Double-coating chemically-toughened glass as well as double-coating method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention provides double-coated chemically-toughened glass as well as a double-coating method and application of the double-coated chemically-toughened glass. The double-coating chemically-toughened glass comprises a UV (ultraviolet) curing surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer and a chemically-toughened glass substrate, the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is arranged between the UV curing surface layer and the chemical tempered glass substrate. The organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer and the UV curing surface layer are sequentially arranged on the surface of the chemical tempered glass substrate, so that the light transmittance of the glass is improved while the strength of the glass is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of tempered glass processing, and relates to a double-coated chemically tempered glass, specifically to a double-coated chemically tempered glass, its double-coating method and application. Background Art

[0002] As an important inorganic non-metallic material, glass plays an indispensable role in various fields of modern society. From the doors, windows and curtain walls of buildings, to the display screens of electronic products, and then to solar photovoltaic modules, etc., the application of glass is everywhere. With the continuous progress of technology and the improvement of people's requirements for the quality of life, the requirements for the performance of glass are becoming increasingly diverse and stringent.

[0003] Among the many glass properties, light transmittance and strength are two key indicators. The light transmittance of photovoltaic glass directly affects the efficiency of crystalline silicon solar photovoltaic cells. At the same time, the strength of glass is crucial for ensuring its safety and reliability in various usage scenarios. Tempered glass has been widely used in industries such as construction and automobiles due to its high strength and good impact resistance.

[0004] However, there are still some problems to be solved urgently in the light transmittance and comprehensive performance of the existing tempered glass. Traditional tempered glass processes often face many challenges when pursuing sufficient light transmittance. For example, laminated tempered glass will inevitably lead to a decrease in light transmittance due to the setting of the interlayer. While single-layer tempered glass can ensure the light transmittance to a certain extent, its impact resistance is not high enough and its service life is limited.

[0005] Currently, some studies have improved the light transmittance through coating technology. For example, CN 222226203U discloses a method for coating tempered glass, which specifically discloses that a silicon nitride coating layer, a nickel-chromium alloy coating layer, a silver coating layer and a PET polyester film are sequentially provided from the inside to the outside on at least one outer surface of a glass substrate, and then the coated glass substrate is tempered. It reduces the reflectivity and enhances the wear resistance by using multiple layers of coatings, but its process is complex and its compatibility with chemical tempering is insufficient.

[0006] In summary, it is of great practical significance and urgent market demand to develop a chemically tempered glass that has both high light transmittance, excellent strength and good comprehensive performance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] Aiming at the deficiencies of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a double-coated chemically tempered glass, its double-coating method and application. The present invention realizes the improvement of the light transmittance of the glass while improving the strength of the glass by sequentially providing an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer and a UV-curable top layer on the surface of the chemically tempered glass substrate.

[0008] In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0009] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a double-coated chemically tempered glass, the double-coated chemically tempered glass comprising: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically tempered glass substrate;

[0010] The organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is arranged between the UV curing surface layer and the chemically toughened glass substrate.

[0011] It is worth noting that the chemically tempered glass substrate of the present invention is prepared by conventional ion exchange, and the specific chemical tempering steps are not specifically limited here; the chemical tempering principle is that K element replaces Na element, specifically: KNO3+Na2SiO3=NaNO3+K2SiO3.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 50 to 300 nm, for example, it can be 50 nm, 100 nm, 150 nm, 200 nm, 250 nm or 300 nm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0013] Preferably, the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 to 180 nm, for example, it may be 120 nm, 130 nm, 140 nm, 150 nm, 160 nm, 170 nm or 180 nm, but is not limited to the listed values, and other values ​​not listed within the numerical range are also applicable.

[0014] In the present invention, the thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 50 to 300 nm. If the thickness is too thick, it has the following disadvantages: (1) internal stress increases. If the thickness is too thick, it will cause the accumulation of shrinkage stress during curing of the coating, which may cause cracks or peeling from the substrate; (2) adhesion decreases: increased thickness may weaken the interfacial bonding force with the glass substrate, especially under low-temperature processes, the stress release is insufficient; (3) optical performance deteriorates: if the bottom layer has a refractive index regulating function (such as anti-reflection), excessive thickness may destroy the optical interference effect, resulting in a decrease in transmittance or color shift; (4) reduced flexibility: the toughness of the organic-inorganic hybrid layer is weakened due to increased thickness, thereby affecting the impact resistance; if the thickness is too thin, it has the following disadvantages: (1) insufficient coverage: it cannot completely fill the microscopic defects on the surface of the substrate, reducing the protection of the substrate (such as corrosion resistance); (2) stress buffering failure: the thin layer is difficult to buffer external mechanical stress, resulting in the surface layer being easily damaged (such as scratches or peeling).

[0015] The thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 - 180 nm. If the thickness is too thick, the surface layer has the following disadvantages: (1) Incomplete curing: The penetration depth of UV light is limited. Excessive thickness will cause incomplete curing of the bottom layer, resulting in a decrease in surface hardness and wear resistance; (2) Stress concentration: The curing shrinkage stress increases with the increase in thickness, which may cause cracking or separation of the surface layer from the bottom layer; (3) Abnormal optical interference: Deviation of the surface layer thickness will change the optical path difference, resulting in an increase in reflectivity or a weakening of the hydrophobic effect; (4) Decreased flexibility: An overly thick brittle surface layer is prone to cracking under bending or impact. On the contrary, if the thickness is too thin, it has the following disadvantages: (1) Insufficient protection ability: It cannot effectively resist external wear, chemical corrosion, or ultraviolet aging, shortening the coating life; (2) Exposure of surface roughness: A thin layer may not be able to cover the microscopic unevenness of the bottom layer or the substrate, affecting the appearance (such as an increase in haze); (3) Functional failure: When the surface layer is too thin, the content of the functional reagents contained therein is low, resulting in insufficient distribution, and thus a decrease in the contact angle or an increase in reflectivity.

[0016] In the present invention, the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer has excellent chemical stability and good adhesion to the chemically strengthened glass substrate; the UV-cured surface layer has the functions of wear resistance, scratch resistance, and antireflection. The present invention improves the light transmittance of the chemically strengthened glass by laminating the UV-cured surface layer and the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and the reasons are as follows:

[0017] (1) Layered optimization: In the present invention, the bottom layer can be specifically used to optimize light of a specific wavelength, while the surface layer can reduce reflection or absorption, thereby improving the overall light transmittance; a double-layer coating with a bottom layer and a surface layer is set according to the design of the characteristics of different film layers to achieve the best light transmittance;

[0018] (2) Reflection reduction: During the preparation process, the raw materials for preparing the double-layer coating contain materials with low reflectivity, so that more light enters the chemically strengthened glass, reducing the reflected light, thereby reducing light loss and improving the light transmittance;

[0019] (3) Interference effect: The double-layer coating can utilize the interference effect of light. By reasonably designing the layer thickness and refractive index, coherent interference of light of different wavelengths is generated in the film layer, achieving the effect of enhancing the light transmittance;

[0020] (4) Improvement of optical properties: During the preparation process, the raw materials used in the surface layer and the bottom layer can combine the advantages of different materials, so that good optical matching is formed between the bottom layer and the surface layer, thereby improving the light transmittance;

[0021] (5) Improvement of antioxidant and wear resistance: The double-layer coating can simultaneously improve the wear resistance and antioxidant properties of the glass, reduce surface defects and scratches, and thus maintain a higher light transmittance.

[0022] Second aspect, the present invention provides a double-coating method for the double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided in the first aspect, and the double-coating method includes:

[0023] (1) Coating an organic-inorganic hybrid sol on the surface of a chemically strengthened glass substrate, and then successively performing gelation treatment, drying treatment, and curing treatment to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer;

[0024] (2) Coating a nano-dispersion liquid on the surface of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer obtained in step (1), and then successively performing infrared drying treatment and UV curing treatment to obtain a UV-cured top layer.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, by mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol in step (1) include: 45-75 wt% of an organically modified silica sol, 20-50 wt% of a composite modifier, 0.5-2 wt% of an acidic catalyst, 0.1-1 wt% of a leveling agent, 1-5 wt% of a plasticizer, and 10-30 wt% of an organic solvent.

[0026] Exemplarily, the content of the organically modified silica sol in the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol is 45-75 wt%, for example, it can be 45 wt%, 50 wt%, 55 wt%, 60 wt%, 65 wt%, 70 wt% or 75 wt% etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0027] The content of the composite modifier is 20-50 wt%, for example, it can be 20 wt%, 25 wt%, 30 wt%, 35 wt%, 40 wt%, 45 wt% or 50 wt% etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0028] The content of the acidic catalyst is 0.5-2 wt%, for example, it can be 0.5 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.4 wt%, 1.7 wt% or 2 wt% etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0029] The content of the leveling agent is 0.1-1 wt%, for example, it can be 0.1 wt%, 0.2 wt%, 0.4 wt%, 0.6 wt%, 0.8 wt% or 1 wt% etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0030] The content of the plasticizer is 1-5 wt%, for example, it can be 1 wt%, 2 wt%, 3 wt%, 4 wt% or 5 wt% etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0031] The content of the organic solvent is 10 to 30 wt%, for example, it can be 10 wt%, 15 wt%, 20 wt%, 25 wt% or 30 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0032] In the present invention, the organically modified silica sol is the main body of the organic-inorganic hybrid film formation, which can provide strong adhesion to the glass substrate, and form a porous structure through the sol-gel reaction, thereby optimizing the optical properties, reducing the light scattering, and improving the light transmittance; in the present invention, the organically modified silica sol includes any one of MTMS modified sol, methyltrimethoxysilane or CG-Si series materials.

[0033] Preferably, the composite modifier includes polyurethane and epoxy resin.

[0034] Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyurethane to the epoxy resin is 1 to 2:1, for example, it can be 1:1, 1.2:1, 1.4:1, 1.6:1, 1.8:1 or 2:1, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0035] In the present invention, the composite modifier can improve the flexibility of the film layer, make up for the brittleness of the pure inorganic coating, and enhance the impact resistance. Among them, the mass ratio of the polyurethane to the epoxy resin is 1-2:1. When the addition amount of the polyurethane is on the low side, it has the following disadvantages: (1) Insufficient flexibility and increased brittleness of the bottom layer: Polyurethane is the key component providing flexibility. Insufficient content thereof will result in an overly rigid crosslinked network of the coating, increased brittleness, and easy cracking when resisting bending or impact. The pure inorganic coating or the system dominated by epoxy resin has high brittleness and is prone to generating microcracks under dynamic loads, weakening the overall impact resistance of the glass. (2) Weakened interfacial bonding force: The thermal expansion coefficients are mismatched. The thermal expansion coefficient of the epoxy resin is higher than that of the inorganic silica sol. When the content of the polyurethane is insufficient, the thermal stress difference between the coating and the glass substrate increases, and interfacial peeling is likely to occur. Moreover, it will lead to insufficient stress buffering, and the rigid coating is difficult to absorb external stress, and problems such as delamination or local peeling are likely to occur during long-term use. (3) Increased curing shrinkage rate: The epoxy resin shrinks greatly in volume during curing. If the proportion of the polyurethane is low, the shrinkage stress is more obvious, resulting in an increase in internal defects (such as micropores, cracks) of the coating, thereby affecting the functions of the bottom layer. When the addition amount of the polyurethane is on the high side, it will have the following disadvantages: (1) Decreased hardness and wear resistance: The long-chain flexible structure of excessive polyurethane will reduce the crosslinking density of the coating, or may lead to unqualified surface hardness (such as pencil hardness) and wear resistance (such as Taber test); or the excessive proportion of the long-chain flexible structure of the polyurethane may lead to a decrease in the resistance of the coating to acids, alkalis or solvents (such as sweat resistance, detergent resistance, etc.). (2) Limited adhesion and heat resistance: The interfacial bonding between the polyurethane and the glass substrate (high polarity) depends on the strong polar groups (such as hydroxyl groups, epoxy groups) of the epoxy resin. Excessive polyurethane may reduce the chemical bonding strength between the coating and the substrate. (3) Poor high-temperature stability: The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polyurethane is usually lower than that of the epoxy resin. Excessive addition may cause the coating to soften and deform in a high-temperature environment (such as above 80°C). (4) Uneven dispersion of the inorganic phase: Risk of phase separation. Excessive polyurethane may reduce the compatibility with the inorganic silica sol, resulting in agglomeration of nanoparticles (such as SiO2), destroying the uniformity of the organic-inorganic hybrid structure, and affecting the light transmittance and mechanical properties.

[0036] Preferably, the acidic catalyst includes any one or a combination of at least two of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid. Typical but non-limiting combinations include: a combination of hydrochloric acid and phosphoric acid, a combination of hydrochloric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid, a combination of phosphoric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid, or a combination of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid and p-toluenesulfonic acid.

[0037] Preferably, the plasticizer includes any one of phthalate plasticizers, citrate plasticizers or polyester plasticizers.

[0038] Preferably, the organic solvent includes ethanol or isopropanol.

[0039] In the present invention, the acidic catalyst is used to accelerate the hydrolysis and condensation reaction of silica sol and regulate the gelation rate; the plasticizer is used to improve the flexibility of the film layer and prevent brittle fracture at low temperature; the organic solvent is used to adjust the viscosity, promote the film formation uniformity, and form a porous structure after volatilization; the leveling agent is used to reduce the surface tension and eliminate the orange peel and pinhole defects during the coating process; wherein, the leveling agent includes any one of BYK series leveling agents, Evonik leveling agents or Dow leveling agents.

[0040] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid sol includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol according to the formula amounts, and then successively performing stirring treatment and aging treatment.

[0041] Preferably, the rotation speed of the stirring treatment is 300-500 rpm, for example, it can be 300 rpm, 350 rpm, 400 rpm, 450 rpm or 500 rpm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0042] Preferably, the time of the stirring treatment is 4-6 h, for example, it can be 4 h, 4.4 h, 4.8 h, 5.2 h, 5.6 h or 6 h, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0043] Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 20-30 °C, for example, it can be 20 °C, 22 °C, 24 °C, 26 °C, 28 °C or 30 °C, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0044] Preferably, the environmental humidity of the aging treatment is 40-60%, for example, it can be 40%, 44%, 48%, 52%, 56% or 60%, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0045] Preferably, the time of the aging treatment is 24-48 h, for example, it can be 24 h, 28 h, 32 h, 36 h, 40 h, 44 h or 48 h, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0046] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the coating in step (1) includes spin coating or dip coating.

[0047] Preferably, the rotation speed in the spin coating is 1000-3000 rpm, for example, it can be 1000 rpm, 1400 rpm, 1800 rpm, 2200 rpm, 2600 rpm or 3000 rpm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and the values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0048] Preferably, the lifting speed in the dip coating is 10 - 50 mm / min. For example, it can be 10 mm / min, 20 mm / min, 30 mm / min, 40 mm / min, 50 mm / min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0049] Preferably, the thickness of the coating in step (1) is 80 - 350 μm. For example, it can be 80 μm, 100 μm, 150 μm, 200 μm, 250 μm, 300 μm, 350 μm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0050] Preferably, the gelation treatment in step (1) includes a standing treatment.

[0051] Preferably, the temperature of the standing treatment is 20 - 30 °C. For example, it can be 20 °C, 22 °C, 24 °C, 26 °C, 28 °C, 30 °C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0052] Preferably, the time of the standing treatment is 30 - 60 min. For example, it can be 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, 60 min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0053] Preferably, the environmental humidity of the standing treatment is 50 - 70%. For example, it can be 50%, 54%, 58%, 60%, 66%, 70%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0054] Preferably, the temperature of the drying treatment in step (1) is 80 - 100 °C. For example, it can be 80 °C, 84 °C, 88 °C, 92 °C, 96 °C, 100 °C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0055] Preferably, the time of the drying treatment in step (1) is 10 - 30 min. For example, it can be 10 min, 14 min, 18 min, 22 min, 26 min, 30 min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0056] Preferably, the temperature of the curing treatment in step (1) is 150 - 200 °C. For example, it can be 150 °C, 160 °C, 170 °C, 180 °C, 190 °C, 200 °C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values. Other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0057] Preferably, the time of the curing treatment in step (1) is 1 to 2 h. For example, it can be 1 h, 1.2 h, 1.4 h, 1.6 h, 1.8 h, or 2 h, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0058] In the preparation process of the organic-inorganic hybrid sol of the present invention, the device used for the stirring treatment is a constant-temperature magnetic stirrer; the device used for the spin coating is a spin coater; the device used for the dip coating is a dip coating and pulling machine; the devices for the drying treatment and the curing treatment are ovens.

[0059] In the present invention, the solvent is removed by the drying treatment; more specifically, after coating, it is necessary to remove the residual solvent in the coating to ensure the drying of the film-forming layer and avoid affecting the physical and chemical properties of the film layer. Among them, if the temperature of the drying treatment is too high, it will cause the solvent evaporation rate to be too fast, resulting in defects such as unevenness in the formed film layer, and further leading to coating defects such as cracks or peeling; if the temperature is too low, it may cause the solvent to be difficult to be completely removed, and further lead to residual solvent inside the film layer, affecting the mechanical properties and stability of the film.

[0060] In addition, the curing treatment promotes the cross-linking reaction of the reaction reagents in the organic-inorganic hybrid sol, which helps to form a stable network structure and improve the mechanical strength and durability of the film; in the present invention, too high a temperature of the curing treatment will cause excessive cross-linking of the organic components (such as polyurethane), and then affect its compatibility with the organically modified silica sol, resulting in nanoparticle aggregation and affecting the uniformity of the film; on the contrary, if the temperature of the fixing treatment is too low, the cross-linking reaction will be inhibited, resulting in insufficient film layer strength and easy cracking or peeling.

[0061] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, based on mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid in step (2) include: 70 to 85 wt% of a curing resin, 5 to 10 wt% of SiO2 nanoparticles, 3 to 5 wt% of Al2O3 nanoparticles, 1 to 3 wt% of an anti-reflection agent, 0.5 to 2 wt% of a water repellent, and 0.5 to 1.5 wt% of a dispersant.

[0062] Exemplarily, the content of the curing resin in the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid is 70 to 85 wt%. For example, it can be 70 wt%, 73 wt%, 76 wt%, 79 wt%, 82 wt%, or 85 wt%, etc., but it is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0063] The content of the SiO2 nanoparticles is 5 to 10 wt%, for example, it can be 5 wt%, 6 wt%, 7 wt%, 8 wt%, 9 wt% or 10 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0064] The content of the Al2O3 nanoparticles is 3 to 5 wt%, for example, it can be 3 wt%, 3.5 wt%, 4 wt%, 4.5 wt% or 5 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0065] The content of the anti-reflection agent is 1 to 3 wt%, for example, it can be 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, 2 wt%, 2.5 wt% or 3 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0066] The content of the water repellent is 0.5 to 2 wt%, for example, it can be 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt% or 2 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable;

[0067] The content of the dispersant is 0.5 to 1.5 wt%, for example, it can be 0.5 wt%, 0.8 wt%, 1.1 wt%, 1.3 wt% or 1.5 wt%, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0068] Preferably, the curable resin includes polyurethane acrylate or low-temperature epoxy resin.

[0069] Preferably, the average particle size of the SiO2 nanoparticles is 10 to 50 nm, for example, it can be 10 nm, 20 nm, 30 nm, 40 nm or 50 nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0070] Preferably, the average particle size of the Al2O3 nanoparticles is 30 to 50 nm, for example, it can be 30 nm, 35 nm, 40 nm, 45 nm or 50 nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0071] Preferably, the anti-reflection agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of magnesium fluoride, silica sol or titanium dioxide nanoparticles. Typical but non-limiting combinations include: a combination of magnesium fluoride and silica sol, a combination of magnesium fluoride and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, a combination of silica sol and titanium dioxide nanoparticles, or a combination of magnesium fluoride, silica sol and titanium dioxide nanoparticles.

[0072] Preferably, the hydrophobic agent includes any one or a combination of at least two of perfluoroalkylsilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, or octadecyltrimethoxysilane. Typical but non-limiting combinations include: a combination of perfluoroalkylsilane and tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, a combination of perfluoroalkylsilane and octadecyltrimethoxysilane, a combination of tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane and octadecyltrimethoxysilane, or a combination of perfluoroalkylsilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane, and octadecyltrimethoxysilane.

[0073] In the present invention, among the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion, the SiO2 nanoparticles can be used to improve the hardness of the film layer, reduce scratches, and also regulate the refractive index to achieve the anti-reflection function of the film layer; the Al2O3 nanoparticles are used to further enhance the wear resistance and high-temperature resistance of the film layer; in addition, the total addition amount of the SiO2 nanoparticles and the Al2O3 nanoparticles should not be higher than 15 wt% to avoid difficult dispersion; the anti-reflection agent is used to reduce the reflectivity; the hydrophobic agent is used to reduce the surface energy to achieve waterproof and anti-fouling; the leveling agent is used to reduce the surface tension and eliminate orange peel and pinhole defects during the coating process; among them, the leveling agent includes any one of BYK series leveling agents, Evonik leveling agents, or Dow leveling agents.

[0074] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method for preparing the nano-dispersion includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion according to the formulated amounts, and then successively performing shear dispersion treatment and ultrasonic treatment.

[0075] Preferably, the dispersion speed of the shear dispersion treatment is 2000 - 5000 rpm, for example, it can be 2000 rpm, 3000 rpm, 4000 rpm, or 5000 rpm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0076] Preferably, the time of the shear dispersion treatment is 30 - 60 min, for example, it can be 30 min, 40 min, 50 min, or 60 min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0077] Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 300 - 500 W, for example, it can be 300 W, 350 W, 400 W, 450 W, or 500 W, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0078] Preferably, the time of the ultrasonic treatment is 10 - 20 min, for example, it can be 10 min, 12 min, 15 min, 18 min, or 20 min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0079] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the coating in step (2) includes spraying or slot coating. When a higher uniformity requirement for the film layer is needed, slot coating is preferred.

[0080] Preferably, the spray gun pressure in the spraying is 0.2 - 0.5 MPa. For example, it can be 0.2 MPa, 0.3 MPa, 0.4 MPa, 0.5 MPa, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0081] Preferably, the coating speed in the slot coating is 5 - 20 m / min. For example, it can be 5 m / min, 8 m / min, 11 m / min, 14 m / min, 17 m / min, 20 m / min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0082] Preferably, the thickness of the coating in step (2) is 150 - 200 nm. For example, it can be 150 nm, 160 nm, 170 nm, 180 nm, 190 nm, 200 nm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0083] Preferably, the temperature of the infrared drying treatment in step (2) is 60 - 80 °C. For example, it can be 60 °C, 64 °C, 68 °C, 72 °C, 76 °C, 80 °C, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0084] Preferably, the infrared wavelength in the infrared drying treatment in step (2) is 2.5 - 5 μm. For example, it can be 2.5 μm, 3 μm, 3.5 μm, 4 μm, 4.5 μm, 5 μm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0085] Preferably, the time of the infrared drying treatment in step (2) is 2 - 5 min. For example, it can be 2 min, 3 min, 4 min, 5 min, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0086] The device used for the infrared drying treatment in step (2) of the present invention is an infrared tunnel furnace. Compared with oven drying, the advantages of drying the surface layer by infrared rays in the present invention are as follows: Infrared drying can rapidly heat the coating, improve the drying efficiency, and reduce the drying time; furthermore, infrared rays can achieve uniform heating, ensuring that the temperature distribution on the surface and inside of the coating is consistent, which helps to reduce possible defects during the drying process, such as cracks or uneven drying; in addition, infrared drying equipment generally has a good temperature control system, which can accurately adjust the temperature according to the requirements of the coating, avoiding problems such as damage to the film layer structure or phase separation caused by excessive temperature. Compared with traditional hot air drying, infrared drying usually has lower energy consumption; and the infrared drying process is relatively clean, without direct contact with moisture or pollutants in the air, which can keep the film layer clean and ensure product quality. In summary, infrared drying can achieve gradual heating, which helps to reduce the internal stress of the film layer during the drying process, reduce the risk of film layer cracking, and enhance the overall performance of the film.

[0087] Preferably, in the UV curing treatment in step (2), the ultraviolet wavelength is 360 - 370 nm, for example, it can be 360 nm, 362 nm, 364 nm, 366 nm, 368 nm, or 370 nm, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0088] Preferably, the intensity of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 1000 - 3000 mW / cm 2 , for example, it can be 1000 mW / cm 2 , 1500 mW / cm 2 , 2000 mW / cm 2 , 2500 mW / cm 2 or 3000 mW / cm 2 etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0089] Preferably, the exposure time of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 10 - 60 s, for example, it can be 10 s, 20 s, 30 s, 40 s, 50 s, or 60 s, etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0090] Preferably, the energy density of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 3 - 6 J / cm 2 , for example, it can be 3 J / cm 2 , 4 J / cm 2 , 5 J / cm 2 or 6 J / cm 2 etc., but not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0091] The device used for the UV curing treatment in step (2) of the present invention is a mercury lamp or an LED-UV curing machine. Compared with the curing treatment using an oven, the advantages of curing by ultraviolet rays in the present invention are as follows: (1) The UV curing treatment can achieve rapid curing and low-temperature curing, and the coating obtained by UV curing has good abrasion resistance, corrosion resistance, and chemical stability; (2) UV curing has the advantages of environmental protection, energy saving, high output, and large adjustment space.

[0092] In addition, too low intensity of the UV curing treatment will lead to a decrease in the strength, toughness, and chemical resistance of the coating; the incompletely cured coating may release unreacted monomers or components; insufficient curing may cause poor adhesion between the coating and the substrate, increasing the risk of peeling and falling off; the insufficiently cured coating may have weak resistance to ultraviolet rays, moisture, and other environmental factors. Too high intensity will result in over-curing, which will cause the coating to become brittle and hard, reducing the toughness; over-curing may introduce excessive internal stress, resulting in uneven interfacial stress between the coating and the substrate, thus causing cracking or peeling.

[0093] In the third aspect, the present invention provides an application of the double-coated chemically tempered glass provided in the first aspect, and the double-coated chemically tempered glass is used to manufacture a photovoltaic module.

[0094] The double-coated chemically tempered glass provided in the first aspect of the present invention is applicable to any photovoltaic module that requires the use of tempered glass; preferably, the photovoltaic module includes a first photovoltaic module and a second photovoltaic module.

[0095] Preferably, the first photovoltaic module includes a double-coated chemically tempered glass, a first adhesive film, a battery cell, a second adhesive film, and a backsheet stacked in sequence.

[0096] Preferably, the second photovoltaic module includes a double-coated chemically tempered glass, a first adhesive film, a battery cell, a second adhesive film, and a double-coated chemically tempered glass stacked in sequence.

[0097] Preferably, the thickness of the double-coated chemically tempered glass in the photovoltaic module is 2 to 5 mm. For example, it can be 2 mm, 2.5 mm, 3 mm, 3.5 mm, 4 mm, 4.5 mm, or 5 mm, etc., but is not limited to the listed values, and other unlisted values within the numerical range are equally applicable.

[0098] The numerical range described in the present invention not only includes the above-listed point values but also any point values between the above numerical ranges that are not listed. Due to space limitations and for the sake of simplicity, the present invention no longer exhaustively lists the specific point values included in the range.

[0099] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0100] (1) The double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided by the present invention achieves an improvement in the light transmittance of the glass while meeting high strength requirements.

[0101] (2) The photovoltaic module containing the double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided by the present invention can further improve the anti-hail ability.

[0102] (3) The double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided by the present invention has excellent abrasion resistance, high temperature resistance, and waterproof and anti-fouling capabilities. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0103] Figure 1 It is a schematic structural diagram of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0104] Figure 2 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first photovoltaic module provided by the present invention;

[0105] Figure 3 It is a schematic structural diagram of the second photovoltaic module provided by the present invention;

[0106] Among them, 1 is a chemically strengthened glass substrate, 2 is an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, 3 is a UV-cured surface layer, 4 is a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, 5 is a first adhesive film, 6 is a battery cell, 7 is a second adhesive film, and 8 is a backplane. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0107] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described below through specific embodiments. Those skilled in the art should understand that the embodiments are only for helping to understand the present invention and should not be regarded as specific limitations to the present invention.

[0108] The manufacturers of some reagents used in the following examples and comparative examples are shown in Table 1.

[0109] Table 1

[0110]

[0111] Example 1

[0112] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, as Figure 1 shown. The double-coated chemically strengthened glass includes: a UV-cured surface layer 3, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate 1;

[0113] The organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2 is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer 1 and the chemically strengthened glass substrate 1.

[0114] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0115] In this embodiment, the double - coating method of the double - coated chemically strengthened glass includes the following steps:

[0116] (1) Coating an organic - inorganic hybrid sol on the surface of the chemically strengthened glass substrate, standing for 45 min under the conditions of a temperature of 25°C and an environmental humidity of 65%, drying for 20 min at a temperature of 90°C, and then curing for 1.5 h at a temperature of 175°C to obtain an organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer;

[0117] Among them, by mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the organic - inorganic hybrid sol include: 60 wt% of organically modified silica sol (MTMS - modified silica sol), 20 wt% of a composite modifier, 1.5 wt% of an acidic catalyst (hydrochloric acid), 0.5 wt% of a leveling agent (BYK series), 3 wt% of a plasticizer (phthalate esters), and 15 wt% of an organic solvent (ethanol); the composite modifier includes polyurethane and epoxy resin with a mass ratio of 1.5:1;

[0118] The preparation method of the organic - inorganic hybrid sol includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the organic - inorganic hybrid sol according to the formula amount, stirring for 5 h under the condition of a rotation speed of 400 rpm, and then aging for 36 h under the conditions of a temperature of 25°C and an environmental humidity of 50%;

[0119] The coating includes spin - coating; the rotation speed in the spin - coating is 2000 rpm; the thickness of the coating is 100 μm;

[0120] (2) Coating a nano - dispersion liquid on the surface of the organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer obtained in step (1), then performing infrared drying treatment for 3.5 min at a temperature of 70°C, and then performing UV curing treatment under the conditions of a UV wavelength of 365 nm, an intensity of 3000 mW / cm 2 、an energy density of 5 J / cm 2 and exposing for 25 s;

[0121] Among them, by mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the nano - dispersion liquid include: 84 wt% of a curing resin (polyurethane acrylate), 8 wt% of SiO2 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 30 nm, 4 wt% of Al2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 40 nm, 2.5 wt% of an anti - reflective agent (magnesium fluoride), 1 wt% of a water - repellent agent (perfluoroalkylsilane), and 0.5 wt% of a dispersant (BYK - 111);

[0122] The preparation method of the nano - dispersion liquid includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the nano - dispersion liquid according to the formula amount, performing shear dispersion treatment for 55 min at a dispersion speed of 3500 rpm, and then performing ultrasonic treatment for 15 min at a power of 400 W;

[0123] The coating includes slot coating; the coating speed in the slot coating is 10 m / min; the thickness of the coating is 150 nm.

[0124] Example 2

[0125] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-curable surface layer 3, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate 1;

[0126] The organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2 is disposed between the UV-curable surface layer 1 and the chemically strengthened glass substrate 1.

[0127] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2 is 300 nm; the thickness of the UV-curable surface layer 3 is 150 nm.

[0128] In this example, the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass includes the following steps:

[0129] (1) Coating an organic-inorganic hybrid sol on the surface of the chemically strengthened glass substrate, standing for 60 min under the conditions of a temperature of 20 °C and an environmental humidity of 50%, drying for 30 min at a temperature of 80 °C, and then curing for 2 h at a temperature of 150 °C to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer;

[0130] Among them, in terms of mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol include: 45 wt% of an organically modified silica sol (methyltrimethoxysilane), 30 wt% of a composite modifier, 0.5 wt% of an acidic catalyst (p-toluenesulfonic acid), 0.1 wt% of a leveling agent (BKY-111), 1 wt% of a citric acid ester plasticizer, and 23.4 wt% of an organic solvent (isopropanol); the composite modifier includes polyurethane and epoxy resin with a mass ratio of 1:1;

[0131] The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid sol includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol according to the formula amount, stirring for 6 h under the condition of a rotation speed of 300 rpm, and then aging for 48 h under the conditions of a temperature of 20 °C and an environmental humidity of 40%;

[0132] The coating includes dip coating; the pulling speed in the dip coating is 30 mm / min; the thickness of the coating is 300 μm;

[0133] (2) Coating a nano-dispersion liquid on the surface of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer obtained in step (1), then performing infrared drying treatment at a temperature of 60 °C for 5 min, and then at a UV wavelength of 360 nm and an intensity of 2000 mW / cm 2 and an energy density of 4.5 J / cm2 Perform UV curing treatment under the following conditions and expose for 40 s;

[0134] Among them, by mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion include: 82 wt% of a curing resin (low-temperature epoxy resin), 10 wt% of SiO2 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 10 nm, 3 wt% of Al2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 30 nm, 2.2 wt% of an anti-reflection agent (silica sol), 1.0 wt% of a water repellent (tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane), and 0.8 wt% of a dispersant;

[0135] The method for preparing the nano-dispersion includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion according to the formula amounts, performing shear dispersion treatment at a dispersion speed of 2000 rpm for 60 min, and then performing ultrasonic treatment at a power of 300 W for 20 min;

[0136] The coating includes spraying; the spray gun pressure in the spraying is 0.35 MPa; the thickness of the coating is 200 nm.

[0137] Example 3

[0138] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer 3, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate 1;

[0139] The organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer 2 is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer 1 and the chemically strengthened glass substrate 1.

[0140] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 180 nm.

[0141] In this example, the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass includes the following steps:

[0142] (1) Coating an organic-inorganic hybrid sol on the surface of the chemically strengthened glass substrate, standing for 30 min under the conditions of a temperature of 30 °C and an environmental humidity of 70%, drying at a temperature of 100 °C for 10 min, and then curing at a temperature of 200 °C for 1 h to obtain the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer;

[0143] Among them, by mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol include: 59.7 wt% of an organically modified silica sol (CG-Si series), 25 wt% of a composite modifier, 1.2 wt% of an acidic catalyst (phosphoric acid), 0.4 wt% of a leveling agent, 3.7 wt% of a plasticizer, and 10 wt% of an organic solvent; the composite modifier includes polyurethane and epoxy resin with a mass ratio of 2:1;

[0144] The preparation method of the organic-inorganic hybrid sol includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol according to the formula amounts, stirring for 4 h under the condition of a rotation speed of 500 rpm, and then aging for 24 h under the conditions of a temperature of 30 °C and an environmental humidity of 60%;

[0145] The coating includes spin coating; the rotation speed in the spin coating is 1800 rpm; the thickness of the coating is 80 μm;

[0146] (2) Coating a nano-dispersion liquid on the surface of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer obtained in step (1), then performing infrared drying treatment at a temperature of 80 °C for 2 min, and then performing UV curing treatment under the conditions of a UV wavelength of 370 nm, an intensity of 1000 mW / cm 2 and an energy density of 6 J / cm 2 and exposing for 60 s;

[0147] Among them, based on mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid include: 82.7 wt% of a curing resin, 6.8 wt% of SiO2 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 50 nm, 5 wt% of Al2O3 nanoparticles with an average particle size of 40 nm, 1 wt% of an anti-reflection agent, 3 wt% of a water repellent, and 1.5 wt% of a dispersant;

[0148] The preparation method of the nano-dispersion liquid includes: mixing the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid according to the formula amounts, performing shear dispersion treatment at a dispersion speed of 5000 rpm for 30 min, and then performing ultrasonic treatment at a power of 500 W for 10 min;

[0149] The coating includes slot coating; the coating speed in the slot coating is 15 m / min; the thickness of the coating is 180 nm.

[0150] Example 4

[0151] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0152] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 32 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0153] In this example, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0154] In this example, the thickness of the coating described in step (1) is adjusted to 40 μm.

[0155] Example 5

[0156] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0157] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0158] In this example, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0159] In this example, the organically modified silica sol in the preparation raw materials of the organic-inorganic hybrid sol in step (1) is adjusted to a silica sol with an equal mass fraction.

[0160] Example 6

[0161] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0162] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0163] In this example, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0164] In this example, the composite modifier in the preparation raw materials of the organic-inorganic hybrid sol in step (1) is adjusted to 20 wt% of polyurethane, that is, the epoxy resin in the original composite modifier is omitted.

[0165] Example 7

[0166] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0167] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0168] In this example, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0169] In this embodiment, the composite modifier in the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol described in step (1) is adjusted to 20 wt% of epoxy resin, that is, the polyurethane in the original composite modifier is omitted.

[0170] Example 8

[0171] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0172] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0173] In this embodiment, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0174] In this embodiment, the temperature of the drying treatment described in step (1) is adjusted to 120 °C.

[0175] Example 9

[0176] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0177] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0178] In this embodiment, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0179] In this embodiment, the temperature of the curing treatment described in step (1) is adjusted to 260 °C.

[0180] Example 10

[0181] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0182] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0183] In this embodiment, the difference between the double - coating method of the double - coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Embodiment 1 is only that:

[0184] In this embodiment, the Al2O3 nanoparticles in the raw materials for preparing the nano - dispersion liquid in step (2) are adjusted to SiO2 nanoparticles with the same mass fraction.

[0185] Embodiment 11

[0186] This embodiment provides a double - coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV - curable surface layer, an organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV - curable surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0187] The thickness of the organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV - curable surface layer is 120 nm.

[0188] In this embodiment, the difference between the double - coating method of the double - coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Embodiment 1 is only that:

[0189] In this embodiment, the SiO2 nanoparticles in the raw materials for preparing the nano - dispersion liquid in step (2) are adjusted to Al2O3 nanoparticles with the same mass fraction.

[0190] Embodiment 12

[0191] This embodiment provides a double - coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV - curable surface layer, an organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV - curable surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0192] The thickness of the organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV - curable surface layer is 120 nm.

[0193] In this embodiment, the difference between the double - coating method of the double - coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Embodiment 1 is only that:

[0194] In this embodiment, the SiO2 nanoparticles and Al2O3 nanoparticles in the raw materials for preparing the nano - dispersion liquid in step (2) are adjusted to nano - titanium dioxide particles with an average particle size of 30 nm and the same mass fraction.

[0195] Embodiment 13

[0196] This embodiment provides a double - coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV - curable surface layer, an organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic - inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV - curable surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0197] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0198] In this embodiment, the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass is only different from that of Example 1 in that:

[0199] In this embodiment, the anti-reflection agent in the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid described in step (2) is adjusted to a composition of magnesium fluoride, silica sol and titanium dioxide nanoparticles with a mass ratio of 1:1:1.

[0200] Example 14

[0201] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0202] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0203] In this embodiment, the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass is only different from that of Example 1 in that:

[0204] In this embodiment, the temperature of the infrared drying treatment described in step (2) is adjusted to 50 °C.

[0205] Example 15

[0206] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0207] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0208] In this embodiment, the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass is only different from that of Example 1 in that:

[0209] In this embodiment, the temperature of the infrared drying treatment described in step (2) is adjusted to 100 °C.

[0210] Example 16

[0211] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0212] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0213] In this embodiment, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Embodiment 1 is only that:

[0214] In this embodiment, the infrared drying treatment in step (2) is adjusted to: drying treatment in an oven for 3.5 min at a temperature of 70 °C.

[0215] Embodiment 17

[0216] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0217] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0218] In this embodiment, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Embodiment 1 is only that:

[0219] In this embodiment, the UV curing in step (2) is adjusted to: curing treatment in an oven for 10 min at a curing temperature of 300 °C.

[0220] Embodiment 18

[0221] This embodiment provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0222] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0223] In this embodiment, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Embodiment 1 is only that:

[0224] In this embodiment, the wavelength of the ultraviolet light in the UV curing in step (2) is adjusted to 200 nm.

[0225] Example 19

[0226] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0227] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0228] In this example, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0229] In this example, the intensity of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is adjusted to 500 mW / cm 2 .

[0230] Example 20

[0231] This example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass, which includes: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer, and a chemically strengthened glass substrate; the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is disposed between the UV-cured surface layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0232] The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 80 nm; the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120 nm.

[0233] In this example, the difference between the double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0234] In this example, the exposure time of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is adjusted to 2 min.

[0235] Comparative Example 1

[0236] This comparative example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass. The difference between the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0237] In this comparative example, the UV-cured surface layer is disposed between the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer and the chemically strengthened glass substrate.

[0238] The double-coating method of the double-coated chemically strengthened glass in this comparative example is the same as that of Example 1.

[0239] Comparative Example 2

[0240] This comparative example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass. The difference between the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0241] This comparative example omits the setting of the UV-cured surface layer.

[0242] Comparative Example 3

[0243] This comparative example provides a double-coated chemically strengthened glass. The difference between the double-coated chemically strengthened glass and that of Example 1 is only that:

[0244] This comparative example omits the setting of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer.

[0245] Application Example

[0246] Using the double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided by the above-mentioned examples and comparative examples to prepare a photovoltaic module, the photovoltaic module includes the first photovoltaic module as shown in Figure 2 and / or the second photovoltaic module as shown in Figure 3 ;

[0247] The first photovoltaic module includes a double-coated chemically strengthened glass 4 with a thickness of 2 mm, a first adhesive film 5, a battery cell 6, a second adhesive film 7, and a backsheet 8 stacked in sequence;

[0248] The second photovoltaic module includes a double-coated chemically strengthened glass 4 with a thickness of 2 mm, a first adhesive film 5, a battery cell 6, a second adhesive film 7, and a double-coated chemically strengthened glass 4 with a thickness of 2 mm stacked in sequence.

[0249] Performance Detection:

[0250] (1) Conduct light transmittance detection, refractive index detection, and adhesion detection on the double-coated chemically strengthened glass provided by the above-mentioned examples and comparative examples. The results are shown in Table 2;

[0251] The method for the adhesion detection refers to GB / T 9286-1998 "Cross-Cut Test for Coatings";

[0252] The method for the light transmittance detection refers to ASTM E903-20 Standard Test Method for Solar Absorptance, Reflectance, and Transmittance of Materials (Integral Method).

[0253] The method for the refractive index detection refers to GB-T 7962.1-2010 Test Methods for Colorless Optical Glass - Part 1: Refractive Index and Abbe Number;

[0254] (2) Conduct hail resistance detection on the first photovoltaic module and the second photovoltaic module provided by the application example. The results are shown in Table 2;

[0255] The test method for the hail resistance detection refers to IEC 61215 standard; among them, the speed of the hail is 132 m / s, and the higher the diameter of the hail that the photovoltaic module can withstand, the stronger its hail resistance.

[0256] Table 2

[0257]

[0258]

[0259] As can be seen from Table 1, the following points are known:

[0260] (1) Through comprehensive analysis of Examples 1-3, it can be seen that in the present invention, by laminating a UV-curing surface layer and an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer on a chemically strengthened glass substrate, while achieving high strength of the tempered glass, the light transmittance is improved;

[0261] (2) Through comprehensive analysis of Examples 1 and 4, it can be seen that compared with Example 1, reducing the thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer will result in a decrease in the light transmittance and adhesion of the film layer; and a too thin thickness will also lead to insufficient film layer coverage and stress buffering failure;

[0262] (3) Through comprehensive analysis of Examples 1 and 5-7, it can be seen that the selection of the preparation raw materials of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer will affect the quality of the obtained bottom layer;

[0263] For example, in Example 5, if the organic sol is replaced with an inorganic sol, it will lead to a significant decrease in light transmittance and a reduction in adhesion ability. The reason is that the inorganic solvent lacks the flexibility of the organic phase, thereby resulting in a weakening of the interfacial bonding force and deterioration of optical properties;

[0264] For example, in Examples 6-7, if the composite modifier is adjusted to any one of polyurethane or epoxy resin, it will lead to a decrease in the simulated light transmittance and film layer adhesion ability of the tempered glass; more specifically, when only polyurethane is used, the flexibility of the film layer is insufficient and the interfacial bonding force decreases; when only epoxy resin is used, the brittleness of the film layer increases and the thermal stress mismatch occurs;

[0265] (4) Through comprehensive analysis of Examples 1 and 8-9, it can be seen that the selection of the drying or curing temperature in the preparation process of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer will affect the curing effect of the bottom layer;

[0266] More specifically, when the temperature of the drying treatment is too high, it will lead to a decrease in light transmittance and adhesion, because the too high temperature causes too fast solvent evaporation rate resulting in film layer defects; when the temperature of the curing treatment is too high, it will lead to a sudden drop in light transmittance and adhesion, because the over-crosslinking causes microcracks and peeling;

[0267] (5) Through comprehensive analysis of Examples 1 and 10-12, it can be seen that the selection of the nanoparticles used in the preparation raw materials of the UV-curing surface layer will affect the refractive index of the surface layer;

[0268] When the use of SiO2 nanoparticles is omitted, the light transmittance of the film layer will decrease, the refractive index will increase, and the anti-reflection function will be weakened; when the use of Al2O3 nanoparticles is omitted, the light transmittance and wear resistance of the film layer will decrease;

[0269] When all SiO2 nanoparticles and Al2O3 nanoparticles are replaced by nano-titanium dioxide particles, the light transmittance and adhesion of the film layer will be reduced. Nano-titanium dioxide particles have a high refractive index, and their presence will destroy the optical matching.

[0270] (6) Comprehensive analysis of Example 1 and Example 13 shows that when the anti-reflective agent in the raw materials for preparing the UV-curable surface layer is a combination of magnesium fluoride, silica sol and titanium dioxide particles, the light transmittance of the obtained double-coated chemically tempered glass is better, which further illustrates the synergistic effect of magnesium fluoride, silica sol and titanium dioxide particles, and further optimizes the performance of chemically tempered glass;

[0271] (7) Comprehensive analysis of Example 1 and Examples 14-20 shows that the selection of process conditions for drying and curing during the preparation of the UV-curable surface layer will affect the quality of the surface layer;

[0272] More specifically, compared to ovens, infrared drying and ultraviolet curing have the advantages of uniform heating, rapid heating, and energy saving;

[0273] (8) Comprehensive analysis of Example 1 and Comparative Examples 1-3 shows that the double-coated structure of the double-coated chemically tempered glass of the present invention is a necessary condition to ensure that the tempered glass has a better transmittance. Omitting any one of the film layers will lead to a decrease in transmittance; if the coating order of the surface layer and the bottom layer is changed, the transmittance will be reduced and the adhesion will be reduced. The bottom layer cannot effectively buffer the stress, and the surface layer is in direct contact with the substrate, resulting in performance degradation;

[0274] (9) Comprehensive analysis of the above embodiments and comparative examples shows that the photovoltaic module including the double-coated chemically tempered glass provided by the present invention has excellent anti-hail capability;

[0275] Whether it is a change in the thickness of the double-layer coating on the surface of chemically tempered glass or a change in the raw materials used to prepare the double-layer coating, its hail resistance will be reduced.

[0276] In summary, the present invention achieves the improvement of glass strength and light transmittance by sequentially arranging an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer and a UV-cured top layer on the surface of a chemically tempered glass substrate.

[0277] The applicant declares that the above is only a specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art should understand that any changes or substitutions that can be easily thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention fall within the protection scope and the disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A double-coated chemically tempered glass, characterized in that: The double-coated chemically tempered glass comprises: a UV-cured surface layer, an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer and a chemically tempered glass substrate; The organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is arranged between the UV curing surface layer and the chemically toughened glass substrate.

2. The double-coated chemically tempered glass according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer is 50 to 300 nm; Preferably, the thickness of the UV-cured surface layer is 120-180 nm.

3. A double coating method for double-coated chemically tempered glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The double coating method comprises: (1) coating an organic-inorganic hybrid sol on the surface of a chemically tempered glass substrate, and then sequentially performing a gelation treatment, a drying treatment, and a curing treatment to obtain an organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer; (2) coating the surface of the organic-inorganic hybrid bottom layer obtained in step (1) with a nano-dispersion liquid, and then sequentially performing infrared drying treatment and UV curing treatment to obtain a UV-cured surface layer.

4. The double coating method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol in step (1) include, by mass fraction, 45-75 wt % of organic modified silica sol, 20-50 wt % of composite modifier, 0.5-2 wt % of acid catalyst, 0.1-1 wt % of leveling agent, 1-5 wt % of plasticizer, and 10-30 wt % of organic solvent; Preferably, the composite modifier comprises polyurethane and epoxy resin; Preferably, the mass ratio of the polyurethane to the epoxy resin is 1 to 2:1; Preferably, the acidic catalyst comprises any one or a combination of at least two of hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid or p-toluenesulfonic acid; Preferably, the plasticizer includes any one of a phthalate plasticizer, a citric acid ester plasticizer or a polyester plasticizer; Preferably, the organic solvent comprises ethanol or isopropanol.

5. The double coating method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The method for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol comprises: mixing the raw materials for preparing the organic-inorganic hybrid sol according to the formula amount, and then performing stirring treatment and aging treatment in sequence; Preferably, the stirring process has a rotation speed of 300 to 500 rpm; Preferably, the stirring treatment time is 4 to 6 hours; Preferably, the temperature of the aging treatment is 20-30°C; Preferably, the ambient humidity of the aging treatment is 40-60%; Preferably, the aging treatment time is 24 to 48 hours.

6. The double coating method according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that: The coating in step (1) comprises spin coating or dip coating; Preferably, the rotation speed in the spin coating is 1000 to 3000 rpm; Preferably, the pulling speed in the dipping coating is 10 to 50 mm / min; Preferably, the coating thickness in step (1) is 80 to 350 μm; Preferably, the gelation treatment in step (1) comprises a standing treatment; Preferably, the temperature of the static treatment is 20-30°C; Preferably, the static treatment time is 30 to 60 minutes; Preferably, the ambient humidity of the static treatment is 50-70%; Preferably, the temperature of the drying treatment in step (1) is 80-100° C. Preferably, the drying time in step (1) is 10 to 30 minutes; Preferably, the curing temperature in step (1) is 150-200°C; Preferably, the curing treatment time in step (1) is 1 to 2 hours.

7. The double coating method according to claim 3, characterized in that: In terms of mass fraction, the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid in step (2) include: 70-85wt% of a curing resin, 5-10wt% of SiO2 nanoparticles, 3-5wt% of Al2O3 nanoparticles, 1-3wt% of an antireflection agent, 0.5-2wt% of a hydrophobic agent, and 0.5-1.5wt% of a dispersant; Preferably, the curing resin comprises polyurethane acrylate or low temperature epoxy resin; Preferably, the average particle size of the SiO2 nanoparticles is 10 to 50 nm; Preferably, the average particle size of the Al2O3 nanoparticles is 30 to 50 nm; Preferably, the antireflective agent comprises any one of magnesium fluoride, silica sol, titanium dioxide nanoparticles, or a combination of at least two thereof; Preferably, the hydrophobic agent includes any one of perfluoroalkylsilane, tridecafluorooctyltriethoxysilane or octadecyltrimethoxysilane, or a combination of at least two thereof.

8. The double coating method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The preparation method of the nano-dispersion liquid comprises: mixing the raw materials for preparing the nano-dispersion liquid according to the formula amount, and then sequentially performing shear dispersion treatment and ultrasonic treatment; Preferably, the dispersion speed of the shear dispersion treatment is 2000 to 5000 rpm; Preferably, the shearing and dispersing treatment takes 30 to 60 minutes; Preferably, the power of the ultrasonic treatment is 300-500W; Preferably, the ultrasonic treatment time is 10 to 20 minutes.

9. The double coating method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The coating in step (2) comprises spray coating or slit coating; Preferably, the spray gun pressure during the spraying is 0.2-0.5 MPa; Preferably, the coating speed in the slit coating is 5 to 20 m / min; Preferably, the coating thickness in step (2) is 150 to 200 nm; Preferably, the temperature of the infrared drying treatment in step (2) is 60-80°C; Preferably, the infrared wavelength in the infrared drying process in step (2) is 2.5 to 5 μm; Preferably, the infrared drying treatment time in step (2) is 2 to 5 minutes; Preferably, the wavelength of ultraviolet light in the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 360-370 nm; Preferably, the intensity of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 1000-3000 mW / cm 2 ; Preferably, the exposure time of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 10 to 60 seconds; Preferably, the energy density of the UV curing treatment in step (2) is 3 to 6 J / cm 2 .

10. An application of the double-coated chemically tempered glass as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The double-coated chemically tempered glass is used for making photovoltaic modules.

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