Carbon footprint accounting method and device based on block chain technology

Abstract

The invention provides a carbon footprint accounting method and device based on a block chain technology, and the method comprises the steps: collecting first carbon emission related data, and processing the first carbon emission related data according to a regional chain, and obtaining second carbon emission correlation; processing the second carbon emission related data according to the digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data; and transmitting the visual accounting data to an economy evaluation digital platform, and obtaining an evaluation result based on an accounting standard system. The method can improve the deficiency of a conventional technical economy evaluation model in the aspect of carbon emission factor evaluation, lays a foundation for the development of carbon reduction technology economy prediction towards the renewable energy industry direction, achieves the real-time detection, verification and dynamic transmission of carbon emission related data, develops a carbon footprint accounting edge calculation device through the block chain technology, and improves the efficiency of carbon emission evaluation. The credible authentication management of the carbon emission related data is realized, and the credible actuarial of the carbon emission of the renewable energy industry is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of carbon emission calculation, and particularly to a carbon footprint accounting method and device based on blockchain technology. Background Art

[0002] At present, the research on carbon emission accounting / measurement methods and technologies is still in its infancy. Most of the existing research only focuses on environmental monitoring in limited regions and environments, and there is also carbon emission accounting for some products. There is a lack of accounting / measurement technologies and devices for complex environments such as renewable energy power stations. At the same time, most rely on inherent / reference data for carbon emission accounting and estimation, lacking traceability of the data source reliability. There is a lack of combination with real-time monitoring data to complete carbon emission-related data accounting and measurement, and at the same time, it is impossible to automatically track the changes in carbon emissions in real time.

[0003] In the existing accounting / measurement technologies and devices, in the carbon emission measurement methods, there are multiple systems running in parallel, inconsistent accounting boundaries, and diverse data sources. The imperfect accounting system leads to large differences in accounting results and lack of confidence in accounting data. At the same time, it is impossible to automate accounting, measurement, and evaluation at any stage / link of carbon emission accounting, lacking a representative and unique carbon emission accounting measurement method and rules for specific enterprises, and the accounting measurement system process is too fixed and single, lacking specificity for regions / stations, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application aims to solve at least one of the technical problems in the related technologies to some extent.

[0005] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present application provides a carbon footprint accounting method based on blockchain technology, including:

[0006] Collect first carbon emission-related data, and process the first carbon emission-related data according to the regional chain to obtain second carbon emission-related data;

[0007] Process the second carbon emission-related data according to the digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data, where the digital accounting model is generated by modular development based on accounting formulas and rules;

[0008] Transmit the visual accounting data to the economic evaluation digital platform, and obtain an evaluation result based on the accounting standard system.

[0009] Optionally, the collecting of the first carbon emission-related data includes:

[0010] Obtain the initial carbon emission-related data collected by the automatic monitoring device, where the initial carbon emission-related data includes the energy consumption data, material consumption data, and operation and maintenance data of the collection object;

[0011] Process the initial carbon emission-related data through automated data accounting or manual accounting to obtain the first carbon emission-related data.

[0012] Optionally, the automatic monitoring device includes:

[0013] At least one of a thermometer, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge, a spectrometer, a chromatograph, a material analyzer, a discharge monitor, an oil gauge, and a gas gauge.

[0014] Optionally, it further includes:

[0015] If the collection object is an area / station including equipment and systems, the initial carbon emission-related data includes the fuel combustion emissions, emissions from energy used as raw materials, emissions during industrial production processes, and emissions generated from net purchased electricity and heat consumption within the entire area / station;

[0016] If the collection object is a single piece of equipment or product, the initial carbon emission-related data includes the emissions during the raw material acquisition stage, the emissions during the production and manufacturing stage, the emissions during the storage stage, the emissions generated during the transportation / sales stage, and the emissions generated during the scrapping stage of the collection object throughout its life cycle.

[0017] Optionally, the processing of the first carbon emission-related data according to the blockchain to obtain the second carbon emission-related data includes:

[0018] Create a first-layer node, and perform block storage and on-chain encryption on the source data of different types and corresponding timestamps in the first carbon emission-related data;

[0019] Create a second-layer node, and extract eigenvalue and change value of the source data, including the extraction of common eigenvalues of multiple source data and the extraction of different eigenvalues;

[0020] Create a third-layer node, and perform block storage and on-chain encryption on the carbon emission factors and the models in the blockchain for the relevant eigenvalues of different components of the object;

[0021] Create a fourth-layer node, complete the summary of sub-data in all carbon-related emission data, and perform block storage and on-chain encryption on the summarized carbon emission-related data.

[0022] Optionally, the processing of the second carbon emission-related data according to the digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data includes:

[0023] Determine the object to be collected based on the second carbon emission-related data, and automatically match the corresponding digital accounting model;

[0024] Process the second carbon emission data according to the accounting formula and rules of the matched digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data.

[0025] Optionally, the accounting formula and rules are expressed by the following formula:

[0026]

[0027] where, E 总 is the visual accounting data of the object to be collected, E n represents the carbon emission data of the nth element, M n represents the activity level of the nth element, Q n represents the carbon emission factor of the nth element, K n represents the carbon emission factor correction coefficient of the nth element.

[0028] Optionally, transmitting the visual accounting data to an economic evaluation digital platform, and obtaining an evaluation result based on the accounting standard system, including:

[0029] Calculate the deviation value according to the visual accounting data and the reference emission amount, wherein the reference emission amount is set according to the accounting standard system;

[0030] If the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the result is carbon over-standard, otherwise, the evaluation result is carbon up-to-standard.

[0031] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the second aspect of the present application proposes a carbon footprint accounting device based on blockchain technology, including:

[0032] A regional chain processing module, configured to collect first carbon emission-related data, and process the first carbon emission-related data according to the regional chain to obtain second carbon emission-related;

[0033] A standardization module, configured to process the second carbon emission-related data according to a digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data, wherein the digital accounting model is generated by modular development based on an accounting formula and rules;

[0034] An evaluation module, configured to transmit the visual accounting data to an economic evaluation digital platform, and obtain an evaluation result based on the accounting standard system.

[0035] To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the third aspect of the present application proposes an electronic device, including: a processor, and a memory communicatively connected to the processor;

[0036] The memory stores computer-executable instructions;

[0037] The processor executes the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of the above first aspects.

[0038] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application at least bring the following beneficial effects:

[0039] It can improve the lack of the conventional technical and economic evaluation model in the evaluation of carbon emission factors, lay a foundation for the expansion of the prediction of the economic efficiency of carbon reduction technologies towards the renewable energy industry, realize the real-time detection, verification and dynamic transmission of carbon emission-related data, and develop carbon footprint accounting edge computing devices using blockchain technology to realize the trusted authentication management of carbon emission-related data and the trusted actuarial calculation of carbon emissions in the renewable energy industry.

[0040] The additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be partially given in the following description, partially become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present application will become obvious and easy to understand from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the drawings, in which:

[0042] Figure 1 is a flowchart of a carbon footprint accounting method based on blockchain technology according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] Figure 2 is a flowchart of another carbon footprint accounting method based on blockchain technology according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 3 is a flowchart of another carbon footprint accounting method based on blockchain technology according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 4 is a block diagram of a carbon footprint accounting device based on blockchain technology according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] Figure 5 is a block diagram of an electronic device. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0047] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions from beginning to end. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are intended to explain the present application and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0048] The carbon footprint accounting method and device based on blockchain technology according to the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] Figure 1 is a carbon footprint accounting method based on blockchain technology shown according to the embodiments of the present application. As Figure 1 shown, the method includes the following steps:

[0050] Step 101, collect first carbon emission-related data, and process the first carbon emission-related data according to the regional chain to obtain second carbon emission-related data.

[0051] In the embodiments of the present application, the initial carbon emission-related data is collected by an automatic monitoring device, and then the initial carbon emission-related data is processed through automated data accounting or manual accounting to obtain the first carbon emission-related data.

[0052] As a possible implementation, the automatic monitoring device includes a thermometer, a flow meter, a pressure gauge, a spectrometer, a chromatograph, a material analyzer, a discharge monitor, an oil gauge, a gas meter, etc., or a calculation and measurement device capable of automatically collecting parameters. The present application does not make specific limitations here.

[0053] It can be understood that the energy consumption data is related consumption data such as electric energy and heat energy, the material consumption data is raw materials, water, steam / gas, diesel / gasoline, etc., and the operation and maintenance data is the consumption situation during processes such as temperature, pressure, flow, maintenance, and replacement.

[0054] And it can be understood that according to the different collection objects, the initial carbon emission-related data is also different.

[0055] (1) For regions / stations containing multiple devices and systems, such as industrial parks, manufacturing enterprises, etc., the initial carbon emission-related data includes fuel combustion emissions, emissions from energy used as raw materials, industrial production process emissions, and emissions generated from net purchased electricity and heat consumption.

[0056] Among them, the emissions from fuel combustion include carbon emission data generated when fuels such as coal, gas, and diesel are burned in related devices; the emissions from energy used as raw materials include carbon emission data when energy products such as coke, blue coke, anthracite, and natural gas are used as reducing agents; the industrial production process emissions include equipment production, maintenance, replacement, and corresponding emissions of tail gas / sewage, etc.; the emissions generated from net purchased electricity and heat consumption include carbon emission data generated by purchasing electricity and heat (steam, hot water, etc.).

[0057] In a possible embodiment, for aluminum electrolysis enterprises, the emissions from burning fuels are the carbon dioxide emissions from burning coal and gas; the emissions from using energy as raw materials are the carbon emissions such as carbon dioxide caused by the consumption of carbon anodes; the carbon emissions in the industrial production process are the perfluorocarbon emissions caused by the anode effect of electrolytic cells and the carbon dioxide emissions caused by calcining limestone; the emissions generated from the net purchase of electricity and heat consumption are the carbon dioxide emissions corresponding to electricity consumption and heat consumption.

[0058] The carbon emission calculation formula for aluminum electrolysis enterprises is:

[0059] E = E1 + E2 + E3 + E4

[0060] In the formula:

[0061] E is the total carbon emissions of the enterprise, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0062] E1 is the emissions from fuel combustion, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2);

[0063] E2 is the emissions from using energy as raw materials, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2);

[0064] E3 is the emissions in the industrial production process, in tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0065] E4 is the emissions generated from the net purchase of electricity and heat consumption, in tons of carbon dioxide (tCO2).

[0066] (2) For a single piece of equipment or product, it is necessary to obtain the emissions over the entire life cycle. The initial carbon emission-related data includes the emissions generated in the raw material acquisition stage, the processing and manufacturing stage, the storage stage, the transportation / sales stage, the use stage, and the scrapping stage.

[0067] Among them, the emissions generated in the raw material acquisition stage include the carbon dioxide emission data generated from the mining, transportation, and purification of various ore raw materials; the emissions generated in the processing and manufacturing stage include the emission data generated in processes such as smelting and forming; the emissions generated in the storage stage include the emission data generated from using storage media; the emissions generated in the transportation / sales stage include the emission data generated from the diesel / gasoline, electricity, etc. consumed in transportation; the emissions generated in the use stage include the emission data generated from inspections, repairs, and replacements; the emissions generated in the scrapping stage include the emission data generated from disassembly and recycling.

[0068] It can be understood that for specific equipment and products, there may be overlapping content among these stages.

[0069] In a possible embodiment, for stainless steel pipes, the emissions in the raw material acquisition stage are the carbon dioxide generated from the development, screening, purification of iron ore; the emissions in the production and manufacturing stage include the carbon dioxide generated by the direct production system (sintering plant, coking plant, blast furnace, oxygen furnace, steelmaking plant, continuous casting plant, hot strip mill and casting and rolling mill), the auxiliary production system (power, power supply, water supply, machine repair), and the affiliated production system (production command system and departments and units within the factory area serving production); the emissions in the storage stage include the emissions generated by various supporting conditions required for raw material storage, processed part storage, and product storage; the carbon emissions generated in the transportation / sales stage include the emissions such as electricity and combustion generated by raw material transportation, factory transportation to the station yard, and product recycling, disassembly and transportation back to the steel mill / recycling enterprise; the emissions in the use stage include the carbon dioxide generated during the installation process of steel materials for the pipeline by means of welding, riveting, etc., the anti-corrosion engineering operations such as applying coating layers such as organic coatings, metal coatings, thermal spraying coatings, etc., the inspection and maintenance of anti-corrosion steel pipelines, and the maintenance of various anti-corrosion projects; the emissions in the scrapping stage include the carbon dioxide emissions generated by the disassembly of steel materials and the recycling of scrap steel for smelting after failure or reaching the service life, and the steel recycling stage should be a process of negative carbon emissions.

[0070] The carbon emission calculation formula for stainless steel pipes is

[0071] F = F1 + F2 + F3 + F4 + F5

[0072] In the formula:

[0073] F is the total carbon emissions of stainless steel pipes, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0074] F1 is the emissions in the raw material acquisition stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0075] F2 is the emissions in the production and manufacturing stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0076] F3 is the emissions in the storage stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0077] F4 is the emissions generated in the transportation / sales stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0078] F5 is the emissions generated in the scrapping stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e).

[0079] As a possible implementation, through means of automated data collection, such as the introduction of technologies like material analysis, relevant carbon emission data at specific stages of the above-mentioned full life cycle can be directly obtained, thereby quickly completing the calculation of carbon emission data.

[0080] In addition, as Figure 2 shown, the process of processing the first carbon emission-related data according to the blockchain includes the following steps:

[0081] Step 201, create the first-layer nodes, and perform block storage and on-chain encryption on the source data of different types and corresponding timestamps in the carbon emission-related data.

[0082] In the embodiment of the present application, for source data of different types and corresponding timestamp data, block storage and on-chain encryption are performed to form hash values.

[0083] Step 202, create the second-layer nodes, and extract eigenvalue and change value of the source data, including extraction of common eigenvalues of multiple source data and extraction of heterogeneous eigenvalues.

[0084] In the embodiment of the present application, key eigenvalues in the source data are extracted, such as CO2 concentration, elemental composition, and mass volume, etc. Then, according to information such as the hash value of the previous block, the hash value of this block, and the extraction operation record, etc., block storage and encryption are completed.

[0085] Step 203, create the third-layer nodes, and perform block storage and on-chain encryption on the carbon emission factors and the models in the blockchain for the relevant eigenvalues of different components of the object.

[0086] In the embodiment of the present application, data information such as carbon emission factors and models built into the blockchain are encrypted and uploaded to the chain. In addition, the models in the blockchain refer to modular accounting formulas and rules.

[0087] Step 204, create the fourth-layer nodes, complete the summary of sub-data in all carbon-related emission data, and perform block storage and on-chain encryption on the summarized carbon emission-related data.

[0088] In the embodiment of the present application, by extracting relevant data of the second-layer nodes and the third-layer nodes, the accounting / measurement of carbon emission-related data is completed through the calculation algorithm in the blockchain, and information such as the accounting / measurement data, timestamp, and operation record are block stored and encrypted and uploaded to the chain.

[0089] Optionally, the encryption method is symmetric and asymmetric encryption.

[0090] To more specifically reflect the blockchain processing process in the field of carbon footprint accounting, the following refers to Figure 3 , and specific description is carried out.

[0091] AsFigure 3 As shown, the first - layer nodes, being leaf nodes, include various source data, namely source data 1 - 5.

[0092] The second - layer nodes, being parent nodes, extract features from the source data, namely feature values 12, 34, 55.

[0093] The third - layer nodes, being parent nodes, combine different but related feature values to obtain carbon - emission - related data 1234 and 5555.

[0094] The fourth - layer nodes, being root nodes, complete the aggregation of all carbon - emission sub - data to obtain carbon - emission - related data of a specific object.

[0095] Step 102: Process the second carbon - emission - related data according to the digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data, where the digital accounting model is developed modularly based on accounting formulas and rules.

[0096] In the embodiments of the present application, according to the relevant feature that the carbon - emission - related data is different according to different collection objects described in step 101, determine the collected object according to the second carbon - emission - related data and automatically match the corresponding digital accounting model.

[0097] It can be understood that, similar to the limitation in step 101, the collected object includes but is not limited to equipment products, systems, stations, parks, buildings, etc.

[0098] The digital accounting model includes the input of data and parameters necessary for carbon - emission accounting, carbon - emission accounting measurement formulas and rules, as well as carbon - emission factors and correction coefficients, and can automatically identify and fill in relevant data and parameter information based on the collection results of carbon - emission - related data, so as to obtain the accounting result through the accounting measurement formulas and rules.

[0099] The accounting formulas and rules are expressed by the following formula:

[0100]

[0101] Where, E 总 is the visual accounting data of the collected object, E n represents the carbon - emission data of the nth element, M n represents the activity level of the nth element, Q n represents the carbon - emission factor of the nth element, K n represents the carbon - emission factor correction coefficient of the nth element.

[0102] As a possible implementation, the above formula is stored in the all-in-one machine as a modeled digital formula and can be updated accordingly according to specific objects, supporting the manual addition / revision of the models and rules of digital formulas to ensure the representativeness of carbon emission data collection and accounting for different stations / systems.

[0103] Step 103: Transmit the visualized accounting data to the economic evaluation digital platform to obtain the evaluation result based on the accounting standard system.

[0104] In the embodiment of this application, the visualized accounting data is transmitted to the digital software / platform for display, and at the same time, it is compared and analyzed with industry standards / reference data to judge the enterprise's emission reduction compliance, and at the same time, the carbon value evaluation of assets and the carbon quota assessment are completed.

[0105] Specifically, the deviation value is calculated based on the visualized accounting data and the reference emission amount. Among them, the reference emission amount is set according to the accounting standard system, and the accounting standard system includes the accounting standards for domestic and foreign key industries.

[0106] The calculation formula for its deviation value is

[0107]

[0108] Among them, M is the carbon emission deviation value;

[0109] E 总 is the visualized accounting data of an enterprise / station at any stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e);

[0110] E0 is the reference or specified emission amount of an enterprise / station at any stage, with the unit of ton of carbon dioxide equivalent (tCO2e).

[0111] It can be understood that E0 can be obtained by the following formula

[0112]

[0113] Among them, Q0 is the carbon quota of the enterprise / station in a specific cycle, set according to the accounting standard, with the unit of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e);

[0114] T is the total cumulative emission tons of the enterprise / station, with the unit of ton (t).

[0115] As a possible implementation, if the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the evaluation result is carbon over-standard; otherwise, the evaluation result is carbon up-to-standard.

[0116] By setting a threshold range, it is possible to achieve the monitoring of changes in carbon emission data and early warning situations at any time and at any stage, assisting enterprises to achieve carbon emission compliance through various technical means and reducing the increase in production and operation costs caused by the increase in carbon emissions.

[0117] The embodiments of this application can improve the lack of the conventional technical and economic evaluation model in the evaluation of carbon emission factors, lay a foundation for the expansion of the prediction of the technical economy of carbon reduction technologies towards the renewable energy industry, realize the real-time detection, verification, and dynamic transmission of carbon emission-related data, and develop carbon footprint accounting edge computing devices using blockchain technology to achieve the trusted certification management of carbon emission-related data and the trusted actuarial calculation of carbon emissions in the renewable energy industry.

[0118] Figure 4 It is a block diagram of a carbon footprint accounting device 10 based on blockchain technology shown in the embodiments of this application, including:

[0119] The blockchain processing module 100 is used to collect the first carbon emission-related data and process the first carbon emission-related data according to the blockchain to obtain the second carbon emission-related data;

[0120] The standardization module 200 is used to process the second carbon emission-related data according to the digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data, where the digital accounting model is generated by modular development based on accounting formulas and rules;

[0121] The evaluation module 300 is used to transmit the visual accounting data to the digital economic evaluation platform and obtain an evaluation result based on the accounting standard system.

[0122] Regarding the device in the above embodiments, the specific manners in which each module performs operations have been described in detail in the embodiments related to the method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0123] Figure 5 It shows a schematic block diagram of an example electronic device 700 that can be used to implement the embodiments of this application. The electronic device is intended to represent various forms of digital computers, such as laptop computers, desktop computers, workstations, personal digital assistants, servers, blade servers, mainframe computers, and other suitable computers. The electronic device can also represent various forms of mobile devices, such as personal digital processors, cellular phones, smart phones, wearable devices, and other similar computing devices. The components shown herein, their connections and relationships, and their functions are merely examples and are not intended to limit the implementation of this application described and / or claimed herein.

[0124] As Figure 5As shown, device 700 includes a computing unit 701, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes according to a computer program stored in a read-only memory (ROM) 702 or a computer program loaded from a storage unit 708 into a random access memory (RAM) 703. In the RAM 703, various programs and data required for the operation of the device 700 can also be stored. The computing unit 701, the ROM 702, and the RAM 703 are connected to each other via a bus 704. An input / output (I / O) interface 705 is also connected to the bus 704.

[0125] Multiple components in the device 700 are connected to the I / O interface 705, including: an input unit 706, such as a keyboard, a mouse, etc.; an output unit 707, such as various types of displays, speakers, etc.; a storage unit 708, such as a magnetic disk, an optical disc, etc.; and a communication unit 709, such as a network card, a modem, a wireless communication transceiver, etc. The communication unit 709 allows the device 700 to exchange information / data with other devices via a computer network such as the Internet and / or various telecommunication networks.

[0126] The computing unit 701 can be various general-purpose and / or special-purpose processing components with processing and computing capabilities. Some examples of the computing unit 701 include, but are not limited to, a central processing unit (CPU), a graphics processing unit (GPU), various dedicated artificial intelligence (AI) computing chips, various computing units running machine learning model algorithms, a digital signal processor (DSP), and any appropriate processor, controller, microcontroller, etc. The computing unit 701 executes the various methods and processes described above, such as the voice instruction response method. For example, in some embodiments, the voice instruction response method can be implemented as a computer software program, which is tangibly contained in a machine-readable medium, such as the storage unit 708. In some embodiments, part or all of the computer program can be loaded and / or installed onto the device 700 via the ROM 702 and / or the communication unit 709. When the computer program is loaded into the RAM 703 and executed by the computing unit 701, one or more steps of the voice instruction response method described above can be executed. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the computing unit 701 can be configured to execute the voice instruction response method in any other appropriate way (e.g., by means of firmware).

[0127] The various embodiments of the systems and techniques described above in this specification can be implemented in digital electronic circuitry, integrated circuit systems, field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), application specific standard products (ASSPs), systems on a chip (SOCs), complex programmable logic devices (CPLDs), computer hardware, firmware, software, and / or combinations thereof. These various embodiments can include: being implemented in one or more computer programs that are executable and / or interpretable on a programmable system including at least one programmable processor, which may be a special-purpose or general-purpose programmable processor that receives data and instructions from, and transmits data and instructions to, a storage system, at least one input device, and at least one output device.

[0128] The program code for implementing the methods of this application can be written in any combination of one or more programming languages. These program codes can be provided to a processor or controller of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, or other programmable data processing device, such that the program codes, when executed by the processor or controller, cause the functions / operations specified in the flowchart and / or block diagram to be implemented. The program code can be executed entirely on the machine, partly on the machine, as a stand-alone software package partly on the machine and partly on a remote machine, or entirely on the remote machine or server.

[0129] In the context of this application, a machine-readable medium can be a tangible medium that can contain or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. A machine-readable medium can be a machine-readable signal medium or a machine-readable storage medium. A machine-readable medium can include, but is not limited to, electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor systems, apparatus, or devices, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of a machine-readable storage medium would include an electrical connection based on one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or Flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing.

[0130] To provide interaction with a user, the systems and techniques described herein can be implemented on a computer having: a display device for displaying information to the user (e.g., a CRT (cathode ray tube) or LCD (liquid crystal display) monitor); and a keyboard and a pointing device (e.g., a mouse or a trackball) through which the user can provide input to the computer. Other kinds of devices can also be used to provide interaction with the user; for example, the feedback provided to the user can be any form of sensory feedback (e.g., visual feedback, auditory feedback, or tactile feedback); and input from the user can be received in any form (including acoustic input, speech input, or tactile input).

[0131] The systems and techniques described herein can be implemented in a computing system including backend components (e.g., as a data server), or a computing system including middleware components (e.g., an application server), or a computing system including frontend components (e.g., a user computer having a graphical user interface or a web browser through which the user can interact with an implementation of the systems and techniques described herein), or a computing system including any combination of such backend components, middleware components, or frontend components. The components of the system can be interconnected to each other by digital data communication in any form or medium (e.g., a communication network). Examples of communication networks include: local area network (LAN), wide area network (WAN), the Internet, and blockchain networks.

[0132] A computer system can include a client and a server. The client and the server are generally far from each other and usually interact through a communication network. The relationship between the client and the server is generated by computer programs running on the respective computers and having a client-server relationship with each other. The server can be a cloud server, also known as a cloud computing server or a cloud host, which is a host product in the cloud computing service system, and solves the defects of difficult management and weak business scalability existing in traditional physical hosts and VPS services ("Virtual Private Server", or simply "VPS"). The server can also be a server of a distributed system, or a server combined with blockchain.

[0133] It should be understood that various forms of the processes shown above can be used, with steps reordered, added, or deleted. For example, the steps recited in this application can be executed in parallel, sequentially, or in a different order, as long as the desired results of the technical solution of this application can be achieved, and no limitation is made herein.

[0134] The above specific embodiments do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that various modifications, combinations, sub - combinations and substitutions can be made according to design requirements and other factors. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A carbon footprint accounting method based on blockchain technology, characterized in that, Including: Collecting first carbon emission related data, processing the first carbon emission related data according to a blockchain to obtain second carbon emission related data; Processing the second carbon emission related data according to a digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data, wherein the digital accounting model is developed modularly based on accounting formulas and rules; Transmitting the visual accounting data to an economic evaluation digital platform and obtaining an evaluation result based on an accounting standard system.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The collecting of the first carbon emission related data includes: Obtaining initial carbon emission related data collected by an automatic monitoring device, wherein the initial carbon emission related data includes energy consumption data, material consumption data, and operation and maintenance data of a collection object; Processing the initial carbon emission related data through automated data accounting or manual accounting to obtain the first carbon emission related data.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, The automatic monitoring device includes: At least one of a thermometer, a flowmeter, a pressure gauge, a spectrometer, a chromatograph, a material analyzer, a discharge monitor, an oil gauge, and a gas gauge.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes: If the collection object is a region / station including equipment and systems, the initial carbon emission related data includes fuel combustion emissions, emissions from energy used as raw materials, emissions during industrial production processes, and emissions generated from net purchased electricity and heat consumption within the entire region / station; If the collection object is a single piece of equipment or product, the initial carbon emission related data includes emissions during the raw material acquisition stage, emissions during the production and manufacturing stage, emissions during the storage stage, emissions generated during the transportation / sales stage, and emissions generated during the scrapping stage of the collection object over its entire life cycle.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The processing of the first carbon emission related data according to a blockchain to obtain second carbon emission related data includes: Creating a first layer of nodes, storing the source data of different types and corresponding timestamps in the first carbon emission related data in chunks and encrypting them on the chain; Creating a second layer of nodes, extracting eigenvalue and change value of the source data, including extraction of common eigenvalues of multiple source data and extraction of different eigenvalues; Creating a third layer of nodes, storing the carbon emission factors and models in the blockchain in chunks and encrypting them on the chain for the relevant eigenvalues of different components of the object; Creating a fourth layer of nodes, completing the aggregation of sub-data in all carbon related emission data, and storing the aggregated carbon emission related data in chunks and encrypting them on the chain.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The processing of the second carbon emission related data according to a digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data includes: Determining the collected object according to the second carbon emission related data and automatically matching the corresponding digital accounting model; Processing the second carbon emission data according to the accounting formula and rules of the matched digital accounting model to generate visual accounting data.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that, The accounting formula and rules are expressed by the following formula: Among them, E 总 is the visualized accounting data of the object to be collected, and E n represents the carbon emission data of the nth element, M n represents the activity level of the nth element, Q n represents the carbon emission factor of the nth element, K n represents the correction coefficient of the carbon emission factor of the nth element.

8. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transmitting of the visual accounting data to an economic evaluation digital platform and obtaining an evaluation result based on an accounting standard system includes: Calculate the deviation value based on the visualized accounting data and the reference emission amount, where the reference emission amount is set according to the accounting standard system; If the deviation value is greater than the preset threshold, the evaluation result is carbon over-standard; otherwise, the evaluation result is carbon up-to-standard.

9. A carbon footprint accounting device based on blockchain technology, characterized in that, It includes: A blockchain processing module, configured to collect first carbon emission-related data and process the first carbon emission-related data according to the blockchain to obtain second carbon emission-related data; A standardization module, configured to process the second carbon emission-related data according to the digital accounting model to generate visualized accounting data, where the digital accounting model is generated by modular development based on accounting formulas and rules; An evaluation module, configured to transmit the visualized accounting data to the economic evaluation digital platform and obtain an evaluation result based on the accounting standard system.

10. An electronic device, characterized in that,It includes: A processor and a memory communicatively connected to the processor; The memory stores computer execution instructions; The processor executes the computer execution instructions stored in the memory to implement the method according to any one of claims 1-8.

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