“, 42“‘, 42““ blood discharge port

[0076] 44, 44‘, 44“, 44“‘, 44““ dialysate supply port

[0077] 46, 46“‘ dialysate discharge port

[0078] 48, 48‘, 48“, 48“‘, 48““ ventilation outlet

[0079] The mouths of the 50, 50‘, 50“, 50“‘, 50““ ventilation outlets

[0080] The mouths of the 52, 52‘, 52“, 52“‘, 52““ blood discharge ports

[0081] The 54, 54‘, 54“, 54“‘, 54““ ventilation membranes

[0082] The channels in the 56, 56‘, 56“, 56“‘, 56““ ventilation channels

[0083] The outlet areas of the 58, 58‘, 58“, 58“‘, 58““ blood discharge ports

[0084] The channels in the 60, 60‘, 60“, 60“‘, 60““ blood discharge ports

[0085] The 62““ hose connected to the discharge port

[0086] The airflows Ao, Ao‘, Ao“, Ao“‘, Ao““ leaving the ventilation outlets

[0087] The flows Bi, Bi“‘ entering the blood chamber

[0088] The flows Bo, Bo‘, Bo“, Bo“‘, Bo““ leaving the blood chamber

[0089] The flows Di, Di‘, Di“, Di“‘, Di““ entering the dialysate chamber

[0090] The flow Do, Do“‘ leaving the dialysate chamber

[0091] The extension axes Ed, Ed‘, Ed“, Ed“‘, Ed““ of the dialyzer

[0092] The extension axes Ee, Ee‘, Ee“‘, Ee““ of the ventilation outlets

[0093] The direction G of the acceleration due to gravity

Claims

1. A dialysis device for extracorporeal blood treatment, comprising - a dialyzer (6““), - an elongate dialyzer housing (14““), - at least one dialysis membrane (30““) that divides an interior space of the dialyzer housing (14““) into: a dialysate chamber (32““) provided with a dialysate supply port (44““) and a dialysate discharge port; and a blood chamber (38““) provided with a blood supply port and a blood discharge port (42““), characterized in that A waterproof and breathable ventilation membrane (54""), the ventilation membrane forming at least a part of the surrounding wall of a hose (62"") connected to the blood discharge port (42""), such that when the blood chamber (38"") is filled with liquid, any air already present in the blood chamber (38"") can escape through the ventilation membrane (54"") until the liquid completely fills the blood chamber (38"").

2. The dialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dialyzer (6; 6'; 6"; 6"") is attached to the dialysis device such that the liquid conveyed through the blood chamber (38; 38‘; 38"; 38"") flows diametrically against the acceleration due to gravity (G).

3. The dialysis device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dialyzer (6”’) is attached to the dialysis device such that the liquid conveyed through the blood chamber (38"‘) flows perpendicular to the acceleration due to gravity (G).

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