Air inlet casing lubricating oil anti-icing heating structure and lubricating oil anti-icing system with same
Through the design of the oil supply and flow distribution device of the lubricant system, the flow passage and support plate of the aircraft engine intake receiver are heated to prevent ice, which solves the problems of the high complexity of the existing hot gas anti-ice system and the complexity of the lubricant anti-ice system, and achieves efficient and reliable anti-ice effect and engine performance improvement.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510387755.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-31
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-17
AI Technical Summary
The hot gas anti-icing system of existing aircraft engines is complex, difficult to maintain, and increases the weight and performance impact of the engine; the lubricating oil anti-icing system requires additional interfaces and pipelines between the anti-icing runner and the oil pump, which increases the system complexity.
The oil supply of the lubricant system is adopted. The lubricant is heated and the support plate of the intake receiver through the flow distribution device to prevent ice. The combination of the lubricant heating channel and the bearing lubricant channel is used to achieve efficient circulation and multi-functional utilization of lubricant.
It effectively solves the problem of icing intake receivers, reduces engine weight and maintenance difficulty, improves engine performance and anti-icing effect, and reduces system complexity.
Smart Images
Figure CN120159619A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aeroengines, and in particular to an anti-icing heating structure for the lubricating oil of an inlet casing. In addition, the present invention also relates to an anti-icing system for lubricating oil including the above anti-icing heating structure for the lubricating oil of the inlet casing. Background Art
[0002] When an aircraft flies under sub-freezing conditions, supercooled water droplets in clouds may impact the engine inlet components and cause icing. The change in the surface shape of the inlet components will lead to a decrease in the engine inlet efficiency and the engine output power. The shedding of the ice accumulation may cause the compressor blades to break or even damage the engine. In the existing related technologies, the anti-icing of aeroengines mainly adopts hot-air anti-icing, and some adopt the return oil of the lubricating oil system for anti-icing. Hot-air anti-icing (lubricating oil anti-icing) uses the hot air (or the return oil of the lubricating oil system) led out from the compressor to heat the components that need to be anti-iced at the engine inlet in a specific heating manner to achieve the anti-icing purpose.
[0003] Leading hot air from the compressor to the inlet components for anti-icing is the most commonly used anti-icing method for engines at present. That is, the hot air led from the compressor is used. After adjusting the temperature and pressure of the engine hot air to a certain extent, the inlet components (such as the inlet casing, zero-stage guide vane, etc.) are heated. Hot-air anti-icing needs to connect the hot-air outlet of the compressor with the inlet of the anti-icing component through a separate external pipeline, and usually requires control devices such as anti-icing valves to adjust the air intake flow rate, pressure, etc. in different engine states, and designs a hot-air heating channel to heat the inlet components to achieve anti-icing, etc. As a result, the hot-air anti-icing system has a high degree of complexity and great maintenance difficulty, and the setting of external pipelines and accessories such as anti-icing valves increases the weight of the engine, and additionally leads to high-temperature and high-pressure gases of the compressor, which also affects the engine performance; for fine parts, such as the leading edge of a very thin strut and the trailing edge of a guide vane, it is not easy to obtain a satisfactory heating and anti-icing effect with hot-air anti-icing.
[0004] For the anti-icing of the lubricating oil system return oil, the oil in the lubricating oil return cavity is used to raise the temperature and prevent icing at the leading edge of the inlet components. It is necessary to connect the return cavity of the lubricating oil pump with the inlet of the anti-icing flow channel through a separate external pipeline, and use the designed one-way internal pipeline to prevent icing at the leading edge of the inlet components. At the same time, the outlet of the anti-icing flow channel also needs to be transported back to the lubricating oil system through an external pipeline. Since the anti-icing of the lubricating oil system return oil needs to additionally increase parts such as the interface between the anti-icing flow channel and the lubricating oil pump and pipelines, and due to the limitation of the structural size of the inlet components, the complexity of the lubricating oil system is increased. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The present invention provides an oil anti-icing heating structure for an intake casing and an oil anti-icing system having the same, so as to solve the technical problems existing in the existing bleed air anti-icing, which lead to a high complexity of the hot air anti-icing system and a greater maintenance difficulty, and the setting of accessories such as external pipelines and anti-icing valves increases the weight of the engine, and additionally bleeding high-temperature and high-pressure compressor gases also affects the engine performance; and the technical problems existing in the oil anti-icing, that is, for the oil anti-icing of the oil return of the oil system, additional anti-icing flow channels and interfaces of the oil pump and pipelines and other parts need to be added, and due to the limitation of the structural size of the intake components, the complexity of the oil system is increased.
[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:
[0007] An oil anti-icing heating structure for an intake casing includes: a flow distribution device for distributing the oil flow rate, an intake casing, a main oil outlet pipe, and other lubrication point flow paths for respectively supplying oil to each lubrication point in the engine for lubrication; the intake casing includes an inner casing and an outer casing arranged coaxially inside and outside, and a plurality of support plates arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and respectively connected to the outer casing and the inner casing at both ends. An oil heating channel for communicating the outer casing and each support plate is further arranged in the intake casing, and a bearing lubrication channel arranged in the inner casing and communicating each support plate and the inner wall surface of the inner casing; the oil inlet end of the flow distribution device communicates with the oil supply of the engine oil system, the oil inlet of the main oil outlet pipe communicates with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device, the oil outlet of the main oil outlet pipe communicates with other lubrication point flow paths, and the oil outlet of other lubrication point flow paths communicates with the oil return of the oil system, so as to directly use the oil supply of the oil system to lubricate each lubrication point and realize the oil circulation; the oil inlet of the oil heating channel communicates with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device, and the oil outlet of the oil heating channel communicates with other lubrication point flow paths, so as to directly use the oil supply of the oil system to heat and anti-ice the flow channels and each support plate of the intake casing; a throttle nozzle and an oil nozzle arranged in the inner casing are used to draw part of the oil from each support plate to spray and lubricate the bearing installed in the inner casing channel and cool the bearing.
[0008] Further, the oil heating channel includes an annular heating channel arranged in the outer casing and in a ring shape, and a plurality of support plate heating channels arranged in each support plate and communicating with the annular heating channel; one oil inlet and one oil outlet communicating with the annular heating channel are further arranged on the outer casing, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are arranged opposite to each other, the oil inlet communicates with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline, and the oil outlet communicates with other lubrication point flow paths through a pipeline; or, a plurality of groups of corresponding oil inlets and oil outlets communicating with the annular heating channel are further arranged on the outer casing, and the corresponding oil inlets and oil outlets are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction, and a plurality of oil inlets respectively communicate with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through pipelines, and a plurality of oil outlets respectively communicate with other lubrication point flow paths through pipelines.
[0009] Further, the lubricating oil heating channels include multiple U-shaped heating channels disposed within each support plate and arranged in a "U" shape within the support plate, and multiple arc-shaped heating channels disposed within the outer casing and located between every two adjacent support plates; the first circumferential end of the arc-shaped heating channel is connected to the oil inlet end of the U-shaped heating channel within the adjacent side support plate, and the second circumferential end of the arc-shaped heating channel is connected to the oil outlet end of the U-shaped heating channel within the adjacent side support plate, so that the multiple arc-shaped heating channels and the multiple U-shaped heating channels are connected in series one by one along the circumference.
[0010] Further, one oil inlet and one oil outlet communicating with the arc-shaped heating channels are provided on the outer casing; the oil inlet is arranged corresponding to the first arc-shaped heating channel arranged sequentially along the circumference, and the oil inlet is also connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline; the oil outlet is arranged corresponding to the last arc-shaped heating channel arranged sequentially along the circumference, and the oil outlet is also connected to other lubrication point flow paths through a pipeline.
[0011] Further, two oil inlets and two oil outlets communicating with the arc-shaped heating channels are provided on the outer casing, and the number of support plates is n; the two oil inlets are respectively arranged corresponding to the first arc-shaped heating channel and the nth arc-shaped heating channel arranged sequentially along the circumference, and the two oil inlets are respectively connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline; the two oil outlets are respectively connected to the 2 / nth arc-shaped heating channel and the 2 / n + 1th arc-shaped heating channel arranged sequentially along the circumference, and the two oil outlets are respectively connected to other lubrication point flow paths.
[0012] Further, the U-shaped heating channel includes a leading edge channel disposed near the leading edge of the support plate, a trailing edge channel disposed near the middle of the support plate, and a bottom channel disposed near the inner end of the support plate and communicating the leading edge channel and the trailing edge channel; the upper end of the leading edge channel is connected to the arc-shaped heating channel located upstream thereof, and the upper end of the trailing edge channel is connected to the arc-shaped heating channel located downstream thereof, so that the incoming oil supplied by the arc-shaped heating channel heats the leading edge of the support plate, the inner end of the support plate, and the middle of the support plate in sequence.
[0013] Further, the leading edge channel is disposed as close as possible to the leading edge of the support plate, and the width of the leading edge channel is greater than the width of the trailing edge channel; spoiler ribs for disturbing the flow are also provided within the U-shaped heating channel.
[0014] Further, a throttle nozzle communicating with the U-shaped heating channel is also provided at the inner end of each support plate, the outlet side of the throttle nozzle communicates with the bearing lubrication channel, and the bearing lubrication channel is connected to the lubricating oil nozzle on the inner wall surface of the inner casing to spray and lubricate and cool the bearing by using the lubricating oil within the U-shaped heating channel.
[0015] Further, other lubrication point flow paths include a main oil outlet pipeline and multiple branched oil outlet pipelines communicating with the main oil outlet pipeline. The oil outlet ends of the branched oil outlet pipelines are provided with throttle nozzles for throttling, and the oil outlet side of the throttle nozzles is communicated with lubricating oil nozzles for spraying lubricating oil.
[0016] According to another aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an anti-icing system for lubricating oil, which has an anti-icing heating structure for the inlet casing lubricating oil as described in any one of the above.
[0017] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] In the structure of the present invention, the oil supply of the lubricating oil system is adopted. Before reaching other lubrication points, the flow channels and support plates of the inlet casing are anti-iced first. Since the lubricating oil supply temperature is generally between 50°C and 120°C, it can effectively meet the anti-icing temperature requirements and avoid the temperature of local areas of the inlet casing exceeding the material usage range. At the same time, through the setting of the bearing lubrication channel, part of the lubricating oil that has cooled down after flowing through the flow channels and support plates of the inlet casing continues to flow into the bearing cavity to lubricate the bearing, and at the same time takes away the heat generated by the bearing itself, which is beneficial to reducing the bearing temperature and improving the bearing life. Moreover, in the structure of the present invention, no additional air bleeding is required, which is beneficial to solving the problem of inlet casing icing without affecting the engine performance. At the same time, both the lubricating oil heating channel and the bearing lubrication channel are arranged inside the inlet casing, with low maintenance difficulty, high reliability, reduced engine weight, and improved engine performance. In addition, in the structure of the present invention, through the setting of the flow distribution device, the lubricating oil flow rate W1 participating in anti-icing in the lubricating oil heating channel in the inlet casing and the support plates and the lubricating oil flow rate W2 flowing through the main oil outlet pipe to other lubrication point flow paths can be regulated. When higher anti-icing heating is required under relatively harsh meteorological conditions, the flow distribution device can be used to increase the lubricating oil flow rate W1 entering the inlet casing and reduce the lubricating oil flow rate W2 directly flowing to other lubrication points to meet the actual working requirements. Finally, the structure of the present invention has been applied to the anti-icing design of the inlet casing of a certain type of engine, and a component ice wind tunnel test has been carried out. No obvious icing phenomenon has been found in the inlet casing during the test, verifying the feasibility of the present invention and meeting the engineering application requirements.
[0019] In addition to the purposes, features, and advantages described above, the present invention has other purposes, features, and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0020] The drawings constituting a part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:
[0021] Figure 1 is the working principle diagram of the anti-icing system for lubricating oil of the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil flow direction in the lubricating oil heating channel of the lubricating oil anti-icing heating structure of the intake casing of the present invention. Figure 1 ;
[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil flow direction in the lubricating oil heating channel of the lubricating oil anti-icing heating structure of the intake casing of the present invention. Figure 2 ;
[0024] Figure 4 It is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the U-shaped heating channel inside the support plate;
[0025] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil heating channel inside the intake casing of the present invention;
[0026] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the lubricating oil flow inside the intake casing of the present invention.
[0027] Legend:
[0028] 1. Intake casing; 101. U-shaped heating channel; 1011. Leading edge channel; 1012. Trailing edge channel; 1013. Bottom channel; 102. Arc-shaped heating channel; 103. Throttle nozzle; 11. Inner casing; 12. Outer casing; 13. Support plate. Detailed implementation manners
[0029] The following will describe the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention can be implemented in many different ways defined and covered by the following.
[0030] Refer to Figure 1, a preferred embodiment of the present invention provides an oil anti-icing heating structure for an intake casing, comprising: a flow distribution device for distributing the oil flow rate, an intake casing 1, a main oil outlet pipe, and other lubrication point flow paths for respectively supplying oil lubrication to each lubrication point in the engine; the intake casing 1 includes an inner casing 11 and an outer casing 12 arranged coaxially inside and outside, and a plurality of support plates 13 arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction and respectively connected to the outer casing 12 and the inner casing 11 at both ends. An oil heating channel for communicating the outer casing 12 and each support plate 13 is further provided inside the intake casing 1, and a bearing lubrication channel for communicating each support plate 13 and the inner wall surface of the inner casing 11 is arranged inside the inner casing 11; the oil inlet end of the flow distribution device is communicated with the oil supply of the engine oil system, the oil inlet of the main oil outlet pipe is communicated with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device, the oil outlet of the main oil outlet pipe is communicated with other lubrication point flow paths, and the oil outlet of other lubrication point flow paths is communicated with the oil return of the oil system, so as to directly use the oil supply of the oil system to lubricate each lubrication point and realize oil circulation; the oil inlet of the oil heating channel is communicated with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device, and the oil outlet of the oil heating channel is communicated with other lubrication point flow paths, so as to directly use the oil supply of the oil system to heat and prevent icing of the flow path of the intake casing 1 and each support plate 13; a throttle nozzle and an oil nozzle arranged inside the inner casing 11 are used to draw part of the oil from each support plate 13 to spray and lubricate the bearings installed in the inner casing 11 and cool the bearings.
[0031] When the oil anti-icing heating structure of the intake casing of the present invention works, as Figure 1 shown, the oil in the oil tank of the oil system is supplied to the flow distribution device after being regulated by a pressure regulating valve and filtered by a filtering device. After being distributed by the flow distribution device, part of the oil (W2) directly enters other lubrication point flow paths through the main oil outlet pipe to be distributed to lubrication points such as the bearing cavity and the reducer cavity in the engine through other lubrication point flow paths; while another part of the oil (W1) enters the outer casing 12 and the support plates 13 of the intake casing through the oil heating channel to heat the intake casing, thereby preventing the flow path of the intake casing and the support plates from icing in a low-temperature environment. The part of the oil after anti-icing of the intake casing finally enters other lubrication point flow paths by joining the main oil outlet pipe; at the same time, after the oil exchanges heat with the low-temperature intake casing, the oil temperature is reduced. Therefore, part of the oil (W3) is drawn from the oil (W1) entering the intake casing and introduced into the inner casing 11 through the bearing lubrication channel to spray and lubricate the bearings installed in the inner casing 11; finally, the oil lubricating the bearings and the oil lubricating other lubrication points are all returned to the oil tank through a return oil pipe, an oil return pump, etc., thus completing the oil circulation to continuously heat and prevent icing of the intake casing.
[0032] In the structure of the present invention, the lubricating oil system is used for oil supply. Before reaching other lubrication points, the flow passages and struts of the inlet casing are anti-iced first. Since the lubricating oil supply temperature is generally between 50°C and 120°C, it can effectively meet the anti-icing temperature requirements and avoid the temperature in local areas of the inlet casing exceeding the material usage range. At the same time, through the setting of the bearing lubrication channel, part of the lubricating oil that has cooled down after flowing through the flow passages and struts of the inlet casing continues to flow into the bearing cavity to lubricate the bearing and take away the heat generated by the bearing itself, which is beneficial to reducing the bearing temperature and improving the bearing life. Moreover, in the structure of the present invention, no additional bleed air is required, which is beneficial to solving the ice formation problem of the inlet casing without affecting the engine performance. At the same time, both the lubricating oil heating channel and the bearing lubrication channel are arranged inside the inlet casing, with lower maintenance difficulty, high reliability, reduced engine weight, and improved engine performance. In addition, in the structure of the present invention, through the setting of the flow distribution device, the lubricating oil flow rate W1 participating in anti-icing in the lubricating oil heating channel entering the inlet casing and struts and the lubricating oil flow rate W2 flowing through the main outlet pipe to other lubrication points can be regulated. When higher anti-icing heating is required under relatively harsh meteorological conditions, the flow distribution device can be used to increase the lubricating oil flow rate W1 entering the inlet casing and decrease the lubricating oil flow rate W2 directly flowing to other lubrication points to meet the actual working requirements. Finally, the structure of the present invention has been applied to the anti-icing design of the inlet casing of a certain type of engine, and a component ice wind tunnel test has been carried out. No obvious ice formation phenomenon was observed in the inlet casing during the test, verifying the feasibility of the present invention and meeting the requirements of engineering applications.
[0033] Optionally, for a first embodiment of the lubricating oil heating channel (not shown in the figure), the lubricating oil heating channel includes an annular heating channel disposed in the outer casing 12 and in a ring shape, and a plurality of strut heating channels disposed in each strut 13 and communicating with the annular heating channel. The outer casing 12 is further provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet communicating with the annular heating channel. The oil inlet and the oil outlet are oppositely arranged. The oil inlet is communicated with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline, and the oil outlet is communicated with other lubrication point flow paths through a pipeline. Alternatively, the outer casing 12 is further provided with multiple groups of correspondingly arranged oil inlets and oil outlets communicating with the annular heating channel, and the corresponding oil inlets and oil outlets are circumferentially spaced apart. Multiple oil inlets are respectively communicated with the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through pipelines, and multiple oil outlets are respectively communicated with other lubrication point flow paths through pipelines. In the structure of the present invention, through the combined action of the annular heating channel in the outer casing 12 and the multiple strut heating channels in the struts, the diversion and confluence of the hot lubricating oil are realized, and the flow around and confluence of the lubricating oil inside the struts and between different struts are realized, with good heat exchange effect, appropriate surface temperature of the intake casing, and effective anti-icing of the intake casing of the aeroengine under different working conditions and different atmospheric icing conditions, ensuring that the engine performance is not affected and no mechanical damage is caused to the engine due to icing; moreover, both the annular heating channel and the strut heating channel are integrated inside the intake casing, reducing the weight of the engine, having low maintenance difficulty and high reliability.
[0034] Optionally, for a second embodiment of the lubricating oil heating channel, as Figures 5 - 6As shown in the figure, the lubricating oil heating channel includes multiple U-shaped heating channels 101 arranged in a "U" shape within each support plate 13 and multiple arc-shaped heating channels 102 arranged within the outer casing 12 and located between every two adjacent support plates 13. The first circumferential end of the arc-shaped heating channel 102 is connected to the oil inlet end of the U-shaped heating channel 101 within the adjacent side support plate 13, and the second circumferential end of the arc-shaped heating channel 102 is connected to the oil outlet end of the U-shaped heating channel 101 within the adjacent side support plate 13, so that the multiple arc-shaped heating channels 102 and the multiple U-shaped heating channels 101 are connected in series circumferentially one by one. In the structure of the present invention, through the combined action of the multiple U-shaped heating channels 101 and the multiple arc-shaped heating channels 102, the support plates and flow channels of the intake casing are heated, enabling the lubricating oil to efficiently and fully exchange heat with the support plates and flow channels of the intake casing, causing the water impacting on the wall surface of the intake casing flow channel and the leading edge of the support plate to absorb the heat transmitted from the internal lubricating oil, increasing the surface temperature of the intake casing, and meeting the anti-icing requirements of the intake casing without affecting the engine performance; at the same time, the multiple arc-shaped heating channels 102 and the multiple U-shaped heating channels 101 are connected in series circumferentially one by one, which can further improve the heat exchange effect of the lubricating oil inside the intake casing, making the temperatures of the support plates 13 and the outer casing 12 more uniform; in addition, since the temperature of the lubricating oil will decrease to a certain extent after heating the intake casing, lubricating the bearings with an appropriate lubricating oil temperature can effectively ensure that the bearing temperature will not be too high, thereby reducing the risk of lubricating oil coking; and the U-shaped heating channels 101, arc-shaped heating channels 102, etc. are all integrated inside the intake casing, reducing the weight of the engine, having a lower maintenance difficulty, and high reliability.
[0035] Further, in combination with Figure 2 As shown in the figure, an oil inlet and an oil outlet communicating with the arc-shaped heating channel 102 are provided on the outer casing 12. The oil inlet corresponds to the first arc-shaped heating channel 102 arranged in sequence along the circumference, and the oil inlet is also connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline. The oil outlet corresponds to the last arc-shaped heating channel 102 arranged in sequence along the circumference, and the oil outlet is also connected to other lubrication point flow paths through a pipeline. Or, as Figure 3 As shown in the figure, two oil inlets and two oil outlets communicating with the arc-shaped heating channel 102 are provided on the outer casing 12, and the number of support plates 13 is n. The two oil inlets respectively correspond to the first arc-shaped heating channel 102 and the nth arc-shaped heating channel 102 arranged in sequence along the circumference, and the two oil inlets are respectively connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline. The two oil outlets are respectively connected to the 2 / nth arc-shaped heating channel 102 and the 2 / n + 1th arc-shaped heating channel 102 arranged in sequence along the circumference, and the two oil outlets are respectively connected to other lubrication point flow paths.
[0036] In this alternative solution, as Figure 4As shown in the figure, the U-shaped heating channel 101 includes a leading-edge channel 1011 disposed near the leading edge of the support plate 13, a trailing-edge channel 1012 disposed near the middle of the support plate 13, and a bottom channel 1013 disposed near the inner end of the support plate 13 and communicating the leading-edge channel 1011 and the trailing-edge channel 1012. The upper end of the leading-edge channel 1011 is communicated with the arc-shaped heating channel 102 located upstream thereof, and the upper end of the trailing-edge channel 1012 is communicated with the arc-shaped heating channel 102 located downstream thereof, so that the incoming oil supplied by the arc-shaped heating channel 102 sequentially heats the leading edge of the support plate 13, the inner end of the support plate 13, and the middle of the support plate 13.
[0037] During operation, as Figures 2 - 4 shown, the hot lubricating oil enters the flow distribution device through the lubricating oil inlet pipe (pipe 1), so that part of the lubricating oil W2 (<60% W) is directly discharged through pipe 3 (i.e., the main outlet pipe) and transported to other lubrication point flow paths. Through the flow distribution device, part of the lubricating oil W1 (>40% W) also enters the U-shaped heating channel 101 inside the support plate through the arc-shaped heating channel 102. Since the leading edge of the intake casing support plate is the main icing position, the lubricating oil in the arc-shaped heating channel 102 preferentially enters the leading-edge channel 1011 of the U-shaped heating channel 101 in the leading-edge area of the intake casing support plate, heats the first half of the intake casing support plate, improves the temperature of the intake casing support plate, and then flows around the trailing-edge channel 1012 of the U-shaped heating channel 101 to heat the entire support plate, ensuring that the temperature of the entire support plate is appropriate and the temperature gradient is suitable. When there are multiple support plates 13, the lubricating oil can sequentially flow around the U-shaped heating channel 101 inside the support plate through the action of the arc-shaped heating channel 102. As Figure 2 and Figure 3 shown, preferably, bilateral flow around can be set according to the symmetrical structure, as Figure 3 shown. During operation, the lubricating oil flows from the trailing-edge channel 1012 of the U-shaped heating channel 101 of the previous support plate to the leading-edge channel 1011 of the U-shaped heating channel 101 of the next support plate. The lubricating oil flows in the arc-shaped heating channel 102 on the outer wall of the intake casing, heats the intake casing flow path to prevent icing, and at the same time ensures that the lubricating oil preferentially flows into the leading-edge area of the next support plate to heat it and prevent icing. The lubricating oil (W1 - W3) after flow around is merged into the main outlet pipeline (pipe 3) and transported to other lubrication points together. In the present invention, through the lubricating oil flow path design and the flow distribution device, the flow rate of the lubricating oil participating in the heat exchange of the intake casing flow path and the support plate is increased from W3 (1% - 5% W) in the existing lubricating oil anti-icing scheme to W1 (>40% W), improving the anti-icing effect and enhancing the utilization rate of the lubricating oil.
[0038] Preferably, as Figure 4As shown, the leading-edge channel 1011 is arranged as close as possible to the leading edge of the strut 13, and the width of the leading-edge channel 1011 is greater than that of the trailing-edge channel 1012 to heat the main icing position at the leading edge of the strut. Turbulence posts for disturbing the flow are also provided in the U-shaped heating channel 101 to increase the turbulence of the lubricating oil in the U-shaped heating channel 101, thereby improving the heating uniformity of the strut 13 and the heat exchange effect with external icing.
[0039] In this alternative solution, as Figure 4 shown, a throttle nozzle 103 communicating with the U-shaped heating channel 101 is further provided at the inner side end of each strut 13. The outlet side of the throttle nozzle 103 communicates with a bearing lubrication channel, and the bearing lubrication channel is connected to a lubricating oil nozzle on the inner wall surface of the inner casing 11 to spray and lubricate and cool the bearing with the lubricating oil in the U-shaped heating channel 101. During operation, since the lubricating oil flow rate required at the bearing lubrication points installed in the inner casing 11 of the intake casing is small, in order to improve the anti-icing heating effect of the lubricating oil in the intake casing, in the present invention, a part of the lubricating oil (W1) to be supplied to other lubrication points with large lubricating oil demand is first anti-iced for the flow passage of the intake casing and the strut through the oil circuit around the intake casing and the lubricating oil heating channel in the intake casing before reaching other lubrication points, and then the appropriate lubricating oil flow rate (W3) is ensured to be distributed to the bearing lubrication points in the intake casing through the throttle nozzle 103 and the lubricating oil nozzle. The remaining lubricating oil (W1 - W3) participating in the anti-icing heating is collected and supplied to the oil circuits of other lubrication points through a pipeline and then returned to the fuel tank through a return oil pump. The heated lubricating oil in the intake casing circulates with the lubricating oil system to continuously heat and anti-ice the intake casing, and the heating and anti-icing effect is good.
[0040] Optionally, the flow paths of other lubrication points include a main oil outlet pipeline and a plurality of branch oil outlet pipelines communicating with the main oil outlet pipeline. Throttle nozzles for throttling are provided at the oil outlet ends of the branch oil outlet pipelines, and the oil outlet sides of the throttle nozzles communicate with lubricating oil nozzles for spraying lubricating oil.
[0041] Referring to Figure 1, A preferred embodiment of the present invention further provides an oil anti-icing system, which has an oil anti-icing heating structure for the inlet casing as described in any one of the above. Thus, the oil anti-icing system of the present invention can effectively meet the anti-icing temperature requirements, while avoiding the temperature in local areas of the inlet casing exceeding the material usage range. At the same time, the lubricating oil that has cooled down after flowing through the flow passage and struts of the inlet casing can continue to flow into the bearing cavity to lubricate the bearing and take away the heat generated by the bearing itself, which is beneficial to reducing the bearing temperature and improving the bearing life. Moreover, in the structure of the present invention, no additional air bleeding is required, which is beneficial to solving the problem of inlet casing icing without affecting the engine performance. At the same time, both the oil heating channel and the bearing lubricating channel are arranged inside the inlet casing, with low maintenance difficulty, high reliability, reduced engine weight, and improved engine performance. In addition, in the system of the present invention, through the setting of the flow distribution device, the lubricating oil flow rate W1 participating in anti-icing in the oil heating channel of the inlet casing and the struts and the lubricating oil flow rate W2 flowing through the main outlet pipe to other lubrication points can be regulated. When more anti-icing heating is required under relatively harsh weather conditions, the flow distribution device can be used to increase the lubricating oil flow rate W1 entering the inlet casing and decrease the lubricating oil flow rate W2 directly flowing to other lubrication points to meet the actual working requirements. Finally, the system of the present invention has been applied to the anti-icing design of the inlet casing of a certain type of engine, and a component ice wind tunnel test has been carried out. No obvious icing phenomenon was observed in the inlet casing during the test, verifying the feasibility of the present invention and meeting the requirements of engineering applications.
[0042] The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. An air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing heating structure, characterized in that: include: A flow distribution device for distributing the lubricating oil flow, an air intake casing (1), a main oil outlet pipe, and other lubricating point flow paths for respectively supplying oil to lubricate various lubricating points in the engine; The air intake casing (1) comprises an inner casing (11) and an outer casing (12) which are coaxially arranged inside and outside, and a plurality of support plates (13) which are arranged in sequence and spaced apart along the circumferential direction and whose two ends are respectively connected to the outer casing (12) and the inner casing (11). The air intake casing (1) is also provided with a lubricating oil heating channel which is arranged in the outer casing (12) and each support plate (13) to connect the outer casing (12) and each support plate (13), and a bearing lubrication channel which is arranged in the inner casing (11) and connects each support plate (13) and the inner wall surface of the inner casing (11); The oil inlet of the flow distribution device is connected to the oil supply of the engine lubricating oil system, the oil inlet of the main oil outlet pipe is connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device, the oil outlet of the main oil outlet pipe is connected to other lubricating point flow paths, and the oil outlets of other lubricating point flow paths are connected to the return oil of the lubricating oil system, so as to directly quote the oil supply of the lubricating oil system to lubricate each lubricating point and realize the circulation of lubricating oil; The oil inlet of the lubricating oil heating channel is connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device, and the oil outlet of the lubricating oil heating channel is connected to other lubricating point flow paths, so as to directly use the oil supply of the lubricating oil system to heat the flow channel of the air intake casing (1) and each support plate (13) to prevent ice; The throttle nozzle and the lubricating oil nozzle arranged in the inner casing (11) are used to guide part of the lubricating oil from each support plate (13) to spray oil lubricate the bearings installed in the inner channel of the inner casing (11) and cool the bearings.
2. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating oil heating channel comprises an annular heating channel arranged in the outer casing (12) and in an annular shape, and a plurality of support plate heating channels arranged in each support plate (13) and connected to the annular heating channel; The outer casing (12) is also provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet connected to the annular heating channel, the oil inlet and the oil outlet are arranged opposite to each other, the oil inlet is connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline, and the oil outlet is connected to other lubrication point flow paths through a pipeline; or The outer casing (12) is also provided with a plurality of groups of correspondingly arranged oil inlets and oil outlets connected to the annular heating channel, and the corresponding oil inlets and oil outlets are arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction, and the plurality of oil inlets are respectively connected to the oil outlets of the flow distribution device through pipelines, and the plurality of oil outlets are respectively connected to other lubrication point flow paths through pipelines.
3. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lubricating oil heating channel comprises a plurality of U-shaped heating channels (101) arranged in each support plate (13) and arranged in a "U" shape in the support plate (13), and a plurality of arc-shaped heating channels (102) arranged in the outer casing (12) and located between each two adjacent support plates (13); The first end of the arc-shaped heating channel (102) along the circumferential direction is connected to the oil inlet end of the U-shaped heating channel (101) in the adjacent side support plate (13), and the second end of the arc-shaped heating channel (102) along the circumferential direction is connected to the oil outlet end of the U-shaped heating channel (101) in the adjacent side support plate (13), so that the multiple arc-shaped heating channels (102) and the multiple U-shaped heating channels (101) are connected in series one by one along the circumferential direction.
4. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer casing (12) is provided with an oil inlet and an oil outlet connected to the arc-shaped heating channel (102); The oil inlet is arranged corresponding to the first arc-shaped heating channel (102) arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the oil inlet is also connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through a pipeline; The oil outlet is arranged corresponding to the last arc-shaped heating channel (102) arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the oil outlet is also connected to other lubrication point flow paths through pipelines.
5. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer casing (12) is provided with two oil inlets and two oil outlets connected to the arc-shaped heating channel (102), and the number of the support plates (13) is n; The two oil inlets are respectively arranged corresponding to the first arc-shaped heating channel (102) and the nth arc-shaped heating channel (102) arranged in sequence along the circumferential direction, and the two oil inlets are respectively connected to the oil outlet of the flow distribution device through pipelines; The two oil outlets are respectively connected to the 2 / n arc-shaped heating channel (102) and the 2 / n+1 arc-shaped heating channel (102) sequentially arranged along the circumferential direction, and the two oil outlets are respectively connected to other lubrication point flow paths.
6. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing heating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The U-shaped heating channel (101) comprises a leading edge channel (1011) arranged near the leading edge of the support plate (13), a trailing edge channel (1012) arranged near the middle of the support plate (13), and a bottom end channel (1013) arranged near the inner side end of the support plate (13) and connecting the leading edge channel (1011) and the trailing edge channel (1012); The upper end of the leading edge channel (1011) is connected to the arc-shaped heating channel (102) located upstream thereof, and the upper end of the trailing edge channel (1012) is connected to the arc-shaped heating channel (102) located downstream thereof, so that the lubricating oil supplied by the arc-shaped heating channel (102) heats the leading edge of the support plate (13), the inner end of the support plate (13) and the middle part of the support plate (13) in sequence.
7. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The leading edge channel (1011) is arranged as close as possible to the leading edge of the support plate (13), and the width of the leading edge channel (1011) is greater than the width of the trailing edge channel (1012); The U-shaped heating channel (101) is also provided with a spoiler rib for spoiling the flow.
8. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner end of each support plate (13) is also provided with a throttle nozzle (103) connected to the U-shaped heating channel (101), and the outlet side of the throttle nozzle (103) is connected to the bearing lubrication channel, and the bearing lubrication channel is connected to the lubricating oil nozzle on the inner wall surface of the inner casing (11) so as to use the lubricating oil in the U-shaped heating channel (101) to spray lubricate and cool the bearing.
9. The air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: Other lubrication point flow paths include a main oil outlet pipeline and multiple outgoing oil pipelines connected to the main oil outlet pipeline. A throttle nozzle for throttling is provided at the oil outlet end of each outgoing oil pipeline, and the oil outlet side of the throttle nozzle is connected to an oil nozzle for spraying lubricating oil.
10. A lubricating oil anti-icing system, characterized in that: An air intake casing lubricating oil anti-icing and heating structure as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.