Shock absorber and aircraft

Abstract

The invention discloses a shock absorber and an aircraft, and relates to the technical field of shock absorption. The shock absorber comprises a shell, a mandrel, a buffering elastic body, a first floating sliding plate, a magneto-rheological device and a second floating sliding plate. The first floating sliding plate, the magnetorheological device and the shell are matched to define a first magnetorheological fluid cavity filled with magnetorheological fluid, the second floating sliding plate, the magnetorheological device and the shell are matched to define a second magnetorheological fluid cavity filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the second floating sliding plate and the shell are matched to define a gas chamber filled with buffer gas. The magnetorheological device is configured to control the magnetorheological fluid to flow or be static between the first magnetorheological fluid cavity and the second magnetorheological fluid cavity along with vibration of the mandrel. Damping of the shock absorber can be adjusted in a multi-stage range, the rigidity of the shock absorber can be changed in a self-adaptive mode, and therefore the shock absorption effect of active and passive integrated control is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vibration damping, and particularly to a vibration damper and an aircraft. Background Art

[0002] With the development of industrial technology, there are increasingly high requirements for the operating reliability, working accuracy, stability, and working comfort of mechanical equipment. Vibration and noise seriously affect the fatigue resistance, stability, and environmental adaptability of equipment, greatly reducing the performance and lifespan of the equipment. In the machinery manufacturing industry, nearly 80% of accidents and equipment damages are caused by vibration shocks, and the noise generated by vibration reduces the concealment and combat effectiveness of military equipment, not only causing material losses but also a large amount of economic losses. Therefore, vibration damping and noise reduction have become technical problems that need to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Embodiments of the present application provide a vibration damper and an aircraft to solve the problem of vibration damping and noise reduction.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, embodiments of the present application disclose the following technical solutions:

[0005] On the one hand, a vibration damper is provided, including: a housing with an opening at one end; a core shaft with one end extending into the housing through the opening; a buffer elastic body sleeved on one end of the core shaft and arranged inside the housing; a first floating slide plate arranged inside the housing and located on the side of the buffer elastic body away from the opening, and the buffer elastic body is connected to the first floating slide plate and the inner wall of the housing; a magnetorheological device arranged inside the housing and located on the side of the first floating slide plate away from the buffer elastic body, and the first floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device, and the housing cooperate to enclose a first magnetorheological fluid chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid; and a second floating slide plate arranged inside the housing and located on the side of the magnetorheological device away from the first floating slide plate, and the second floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device, and the housing cooperate to enclose a second magnetorheological fluid chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid, and the second floating slide plate and the housing cooperate to enclose an air chamber filled with buffer gas; wherein, the magnetorheological device is configured to control the flow or rest of the magnetorheological fluid between the first magnetorheological fluid chamber and the second magnetorheological fluid chamber along with the vibration of the core shaft.

[0006] In some embodiments, the shock absorber has an intersecting first direction and second direction; the housing includes a cylinder, a first plate, and a second plate, the cylinder having opposite ends in the first direction, the first plate and the second plate being respectively disposed at opposite ends of the cylinder; the buffer elastomer includes a first buffer elastic portion, a second buffer elastic portion, and a third buffer elastic portion, the second buffer elastic portion being connected to the first buffer elastic portion and the third buffer elastic portion in the first direction, an end face of the first buffer elastic portion abutting against or having a gap with the first plate, an outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic portion being slidably connected to an inner peripheral wall of the cylinder, and the third buffer elastic portion being connected to a first floating slide plate; the first buffer elastic portion, the cylinder, and the first plate cooperate to enclose a first sub-deformation chamber, the third buffer elastic portion, the cylinder, and the first floating slide plate cooperate to enclose a second sub-deformation chamber, and the third buffer elastic portion, the cylinder, and the first floating slide plate cooperate to enclose a third sub-deformation chamber.

[0007] In some embodiments, a dimension of the first buffer elastic portion in the second direction is smaller than a dimension of the second buffer elastic portion in the second direction; a dimension of the third buffer elastic portion in the second direction is smaller than a dimension of the second buffer elastic portion in the second direction.

[0008] In some embodiments, the mandrel includes a connected head and rod portion; the first buffer elastic portion is provided with a first through hole, the second buffer elastic portion is provided with a second through hole communicating with the first through hole, the head is disposed within the second through hole, and one end of the rod portion is disposed within the first through hole.

[0009] In some embodiments, the rod portion is a hollow structure, the rod portion includes a first section and a second section, one end of the first section is connected to the head, the other end of the first section is connected to the second section, a dimension of the second section in the second direction is smaller than a dimension of the first section in the second direction, and the second section is provided with a connection hole.

[0010] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological device includes a lining plate and an excitation coil, the excitation coil being wound around an outer peripheral wall of the lining plate; the shock absorber further includes a sensor disposed at the bottom of the housing, the sensor being configured to monitor a vibration frequency of an external excitation, and the excitation coil being energized with a corresponding current according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation to achieve damping force output.

[0011] In some embodiments, the magnetorheological device further includes a first one-way magnetic flux valve and a second one-way magnetic flux valve, the lining plate being provided with a first channel and a second channel, the first channel being provided with the first one-way magnetic flux valve, and the second channel being provided with the second one-way magnetic flux valve; the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first channel to enable the magnetorheological fluid to flow from the second magnetorheological fluid chamber to the first magnetorheological fluid chamber; the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second channel to enable the magnetorheological fluid to flow from the first magnetorheological fluid chamber to the second magnetorheological fluid chamber.

[0012] In some embodiments, when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastomer is in a stretched state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second channel; when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastomer is in a compressed state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second channel.

[0013] In some embodiments, when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second channel.

[0014] In some embodiments, the shock absorber further includes: a first sealing assembly sleeved on the first floating slide plate; and a second sealing assembly sleeved on the second floating slide plate.

[0015] On the other hand, an aircraft is provided, including the shock absorber described above.

[0016] Another technical solution in the above technical solutions has the following advantages or beneficial effects: The shock absorber has semi-active control characteristics. By adjusting the magnitude of the current in the excitation coil, the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity is changed, thereby adjusting the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid. The state of the magnetorheological fluid is adjusted according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation. When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz, the opening or closing of the one-way magnetic flux valve is controlled to change the flow direction of the magnetorheological fluid. The damping force and stiffness of the shock absorber can be jointly adjusted by the buffer elastomer, the magnetorheological fluid, and the buffer gas. When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz, the damping force is mainly generated by the buffer elastomer. Therefore, the damping of the shock absorber is adjusted in a multi-level range, and the stiffness of the shock absorber is adaptively changed, so as to achieve the shock absorption effect of integrated main and passive control.

[0017] Furthermore, a buffer elastomer, a magnetorheological fluid, and a buffer gas (such as nitrogen) are used as working media. The damping force mainly monitors the vibration frequency of the external excitation in real time through a sensor, and changes the magnitude of the current passing through the excitation coil as needed to adjust the magnetic induction intensity generated by the coil, thereby changing the state (flowing or stationary) of the magnetorheological fluid, achieving the purpose of adjustable damping force. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention, where:

[0019] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0020] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 3 Bottom view of the shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 4 is Figure 3 Cross-sectional view along the H-H direction.

[0023] Figure 5 is Figure 4 Partial enlarged view of [], mainly showing the structure of the magnetorheological device.

[0024] The identification of the components in the drawings is as follows:

[0025] 1 Housing; 10 Opening; 11 Cylinder; 12 First plate; 13 Second plate;

[0026] 2 Core shaft; 21 Head; 22 Rod part; 221 First section; 222 Second section; 220 Connection hole;

[0027] 3 Buffer elastic body; 31 First buffer elastic part; 32 Second buffer elastic part; 33 Third buffer elastic part; 310 First through hole; 320 Second through hole; 330 Third through hole;

[0028] 4 First floating slide plate;

[0029] 5 Magnetorheological device; 51 Liner; 511 First channel; 512 Second channel; 52 Excitation coil;

[0030] 53 First one-way magnetic flux valve; 54 Second one-way magnetic flux valve;

[0031] 6 Second floating slide plate; 7 Sensor; 8 First sealing assembly; 9 Second sealing assembly;

[0032] 101 First sub-deformation chamber; 102 Second sub-deformation chamber; 103 Third sub-deformation chamber;

[0033] 20 First magnetorheological fluid chamber; 30 Second magnetorheological fluid chamber; 40 Air chamber;

[0034] Y First direction; X Second direction. Detailed implementation manners

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all of the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0036] In the accompanying drawings, for clarity, the shapes and dimensions may be enlarged, and the same reference numerals will be used throughout the figures to indicate the same or similar components.

[0037] Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains. The terms "first", "second" and similar terms used in the specification and claims of this patent application for the present invention do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. Similarly, the terms such as "a", "an" or "the" do not denote a quantity limitation, but mean that there is at least one. The terms such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or items appearing before "comprising" or "including" cover the elements or items listed after "comprising" or "including" and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or items. The terms such as "upper", "lower", "left" and "right" are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0038] Terms related to attachment, connection, etc. (e.g., "connect" and "attach") refer to the relationship in which these structures are directly or indirectly fixed or attached to each other through an intermediate structure, as well as a movable or rigid attachment or relationship, unless otherwise explicitly stated.

[0039] At present, in engineering, there are mainly two methods to control vibration: The most fundamental way to solve the problem is to control the vibration source. During the equipment design stage, it is considered to reduce the vibration generated during the operation of the equipment through reasonable structural optimization; or control from the vibration transmission path, which is the main method to reduce vibration and noise. Usually, vibration isolation, damping or vibration absorption devices are also set between the power equipment and the foundation to reduce vibration transmission. There is generally the rotational action of eccentric rotors in power components, thus generating vibration and noise. Based on the functional requirements of the rotor, it is impossible to avoid introducing vibration problems from the design source. At the same time, due to the continuous increase in mechanical power and rotational speed, the demand for vibration isolation in the medium and high frequency ranges is also increasing day by day. The use of passive vibration isolation devices such as rubber, composite materials, and damping metals and other traditional vibration reduction methods can solve this well. However, with the increasing requirements for vibration isolation in cutting-edge equipment, precision instruments, etc., and at the same time, it is required to have good vibration isolation effect in the low frequency band. Thus, traditional shock absorbers cannot function in the low frequency band and cannot fundamentally solve the problem of vibration reduction and noise reduction.

[0040] To solve the above problems, the present application provides a shock absorber, which includes a housing, a core shaft, a buffer elastic body, a first floating slide plate, a magnetorheological device, and a second floating slide plate. One end of the housing is provided with an opening. One end of the core shaft extends into the housing from the opening. The buffer elastic body is sleeved on one end of the core shaft and is arranged in the housing. The first floating slide plate is arranged in the housing and is located on the side of the buffer elastic body away from the opening. The buffer elastic body is connected to the first floating slide plate and the inner wall of the housing. The magnetorheological device is arranged in the housing and is located on the side of the first floating slide plate away from the buffer elastic body. The second floating slide plate is arranged in the housing and is located on the side of the magnetorheological device away from the first floating slide plate. Among them, the first floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device, and the housing cooperate to enclose a first magnetorheological fluid chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid. The second floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device, and the housing cooperate to enclose a second magnetorheological fluid chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid. The second floating slide plate and the housing cooperate to enclose an air chamber filled with buffer gas. Among them, the magnetorheological device is configured to control the flow or rest of the magnetorheological fluid between the first magnetorheological fluid chamber and the second magnetorheological fluid chamber along with the vibration of the core shaft. Thus, the damping of the shock absorber realizes multi-level range adjustment, and the stiffness of the shock absorber realizes adaptive change, so as to achieve the shock absorption effect of integrated active and passive control. The following will be described in detail.

[0041] In one embodiment, as Figures 1 to 5 shown, the shock absorber includes a housing 1, a core shaft 2, a buffer elastic body 3, a first floating slide plate 4, a magnetorheological device 5, and a second floating slide plate 6.

[0042] As Figure 2As shown, the shock absorber has an intersecting first direction Y and second direction X. Optionally, the first direction Y is perpendicular to the second direction X. It can be understood that the first direction Y is the axial direction of the shock absorber, and the second direction X is the radial direction of the shock absorber.

[0043] The above-mentioned "perpendicular" refers to a state where the angle formed by a straight line and a straight line, a straight line and a plane, or a plane and a plane is 89° - 91°.

[0044] Specifically, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 shown, one end of the housing 1 is provided with an opening 10. The housing 1 includes a cylinder 11, a first plate 12, and a second plate 13. The cylinder 11 has opposite ends in the first direction Y, and the first plate 12 and the second plate 13 are respectively provided at opposite ends of the cylinder 11. Among them, the cylinder 11 has a skirt 110 connected to the second plate 13, and this skirt 110 can enable better assembly of the cylinder 11 and the second plate 13 to form a sealed space.

[0045] One end of the mandrel 2 extends into the housing 1 from the opening 10.

[0046] The buffer elastomer 3 is sleeved on one end of the mandrel 2 and is arranged inside the housing 1.

[0047] The first floating slide plate 4 is arranged inside the housing 1 and is located on the side of the buffer elastomer 3 away from the opening 10.

[0048] The buffer elastomer 3 is connected to the first floating slide plate 4 and the inner wall of the housing 1.

[0049] Conventional buffer elastomers 3 can be steel helical springs. Steel helical springs are mechanical components with functions such as buffering, shock absorption, and energy storage, and are often used in multiple fields such as automobiles, aerospace, and rail vehicles. Under the action of an external load, due to the elastic and structural characteristics of the material, deformation will occur, converting mechanical energy or kinetic energy into strain energy; after unloading, the deformation immediately recovers, and the strain energy is converted into mechanical energy or kinetic energy. The helical spring is used to buffer the impact force generated by fluctuations, can effectively reduce vibration, and ensure the stable operation of the equipment. Helical springs are widely used because of their large static compression amount, low natural frequency, good low-frequency vibration isolation performance, corrosion resistance to oil, water, solvents, etc., and insensitivity to temperature changes. However, due to the very small damping (damping ratio is about 0.005) of traditional helical springs, there is almost no energy dissipation effect, which restricts their application in vibration damping control. At the same time, various vibration isolation and damping devices are mostly passive, and do not have the advantages of automatically or semi-automatically adjusting according to the external load feedback, and cannot better meet the requirements of semi-active shock absorbers.

[0050] Therefore, the buffer elastomer 3 in the embodiments of the present application can be a rubber elastomer, which has good damping and good stiffness characteristics, and can generally well meet the vibration isolation requirements of medium and high frequencies.

[0051] As Figure 2 or Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown, the magnetorheological device 5 is disposed within the housing 1 and is located on a side of the first floating slide plate 4 away from the buffer elastic body 3.

[0052] The second floating slide plate 6 is disposed within the housing 1 and is located on a side of the magnetorheological device 5 away from the first floating slide plate 4.

[0053] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown, the first floating slide plate 4, the magnetorheological device 5, and the housing 1 cooperate to enclose a first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20 filled with magnetorheological fluid. The second floating slide plate 6, the magnetorheological device 5, and the housing 1 cooperate to enclose a second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 filled with magnetorheological fluid. The second floating slide plate 6 and the housing 1 cooperate to enclose a gas chamber 40 filled with buffer gas. Among them, the magnetorheological device 5 is configured to control the flow or rest of the magnetorheological fluid between the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20 and the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 along with the vibration of the mandrel 2. In this way, the damping of the shock absorber is adjusted within a multi-stage range, and the stiffness of the shock absorber is adaptively changed, so as to achieve the shock absorption effect of integrated active and passive control.

[0054] The above-mentioned buffer gas can be gases such as nitrogen, argon, helium, carbon dioxide, etc., and no special limitation is made here.

[0055] The above-mentioned magnetorheological fluid is a new type of intelligent material that is sensitive to magnetic fields and has controllable properties. It is a suspension mainly composed of a non-magnetic carrier liquid, magnetic particles dispersed therein, and additives. It exhibits Newtonian fluid characteristics in the absence of a magnetic field. Once an external magnetic field is applied, its properties can change from a Newtonian fluid to a Bingham fluid with high viscosity and low fluidity within milliseconds and has a certain shear yield resistance. This change has the characteristics of continuity, reversibility, easy control, rapid response, and a large working temperature range.

[0056] Since a rubber elastic body is used as the buffer elastic body 3, the low-frequency vibration isolation effect may be poor. Therefore, in this application, two magnetorheological fluid chambers are provided inside the housing 1, and an external magnetic field is applied to the magnetorheological fluid in the magnetorheological fluid chambers to change the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid and achieve the controllable damping performance of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0057] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 shown, the bottom of the buffer elastic body 3 is fixedly connected to the first floating slide plate 4, thereby forming a shock absorber with a passive vibration isolation effect (which can be called a rubber shock absorber).

[0058] Specifically, as Figure 2 orFigure 4 As shown, the buffer elastomer 3 includes a first buffer elastic part 31, a second buffer elastic part 32, and a third buffer elastic part 33.

[0059] The second buffer elastic part 32 is connected to the first buffer elastic part 31 and the third buffer elastic part 33 in the first direction Y. The end face of the first buffer elastic part 31 abuts against the first plate 12 or there is a gap. When the buffer elastomer 3 is in a stretched or static state, the end face (top face) of the first buffer elastic part 31 abuts against the bottom face of the first plate 12. When the buffer elastomer 3 is in a compressed state, due to the elastic deformation of the buffer elastomer 3, there is a gap between the end face of the first buffer elastic part 31 and the first plate 12.

[0060] The outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part 32 is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder 11. The outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part 32 contacts the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder 11 so that the buffer elastomer 3 can move relative to the inside of the housing 1.

[0061] The third buffer elastic part 33 is connected to the first floating slide plate 4. The fixing method of the third buffer elastic part 33 and the first floating slide plate 4 includes but is not limited to bolts and the like.

[0062] The first buffer elastic part 31, the cylinder 11, and the first plate 12 cooperate to enclose a first sub-deformation chamber 101. The third buffer elastic part 33, the cylinder 11, and the first floating slide plate 4 cooperate to enclose a second sub-deformation chamber 102. The third buffer elastic part 33 and the first floating slide plate 4 cooperate to enclose a third sub-deformation chamber 103.

[0063] The above-mentioned first sub-deformation chamber 101, second sub-deformation chamber 102, and third sub-deformation chamber 103 constitute the buffer space of the buffer elastomer 3 to cause elastic deformation within the buffer space. The structure of this buffer elastomer 3 can reduce the weight of the shock absorber and achieve lightweight.

[0064] In an embodiment, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 shown, the dimension of the first buffer elastic part 31 in the second direction X is smaller than the dimension of the second buffer elastic part 32 in the second direction X; the dimension of the third buffer elastic part 33 in the second direction X is smaller than the dimension of the second buffer elastic part 32 in the second direction X.

[0065] Specifically, the first buffer elastic part 31, the second buffer elastic part 32, and the third buffer elastic part 33 are all circular rings. The outer diameter of the first buffer elastic part 31 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second buffer elastic part 32, and the outer diameter of the third buffer elastic part 33 is smaller than the outer diameter of the second buffer elastic part 32.

[0066] The stiffness and damping force of the above-mentioned buffer elastomer 3 can be changed by changing the geometric shape and material parameters of the buffer elastomer 3, which will not be elaborated here one by one.

[0067] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 shown, the mandrel 2 includes a connected head 21 and a rod portion 22.

[0068] Specifically, the rod portion 22 is a hollow structure. The rod portion 22 includes a first section 221 and a second section 222. One end of the first section 221 is connected to the head 21, and the other end of the first section 221 is connected to the second section 222. The dimension of the second section 222 in the second direction X is smaller than the dimension of the first section 221 in the second direction X. Here, the "dimension of the first section 221 in the second direction X" is the aperture diameter of the first section 221 of the rod portion 22. Similarly, the "dimension of the second section 222 in the second direction X" is the aperture diameter of the second section 222 of the rod portion 22. That is to say, the aperture diameter of the second section 222 of the rod portion 22 is smaller than that of the first section 221, so that the mandrel 2 has a stepped hole structure in its axial direction to reduce weight.

[0069] A connection hole 220 is provided in the second section 222 of the rod portion 22. Specifically, a connection hole 220 is provided on the side surface of the second section 222, and the connection hole 220 can be a self-locking screw hole to prevent the equipment connection bolt from loosening.

[0070] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 shown, the first buffer elastic portion 31 is provided with a first through hole 310, the second buffer elastic portion 32 is provided with a second through hole 320 communicating with the first through hole 310. The third buffer elastic portion 33 is provided with a third through hole 330 communicating with the second through hole 320 to reduce the weight of the buffer elastomer 3.

[0071] One end of the rod portion 22 is disposed in the first through hole 310 and contacts the inner wall of the first through hole 310, and the head 21 is disposed in the second through hole 320 and contacts the inner wall of the second through hole 320. It can be understood that the head 21 of the mandrel 2 is embedded in the second buffer elastic portion 32, and the rod portion 22 connected to the head 21 extends out from the inside of the first buffer elastic portion 31.

[0072] The above-mentioned mandrel 2 is fixedly connected to the buffer elastomer 3 by vulcanization. The first buffer elastic portion 31 and the second buffer elastic portion 32 of the buffer elastomer 3 are restricted by the housing 1, and the third buffer elastic portion 33 of the buffer elastomer 3 is fixedly connected to the first floating slide plate 4, thereby forming a shock absorber with a passive vibration isolation effect.

[0073] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 or Figure 5As shown, the magnetorheological device 5 includes a lining plate 51 and an exciting coil 52, and the exciting coil 52 is wound around the outer peripheral wall of the lining plate 51. The exciting coil 52 can change the magnetic field intensity generated by the exciting coil 52 according to the current, and further change the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, so as to realize the controllable damping performance of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0074] In one embodiment, as Figure 2 or Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown, the shock absorber further includes a sensor 7, which is arranged at the bottom of the housing 1 and located at the center position of the second plate 13. The sensor 7 is used to monitor the vibration frequency of the external excitation, and the exciting coil 52 passes a corresponding current according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation to realize the damping force output.

[0075] The above-mentioned sensor 7 includes but is not limited to an acceleration sensor 7. The acceleration sensor 7 can identify the vibration frequency of the external excitation in real time to pass a corresponding current, so as to adjust the magnetic field intensity generated by the exciting coil 52 to adjust the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, so as to realize the controllable damping performance of the magnetorheological fluid.

[0076] In one embodiment, as Figure 4 or Figure 5 shown, the magnetorheological device 5 further includes a first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and a second one-way magnetic flux valve 54. The lining plate 51 is provided with a first channel 511 and a second channel 512. The first channel 511 is provided with the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53, and the second channel 512 is provided with the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54. The first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are symmetrically arranged in the axial direction of the shock absorber, so that the magnetorheological fluid can flow unidirectionally when there is a pressure difference.

[0077] The opening and closing states of the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 can be changed according to the identification of the acceleration sensor 7, so as to adjust the flow direction of the magnetorheological fluid and produce an effect of adjustable damping.

[0078] Specifically, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to open the first channel 511 so that the magnetorheological fluid flows from the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20 to the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30. The second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to open the second channel 512 so that the magnetorheological fluid flows from the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 to the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20.

[0079] The first working state of the shock absorber is: when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastomer 3 is in a stretched state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to open the first channel 511, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to close the second channel 512.

[0080] The second working state of the shock absorber is as follows: when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastomer 3 is in a compressed state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to close the first channel 511, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to open the second channel 512.

[0081] The third working state of the shock absorber is as follows: when the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 is configured to close the first channel 511, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is configured to close the second channel 512.

[0082] When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is very small, the shock absorber can switch back and forth between the first working state and the second working state. The first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are alternately opened or closed under the action of the pressure difference, and the first floating slide plate 4 and the second floating slide plate 6 move back and forth in the axial direction of the shock absorber.

[0083] Specifically, when the buffer elastomer 3 is in a tensile state, the first floating slide plate 4 and the second floating slide plate 6 move upward, and the pressure received by the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 is greater than the pressure received by the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20. Under the action of the pressure difference, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 opens, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 closes. The magnetorheological fluid flows from the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30 to the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20, and the buffer gas in the air chamber 40 is not compressed. The damping force is jointly generated by the buffer elastomer 3, the magnetorheological fluid, and the buffer gas in the air chamber 40. At this time, the shock absorber can be well applied to the low-frequency vibration isolation requirements.

[0084] When the buffer elastomer 3 is in a compressed state, the first floating slide plate 4 and the second floating slide plate 6 move downward, and the pressure received by the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20 is greater than the pressure received by the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30. Under the action of the pressure difference, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 closes, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 opens. The magnetorheological fluid flows from the first magnetorheological fluid chamber 20 to the second magnetorheological fluid chamber 30, and the buffer gas in the air chamber 40 is compressed. The damping force is jointly generated by the buffer elastomer 3, the magnetorheological fluid, and the buffer gas in the air chamber 40. At this time, the shock absorber can be well applied to the low-frequency vibration isolation requirements.

[0085] When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is large and approximately solid, the first floating slide plate 4 and the second floating slide plate 6 cannot move in the axial direction of the shock absorber. The first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are both in a closed state, and the nitrogen gas is not compressed. The damping force is mainly generated by the buffer elastomer 3. At this time, the shock absorber can be well applied to the medium- and high-frequency vibration isolation requirements.

[0086] Therefore, the shock absorber uses buffer elastomer 3, magnetorheological fluid and buffer gas (such as nitrogen) as working medium, wherein the damping force is mainly achieved by real-time monitoring of the vibration frequency of external excitation by sensor 7, and the magnetic induction intensity generated by the coil is adjusted by changing the current of the excitation coil 52 as needed, thereby changing the flow state of the magnetorheological fluid to achieve the purpose of adjustable damping force.

[0087] In one embodiment, the vibration absorber further comprises a first sealing assembly 8 and a second sealing assembly 9, which are used to prevent leakage of the magnetorheological fluid. The first sealing assembly 8 and the second sealing assembly 9 are usually made of rubber or other applicable sealing materials.

[0088] The first sealing component 8 is sleeved on the first floating slide 4. It can be understood that the first floating slide 4 has a structure that cooperates with the first sealing component 8, so that the first sealing component 8 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the first floating slide 4. For example, the first floating slide 4 is provided with a groove, and the first sealing component 8 has a protrusion that cooperates with the groove.

[0089] The second sealing component 9 is sleeved on the second floating slide plate 6. It can be understood that the second floating slide plate 6 has a structure that cooperates with the second sealing component 9, so that the second sealing component 9 is arranged on the outer peripheral side of the second floating slide plate 6. For example, the second floating slide plate 6 is provided with a groove, and the second sealing component 9 has a protrusion that cooperates with the groove.

[0090] The shock absorber provided in the embodiment of the present application has a semi-active control characteristic, and the magnitude of the magnetic induction intensity is changed by adjusting the magnitude of the current in the excitation coil 52, thereby adjusting the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid. When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz, the first floating slide 4 and the second floating slide 6 move, and the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 or the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 is opened to change the flow direction of the magnetorheological fluid. At this time, the damping force and stiffness of the shock absorber can be adjusted by the buffering elastomer 3, the magnetorheological fluid and the buffer gas. When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is above 200 Hz, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is very large and is close to a solid. The first floating slide 4 and the second floating slide 6 cannot move, the first one-way magnetic flux valve 53 and the second one-way magnetic flux valve 54 are both in a closed state, and the buffer gas is not compressed. At this time, the shock absorber is in a stationary state, and the damping force is mainly generated by the buffering elastomer 3. Therefore, the shock absorber has a semi-active control characteristic and can be better applied to low, medium and high frequency vibration isolation requirements.

[0091] The embodiment of the present application further provides an aircraft, which includes the above-mentioned shock absorber and a central controller. Schematically, the aircraft can be an airplane, a drone, etc.

[0092] The shock absorber can be a main landing gear shock absorber, a landing gear trailing shock absorber, an engine shock absorber and an aircraft seat shock absorber of an aircraft.

[0093] When the shock absorber is used as the main landing gear shock absorber, the main landing gear is usually equipped with shock absorbers to reduce the vibration and impact force of the aircraft during landing and taxiing. These shock absorbers are located at the bottom of the main landing gear and protect the aircraft structure and passengers by absorbing and reducing the landing impact force.

[0094] When the shock absorber is used as the landing gear drag shock absorber, the landing gear system may also include a drag shock absorber to reduce the vibration and impact on the aircraft structure and systems during takeoff and landing.

[0095] When the shock absorber is used as an engine shock absorber, the aircraft's engine system usually includes shock absorbers to reduce the vibration and impact generated during engine operation. These shock absorbers are located between the engine accessories and the support structure to reduce the vibration transmitted to the aircraft fuselage.

[0096] When the shock absorber is used as an aircraft seat shock absorber, the passenger seats in the cockpit can also be equipped with shock absorbers to reduce the discomfort of passengers caused by vibration and bumps during flight.

[0097] The components of the different embodiments described herein can be combined to form other embodiments not specifically stated above. The components can be considered outside the structures described herein without adversely affecting their operation. In addition, various individual components can be combined into one or more individual components to perform the functions described herein.

[0098] In addition, although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, they are not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily achieved. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated and described examples herein.

Claims

1. A shock absorber, characterized in that: include: A shell having an opening at one end; A core shaft, one end of which extends from the opening into the shell; A buffer elastic body, sleeved on one end of the core shaft and arranged in the housing; A first floating slide plate is disposed in the shell and is located on a side of the buffer elastic body away from the opening, and the buffer elastic body is connected to the first floating slide plate and an inner wall of the shell; a magnetorheological device, disposed in the housing and located on a side of the first floating slide away from the buffer elastic body, wherein the first floating slide, the magnetorheological device and the housing cooperate to form a first magnetorheological fluid chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid; and A second floating slide plate is disposed in the shell and is located on a side of the magnetorheological device away from the first floating slide plate. The second floating slide plate, the magnetorheological device and the shell cooperate to form a second magnetorheological fluid chamber filled with magnetorheological fluid. The second floating slide plate and the shell cooperate to form an air chamber filled with buffer gas. The magnetorheological device is configured to control the magnetorheological fluid to flow or remain stationary between the first magnetorheological fluid chamber and the second magnetorheological fluid chamber as the core shaft vibrates.

2. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorber has a first direction and a second direction intersecting each other; The shell comprises a cylinder, a first plate and a second plate, the cylinder has two opposite ends in the first direction, and the first plate and the second plate are respectively arranged at the opposite ends of the cylinder; The buffer elastic body comprises a first buffer elastic part, a second buffer elastic part and a third buffer elastic part, the second buffer elastic part is connected to the first buffer elastic part and the third buffer elastic part in the first direction, the end surface of the first buffer elastic part abuts against the first plate or there is a gap, the outer peripheral wall of the second buffer elastic part is slidably connected to the inner peripheral wall of the cylinder, and the third buffer elastic part is connected to the first floating slide plate; The first buffer elastic part cooperates with the cylinder and the first plate to form a first sub-deformation chamber, the third buffer elastic part cooperates with the cylinder and the first floating slide to form a second sub-deformation chamber, and the third buffer elastic part cooperates with the first floating slide to form a third sub-deformation chamber.

3. The shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The dimension of the first buffer elastic portion in the second direction is smaller than the dimension of the second buffer elastic portion in the second direction; A dimension of the third buffer elastic portion in the second direction is smaller than a dimension of the second buffer elastic portion in the second direction.

4. The shock absorber according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mandrel comprises a head portion and a stem portion connected to each other; The first buffer elastic part defines a first through hole, the second buffer elastic part defines a second through hole communicating with the first through hole, the head is disposed in the second through hole, and one end of the rod is disposed in the first through hole.

5. The shock absorber according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rod portion is a hollow structure, and includes a first section and a second section. One end of the first section is connected to the head, and the other end of the first section is connected to the second section. The size of the second section in the second direction is smaller than the size of the first section in the second direction, and the second section is provided with a connecting hole.

6. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetorheological device comprises a lining plate and an excitation coil, wherein the excitation coil is wound around the outer peripheral wall of the lining plate; The shock absorber also includes a sensor, which is arranged at the bottom of the shell. The sensor is used to monitor the vibration frequency of the external excitation. The excitation coil is supplied with a corresponding current according to the vibration frequency of the external excitation to achieve damping force output.

7. The shock absorber according to claim 6, characterized in that: The magnetorheological device further includes a first one-way magnetic flux valve and a second one-way magnetic flux valve, the lining plate is provided with a first channel and a second channel, the first channel is provided with the first one-way magnetic flux valve, and the second channel is provided with the second one-way magnetic flux valve; The first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first channel to allow the magnetorheological fluid to flow from the second magnetorheological fluid chamber to the first magnetorheological fluid chamber; The second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second passage to allow the magnetorheological fluid to flow from the first magnetorheological fluid chamber to the second magnetorheological fluid chamber.

8. The shock absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastic body is in a stretched state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second channel; When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is below 200 Hz and the buffer elastic body is in a compressed state, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to open the second channel.

9. The vibration absorber according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the vibration frequency of the external excitation is greater than 200 Hz, the first one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the first channel, and the second one-way magnetic flux valve is configured to close the second channel.

10. The shock absorber according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A first sealing assembly, sleeved on the first floating slide; as well as The second sealing assembly is sleeved on the second floating slide plate.

11. An aircraft, characterized in that: The invention comprises a vibration absorber as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

Images