Offshore area wind power plant arrangement optimization method, device, equipment and medium

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of wind power plant layout, particularly provides an offshore area wind power plant arrangement optimization method and device, equipment and a medium, and aims to solve the technical problem of low power generation efficiency of a wind turbine generator caused by unreasonable offshore area wind power plant layout. The method comprises the steps that a wind power plant construction area, the number of wind turbine generators and wind resource data are acquired; obtaining a background flow field wind speed and background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data; obtaining a wind power plant unit initial population according to the wind power plant construction area and the number of wind turbine units; wherein the wind power plant unit initial population comprises position coordinates of a plurality of wind turbine units; obtaining total generation power according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity; and according to the total generation power, performing optimization processing on the wind power plant unit initial population to obtain wind power plant unit arrangement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of wind farm layout, and specifically provides an optimization method, device, equipment and medium for the layout of an offshore wind farm. Background Art

[0002] Wind energy is an important part of the development of clean energy. With the trend of large-scale wind farms and diverse operating environments, the importance of optimizing the layout of wind farms has become increasingly prominent.

[0003] In the prior art, the layout of wind farms along the coastline is usually linear, fan-shaped and circular. During the operation of wind turbines, from the coastline to the installation location of wind turbines, due to the change in the surface roughness, the regional flow field will enter the transition stage. Moreover, the wind speed and turbulence characteristics change with space, which will cause the anemometer tower to be unable to accurately monitor the flow information of the flow field. In addition, during the transition stage of the regional flow field, the wake of the wind turbine will be affected. Therefore, the current layout of wind farms will lead to the technical problem of low power generation efficiency of wind turbines.

[0004] Correspondingly, there is a need in the art for a new optimization method for the layout of offshore wind farms to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to overcome the above defects, the present application is proposed to provide a solution to solve or at least partially solve the technical problem that the layout of the offshore wind farm in the prior art is unreasonable, which in turn leads to low power generation efficiency of wind turbines.

[0006] In a first aspect, the present application provides an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm, including:

[0007] Obtain the wind farm construction area, the number of wind turbines and wind resource data;

[0008] According to the wind resource data, obtain the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity;

[0009] According to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbines, obtain the initial population of wind farm units; wherein, the initial population of wind farm units includes the position coordinates of multiple wind turbines;

[0010] According to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity, obtain the total power generation;

[0011] According to the total power generation, perform an optimization process on the initial population of wind farm units to obtain the layout of wind farm units.

[0012] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of an offshore wind farm, obtaining the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity includes:

[0013] Obtaining the wake velocity deficit half-width and the Gaussian distribution standard deviation of the wake edge region of the wind turbine according to the flow direction position behind the wind turbine, the rotor diameter, and the background flow field turbulence intensity;

[0014] Obtaining the additional turbulence intensity distribution according to the wake velocity deficit half-width of the wind turbine, the Gaussian distribution standard deviation of the wake edge region, and the ground correction;

[0015] Obtaining the distribution of the turbulence intensity according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity;

[0016] Obtaining the corrected thrust coefficient according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity;

[0017] Obtaining the wake velocity deficit according to the background flow field wind speed, the free-field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, and the corrected thrust coefficient;

[0018] Obtaining the additional inflow streamwise turbulence intensity according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution;

[0019] Obtaining the inflow velocity deficit according to the average velocity deficit;

[0020] Obtaining the wind speed in front of the hub according to the ambient inflow wind speed and the inflow velocity deficit;

[0021] Obtaining the output power of the current wind turbine according to the wind speed in front of the hub;

[0022] Obtaining the total output power according to the wind speed, the output power of the current wind turbine, the number of wind turbines, and the wind resource data.

[0023] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of an offshore wind farm, obtaining the ground correction includes:

[0024] Obtaining a correction coefficient according to the wake radius and the wake half-width;

[0025] Obtaining the ground correction according to the correction coefficient and the correction amount.

[0026] In one technical solution of the above-mentioned method for optimizing the layout of an offshore wind farm, obtaining the wake velocity deficit according to the background flow field wind speed, the free-field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, and the corrected thrust coefficient includes:

[0027] In any iteration, obtaining the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed;

[0028] Obtain the i-th wake velocity deficit based on the background flow field wind speed, thrust coefficient, corrected thrust coefficient, and the ratio of the i-th background convective velocity to the reference wind speed;

[0029] Obtain the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convective velocity to the reference wind speed based on the no-load wind speed and the background flow field wind speed;

[0030] Obtain the rate of change of the ratio based on the ratio of the i-th background convective velocity to the reference wind speed and the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convective velocity to the reference wind speed;

[0031] When it is determined that the rate of change of the ratio is less than a preset threshold, obtain the ratio of the I-th background convective velocity to the reference wind speed; where I is the number of iterations;

[0032] Obtain the wake velocity deficit based on the background flow field wind speed, no-load wind speed, thrust coefficient, the distribution of the turbulence intensity, and the ratio of the I-th background convective velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0033] In a technical solution of the above method for optimizing the layout of an offshore wind farm, the obtaining of the corrected thrust coefficient according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity includes:

[0034] Obtain an adjustment coefficient according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity and the background flow field wind speed;

[0035] Obtain the corrected thrust coefficient according to the adjustment coefficient, the background flow field wind speed, and the rotor diameter.

[0036] In a technical solution of the above method for optimizing the layout of an offshore wind farm, the obtaining of the distribution of the turbulence intensity according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity includes:

[0037] Obtain the sum of the squares of the turbulence according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity;

[0038] Obtain the distribution of the turbulence intensity according to the sum of the squares of the turbulence.

[0039] In a technical solution of the above method for optimizing the layout of an offshore wind farm, the optimizing the initial population of the wind farm units according to the total power generation to obtain the wind farm layout includes:

[0040] In each round, obtain the i-th wind farm unit population;

[0041] Obtain the i-th mutated wind farm unit population according to the i-th wind farm unit population;

[0042] Obtain the (i + 1)-th wind farm unit population according to the i-th mutated wind farm unit population;

[0043] When it is determined that the total power generation is at the maximum value, the layout of the wind turbines in the Nth wind farm is obtained, and the optimization process is stopped; where N is the total number of rounds, and the layout of the wind turbines in the Nth wind farm is the layout of the wind farm.

[0044] In a second aspect, the present application provides an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm, including:

[0045] An acquisition module for acquiring the construction area of the wind farm, the number of wind turbines, and wind resource data;

[0046] An analysis module for obtaining the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data;

[0047] A processing module for obtaining an initial population of wind farm turbines according to the construction area of the wind farm and the number of wind turbines; where the initial population of wind farm turbines includes the position coordinates of a plurality of wind turbines;

[0048] The processing module is further configured to obtain the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity;

[0049] An optimization module for optimizing the initial population of wind farm turbines according to the total power generation to obtain the layout of the wind farm turbines.

[0050] In a third aspect, the present application provides an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm, including a processor and a storage device. The storage device is adapted to store multiple program codes, and the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by the processor to execute the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0051] In a fourth aspect, the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which multiple program codes are stored, and the program codes are adapted to be loaded and run by a processor to execute the method described in any one of the first aspects.

[0052] The present application provides an optimization method, device, equipment, and medium for the layout of an offshore wind farm. The method specifically includes: acquiring the construction area of the wind farm, the number of wind turbines, and wind resource data; obtaining the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data; obtaining an initial population of wind farm turbines according to the construction area of the wind farm and the number of wind turbines; where the initial population of wind farm turbines includes the position coordinates of a plurality of wind turbines; obtaining the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity; optimizing the initial population of wind farm turbines according to the total power generation to obtain the layout of the wind farm turbines, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the wind turbines in the offshore area. Description of the Drawings

[0053] Referring to the accompanying drawings, the disclosure of the present application will become more readily understandable. It is easily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are only for illustrative purposes and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. In addition, similar numbers in the drawings are used to represent similar components, where:

[0054] Figure 1 is a schematic flowchart of the first embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Figure 2 is a schematic flowchart of the second embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Figure 3 is a schematic flowchart of the third embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Figure 4 is a schematic flowchart of the fourth embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Figure 5 is a schematic flowchart of the fifth embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Figure 6 is a schematic flowchart of the sixth embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 7 is a schematic flowchart of the seventh embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Figure 9 is a schematic structural diagram of the first embodiment of an optimization equipment for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0063] List of Reference Signs :

[0064] 11: Acquisition module; 12: Analysis module; 13: Processing module; 14: Optimization module; 21: Processor; 22: Memory. Detailed implementation manners

[0065] Some embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to explain the technical principles of the present application and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application.

[0066] In the description of the present application, a "module" and a "processor" may include hardware, software, or a combination of both. A module may include a hardware circuit, various suitable sensors, communication ports, memories, and may also include a software part, such as program code, or may be a combination of software and hardware. A processor may be a central processing unit, a microprocessor, an image processor, a digital signal processor, or any other suitable processor. The processor has data and / or signal processing functions. The processor may be implemented in software, in hardware, or in a combination of both. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium includes any suitable medium for storing program code, such as a magnetic disk, a hard disk, an optical disk, a flash memory, a read-only memory, a random access memory, and the like. The term "A and / or B" represents all possible combinations of A and B, such as only A, only B, or A and B. The term "at least one A or B" or "at least one of A and B" has a meaning similar to "A and / or B" and may include only A, only B, or A and B. The singular terms "a" and "the" may also include the plural form.

[0067] In the prior art, when installing wind power generation equipment in the offshore area, a linear, fan-shaped, or circular arrangement method is often used to arrange the wind power generation equipment. However, this arrangement method does not consider the change of the wake of the wind turbine caused by the change of the regional flow field in the offshore area, resulting in the technical problem of low power generation efficiency of the wind turbines in the wind farm with this arrangement method.

[0068] Based on this, in order to solve the above technical problems, the present application provides an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm to optimize the layout of the wind turbines and thereby improve the power generation efficiency of the wind turbines.

[0069] The technical solution of the present application and how the technical solution of the present application solves the above technical problems will be described in detail below with specific embodiments. These several specific embodiments below can be combined with each other, and the same or similar concepts or processes may not be repeated in some embodiments. The embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0070] Figure 1 It is a schematic flow chart of Embodiment 1 of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, specifically, the method includes:

[0071] Step S101: Obtain the wind farm construction area, the number of wind turbines, and wind resource data.

[0072] In this embodiment, the wind farm construction area includes the macroscopic topographic map of the wind farm area and the planned construction scope of the wind farm. The wind resource data includes the wind speed and turbulence intensity of each wind direction obtained by the anemometer tower.

[0073] In this embodiment, for example, the wind farm construction area is 2,400 meters wide, 1,800 meters long, and 8 kilometers away from the coastline. The number of wind turbines is 25.

[0074] Step S102: Obtain the background flow field wind speed and background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data.

[0075] In this embodiment, through computational fluid dynamics simulation software, the distribution of the background flow field wind speed and turbulence intensity of the wind farm construction area under sixteen wind directions is obtained. And in the computational fluid dynamics simulation software, according to the wind resource data, the background flow field turbulence intensity corresponding to each wind speed segment for each wind direction is determined.

[0076] Step S103: Obtain the initial population of the wind farm turbines according to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbines.

[0077] In this embodiment, the initial population of the wind farm turbines includes the position coordinates of multiple wind turbines.

[0078] In this embodiment, within the wind farm construction area, according to the number of wind turbines, multiple wind turbine coordinates are randomly generated, and each wind turbine coordinate in the multiple wind turbine coordinates is an individual.

[0079] Step S104: Obtain the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and background flow field turbulence intensity.

[0080] In this embodiment, according to the background flow field wind speed and background flow field turbulence intensity, the total power generation of the individuals in the initial population is obtained by coupling the single - machine wake velocity model, turbulence intensity model, wake velocity linear superposition method, and turbulence intensity superposition method under roughness mutation.

[0081] Step S105: Optimize the initial population of the wind farm turbines according to the total power generation to obtain the layout of the wind farm turbines.

[0082] In this embodiment, according to the total power generation, the initial population of the wind turbines is optimized multiple times to obtain the layout of the wind farm turbines, so that when the wind turbines in the wind farm are arranged in this layout, the maximum total power generation can be obtained.

[0083] In this embodiment, the wind farm construction area, the number of wind turbines, and the wind resource data are obtained; according to the wind resource data, the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity are obtained; according to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbines, the initial population of the wind farm turbines is obtained, where the initial population of the wind farm turbines includes the position coordinates of multiple wind turbines; according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity, the total power generation is obtained; according to the total power generation, the initial population of the wind farm turbines is optimized to obtain the layout of the wind farm turbines. Compared with the prior art, the layout of the offshore wind farm is unreasonable, which leads to low power generation efficiency of the offshore wind turbines. In this application, by obtaining the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data, and obtaining the initial population of the wind farm turbines according to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbines, and then obtaining the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity, so as to optimize the initial population of the wind farm turbines according to the total power generation to obtain the layout of the wind farm turbines, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the offshore wind turbines.

[0084] Figure 2 FIG. is a schematic flow chart of Embodiment 2 of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 2 shown, specifically, the specific implementation manner of step S104 includes:

[0085] Step S201: Obtain the half-width of the wake velocity deficit and the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution in the wake edge region of the wind turbine according to the downstream flow position behind the wind turbine, the rotor diameter, and the background flow field turbulence intensity.

[0086] In this embodiment, according to Formula 1:

[0087] r 1 / 2 = 1.18 * (k w *x + ε * D) (1)

[0088] The half-width of the wake velocity deficit r 1 / 2 of the wind turbine is obtained. Wherein, k w = 0.09 * I b0 , I b0 is the background flow field turbulence intensity, x is the downstream flow position behind the wind turbine, and D is the rotor diameter.

[0089] In this embodiment, according to Formula 2:

[0090]

[0091] ε is obtained. Wherein, C T is the thrust coefficient.

[0092] In this embodiment, according to Formula 3:

[0093]

[0094] Obtain the standard deviation σ of the Gaussian distribution in the wake edge region T .

[0095] Step S202: Obtain the additional turbulence intensity distribution based on the wake velocity deficit half-width of the wind turbine, the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution in the wake edge region, and the ground correction

[0096] In this embodiment, according to Formula 4

[0097]

[0098] Obtain the additional turbulence intensity distribution ΔIu, where δ(r) is the ground correction

[0099] Step S203: Obtain the distribution of the turbulence intensity based on the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the turbulence intensity of the background flow field

[0100] In this embodiment, perform a summation process on the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the turbulence intensity of the background flow field, and the sum value obtained is the distribution of the turbulence intensity

[0101] Step S204: Obtain the corrected thrust coefficient according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity

[0102] Step S205: Obtain the wake velocity deficit according to the background flow field wind speed, the free-field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, and the corrected thrust coefficient

[0103] In this embodiment, subtract the wake velocity from the free-field wind speed to obtain a difference value. The ratio of this difference value to the background flow field wind speed is the iterative formula. According to the thrust coefficient and the corrected force coefficient, the obtained formula is equivalent to the iterative formula. Through the iterative condition, the iterative formula is iterated to obtain the wake velocity deficit

[0104] Step S206: Obtain the additional inflow streamwise turbulence intensity according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution

[0105] In this embodiment, according to Formula 5

[0106]

[0107] Obtain the additional inflow streamwise turbulence intensity ΔIu i (x, y, z). Where, ΔIu i (x, y, z) represents the additional turbulence intensity at the point (x, y, z) on the wind turbine of the current i-th wind turbine; when and only when the i-th wind turbine is downstream of the j-th wind turbine, q ij = 1, in other cases, q ij = 0; N is the number of wind turbines in the wind farm

[0108] Step S207: Obtain the inflow velocity deficit based on the average velocity deficit.

[0109] In this embodiment, according to Equation 6:

[0110]

[0111] Obtain the inflow velocity deficit ΔU i (x, y, z). Where, ΔU i (x, y, z) represents the inflow velocity deficit at the point (x, y, z) on the wind turbine rotor of the i-th wind turbine; ΔU ij (x, y, z) represents the average velocity deficit at the point (x, y, z) on the wind turbine rotor of the i-th wind turbine caused by the j-th wind turbine; q = 1 if and only if the i-th wind turbine is located downstream of the j-th wind turbine, and q = 0 in other cases; N is the number of wind turbines in the wind farm. ij =1, in other cases, q ij =0; N is the number of wind turbines in the wind farm.

[0112] Step S208: Obtain the wind speed in front of the hub based on the ambient inflow wind speed and the inflow velocity deficit.

[0113] In this embodiment, according to Equation 7:

[0114]

[0115] Obtain the wind speed U i in front of the hub. Where, U i represents the wind speed in front of the hub of the i-th wind turbine; U0 is the ambient inflow wind speed. is the average value of the inflow velocity deficits at multiple points on the i-th wind turbine.

[0116] Step S209: Obtain the output power of the current wind turbine based on the wind speed in front of the hub.

[0117] In this embodiment, according to the wind speed in front of the hub of the wind turbine and the power curve of the wind turbine, obtain the output power of the current wind turbine under the current wind conditions. Where, the power curve of the wind turbine is the corresponding relationship between the wind speed in front of the hub and the output power of the wind turbine.

[0118] Step S210: Obtain the total output power based on the wind speed, the output power of the current wind turbine, the number of wind turbines, and the wind resource data.

[0119] In this embodiment, according to Equation 8:

[0120]

[0121] Obtain the total output power Ptotal Among them, W jk is the wind condition with wind speed u j and wind direction θ k ; P i is the output power of wind turbine i under the wind condition W jk ; f(W jk ) is the probability of the occurrence of wind condition W jk ; N θ is the number of wind directions; N u is the number of wind speed segments taken for a single small wind direction; N is the number of wind turbines.

[0122] In this embodiment, according to the flow direction position behind the wind turbine, the rotor diameter, and the turbulence intensity of the background flow field, the half-width of the wake velocity deficit and the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution in the wake edge region of the wind turbine are obtained; according to the half-width of the wake velocity deficit of the wind turbine, the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution in the wake edge region, and the ground correction, the additional turbulence intensity distribution is obtained; according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the turbulence intensity of the background flow field, the distribution of the turbulence intensity is obtained; according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity, the corrected thrust coefficient is obtained; according to the background flow field wind speed, the free-field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, and the corrected thrust coefficient, the wake velocity deficit is obtained; according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution, the additional inflow cross-stream turbulence intensity is obtained; according to the average velocity deficit, the inflow velocity deficit is obtained; according to the environmental incoming flow wind speed and the inflow velocity deficit, the wind speed in front of the hub is obtained; according to the wind speed in front of the hub, the output power of the current wind turbine is obtained; according to the wind speed, the output power of the current wind turbine, the number of wind turbines, and the wind resource data, the total output power is obtained.

[0123] Figure 3 This is a schematic flow chart of the third embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as Figure 3 shown, specifically, obtaining the ground correction in step S202 includes:

[0124] Step S301: Obtain a correction coefficient according to the wake radius and the wake half-width.

[0125] In this embodiment, according to Equation 9:

[0126]

[0127] the correction coefficient k1 is obtained. Among them, r is the wake radius, and r 1 / 2 is the wake half-width.

[0128] Step S302: Obtain the ground correction according to the correction coefficient and the correction amount.

[0129] In this embodiment, according to Equation 10:

[0130]

[0131] The ground correction δ(r) is obtained. Here, α is the correction amount.

[0132] In this embodiment, according to the wake radius and the wake half-width, a correction coefficient is obtained; according to the correction coefficient and the correction amount, the ground correction is obtained.

[0133] Figure 4 It is a schematic flowchart of the fourth embodiment of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 4 shown, specifically, a specific implementation manner of step S205 is:

[0134] Step S401: In any iteration, obtain the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0135] In this embodiment, in the first iteration, the ratio of the first background convection velocity to the reference wind speed is 1.

[0136] Step S402: According to the background flow field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, the corrected thrust coefficient, and the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed, obtain the i-th wake velocity deficit.

[0137] In this embodiment, according to Equation 11:

[0138]

[0139] The i-th wake velocity deficit ΔU is obtained. Here, U b0 is the background flow field wind speed, H i (x) is the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed, σ is the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution in the wake edge region, D is the rotor diameter, C T is the thrust coefficient, is the corrected thrust coefficient, and r is the wake radius.

[0140] Step S403: According to the wind speed in the empty field and the background flow field wind speed, obtain the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0141] In this embodiment, according to Equation 12:

[0142]

[0143] The ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed H i+1 (x) is obtained. Here, U b is the wind speed in the empty field; U b0 is the background flow field wind speed.

[0144] Step S404: Obtain the ratio change rate based on the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed and the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0145] In this embodiment, according to Formula 13:

[0146]

[0147] Obtain the ratio change rate m. Wherein, H i (x) is the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; H i+1 (x) is the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0148] Step S405: When it is determined that the ratio change rate is less than the preset threshold, obtain the ratio of the I-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0149] In this embodiment, I is the number of iterations.

[0150] In this embodiment, for example, the preset threshold is 1%.

[0151] In this embodiment, when it is determined that the ratio change rate is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, execute Step S401.

[0152] Step S406: Obtain the wake velocity deficit based on the background flow field wind speed, the wind speed in the empty field, the thrust coefficient, the distribution of the turbulence intensity, and the ratio of the I-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0153] In this embodiment, substitute the ratio H of the I-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed I (x) into Formula 11 to obtain the wake velocity deficit.

[0154] In this embodiment, in any iteration, obtain the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; obtain the i-th wake velocity deficit according to the background flow field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, and the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; obtain the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed according to the wind speed in the empty field and the background flow field wind speed; obtain the ratio change rate according to the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed and the ratio of the (i + 1)-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; when it is determined that the ratio change rate is less than the preset threshold, obtain the ratio of the I-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; obtain the wake velocity deficit according to the background flow field wind speed, the wind speed in the empty field, the thrust coefficient, the distribution of the turbulence intensity, and the ratio of the I-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; wherein, I is the number of iterations; obtain the wake velocity deficit according to the background flow field wind speed, the wind speed in the empty field, the thrust coefficient, the distribution of the turbulence intensity, and the ratio of the I-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

[0155] Figure 5Schematic flowchart of Embodiment 5 of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 5 shown, specifically, the specific implementation manner of step S204 includes:

[0156] Step S501: Obtain an adjustment coefficient according to the distribution of turbulence intensity and the background flow field wind speed.

[0157] In this embodiment, according to Formula 14:

[0158]

[0159] Obtain the adjustment coefficient where U b0 is the background flow field wind speed; Iu is the distribution of turbulence intensity.

[0160] Step S502: Obtain a corrected thrust coefficient according to the adjustment coefficient, the background flow field wind speed, and the rotor diameter.

[0161] In this embodiment, according to Formula 15:

[0162]

[0163] Obtain the corrected thrust coefficient where is the adjustment coefficient; D is the rotor diameter; U b0 is the background flow field wind speed.

[0164] In this embodiment, an adjustment coefficient is obtained according to the distribution of turbulence intensity and the background flow field wind speed; a corrected thrust coefficient is obtained according to the adjustment coefficient, the background flow field wind speed, and the rotor diameter.

[0165] Figure 6 Schematic flowchart of Embodiment 6 of an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 6 shown, specifically, obtaining the cable cost in step S102 includes:

[0166] Step S601: Obtain the sum of the squares of the turbulence according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity.

[0167] Step S602: Obtain the distribution of the turbulence intensity according to the sum of the squares of the turbulence.

[0168] In this embodiment, according to Formula 16:

[0169]

[0170] Obtain the distribution of the turbulence intensity Iu. Where ΔIu is the additional turbulence intensity distribution; I b0 is the background flow field turbulence intensity.

[0171] In this embodiment, according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the turbulence intensity of the background flow field, the sum of squares of turbulence is obtained; according to the sum of squares of turbulence, the distribution of turbulence intensity is obtained.

[0172] Figure 7 It is a schematic flowchart of the seventh embodiment of an offshore wind farm layout optimization method provided by an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as Figure 7 shown, specifically, a specific implementation manner of step S105 is:

[0173] Step S701: In each round, obtain the population of wind farm units of the i-th wind farm.

[0174] Step S702: Obtain the population of mutated wind farm units of the i-th wind farm according to the population of wind farm units of the i-th wind farm.

[0175] In this embodiment, the population of wind farm units of the i-th wind farm is mutated to obtain the population of mutated wind farm units of the i-th wind farm.

[0176] Step S703: Obtain the population of wind farm units of the (i + 1)-th wind farm according to the population of mutated wind farm units of the i-th wind farm.

[0177] In this embodiment, the population of mutated wind farm units of the i-th wind farm is screened to obtain the population of wind farm units of the (i + 1)-th wind farm.

[0178] Step S704: When it is determined that the total power generation is the maximum value, obtain the layout of the wind farm units of the N-th wind farm and stop the optimization process.

[0179] In this embodiment, N is the total number of rounds, and the layout of the wind farm units of the N-th wind farm is the wind farm layout.

[0180] In this embodiment, when it is determined that the total power generation is not the maximum value, execute step S701.

[0181] In this embodiment, in each round, obtain the population of wind farm units of the i-th wind farm; obtain the population of mutated wind farm units of the i-th wind farm according to the population of wind farm units of the i-th wind farm; obtain the population of wind farm units of the (i + 1)-th wind farm according to the population of mutated wind farm units of the i-th wind farm; when it is determined that the total power generation is the maximum value, obtain the layout of the wind farm units of the N-th wind farm and stop the optimization process; where N is the total number of rounds, and the layout of the wind farm units of the N-th wind farm is the wind farm layout.

[0182] It should be noted that although the above embodiments describe the various steps in a specific order, those skilled in the art can understand that in order to achieve the effects of the present application, the different steps do not necessarily have to be executed in such an order, and they can be executed simultaneously (in parallel) or in other orders, and these changes are all within the protection scope of the present application.

[0183] Furthermore, the present application also provides an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm.

[0184] Figure 8 It is a schematic structural diagram of an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 8 shown, the device in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes an acquisition module 11, an analysis module 12, a processing module 13, and an optimization module 14. In some embodiments, one or more of the acquisition module 11, the analysis module 12, the processing module 13, and the optimization module 14 may be combined together into one module. In some embodiments, the acquisition module 11 may be configured to obtain the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data; the analysis module 12 may be configured to obtain the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data; the processing module 13 may be configured to obtain the initial population of wind farm units according to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbines; wherein, the initial population of wind farm units includes the position coordinates of multiple wind turbines; the processing module 13 may also be configured to obtain the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity; the optimization module 14 may be configured to optimize the initial population of wind farm units according to the total power generation to obtain the layout of the wind farm units.

[0185] The above-mentioned optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm is used to execute Figure 1 the embodiment of the optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm shown. The technical principles, the technical problems solved, and the technical effects produced by the two are similar. Those skilled in the art of this technology can clearly understand that for the convenience and conciseness of description, the specific working process and related descriptions of the optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm can refer to the content described in the embodiment of the optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm, which will not be elaborated here.

[0186] Those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the processes in the method of the above-mentioned embodiment of the present application can also be completed by instructing relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be implemented. Among them, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code can be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form, etc. The computer-readable storage medium can include: any entity or device, medium, USB flash drive, mobile hard disk, magnetic disk, optical disk, computer memory, read-only memory, random access memory, electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium that can carry the computer program code. It should be noted that the content included in the computer-readable storage medium can be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, according to legislation and patent practice, the computer-readable storage medium does not include electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.

[0187] Furthermore, the present application also provides an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm.

[0188] Figure 9 FIG. is a schematic structural diagram of Embodiment 1 of an optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm provided by an embodiment of the present application. As Figure 9 shown, the optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm includes at least one processor 21 and a memory 22. The memory 22 can be configured to store a program for executing the optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm in the above-mentioned Figures 1 to 7 shown embodiment. The processor 21 can be configured to execute the program in the memory 22, and the program includes but is not limited to a program for executing an optimization method for the layout of an offshore wind farm in the above-mentioned method embodiment. For the sake of convenience of description, only the parts related to the embodiments of the present application are shown. For the specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiments of the present application. The optimization device for the layout of an offshore wind farm can be a control device formed by various electronic devices.

[0189] Furthermore, the present application also provides a computer-readable storage medium. In an embodiment of the computer-readable storage medium according to the present application, the computer-readable storage medium may be configured to store a program for executing the method embodiment of the offshore wind farm layout optimization method described above. This program can be loaded and run by a processor to implement the above-mentioned offshore wind farm layout optimization method. For the sake of convenience, only the parts related to the embodiments of the present application are shown. For the specific technical details not disclosed, please refer to the method part of the embodiments of the present application. The computer-readable storage medium may be a storage device formed by various electronic devices. Optionally, the computer-readable storage medium in the embodiments of the present application is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.

[0190] Furthermore, it should be understood that since the setting of each module is only for explaining the functional units of the device of the present application, the corresponding physical devices of these modules can be the processor itself, or a part of the software in the processor, a part of the hardware, or a part of the combination of software and hardware. Therefore, the number of each module in the figure is only illustrative.

[0191] Those skilled in the art can understand that the various modules in the device can be adaptively split or combined. Such splitting or combination of specific modules will not cause the technical solution to deviate from the principle of the present application. Therefore, the technical solutions after splitting or combination will all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0192] So far, the technical solutions of the present application have been described in conjunction with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings. However, it is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the protection scope of the present application is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Without departing from the principle of the present application, those skilled in the art can make equivalent changes or substitutions to the relevant technical features, and the technical solutions after these changes or substitutions will all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for optimizing the layout of offshore wind farms, characterized in that: include: Obtain wind farm construction area, number of wind turbines and wind resource data; According to the wind resource data, the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity are obtained; According to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbines, an initial population of wind farm units is obtained; wherein the initial population of wind farm units includes the location coordinates of multiple wind turbines; Obtaining total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity; According to the total generated power, the initial population of wind farm units is optimized to obtain the arrangement of wind farm units.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The total power generation is obtained according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity, including: According to the rear flow position of the wind turbine, the diameter of the wind rotor and the turbulence intensity of the background flow field, the half-width of the wind turbine wake velocity loss and the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution of the wake edge area are obtained; According to the half-width of the wind turbine wake velocity loss, the standard deviation of the Gaussian distribution of the wake edge area and the ground correction, an additional turbulence intensity distribution is obtained; Obtaining a distribution of turbulence intensity according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity; According to the distribution of turbulence intensity, a modified thrust coefficient is obtained; Obtaining a wake velocity loss according to the background flow field wind speed, the open field wind speed, the thrust coefficient and the corrected thrust coefficient; According to the additional turbulence intensity distribution, obtaining the inflow additional flow direction turbulence intensity; According to the average velocity loss, the inflow velocity loss is obtained; The wind speed in front of the hub is obtained according to the ambient incoming wind speed and the inflow speed loss; According to the wind speed in front of the hub, the current output power of the wind turbine is obtained; The total output power is obtained according to the wind speed, the output power of the current wind turbine generator set, the number of wind turbine generator sets and wind resource data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Obtaining the ground correction, comprising: According to the wake radius and wake half-width, the correction factor is obtained; The ground correction is obtained according to the correction coefficient and the correction amount.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining the wake velocity loss according to the background flow field wind speed, the open field wind speed, the thrust coefficient and the corrected thrust coefficient includes: In any iteration, the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed is obtained; Obtaining an i-th wake velocity loss according to the background flow field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, the modified thrust coefficient, and the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; According to the open field wind speed and the background flow field wind speed, a ratio of the (i+1)th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed is obtained; Obtaining a ratio change rate according to the ratio of the i-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed and the ratio of the i+1-th background convection velocity to the reference wind speed; When it is determined that the ratio change rate is less than a preset threshold, the ratio of the first background convection velocity to the reference wind speed is obtained; wherein I is the number of iterations; The wake velocity loss is obtained according to the background flow field wind speed, the open field wind speed, the thrust coefficient, the distribution of the turbulence intensity and the ratio of the first background convection velocity to the reference wind speed.

5. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of obtaining a modified thrust coefficient according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity comprises: Obtaining an adjustment coefficient according to the distribution of the turbulence intensity and the background flow field wind speed; The modified thrust coefficient is obtained according to the adjustment coefficient, the background flow field wind speed and the wind wheel diameter.

6. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that The step of obtaining the distribution of turbulence intensity according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity comprises: Obtaining a turbulence square sum according to the additional turbulence intensity distribution and the background flow field turbulence intensity; The distribution of the turbulence intensity is obtained according to the turbulence square sum.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The optimizing the initial population of wind farm units according to the total power generation to obtain the wind farm arrangement includes: In each round, the population of wind farm units in the i-th wind farm is obtained; According to the i-th wind farm unit population, obtaining the i-th variant wind farm unit population; According to the i-th variant wind farm unit population, an i+1-th wind farm unit population is obtained; When it is determined that the total power generation is the maximum value, the Nth wind farm unit layout is obtained and the optimization process is stopped; wherein N is the total rounds, and the Nth wind farm unit layout is the wind farm arrangement.

8. A device for optimizing the layout of offshore wind farms, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain the wind farm construction area, the number of wind turbines and wind resource data; An analysis module, used for obtaining background flow field wind speed and background flow field turbulence intensity according to the wind resource data; A processing module, configured to obtain an initial population of wind farm units according to the wind farm construction area and the number of wind turbine units; wherein the initial population of wind farm units includes position coordinates of a plurality of wind turbine units; The processing module is further used to obtain the total power generation according to the background flow field wind speed and the background flow field turbulence intensity; The optimization module is used to optimize the initial population of wind farm units according to the total power generation to obtain the arrangement of wind farm units.

9. An offshore wind farm layout optimization device, comprising a processor and a storage device, wherein the storage device is suitable for storing a plurality of program codes, characterized in that: The program code is suitable for being loaded and executed by the processor to perform the method of any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a plurality of program codes, characterized in that: The program code is suitable for being loaded and executed by a processor to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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