Laser shock and scanning cooperative gear strengthening system and shock strengthening method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of gear machining, in particular to a laser shock and scanning cooperative gear strengthening system and a shock strengthening method. The system comprises a gear positioning module, a gear scanning module and a gear tooth strengthening module. The gear positioning module comprises a gear matching unit and a gear moving unit and is used for matching to-be-strengthened gears with different apertures and driving the to-be-strengthened gears to rotate and move in multiple directions, and the gear scanning module comprises a laser scanning unit and a main control unit and is used for scanning to obtain gear tooth parameters of the to-be-strengthened gears; and the gear tooth strengthening module comprises a laser shock unit and a shock constraint unit, and is used for generating micro-scale shock laser beams corresponding to a plurality of to-be-strengthened positions on gear teeth of a to-be-strengthened gear and forming a constraint layer on the gear teeth. The precision and efficiency of gear strengthening can be greatly improved, the laser shock machining technology is simplified, and automatic laser shock strengthening is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and in particular to a gear strengthening system and an impact strengthening method that synergize laser shock and scanning. Background Art

[0002] As a key component in mechanical transmission systems, gears are widely used in fields such as automobiles, aerospace, ships, wind power, and machine tools. Their surface properties directly determine the service life and transmission efficiency of gears, such as hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance. However, when gears operate under high speed, heavy load, and complex working conditions, the tooth surface is prone to problems such as wear, pitting, spalling, and even fracture, which seriously affect the reliability and service life of the equipment. Therefore, improving the surface properties of gears has always been an important research direction in the field of surface engineering.

[0003] Traditional gear surface strengthening technologies mainly include carburizing and quenching, nitriding treatment, shot peening, etc. Although these methods improve the surface hardness and wear resistance of gears to a certain extent, they still have the following limitations: (1) Carburizing and quenching: The process is complex, energy consumption is high, and it is easy to produce deformation and residual stress, affecting the accuracy of gears; (2) Nitriding treatment: The treatment cycle is long, the cost is high, and the selectivity of materials is strong; (3) Shot peening: The strengthening effect is uneven, it is difficult to precisely control the strengthening area, and the adaptability to the geometric shape of gears is poor.

[0004] In recent years, laser shock peening (LSP) technology, as a new surface strengthening method, has gradually attracted attention. Its principle is to use a high-energy laser beam to generate a plasma explosion on the material surface, forming a shock wave, so that the material surface undergoes plastic deformation and residual compressive stress, thereby improving the hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance of the material. Compared with traditional methods, laser shock peening has the following advantages: Non-contact processing, without direct contact with the workpiece, avoiding mechanical damage. High-precision control, the strengthening area and depth can be precisely controlled by adjusting laser parameters. Wide adaptability, suitable for workpieces with complex geometric shapes, such as the tooth surface and tooth root of gears.

[0005] However, there are still some problems in the practical application of existing laser shock peening technologies: Traditional laser shock peening requires coating an absorption layer on the workpiece surface, such as black paint or aluminum foil, to enhance the absorption of laser energy. This not only increases the process complexity but also may cause environmental pollution. Secondly, traditional methods usually use a single laser beam for point-by-point strengthening, with low efficiency and difficulty in meeting the requirements of large-scale production. Moreover, the degree of automation of traditional methods is insufficient, relying mostly on manual operation, and it is difficult to achieve high-precision and high-efficiency automated processing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a gear strengthening system and an impact strengthening method that cooperate laser shock and scanning, so as to solve the problems of complex process, low efficiency and insufficient automation in the existing laser shock strengthening method.

[0007] The present invention discloses a gear strengthening system that cooperates laser shock and scanning, including: A gear positioning module, including a gear matching unit and a gear moving unit. The gear matching unit is used to match the gears to be strengthened with different hole diameters and drive the gears to be strengthened to rotate. The gear moving unit is connected to the gear matching unit and is used to drive the gear matching unit to move in multiple directions; A gear scanning module, including a laser scanning unit and a main control unit. The laser scanning unit is used to scan and obtain the tooth parameters of the gears to be strengthened. The main control unit is electrically connected to the laser scanning unit, the gear matching unit and the gear moving unit respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the gear matching unit and the gear moving unit according to the tooth parameters scanned by the laser scanning unit; A tooth strengthening module, including a laser shock unit and an impact constraint unit. The laser shock unit is electrically connected to the main control unit and is used to generate micro-scale shock laser beams corresponding to multiple positions to be strengthened on the teeth of the gears to be strengthened. The impact constraint unit is electrically connected to the main control unit and is used to form a constraint layer that restricts the micro-scale shock laser beams on the teeth of the gears to be strengthened before the laser shock unit performs laser shock.

[0008] Optionally, the gear matching unit includes a first driving motor and a hole diameter matching component. The hole diameter matching component includes a support member rotatably arranged on the output shaft of the first driving motor. The output shaft of the first driving motor is fitted with the wheel hole of the gear to be strengthened through the support member, and the support member matches the wheel hole of the gear to be strengthened through diameter expansion or contraction under adaptive deformation.

[0009] Optionally, the hole diameter matching component further includes sliders located on both sides of the support member. The sliders are arranged on the output shaft of the first driving motor. The sliders are connected to the output shaft of the first driving motor through fixing bolts, and the two sliders form a limiting clamp on the support member after being fixed.

[0010] Optionally, the gear moving unit includes a first displacement component, which includes a first support base, a second driving motor, a first gear, and a first rack. The first driving motor and the first rack are respectively arranged on the first support base, and the first rack is parallel to the output shaft of the first driving motor. The first gear is arranged on the output shaft of the second driving motor, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack, so that after the second driving motor operates, it drives the first support base to displace back and forth along the central axis of the first driving motor.

[0011] Optionally, the gear moving unit includes a second displacement component, which includes a second support base, a third driving motor, a second gear, and a second rack. The second driving motor and the second rack are respectively arranged on the second support base, and the second rack is vertically arranged. The second gear is arranged on the output shaft of the third driving motor, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack, so that after the third driving motor operates, it drives the second support base to displace up and down in the vertical direction.

[0012] Optionally, the laser shock unit includes a laser emission component, which includes a laser generator and a laser emission head. The laser generator is electrically connected to the main controller, the laser emission head is electrically connected to the laser generator, and the laser emission head is located above the gear matching unit, so that after the gear to be strengthened is assembled on the gear matching unit, the emission direction of the laser emission head faces the area to be strengthened on the top teeth of the gear to be strengthened.

[0013] Optionally, the laser shock unit includes multiple groups of the laser emission components, and the laser emission heads in each group of the laser emission components respectively correspond to the tooth top, left tooth surface, right tooth surface, and tooth bottom positions on a single tooth at the top of the gear to be strengthened. Among them, the laser shock unit further includes a first servo motor electrically connected to the control unit, and multiple laser emission heads are correspondingly arranged on the first servo motor.

[0014] Optionally, the shock constraint unit includes a water tank and a water spray head. A water pump electrically connected to the main controller is arranged on the water tank. The water spray head is connected to the water pump through a pipeline, and the water spray head is located above the gear matching unit, so that after the gear to be strengthened is assembled on the gear matching unit, the water spraying direction of the water spray head faces the teeth at the top of the gear to be strengthened.

[0015] Optionally, the impact constraint unit includes a plurality of the water spray heads distributed along the circumferential direction of the gear to be strengthened on the top of the gear to be strengthened. The impact constraint unit further includes a second servo motor electrically connected to the control unit, and the plurality of water spray heads are correspondingly arranged on the second servo motor.

[0016] The present invention also discloses an impact strengthening method, which adopts the above-mentioned gear strengthening system with coordinated laser impact and scanning, and includes: S1. Load the gear to be strengthened on the gear matching unit, and use the laser scanning unit to perform an initial scan on the loaded gear to be strengthened, and obtain the initial position information of the gear to be strengthened through the scan. S2. Determine the center of the coordinate system of the gear strengthening system. According to the initial position information of the gear to be strengthened, use the gear moving unit to adjust the position of the gear to be strengthened until the gear to be strengthened is aligned with the center of the coordinate system of the gear strengthening system. S3. After determining that the gear to be strengthened is aligned, use the gear matching unit to drive the gear to be strengthened to rotate slowly, and use the laser scanning unit to continuously scan the gear to be strengthened, and obtain the gear parameters of the gear to be strengthened in real time through the scan. S4. After the main control unit receives the obtained gear parameters, extract the center position data, rotation angle data and three-dimensional point cloud data of the gear surface of the gear to be strengthened from the gear parameters, and calculate the tooth tip position data, left tooth surface position data, right tooth surface position data, tooth bottom position data and number of teeth of each tooth on the gear to be strengthened according to the extracted data. S5. According to the calculated position data, control the laser impact unit to simultaneously emit impact laser beams to the tooth tip, left tooth surface, right tooth surface and tooth bottom of the adjacent tooth for strengthening, and control the impact constraint unit to spray water to the strengthening area of the adjacent tooth to form a constraint layer. S6. After a single tooth is strengthened, calculate the rotation angle of the next tooth to be strengthened of the gear to be strengthened according to the number of teeth, and according to the calculated rotation angle, use the gear matching unit to drive the gear to be strengthened to rotate until the next tooth to be strengthened of the gear to be strengthened enters the strengthening area of the laser impact unit, and repeat steps S5 - S6 until the strengthening of the entire gear to be strengthened is completed.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the gear strengthening system and the impact strengthening method with coordinated laser impact and scanning provided by the embodiments of the present invention are as follows: By adopting the coordination of laser scanning and micro-scale laser shock, the laser scanning unit obtains the tooth parameters of the gear to be strengthened through scanning, including the tooth tip, left tooth surface, right tooth surface, and tooth bottom position information of each tooth of the gear to be strengthened, as well as the angle that each tooth needs to rotate. Thus, through the precise positioning of the positions of the areas to be strengthened on each tooth of the gear to be strengthened, the laser shock unit generates micro-scale shock laser beams corresponding to multiple positions to be strengthened on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened, so as to simultaneously perform laser shock strengthening on multiple positions to be strengthened on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of strengthening. At the same time, by using micro-scale laser for shock strengthening, the traditional laser shock strengthening technology of arranging an absorption layer is cancelled. Only a constraint layer needs to be formed on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened through the shock constraint unit, so that the micro-scale laser directly penetrates the constraint layer to form a transient high-pressure shock wave and acts on the tooth surface, greatly simplifying the laser shock processing technology and expanding the applicable scenarios of laser shock strengthening. In addition, the position of the gear to be strengthened is also optimized by the gear moving unit in real time to achieve rapid and automatic laser shock strengthening of the gear to be strengthened. Description of the Drawings

[0018] The technical solutions of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and embodiments. In the drawings: Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gear strengthening system with the coordination of laser shock and scanning provided by the embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the gear matching unit provided by the embodiment of the present invention.

[0019] The reference numerals in the drawings are as follows: 1. Gear matching unit; 11. First driving motor; 12. Support member; 13. Slide block; 14. Fixing bolt; 2. Gear moving unit; 21. Second driving motor; 22. First rack; 23. Third driving motor; 24. Second rack; 3. Laser scanning unit; 4. Main control unit; 5. Laser shock unit; 51. Laser generator; 52. Laser emitting head; 6. Shock constraint unit; 61. Water tank; 62. Water spray head; 7. Gear to be strengthened. Detailed Embodiments

[0020] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other. Now, in conjunction with the drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

[0021] The present invention discloses a gear strengthening system with the coordination of laser shock and scanning, as Figure 1 shown, including: The gear positioning module includes a gear matching unit 1 and a gear moving unit 2. The gear matching unit 1 is used to match the gears to be strengthened 7 with different hole diameters and drive the gears to be strengthened 7 to rotate. The gear moving unit 2 is connected to the gear matching unit 1 and is used to drive the gear matching unit 1 to move in multiple directions; The gear scanning module includes a laser scanning unit 3 and a main control unit 4. The laser scanning unit 3 is used to scan and obtain the tooth parameters of the gear to be strengthened 7. The main control unit 4 is electrically connected to the laser scanning unit 3, the gear matching unit 1, and the gear moving unit 2 respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the gear matching unit 1 and the gear moving unit 2 according to the tooth parameters scanned by the laser scanning unit 3; The tooth strengthening module includes a laser shock unit 5 and a shock constraint unit 6. The laser shock unit 5 is electrically connected to the main control unit 4 and is used to generate micro-scale shock laser beams corresponding to multiple positions to be strengthened on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened 7. The shock constraint unit 6 is electrically connected to the main control unit 4 and is used to form a constraint layer that restricts the micro-scale shock laser beams on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened 7 before the laser shock unit 5 performs laser shock.

[0022] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the gear strengthening system, the cooperation of laser scanning and micro-scale laser shock is adopted. The laser scanning unit 3 scans to obtain the tooth parameters of the gear to be strengthened 7, including the tooth tip, left tooth surface, right tooth surface, and tooth bottom position information of each tooth of the gear to be strengthened 7, as well as the angle that each tooth needs to rotate. Thus, through the precise positioning of the positions to be strengthened on each tooth of the gear to be strengthened 7, the laser shock unit 5 generates micro-scale shock laser beams corresponding to multiple positions to be strengthened on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened 7, so as to simultaneously perform laser shock strengthening on multiple positions to be strengthened on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened 7, thereby greatly improving the accuracy and efficiency of strengthening. At the same time, using micro-scale laser for shock strengthening cancels the absorption layer that needs to be coated on the workpiece surface in the traditional laser shock strengthening technology. Only a constraint layer, such as an aqueous solution, needs to be formed on the teeth of the gear to be strengthened 7 through the shock constraint unit 6, so that the micro-scale laser directly penetrates the constraint layer to form a transient high-pressure shock wave and acts on the tooth surface. In view of the uneven characteristics of the gear surface, it is difficult to coat the absorption coating on its surface. However, by using micro-scale laser shock strengthening, the process flow can be greatly simplified, the production efficiency can be significantly improved, and the applicable scenarios of laser shock strengthening are expanded. Among them, the micro-scale laser uses a micron-level light spot (usually dozens to hundreds of microns), and by using an ultra-short pulse, the energy is released in an extremely short time, generating a huge shock wave pressure, driving the material surface to undergo severe plastic deformation, thereby achieving local strengthening. In addition, the position of the gear to be strengthened 7 is also optimized by adjusting the gear moving unit 2 in real time, combined with the linkage control of the main control unit 4 for other units, so as to realize the rapid and automatic laser shock strengthening of the gear to be strengthened 7.

[0023] Among them, the laser scanning unit 3 is preferably a lidar, ensuring that it can accurately measure the distance and shape of the surface of the gear 7 to be strengthened. It uses the principle of emitting laser beams and receiving reflected signals to accurately measure the distance and shape of the object surface. During one rotation of the gear 7 to be strengthened, the lidar continuously scans it to obtain the three-dimensional point cloud data of the surface of the gear 7 to be strengthened. These data cover key information such as the precise shape, size, and surface features of the gear. The main control unit 4 is preferably an industrial-grade embedded controller or a high-performance programmable logic controller combined with a motion control module.

[0024] Furthermore, in combination with Figure 2 As shown, the gear matching unit 1 includes a first drive motor 11 and an aperture matching component. The aperture matching component includes a support member 12 rotatably arranged on the output shaft of the first drive motor 11. The output shaft of the first drive motor 11 is fitted with the wheel hole of the gear 7 to be strengthened through the support member 12, and the support member 12 matches the wheel hole of the gear 7 to be strengthened through the diameter expansion or contraction under adaptive deformation.

[0025] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the gear strengthening system, the support member 12 is a mechanical mechanism with a diameter that can be adaptively expanded or contracted, such as a diamond bracket composed of multiple connecting rods. By using the diameter of the support member 12 that can be adaptively expanded or contracted, gears 7 to be strengthened with different apertures (i.e., different sizes) can be adapted. Thus, by adjusting the diameter of the support member 12, the outer wall of the maximum diameter of the support member 12 can be closely attached to the inner wall of the hole of the gear 7 to be strengthened. Furthermore, the gear 7 to be strengthened is fixed on the output shaft of the first drive motor 11 through the support member 12, ensuring that the gear 7 to be strengthened does not displace during rotation and can adapt to the processing of gears 7 to be strengthened with different sizes without replacing the size of the first drive motor 11, greatly saving costs.

[0026] Furthermore, the aperture matching component further includes sliders 13 located on both sides of the support member 12. The sliders 13 are arranged on the output shaft of the first drive motor 11. The sliders 13 are connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor 11 through fixing bolts 14, and after the two sliders 13 are fixed, they form a limiting clamp on the support member 12.

[0027] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the gear strengthening system, by using the arrangement of the sliders 13, the sliders 13 are fixed on the output shaft of the first drive motor 11, and the two sliders 13 form a limiting clamp on the support member 12 to ensure that the gear 7 to be strengthened does not displace during rotation. And when replacing gears 7 to be strengthened with different sizes, only the distance between the two sliders 13 needs to be adjusted to move both ends of the support member 12 so that its maximum diameter part can be telescoped or expanded to facilitate matching gears 7 to be strengthened with different apertures (i.e., different sizes).

[0028] Furthermore, the gear moving unit 2 includes a first displacement component. The first displacement component includes a first support base, a second driving motor 21, a first gear, and a first rack 22. The first driving motor 11 and the first rack 22 are respectively arranged on the first support base, and the first rack 22 is parallel to the output shaft of the first driving motor 11. The first gear is arranged on the output shaft of the second driving motor 21, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack 22, so that after the second driving motor 21 operates, it drives the first support base to displace back and forth along the central axis of the first driving motor 11.

[0029] Through the implementation of the above-described gear strengthening system embodiment, by utilizing the meshing connection between the first rack 22 and the first gear, and the drive of the second driving motor 21, the rotational motion of the second driving motor 21 is converted into the linear motion of the first support base along the central axis of the first driving motor 11. Through the meshing structure of the first rack 22 and the first gear, a relatively high transmission efficiency can be provided, energy loss can be reduced, and at the same time, a relatively large transmission torque can also be provided, realizing the precise back-and-forth displacement control of the first support base, as well as the first driving motor 11 and the gear to be strengthened 7 on the first support base, enabling the teeth to be strengthened on the gear to be strengthened 7 to accurately correspond to the laser shock unit 5 and the shock constraint unit 6, so as to ensure the stability of the gear to be strengthened 7 during operation, thereby adapting to different working conditions.

[0030] Furthermore, the gear moving unit 2 includes a second displacement component. The second displacement component includes a second support base, a third driving motor 23, a second gear, and a second rack 24. The second driving motor 21 and the second rack 24 are respectively arranged on the second support base, and the second rack 24 is arranged vertically. The second gear is arranged on the output shaft of the third driving motor 23, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack 24, so that after the third driving motor 23 operates, it drives the second support base to displace up and down along the vertical direction.

[0031] Through the implementation of the above-described gear strengthening system embodiment, by utilizing the meshing connection between the second rack 24 and the second gear, and the drive of the third driving motor 23, the rotational motion of the third driving motor 23 is converted into the linear motion of the second support base along the vertical direction. Through the meshing structure of the second rack 24 and the second gear, a relatively high transmission efficiency can be provided, energy loss can be reduced, and at the same time, a relatively large transmission torque can also be provided, realizing the precise up-and-down displacement control of the second support base, as well as the second driving motor 21, the first support base, the first driving motor 11, and the gear to be strengthened 7 on the second support base, further enabling the teeth to be strengthened on the gear to be strengthened 7 to accurately correspond to the laser shock unit 5 and the shock constraint unit 6, so as to ensure the stability of the gear to be strengthened 7 during operation, thereby adapting to different working conditions.

[0032] As described above, the first drive motor 11, the second drive motor 21, and the third drive motor 23 are preferably servo motors, and parameters of each servo motor can be set in advance. For example, according to the gears 7 to be strengthened with different models and specifications, the rotation speed and angle range of the first drive motor 11, and the moving speed and stroke range of the second drive motor 21 and the third drive motor 23 are preset. At the same time, the laser parameters of the laser shock unit 5, such as wavelength, pulse width, energy density, etc., are debugged to meet the process requirements of gear micro-scale laser shock strengthening.

[0033] Further, the laser shock unit 5 includes a laser emission assembly. The laser emission assembly includes a laser generator 51 and a laser emitter 52. The laser generator 51 is electrically connected to the main controller, the laser emitter 52 is electrically connected to the laser generator 51, and the laser emitter 52 is located above the gear matching unit 1. After the gear 7 to be strengthened is assembled to the gear matching unit 1, the emission direction of the laser emitter 52 faces the area to be strengthened on the top teeth of the gear 7 to be strengthened.

[0034] Further, the laser shock unit 5 includes multiple groups of laser emission assemblies, and the laser emitters 52 in each group of laser emission assemblies respectively correspond to the tooth tip, left tooth surface, right tooth surface, and tooth bottom positions on a single tooth at the top of the gear 7 to be strengthened. Among them, the laser shock unit 5 further includes a first servo motor electrically connected to the control unit, and multiple laser emitters 52 are correspondingly arranged on the first servo motor.

[0035] Through the implementation of the above embodiments of the gear strengthening system, multiple laser emitters 52 distributed along the circumferential direction of the gear 7 to be strengthened at the top of the gear 7 to be strengthened are used, so that each laser emitter 52 corresponds to the tooth tip, left tooth surface, right tooth surface, and tooth bottom of a single tooth at the top of the gear 7 to be strengthened one by one, so as to realize the coverage strengthening of the entire tooth surface of a single tooth at the top of the gear 7 to be strengthened, and thus the strengthening of the entire tooth can be completed in a single processing. In addition, the first servo motor is used to drive the laser emitter 52 to adjust the emission angle in real time to compensate for the offset caused by the assembly error or thermal deformation of the gear 7 to be strengthened, and ensure that the action direction of the shock wave is always perpendicular to the surface of the position to be strengthened on the tooth.

[0036] Further, the shock constraint unit 6 includes a water tank 61 and a water spray head 62. A water pump electrically connected to the main controller is arranged on the water tank 61. The water spray head 62 is connected to the water pump through a pipeline, and the water spray head 62 is located above the gear matching unit 1. After the gear 7 to be strengthened is assembled to the gear matching unit 1, the water spraying direction of the water spray head 62 faces the teeth at the top of the gear 7 to be strengthened.

[0037] Further, the impact constraint unit 6 includes a plurality of water spray nozzles 62 distributed along the circumferential direction of the gear to be strengthened 7 at the top of the gear to be strengthened 7. The impact constraint unit 6 further includes a second servo motor electrically connected to the control unit, and the plurality of water spray nozzles 62 are correspondingly arranged on the second servo motor.

[0038] By implementing the above-described embodiment of the gear strengthening system, a plurality of water spray nozzles 62 distributed along the circumferential direction of the gear to be strengthened 7 at the top of the gear to be strengthened 7 enable the plurality of water spray nozzles 62 to completely cover the area to be strengthened of a single tooth at the topmost end of the gear to be strengthened 7. Thus, the water in the water tank 61 is sprayed onto the strengthening area of the gear to be strengthened 7 through the water spray nozzles 62, so as to form a water constraint layer on the surface of the gear, thereby enhancing the effect of laser shock strengthening. In addition, the second servo motor is used to drive the water spray nozzles 62 to adjust the water spray angle in real time to compensate for the offset caused by the assembly error or thermal deformation of the gear to be strengthened 7, ensuring that the area to be strengthened on the surface of a single tooth at the topmost end of the strengthened gear is completely covered with a water constraint layer by spraying water.

[0039] The present invention also discloses an impact strengthening method, which adopts the above-described gear strengthening system for laser shock and scanning coordination, including: S1. Load the gear to be strengthened 7 onto the gear matching unit 1, and use the laser scanning unit 3 to perform an initial scan on the loaded gear to be strengthened 7, and obtain the initial position information of the gear to be strengthened 7 through the scan. S2. Determine the center of the coordinate system of the gear strengthening system, and according to the initial position information of the gear to be strengthened 7, use the gear moving unit 2 to adjust the position of the gear to be strengthened 7 until the gear to be strengthened 7 is aligned with the center of the coordinate system of the gear strengthening system. S3. After determining that the gear to be strengthened 7 is aligned, use the gear matching unit 1 to drive the gear to be strengthened 7 to rotate slowly, and use the laser scanning unit 3 to continuously scan the gear to be strengthened 7, and obtain the gear parameters of the gear to be strengthened 7 in real time through the scan. S4. After the main control unit 4 receives the obtained gear parameters, extract the center position data, rotation angle data, and three-dimensional point cloud data on the surface of the gear from the gear parameters, and calculate the tooth tip position data, left tooth surface position data, right tooth surface position data, tooth bottom position data, and number of teeth of each tooth on the gear to be strengthened 7 according to the extracted data. S5. According to the calculated position data, control the laser shock unit 5 to simultaneously emit shock laser beams to the tooth tip, left tooth surface, right tooth surface, and tooth bottom of the adjacent teeth for strengthening, and control the impact constraint unit 6 to spray water onto the strengthening area of the adjacent teeth to form a constraint layer. S6. After a single tooth is strengthened, calculate the rotation angle of the next tooth to be strengthened on the gear 7 to be strengthened according to the number of teeth. Then, according to the calculated rotation angle, drive the gear 7 to be strengthened to rotate by using the gear matching unit 1 until the next tooth to be strengthened on the gear 7 to be strengthened enters the strengthening area of the laser shock unit 5, and repeat steps S5 - S6 until the strengthening of the entire gear 7 to be strengthened is completed.

[0040] As described above, in step S3, when obtaining the gear parameters of the gear 7 to be strengthened, the standard gear model can also be scanned first. By comparing the measurement data of the gear 7 to be strengthened with the measurement data of the standard gear model, accuracy calibration and error correction are carried out to ensure the accuracy of the three-dimensional point cloud data of the gear 7 to be strengthened.

[0041] After the strengthening of the gear 7 to be strengthened is completed, it is necessary to clean and debug the gear strengthening system to remove sundries, water stains, etc. on the surface of the equipment and the working area. In particular, carefully clean key components such as the laser emitting head 52 and the water spray head 62 to prevent impurities from blocking or affecting their performance. Regularly check the operating conditions of each servo motor, including parameters such as the rotation speed, torque, and vibration of the drive motor, to ensure the stable operation of the drive motor. At the same time, check the transmission components of the drive motor, such as gears and racks. If there is wear or looseness, replace or adjust them in a timely manner. Regularly maintain the laser generator 51, check whether the laser output power is stable and whether the optical lens is clean. If necessary, clean or replace the lens. In addition, regularly check the water level and water quality in the water tank 61, and replenish and replace clean water in a timely manner to ensure that the water spray head 62 can spray water normally to form an effective constraint layer.

[0042] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit them. For those skilled in the art, the technical solutions recorded in the above embodiments can be modified, or some of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and all such modifications and replacements should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning, characterized in that: The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning coordination includes: The gear positioning module includes a gear matching unit and a gear moving unit. The gear matching unit is used to match the gears to be strengthened with different apertures and drive the gears to be strengthened to rotate. The gear moving unit is connected to the gear matching unit and is used to drive the gear matching unit to move in multiple directions. A gear scanning module, comprising a laser scanning unit and a main control unit, wherein the laser scanning unit is used to scan and obtain the gear tooth parameters of the gear to be strengthened, and the main control unit is electrically connected to the laser scanning unit, the gear matching unit and the gear moving unit, respectively, and is used to dynamically adjust the operating parameters of the gear matching unit and the gear moving unit according to the gear tooth parameters scanned by the laser scanning unit; The gear tooth strengthening module includes a laser shock unit and an shock constraint unit. The laser shock unit is electrically connected to the main control unit and is used to generate a microscale shock laser beam corresponding to a plurality of positions to be strengthened on the gear teeth of the gear to be strengthened. The shock constraint unit is electrically connected to the main control unit and is used to form a constraint layer for limiting the microscale shock laser beam on the gear teeth to be strengthened before the laser shock unit performs laser shock.

2. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as described in claim 1 is characterized in that: The gear matching unit includes a first drive motor and an aperture matching component, and the aperture matching component includes a support member rotatably arranged on the output shaft of the first drive motor, and the output shaft of the first drive motor is assembled with the wheel hole of the gear to be strengthened through the support member, and the support member matches the wheel hole of the gear to be strengthened by expanding or contracting the diameter under adaptive deformation.

3. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as described in claim 2 is characterized in that: The aperture matching assembly also includes sliders located on both sides of the support member, the sliders are arranged on the output shaft of the first drive motor, the sliders are connected to the output shaft of the first drive motor through fixing bolts, and the two sliders are fixed to form a limit clamp on the support member.

4. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as described in claim 1 is characterized in that: The gear moving unit includes a first displacement component, which includes a first support seat, a second drive motor, a first gear and a first rack. The first drive motor and the first rack are respectively arranged on the first support seat, and the first rack is parallel to the output shaft of the first drive motor. The first gear is arranged on the output shaft of the second drive motor, and the first gear is meshed with the first rack so that after the second drive motor is running, the first support seat is driven to move forward and backward along the central axis of the first drive motor.

5. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The gear moving unit includes a second displacement assembly, which includes a second support seat, a third drive motor, a second gear and a second rack. The second drive motor and the second rack are respectively arranged on the second support seat, and the second rack is vertically arranged. The second gear is arranged on the output shaft of the third drive motor, and the second gear is meshed with the second rack so that after the third drive motor is running, the second support seat is driven to move up and down in the vertical direction.

6. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The laser impact unit includes a laser emitting assembly, which includes a laser generator and a laser emitting head. The laser generator is electrically connected to the main controller, and the laser emitting head is electrically connected to the laser generator. The laser emitting head is located above the gear matching unit, so that after the gear to be strengthened is assembled on the gear matching unit, the emitting direction of the laser emitting head is toward the area to be strengthened on the top gear teeth of the gear to be strengthened.

7. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as claimed in claim 6, characterized in that: The laser impact unit includes multiple groups of laser emitting components, and the laser emitting heads in each group of laser emitting components correspond one by one to the tooth top, left tooth surface, right tooth surface and tooth bottom position on the top of a single tooth of the gear to be strengthened, respectively. The laser impact unit also includes a first servo electrically connected to the control unit, and multiple laser emitting heads are arranged one by one on the first servo.

8. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The impact constraint unit includes a water tank and a water spray head. The water tank is provided with a water pump electrically connected to the main controller. The water spray head is connected to the water pump through a pipeline, and the water spray head is located above the gear matching unit, so that after the gear to be strengthened is assembled on the gear matching unit, the water spraying direction of the water spray head is toward the gear teeth at the top of the gear to be strengthened.

9. The gear strengthening system using laser shock and scanning as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The impact constraint unit includes a plurality of water spray heads distributed on the top of the gear to be strengthened along the circumferential direction of the gear to be strengthened. The impact constraint unit also includes a second servo electrically connected to the control unit, and the plurality of water spray heads are arranged on the second servo in a one-to-one correspondence.

10. An impact strengthening method, using the laser impact and scanning coordinated gear strengthening system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The impact strengthening method comprises: S1, loading the gear to be strengthened on the gear matching unit, and using the laser scanning unit to perform an initial scan on the loaded gear to be strengthened, and obtaining initial position information of the gear to be strengthened by scanning; S2, determining the coordinate system center of the gear strengthening system, and adjusting the position of the gear to be strengthened by using the gear moving unit according to the initial position information of the gear to be strengthened, until the gear to be strengthened is aligned with the coordinate system center of the gear strengthening system; S3. After determining that the gear to be strengthened is aligned, the gear matching unit is used to drive the gear to be strengthened to rotate slowly, and the laser scanning unit is used to continuously scan the gear to be strengthened, and the gear parameters of the gear to be strengthened are obtained in real time through scanning; S4, in response to the main control unit receiving the acquired gear parameters, extracting the center position data, rotation angle data and three-dimensional point cloud data of the gear surface to be strengthened from the gear parameters, and calculating the tooth top position data, left tooth surface position data, right tooth surface position data, tooth bottom position data and the number of teeth of each tooth on the gear to be strengthened according to the extracted data; S5, according to the calculated position data, controlling the laser impact unit to simultaneously emit impact laser beams to the tooth top, left tooth surface, right tooth surface and tooth bottom of the adjacent gear teeth for strengthening, and controlling the impact constraint unit to spray water to the strengthening area of ​​the adjacent gear teeth to form a constraint layer; S6. After a single gear tooth is strengthened, the rotation angle of the next gear tooth to be strengthened is calculated according to the number of teeth, and according to the calculated rotation angle, the gear matching unit is used to drive the gear to be strengthened to rotate until the next gear tooth to be strengthened enters the strengthening area of ​​the laser impact unit, and steps S5-S6 are repeated until the strengthening of the entire gear to be strengthened is completed.

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