A dust-poison synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector and a use method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a dust-toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust remover and a use method thereof, which comprises a dust removal box body, an air inlet pipe, double-layer filter cartridges, a blowing ash removal device and an air outlet pipe; a mounting partition plate is fixedly arranged in the dust removal box body, top ends of the double-layer filter cartridges are fixedly connected with the mounting partition plate, and the blowing ash removal device is arranged on the top of the double-layer filter cartridges; the double-layer filter cartridges comprise coaxially arranged outer filter cartridges and inner filter cartridges, and the outer filter cartridges are arranged outside the inner filter cartridges; the outer filter cartridges are used for intercepting and filtering large-particle dust and adsorbing part of toxic gases; the inner filter cartridges comprise outer filter materials and inner layer fine adsorption interlayers, and the outer filter materials are arranged on the outer circumferential surfaces of the inner layer fine adsorption interlayers; the outer filter materials are used for filtering fine dust, and the inner layer fine adsorption interlayers are filled with purification particles and are used for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia. Through the double-layer filter cartridge design, the dust remover realizes the functions of efficient dust removal, harmful gas adsorption and convenient maintenance by combining pulse ash removal and spring ash removal structures.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of air purification, and in particular to a dust and toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector and a use method thereof. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the industrial production process, dust-containing gas and harmful gas (such as carbon monoxide, ammonia, etc.) will be generated, which needs to be purified in time, otherwise it will cause serious harm to the environment and human health. The existing filter cartridge dust collector can usually only remove particulate matter, and has limited adsorption capacity for harmful gas, and has low dust removal efficiency and inconvenient maintenance. It usually adopts a single-layer filter cartridge structure, which cannot simultaneously achieve dust removal and harmful gas adsorption, and the dust removal effect of the filter cartridge is not ideal, and the filter cartridge replacement and ash removal operation is complex. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a filter cartridge dust collector that can simultaneously purify dust and harmful gas, and has the functions of convenient dust removal and ash removal. SUMMARY

[0003] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a dust and toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector and a use method thereof, which realizes the functions of high-efficiency dust removal, harmful gas adsorption and convenient maintenance through the design of double-layer filter cartridges, combined with pulse dust removal and spring ash removal structures.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the present application provides a dust and toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector, which comprises a dust removal box body, an air inlet pipe, double-layer filter cartridges, a blowing dust removal device and an air outlet pipe; the dust removal box body is fixedly provided with a mounting partition plate, which divides the inner cavity of the dust removal box body into an upper chamber and a lower chamber; one end of the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe is respectively communicated with the lower chamber and the upper chamber; the top end of the double-layer filter cartridges is fixedly connected with the mounting partition plate, and the blowing dust removal device is arranged on the top of the double-layer filter cartridges.

[0005] The double-layer filter cartridges comprise coaxially arranged outer filter cartridges and inner filter cartridges, and the outer filter cartridges are arranged outside the inner filter cartridges; the outer filter cartridges are used for intercepting and filtering large-particle dust and adsorbing part of toxic gas; the inner filter cartridges comprise outer filter material and inner layer fine adsorption interlayer, and the outer filter material is arranged on the outer circumferential surface of the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer; the outer filter material is used for filtering fine dust, and the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer is filled with purification particles for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia.

[0006] Further, the preparation method of the purification particles comprises the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: mixing activated carbon and molecular sieve at a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1;

[0008] Step 2: activating the mixed material at a high temperature, the activation temperature is 300-500 DEG C, and the activation time is 2-4 hours;

[0009] Step 3: The activated material is immersed in a solution containing metal oxides, including copper oxide and zinc oxide, with a mass ratio of 1:1 to 2:1, for 1 to 3 hours;

[0010] Step 4: The immersed material is dried at 100°C to 150°C to obtain purified particles.

[0011] Further, the preparation method of the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge comprises the following steps:

[0012] Step 1: Mix polyimide fibers with carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 10:1 to 5:1, and add 100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution, ultrasonic dispersion for 30 minutes to 1 hour;

[0013] Step 2: Prepare a fiber membrane by electrospinning process, with a voltage of 15kV to 25kV, a spinning distance of 10cm to 20cm, and a spinning speed of 0.5mL / h to 1.5mL / h;

[0014] Step 3: Immerse the fiber membrane in silica sol for 1 to 2 hours, then pre-dry at 80°C to 120°C for 30 minutes, and then heat treat at 250°C to 300°C for 1 hour to form a stable gel network of silica;

[0015] Step 4: Immerse the fiber membrane in a solution containing iron ions for 1 to 2 hours, and then dry at 120°C to 150°C;

[0016] Step 5: Heat treat at 300°C to 400°C for 1 to 2 hours under nitrogen protection to obtain the filter material.

[0017] Further, the support mesh bottom of the inner filter cartridge is provided with an upwardly inclined flow guide plate for guiding the airflow direction of the straight pipe nozzle of the blowing ash removal device.

[0018] Further, the bottom of the double-layer filter cartridge is provided with an automatic ash unloading plate, which comprises two symmetrically arranged semicircular plate pieces, each of which is hinged at the bottom of the outer filter cartridge, and the upper surface of each plate piece is connected with a spring, and the end of the spring away from the plate piece is connected with the outer filter cartridge.

[0019] Further, the top of the double-layer filter cartridge is provided with a chuck, and the double-layer filter cartridge is detachably connected with the installed partition plate through the chuck.

[0020] Further, the blowing and ash removal device comprises a straight pipe nozzle and a circular pipe nozzle coaxial with the outer filter cartridge, the circular pipe nozzle is uniformly provided with a plurality of nozzles around the circumference of the outer filter cartridge, the jet direction of the nozzles is between the outer filter cartridge and the inner filter cartridge, and the circular pipe nozzle is used to remove part of the dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter cartridge and the outer wall of the inner filter cartridge; the jet direction of the straight pipe nozzle is at the middle part of the inner filter cartridge, and the straight pipe nozzle is used to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge.

[0021] Further, the end of the air inlet pipe penetrating into the lower chamber is connected with a diffusion port; the diffusion port comprises an air inlet cover and a guide air inlet plate, the end of the air inlet pipe penetrating into the lower chamber is communicated with the air inlet cover, the end surface of the air inlet cover away from the air inlet pipe is provided with an air inlet opening, and the area of the air inlet opening is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet pipe.

[0022] The guide air inlet plate is installed at the air inlet opening, a plurality of guide air inlet holes are densely arranged on the guide air inlet plate, the hole direction of the guide air inlet holes is inclined upward in the direction close to the double-layer filter cartridge, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 30°-60°.

[0023] Further, the bottom of the air inlet cover is provided with a dust discharge port, a gravity ash removal plate is installed at the dust discharge port, one side of the gravity ash removal plate is hingedly installed on the air inlet cover, and one side of the gravity ash removal plate is fixedly connected with a gravity ball; under the natural state, the gravity ash removal plate is upwardly tilted and closes the dust discharge port at the bottom of the air inlet cover under the self-weight of the gravity ball.

[0024] The application also provides a use method of the dust and toxin synergistically high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust remover.

[0025] a) The dust and toxin gas enters the dust remover through the air inlet pipe and the diffusion port in sequence, the inclined upward structure of the diffusion port guides the airflow to blow more to the double-layer filter cartridge, and meanwhile, the large particle dust is intercepted by the diffusion port and falls on the gravity ash removal plate;

[0026] b) When the weight of the large particle dust accumulated on the gravity ash removal plate is greater than that of the gravity ball, the gravity ash removal plate opens and discharges the ash, the large particle dust falls into the bottom of the dust remover, and the gravity ash removal plate is reset under the action of the gravity ball after the ash discharge is completed;

[0027] c) The dust and toxin gas is first subjected to pre-dust removal and coarse adsorption of the toxin gas by the outer filter cartridge, and the large particle dust and part of the toxin gas are captured and adsorbed by the outer filter cartridge;

[0028] d) When the outer filter cartridge captures too much large particle dust, causing the filtration resistance of the outer filter cartridge to be too large, the circular pipe nozzle is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter cartridge, and the removed large particle dust falls to the bottom of the dust remover;

[0029] e) The dust and toxic gas after pretreatment enters the inner filter cartridge, and the fine dust in the dust-containing gas flow is captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge, and the toxic gas with the dust particles removed passes through the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge and enters the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer of the inner filter cartridge, and the purification particles in the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer purify carbon monoxide and ammonia;

[0030] f) The outer filter cartridge and the inner filter cartridge are regularly cleaned by the blowing ash device, the inner filter cartridge adopts a straight pipe nozzle, and the outer filter cartridge adopts a round pipe nozzle;

[0031] g) When the amount of dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge is too much to cause the filter cartridge resistance to increase, the straight pipe nozzle is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge, and the removed dust falls to the upper part of the automatic ash discharging plate;

[0032] h) When the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharging plate reach a certain weight, the spring is stretched, the automatic ash discharging plate is opened, and the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharging plate fall into the bottom of the dust collector to realize ash discharging, and after ash discharging, the spring drives the automatic ash discharging plate to rebound and reset to ensure sealing;

[0033] i) The purified gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe.

[0034] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows:

[0035] The dust and toxic gas synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector has the following beneficial effects: the double-layer filter cartridge is designed, the outer filter cartridge is used for intercepting and filtering large-particle dust and adsorbing part of toxic gas, the outer filter material of the inner filter cartridge is used for filtering fine dust, the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer of the inner filter cartridge is filled with purification particles and used for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia, then dust and harmful gas can be cleaned and purified at the same time, the purification effect is better, the blowing ash device is arranged and includes a round pipe nozzle and a straight pipe nozzle, dust captured on the surfaces of the outer filter cartridge and the inner filter cartridge can be blown and removed respectively, the ash cleaning effect is more uniform and reliable, and the dust adsorption effect of the double-layer filter cartridge is ensured, and in addition, the gravity ash discharging plate and the automatic ash discharging plate are arranged to realize automatic discharge of accumulated dust. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] Figure 1 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the present application.

[0037] Figure 2 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the diffusion port part in the present application.

[0038] Figure 3 The figure is a structural schematic diagram of the diffusion port part in the present application.

[0039] Figure 4 The figure is a sectional structural schematic diagram of the double-layer filter cartridge in the present application.

[0040] Figure 5Structure diagram of the guide plate in the application.

[0041] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the chuck in the application.

[0042] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the automatic dust discharging plate in the application.

[0043] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the automatic dust discharging plate in the application.

[0044] Figure 9 Sectional view of the connection between the dust injection and ash discharging device and the filter cartridge in the application.

[0045] In the figure: 1, dust removal box; 11, mounting partition; 2, air inlet pipe; 3, diffusion port; 31, air inlet cover; 32, guide air inlet plate; 33, gravity dust discharging plate; 34, gravity ball; 4, double-layer filter cartridge; 41, outer filter cartridge; 42, inner filter cartridge; 421, outer layer filter material; 422, inner layer fine adsorption interlayer; 423, support mesh; 424, guide plate; 43, automatic dust discharging plate; 431, plate piece; 432, spring; 44, purified particles; 5, chuck; 51, chuck cover; 511, convex groove; 52, chuck seat; 521, concave groove; 6, dust injection and ash discharging device; 61, straight pipe nozzle; 62, round pipe nozzle; 7, air outlet pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] The application will now be described in further detail with reference to the drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams and only show the basic structure of the application in a schematic manner, and thus only show the components relevant to the application.

[0047] The application discloses a dust and toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector.

[0048] Referring to Figure 1 A dust and toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust collector comprises a dust removal box 1, an air inlet pipe 2, a double-layer filter cartridge 4, a dust injection and ash discharging device 6, and an air outlet pipe 7.

[0049] The mounting partition 11 is fixed in the dust removal box 1 to divide the inner cavity of the dust removal box 1 into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. One end of the air inlet pipe 2 is in communication with the lower chamber, one end of the air outlet pipe 7 is in communication with the upper chamber, the double-layer filter cartridge 4 is located in the lower chamber and is fixedly connected with the mounting partition 11 at the top end, the dust injection and ash discharging device 6 is located in the upper chamber and has an air outlet facing the double-layer filter cartridge 4.

[0050] Referring to Figure 2 and Figure 3The end of the air inlet pipe 2 penetrating into the lower chamber is connected with a diffusion port 3; the diffusion port 3 comprises an air inlet cover 31 and a guide air inlet plate 32; the end of the air inlet pipe 2 penetrating into the lower chamber is communicated with the air inlet cover 31, and the end face of the air inlet cover 31 away from the air inlet pipe 2 is provided with an air inlet opening, and the area of the air inlet opening is greater than the cross-sectional area of the air inlet pipe 2.

[0051] The guide air inlet plate 32 is installed at the air inlet opening, and a plurality of guide air inlet holes are densely arranged on the guide air inlet plate 32; the axis of the guide air inlet hole is arranged to be inclined upward in the direction close to the double-layer filter cartridge 4, and the included angle with the horizontal direction is 30°-60°; then the guide air inlet hole plays a guiding role on the discharge direction of the air inlet flow, so that the air inlet flow can blow to the double-layer filter cartridge 4 more fully.

[0052] The bottom of the air inlet cover 31 is provided with a dust discharge port, and a gravity dust discharging plate 33 is installed at the dust discharge port; one side of the gravity dust discharging plate 33 is hingedly installed on the air inlet cover 31, and one side of the gravity dust discharging plate 33 is fixedly connected with a gravity ball 34; under the natural state, the gravity dust discharging plate 33 is upwardly tilted and closes the dust discharge port at the bottom of the air inlet cover 31 under the self-weight action of the gravity ball 34; when the accumulated dust in the air inlet cover 31 reaches a weight exceeding the gravity ball 34, the gravity dust discharging plate 33 is automatically opened, the accumulated dust is discharged out of the air inlet cover 31, and the automatic dust discharging function is realized.

[0053] Referring to Figure 4 The double-layer filter cartridge 4 comprises coaxially arranged outer filter cartridges 41 and inner filter cartridges 42, and the outer filter cartridges 41 are arranged outside the inner filter cartridges 42; the outer filter cartridges 41 are used for intercepting and filtering large-particle dust and adsorbing part of toxic gas; the inner filter cartridges 42 comprise outer filter materials 421 and inner layer fine adsorption interlayers 422; the outer filter materials 421 are used for filtering fine dust, and the inner layer fine adsorption interlayers 422 are filled with purification particles 44 and used for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia; the diameter of the purification particles in the interlayer of the outer filter cartridges 41 is greater than that of the purification particles in the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer 422 of the inner filter cartridges 42.

[0054] The preparation method of the purification particles 44 comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: mixing activated carbon and molecular sieve at a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1;

[0056] Step 2: activating the mixed material at high temperature, the activation temperature is 300-500°C, and the activation time is 2-4 hours;

[0057] Step 3: immersing the activated material in a solution containing metal oxides, the metal oxides include copper oxide and zinc oxide, the mass ratio of the copper oxide to the zinc oxide is 1:1 to 2:1, and the immersion time is 1-3 hours;

[0058] Step 4: dry the impregnated material at 100-150°C to obtain purified particles 44.

[0059] The filter material of the inner filter cartridge 42 is prepared by the following method:

[0060] Step 1: mix the polyimide fibers with carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 10:1 to 5:1, add 100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes to 1 hour;

[0061] Step 2: prepare a fiber membrane by electrospinning process, voltage 15-25 kV, spinning distance 10-20 cm, spinning speed 0.5-1.5 mL / h;

[0062] Step 3: immerse the fiber membrane in silica sol for 1-2 hours, then pre-dry at 80-120°C for 30 minutes, then heat treat at 250-300°C for 1 hour to form a stable gel network of silica;

[0063] Step 4: immerse the fiber membrane in a solution containing iron ions for 1-2 hours, then dry at 120-150°C;

[0064] Step 5: heat treat at 300-400°C for 1-2 hours under nitrogen protection to obtain the filter material.

[0065] Referring to Figure 5 , the bottom of the support mesh 423 of the inner filter cartridge 42 is provided with an upwardly inclined deflector 424 for guiding the airflow direction of the straight pipe nozzle 61 of the blowing ash removal device 6, so that it better acts on the inner wall surface of the inner filter cartridge 42 to improve the ash removal effect.

[0066] Referring to Figure 7 and Figure 8 , the bottom of the double-layer filter cartridge 4 is provided with an automatic ash removal plate 43, which includes two symmetrically arranged semicircular plate pieces 431, each plate piece 431 is hinged to the bottom of the outer filter cartridge 41, and the upper surface of each plate piece 431 is connected with a spring 432, the other end of the spring 432 is connected with the outer filter cartridge 41. When the accumulated ash in the double-layer filter cartridge 4 reaches a certain weight, the spring 432 is stretched, the automatic ash removal plate 43 is opened, and the accumulated ash falls into the bottom of the dust collector; after ash removal, the spring 432 contracts and rebounds, so that the automatic ash removal plate 43 resets to ensure the sealing of the double-layer filter cartridge 4 during filtration and purification.

[0067] Referring to Figure 6The top of the double-layer filter cartridge 4 is provided with a chuck 5, and the double-layer filter cartridge 4 is detachably connected with the mounting partition plate 11 through the chuck 5, so that the double-layer filter cartridge 4 is convenient to replace, maintain and clean in the later period. The chuck 5 is composed of a chuck cover 51 and a chuck base 52, the chuck base 52 is fixed on the top of the double-layer filter cartridge 4, and the chuck cover 51 is fixed on the bottom surface of the mounting partition plate 11. The chuck cover 51 is matched with the chuck base 52, and the chuck cover 51 and the chuck base 52 are rotatably clamped and connected through the recess 521 and the convex slot 511.

[0068] Referring to Figure 9 The blowing and ash removal device 6 comprises a straight pipe nozzle 61 arranged on the upper portion of the inner filter cartridge 42 and a circular pipe nozzle 62 arranged on the upper portion of the outer filter cartridge 41. The circular pipe nozzle 62 is coaxial with the outer filter cartridge 41, and a plurality of nozzles are uniformly arranged on the circular pipe nozzle 62 around the circumference of the outer filter cartridge 41. The blowing direction of the nozzles is between the outer filter cartridge 41 and the inner filter cartridge 42, and the circular pipe nozzle 62 is used to remove the dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter cartridge 41 and the outer wall of the inner filter cartridge 42. The blowing direction of the straight pipe nozzle 61 is in the middle of the inner filter cartridge 42, and the straight pipe nozzle 61 is used to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42.

[0069] The application further discloses a use method of the dust and toxin synergistic high-efficiency purification filter cartridge dust remover.

[0070] a) The dust and toxin gas enters the dust remover through the air inlet pipe 2 and the diffusion port 3 in sequence. The upward inclined structure of the diffusion port 3 guides the airflow to blow more to the double-layer filter cartridge 4, and meanwhile, the large-particle dust is intercepted by the diffusion port 3 and falls on the gravity ash discharge plate 33.

[0071] b) When the weight of the large-particle dust accumulated on the gravity ash discharge plate 33 is greater than that of the gravity ball 34, the gravity ash discharge plate 33 is opened to discharge the ash, and the large-particle dust falls into the bottom of the dust remover. After the ash is discharged, the gravity ash discharge plate 33 is reset under the action of the gravity ball 34.

[0072] c) The dust and toxin gas first passes through the outer filter cartridge 41 to be pre-cleaned and coarsely adsorbed, and the large-particle dust and part of the toxin gas are captured and adsorbed by the outer filter cartridge 41.

[0073] d) When the outer filter cartridge 41 captures too much large-particle dust, causing the filtering resistance of the outer filter cartridge 41 to be too large, the circular pipe nozzle 62 is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter cartridge 41. The removed large-particle dust falls into the bottom of the dust remover.

[0074] e) The pre-processed dust and toxin gas enters the inner filter cartridge 42. The fine dust in the dust-containing airflow is captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42, and the toxin gas from which the dust particles are removed passes through the outer filter material 421 of the inner filter cartridge 42 and enters the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer 422 of the inner filter cartridge 42. The purification particles 44 in the inner layer fine adsorption interlayer 422 purify carbon monoxide and ammonia.

[0075] f) The outer filter cylinder 41 and the inner filter cylinder 42 are regularly cleaned by the blowing ash device 6, the inner filter cylinder 42 uses the straight pipe nozzle 61, and the outer filter cylinder 41 uses the round pipe nozzle 62;

[0076] g) When the dust captured by the outer surface of the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cylinder 42 is too much to cause the filter resistance to increase, the straight pipe nozzle 61 is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer layer filter material 421 of the inner filter cylinder 42, and the removed dust falls on the upper part of the automatic ash discharging plate 43;

[0077] h) When the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharging plate 43 reach a certain weight, the spring 432 is stretched, the automatic ash discharging plate 43 is opened, the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharging plate 43 fall into the bottom of the dust collector, ash is discharged, and after the ash is discharged, the spring 432 drives the automatic ash discharging plate 43 to rebound and reset to ensure sealing;

[0078] i) The purified gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe 7.

[0079] Based on the above ideal embodiments according to the present application, through the above description, relevant personnel can make various changes and modifications without deviating from the technical idea of the present application. The technical scope of the present application is not limited to the content in the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency dust collector with synergistic dust and toxic substance purification, characterized in that: The system includes a dust collector housing (1), an air inlet pipe (2), a double-layer filter cartridge (4), a pulse-jet cleaning device (6), and an air outlet pipe (7). A mounting partition (11) is fixed inside the dust collector housing (1), which divides the inner cavity of the dust collector housing (1) into an upper chamber and a lower chamber. One end of the air inlet pipe (2) and the air outlet pipe (7) are respectively connected to the lower chamber and the upper chamber. The top of the double-layer filter cartridge (4) is connected and fixed to the mounting partition (11), and the pulse-jet cleaning device (6) is located on the top of the double-layer filter cartridge (4). The double-layer filter cartridge (4) includes an outer filter cartridge (41) and an inner filter cartridge (42) arranged coaxially. The outer filter cartridge (41) covers the outside of the inner filter cartridge (42). The outer filter cartridge (41) is used to intercept and filter large dust particles and adsorb some toxic gases. The inner filter cartridge (42) includes an outer filter material (421) and an inner fine adsorption interlayer (422). The outer filter material (421) is attached to the outer peripheral surface of the inner fine adsorption interlayer (422). The outer filter material (421) is used to filter fine dust. The inner fine adsorption interlayer (422) is filled with purification particles (44) for adsorbing carbon monoxide and ammonia. The method for preparing the purification particles (44) includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix activated carbon and molecular sieves at a mass ratio of 1:1 to 3:1; Step 2: Activate the mixed material at a high temperature of 300°C to 500°C for 2 to 4 hours. Step 3: Immerse the activated material in a solution containing metal oxides, including copper oxide and zinc oxide, with a mass ratio of copper oxide to zinc oxide of 1:1 to 2:1, and an immersion time of 1 to 3 hours; Step 4: Dry the impregnated material at 100°C to 150°C to obtain purified granules (44); The preparation method of the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42) includes the following steps: Step 1: Mix polyimide fibers and carbon nanotubes at a mass ratio of 10:1 to 5:1, add to 100 mL of polyvinyl alcohol solution, and ultrasonically disperse for 30 minutes to 1 hour; Step 2: Prepare fiber membranes by electrospinning, with a voltage of 15kV to 25kV, a spinning distance of 10cm to 20cm, and a spinning speed of 0.5mL / h to 1.5mL / h; Step 3: Immerse the fiber membrane in silica sol for 1 to 2 hours, then pre-dry it at 80°C to 120°C for 30 minutes, and then heat-treat it at 250°C to 300°C for 1 hour to form a stable gel network of silica. Step 4: Immerse the fiber membrane in a solution containing iron ions for 1 to 2 hours, and then dry it at 120°C to 150°C; Step 5: Under nitrogen protection, heat treat at 300°C to 400°C for 1 to 2 hours to obtain the filter material; The jet cleaning device (6) includes a straight nozzle (61) and a round nozzle (62). The round nozzle (62) is coaxial with the outer filter cartridge (41). The round nozzle (62) has a plurality of nozzles evenly arranged around the circumference of the outer filter cartridge (41). The jet direction of the nozzles is located between the outer filter cartridge (41) and the inner filter cartridge (42). The round nozzle (62) is used to remove some of the dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter cartridge (41) and the outer wall of the inner filter cartridge (42). The jet direction of the straight nozzle (61) is located in the middle of the inner filter cartridge (42). The straight nozzle (61) is used to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42).

2. The dust and toxic substance synergistic high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the support mesh (423) of the inner filter cartridge (42) is provided with an upwardly inclined guide plate (424) to guide the airflow direction of the straight nozzle (61) of the jet cleaning device (6).

3. The dust and toxic substance synergistic high-efficiency purification cartridge dust collector according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom of the double-layer filter cartridge (4) is provided with an automatic ash discharge plate (43). The automatic ash discharge plate (43) includes two symmetrically arranged semi-circular plates (431). Each plate (431) is hinged to the bottom of the outer filter cartridge (41), and a spring (432) is connected to the upper surface of each plate (431). The end of the spring (432) away from the plate (431) is connected to the outer filter cartridge (41).

4. The dust collector with synergistic high-efficiency purification of dust and toxic substances according to claim 3, characterized in that: The top of the double-layer filter cartridge (4) is provided with a chuck (5), and the double-layer filter cartridge (4) is detachably connected to the mounting partition (11) through the chuck (5).

5. The dust collector with synergistic high-efficiency purification of dust and toxic substances according to claim 4, characterized in that: The air inlet pipe (2) is connected to a diffuser (3) at one end of the lower chamber; the diffuser (3) includes an air inlet cover (31) and a guide air inlet plate (32). The air inlet pipe (2) is connected to the air inlet cover (31) at one end of the lower chamber. An air inlet opening is provided on the end face of the air inlet cover (31) away from the air inlet pipe (2). The area of ​​the air inlet opening is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the air inlet pipe (2). The guide air intake plate (32) is installed at the air intake opening, and a number of guide air intake holes are densely arranged on the guide air intake plate (32). The holes of the guide air intake holes are inclined upward in the direction close to the double-layer filter cartridge (4), and the angle with the horizontal direction is 30°-60°.

6. The dust collector with synergistic high-efficiency purification of dust and toxic substances according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom of the air intake hood (31) is provided with a dust discharge port, and a gravity dust discharge plate (33) is installed at the dust discharge port. One side of the gravity dust discharge plate (33) is hinged to the air intake hood (31), and a gravity ball (34) is fixedly connected to one side of the gravity dust discharge plate (33). In the natural state, the gravity dust discharge plate (33) tilts upward under the weight of the gravity ball (34) and closes the dust discharge port at the bottom of the air intake hood (31).

7. A method of using a high-efficiency dust collector with synergistic dust and toxic substance purification, characterized in that: The method of using the cartridge dust collector according to claim 6 includes the following steps: a) Dust and toxic gases enter the dust collector through the air inlet pipe (2) and the diffuser (3) in sequence. The upward structure of the diffuser (3) guides the airflow to blow more towards the double-layer filter cartridge (4). At the same time, large dust particles are intercepted by the diffuser (3) and fall onto the gravity dust discharge plate (33). b) When the weight of the large dust particles accumulated on the gravity ash discharge plate (33) is greater than that of the gravity ball (34), the gravity ash discharge plate (33) opens to discharge ash, and the large dust particles fall into the bottom of the dust collector. After the ash discharge is completed, the gravity ash discharge plate (33) resets under the action of the gravity ball (34). c) The dust and toxic gases are first pre-dust removed and coarsely adsorbed by the external filter cartridge (41). Large dust particles and some toxic gases are captured and adsorbed by the external filter cartridge (41). d) When the external filter cartridge (41) captures too much large dust particles, causing excessive filtration resistance, open the round tube nozzle (62) to remove the dust captured by the external filter cartridge (41), and the removed large dust particles fall to the bottom of the dust collector. e) The pretreated dust and toxic gas enters the inner filter cartridge (42). The fine dust in the dust-laden airflow is captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42). The toxic gas with the dust particles removed passes through the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42) and enters the inner fine adsorption jacket (422) of the inner filter cartridge (42). The purification particles (44) in the inner fine adsorption jacket (422) purify carbon monoxide and ammonia. f) The outer filter cartridge (41) and inner filter cartridge (42) are cleaned periodically by a jet cleaning device (6). The inner filter cartridge (42) uses a straight nozzle (61), and the outer filter cartridge (41) uses a round nozzle (62). g) When the amount of dust captured on the outer surface of the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42) is too large, causing the filter cartridge resistance to increase, the straight nozzle (61) is opened to remove the dust captured by the outer filter material (421) of the inner filter cartridge (42), and the removed dust falls to the upper part of the automatic dust discharge plate (43). h) When the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate (43) reach a certain weight, the spring (432) is stretched, the automatic ash discharge plate (43) opens, and the dust particles accumulated on the upper part of the automatic ash discharge plate (43) fall into the bottom of the dust collector to achieve ash discharge. After ash discharge, the spring (432) drives the automatic ash discharge plate (43) to rebound and reset to ensure sealing. i) The purified gas is discharged through the air outlet pipe (7).

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