Membrane laying device for severe saline-alkali soil improvement and severe saline-alkali soil improvement method

Abstract

The invention discloses a severe saline-alkali soil improvement film laying device and a severe saline-alkali soil improvement method, and relates to the technical field of soil improvement. The severe saline-alkali soil improvement film laying device comprises a soil dividing assembly, the soil dividing assembly comprises an upper rotation belt and a lower rotation belt, the upper rotation belt and the lower rotation belt are arranged in a transverse V shape, the rotation direction of the upper rotation belt is opposite to that of the lower rotation belt, and rake teeth are fixedly arranged on the upper rotation belt and the lower rotation belt; a first rotating shaft and a first supporting shaft are installed at the two ends of the upper rotating belt respectively, and a second rotating shaft and a second supporting shaft are installed at the two ends of the lower rotating belt respectively. By arranging the soil dividing assembly composed of the upper rotation belt and the lower rotation belt which are opposite in rotation direction and fixedly provided with the rake teeth on the upper rotation belt and the lower rotation belt, when the device advances in soil in a field, the soil dividing assembly rakes the front soil to the upper side and the lower side, and therefore the advancing resistance of the device in the soil is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil improvement, and in particular to a film-laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land. Background Technique

[0002] At present, there are various methods for treating saline-alkali land. However, for severely saline-alkali land, the traditional treatment methods have poor effects, and the treated soil is prone to salt return, making it difficult for severely saline-alkali land to achieve a real improvement effect. To solve this problem, the existing method is to lay a film in the underground soil to separate the soil to be improved from the underground soil and avoid salt return.

[0003] The existing film-laying methods are generally divided into two types. One is to dig up the soil to be improved, and after the film is laid, the soil is backfilled. The other is to insert the device deep into the soil and pull the device forward by an engineering vehicle to directly lay the film underground. For example, a sand paddy field underground film-laying machine proposed in the patent with the publication number CN109287350B uses a frame that can be towed by a tractor, installs a rectangular plate-shaped shovel, and the shovel has an inclination angle adjustment mechanism and a throwing roller, combined with a screw conveyor and a special-shaped plastic film roll to complete the whole process of ditch opening, film lining, and backfilling at one time.

[0004] However, the above methods still have some problems when laying films on severely saline-alkali land. For severely saline-alkali land, the depth of film laying needs to be increased. For the first method, the amount of soil to be dug increases greatly, which is time-consuming and laborious. For the second method, when the device moves forward in the deep soil, it will encounter great resistance, resulting in difficult film laying. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a film-laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land and a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, which solve the problems raised in the background technique.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions: A film-laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land, comprising: a soil separating component, the soil separating component includes an upper rotary belt and a lower rotary belt, the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt are arranged in a horizontal V shape, and the rotation direction of the upper rotary belt is opposite to that of the lower rotary belt. Rake teeth are fixedly provided on both the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt; both ends of the upper rotary belt are respectively installed with a first rotary shaft and a first support shaft, and both ends of the lower rotary belt are respectively installed with a second rotary shaft and a second support shaft; an inner frame component, the inner frame component is arranged on the side of the soil separating component, and the inner frame component includes: an upper plate, the upper plate is located at the upper end of the inner frame component, and the first support shaft is rotatably installed at one end of the upper plate; a lower plate, the lower plate is located at the lower end of the inner frame component, and the second support shaft is rotatably installed at one end of the lower plate; a support column, the support column is vertically fixedly provided on the lower plate, and the upper plate is slidably installed on the support column in the vertical direction; a lifting plate, the lifting plate is arranged between the upper plate and the lower plate, and the lifting plate is slidably installed on the support column in the vertical direction. The first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft are slidably installed at one end of the lifting plate in the horizontal direction; a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism is installed on the inner frame component, and the lifting mechanism can drive the upper plate and the lifting plate to rise or fall simultaneously in the vertical direction.

[0007] Further, a sliding plate is slidably installed at one end of the lifting plate close to the soil separating component. The first rotary shaft and the second rotary shaft pass through the lifting plate and are rotatably installed on the sliding plate; a driving component is further included, and the driving component is installed on the lifting plate. The driving component includes: a driving shaft, the driving shaft is rotatably installed on the lifting plate; a positioning shaft, the positioning shaft is rotatably installed on the sliding plate; the driving shaft drives the first rotary shaft and the positioning shaft to rotate through a first driving belt; a second gear is fixedly provided on the positioning shaft, and a first gear is fixedly provided at one end of the second rotary shaft. The second gear meshes with the first gear; a pulling shaft, the pulling shaft is slidably installed on the lifting plate in the horizontal direction, and the pulling shaft is used to pull the part of the first driving belt between the first rotary shaft and the positioning shaft towards the driving shaft.

[0008] Further, a third threaded rod is rotatably provided on the lifting plate, the axis of the third threaded rod is parallel to the length direction of the lifting plate, and the third threaded rod is threadedly connected to one end of the sliding plate, so that when the third threaded rod rotates, it drives the sliding plate to move; a second threaded rod is rotatably provided on the lifting plate, the axis of the second threaded rod is parallel to the third threaded rod, and the second threaded rod is threadedly connected to one end of the pulling shaft, so that when the second threaded rod rotates, it drives the pulling shaft to move.

[0009] Further, leakage holes are formed in both the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt; a bidirectional spiral blade is provided between the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt. The bidirectional spiral blade is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate, and the bidirectional spiral blade is connected to the drive shaft through a second drive belt.

[0010] Further, the lifting mechanism includes a scissor assembly. One end of the scissor assembly is hinged to the lower plate, and the other end of the scissor assembly is hinged to the upper plate. The central hinge point of the scissor assembly is mounted on the lifting plate; the lifting mechanism further includes: a lifting rod, one end of the lifting rod is hinged to the lifting plate; a connecting block, the connecting block is slidably mounted on the lower plate, and the other end of the lifting rod is hinged to the connecting block; a first threaded rod, the first threaded rod is rotatably mounted on the lower plate, and the first threaded rod is threadedly connected to the connecting block. When the first threaded rod rotates, it can drive the connecting block to move horizontally.

[0011] Further, an installation plate is provided on the side of the support column away from the lifting plate, and the installation plate is fixed on the lifting plate; a film roll is provided between the upper plate and the lower plate, and the film roll is mounted on the installation plate through a support shaft.

[0012] Further, a film pressing roller is rotatably provided on the lower plate, and the film pressing roller guides the plastic film extending from the film roll; an elastic component is provided on the lower plate, and the elastic component presses down on the film pressing roller; a nail tooth is fixed to the end of the plastic film extending from the film roll, and the length of the nail tooth protruding from the plastic film is not greater than the thickness of the plastic film.

[0013] Further, isolation components are provided at both ends of the inner frame assembly. There is a certain distance between the isolation component at the end far from the soil separating component and the lower plate to allow the plastic film to pass through; the isolation component includes an upper shielding plate and a lower shielding plate. The upper shielding plate and the lower shielding plate are respectively fixed on the upper plate and the lower plate, and the upper shielding plate and the lower shielding plate have an overlapping area in the vertical direction.

[0014] Further, an outer frame assembly is further included. The outer frame assembly is mounted on the inner frame assembly. The outer frame assembly includes: an inclined tie rod, the inclined tie rod is fixed to one end of the inner frame assembly far from the soil separating component, and the inclined tie rod is inclined towards the side close to the soil separating component; a support wheel, the support wheel is provided at the end of the soil separating component far from the inner frame assembly, the support wheel is connected to the inclined tie rod through a front fork rod, and the front fork rod is inclined towards the side away from the support wheel; a pressing rod, one end of the pressing rod is fixed to the front fork rod, and the other end of the pressing rod is fixed to one end of the inner frame assembly close to the soil separating component.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, which is applicable to a plastic film laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land, and includes the following steps: Step 1: Conduct soil surveys and engineering surveys on the plot to be transformed, obtain physical and chemical indexes such as soil permeability, bulk density, groundwater level, and soil salt content, and determine the thickness and burial depth of the plastic film according to the survey and test results. Step 2: Level the plot in the area to be transformed, dig an irrigation canal at one end of the plot, dig a drainage ditch at the other end, and use a ditch digging machine to dig shallow ditches at equal intervals along the direction perpendicular to the drainage ditch. Step 3: Adjust the distance between the upper plate and the lower plate according to the burial depth of the plastic film to adjust the angle of the soil dividing component, and lay a horizontal film through the saline-alkali land improvement film laying device. Step 4: Collect the soil in the shallow ditches and backfill it to the surface of the plot, and then lay a lap film on the upper surface of the horizontal film in the shallow ditches. Step 5: Lay vertical films around the plot in the area to be transformed to form a closed area for the plot in the area to be transformed. Step 6: Place drainage materials in the shallow ditches, with both ends of the drainage materials extending into the irrigation canal and the drainage ditch respectively. Step 7: Irrigate and leach the plot in the transformed area, and drain the water through the drainage ditch.

[0016] The present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) For the saline-alkali land improvement film laying device, by setting a soil dividing component composed of an upper rotary belt and a lower rotary belt with opposite rotation directions, and fixing rake teeth on the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt, when the device advances in the soil of the field, the soil dividing component rakes the soil in front upward and downward, thereby reducing the resistance of the device when advancing in the soil. And leakage holes are provided on both the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt. When the soil dividing component rotates, part of the soil can enter the angle formed by the upper rotary belt and the lower rotary belt through the leakage holes, and the internal bidirectional spiral blades discharge the soil from both sides of the soil dividing component into the shallow ditches to further reduce the resistance when loading and advancing.

[0017] (2) For the saline-alkali land improvement film laying device, by setting a soil dividing component, an inner frame component and a lifting mechanism, the distance between the bottom plate and the upper plate, and the angle of the soil dividing component can be adjusted through the lifting mechanism. When laying a film on shallow soil, by increasing the angle of the soil dividing component, the contact area between the soil dividing component and the soil in the vertical direction can be increased, thereby increasing the tillage depth of the device when laying a film on shallow soil. When laying a film on deep soil, the angle of the soil dividing component can be reduced to facilitate the soil dividing component to pass through the soil at a smaller angle and reduce the resistance of the device when passing through the soil.

[0018] Of course, it is not necessary for any product implementing the present invention to achieve all the above advantages simultaneously. Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the device of the present invention; Figure 2 Side view of the overall device of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the inner frame assembly and the soil dividing assembly of the present invention; Figure 4 Side view of the cooperation between the inner frame assembly and the soil dividing assembly of the present invention; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged schematic diagram of area B in the present invention; Figure 6 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged schematic diagram of area A in the present invention; Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the driving assembly and the lifting plate of the present invention; Figure 8 Partial structure schematic diagram of the lifting plate of the present invention; Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the driving shaft and the double - helix blade and the inner frame assembly of the present invention; Figure 10 For the present invention Figure 9 Enlarged schematic diagram of area C in the present invention; Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the lifting mechanism and the inner frame assembly of the present invention; Figure 12 Exploded schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 13 Rear view of the cooperation between the inner frame assembly and the film roll and the lifting assembly of the present invention; Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the cooperation relationship between the film roll isolation assembly and the inner frame assembly of the present invention; Figure 15 In which (a) is the film roll loading schematic diagram when the distance between the lower plate and the upper plate is small, Figure 15 In which (b) is the film roll loading schematic diagram when the distance between the lower plate and the upper plate is large; Figure 16 For the present invention Figure 13 Enlarged schematic diagram of area D in the present invention; Figure 17 Schematic diagram of the cooperation between the multi - layer plastic film and the film pressing roller of the present invention; Figure 18 For the present invention Figure 14 Enlarged schematic diagram of area E in the present invention; Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the positional relationship of the irrigation canal, drainage ditch and shallow ditch in the field of the present invention; Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the laying positions of the horizontal film and the overlapping film of the present invention; Figure 21This is a schematic diagram of the laying positions of the horizontal film and the vertical film of the present invention.

[0020] In the figure, 1 is a support wheel; 2 is an inclined tie rod; 3 is a front fork rod; 4 is a pressing rod; 5 is a traction rod; 6 is a cross frame; 7 is an inclined frame; 8 is an upper plate; 9 is a lower plate; 10 is a lifting plate; 101 is a first chute; 102 is a second chute; 103 is a third chute; 11 is a support column; 111 is a first vertical groove; 112 is a second vertical groove; 12 is an upper rotary belt; 13 is a lower rotary belt; 14 is a harrow tooth; 15 is a leakage hole; 16 is a first rotating shaft; 17 is a second rotating shaft; 171 is a first gear; 18 is a first support shaft; 181 is a second support shaft; 19 is a double - helix blade; 20 is a drive shaft; 21 is a first drive belt; 22 is a positioning shaft; 221 is a second gear; 23 is a pulling - back shaft; 231 is a first guide rod; 232 is a first spring; 24 is a lifting rod; 25 is a first threaded rod; 27 is a connecting block; 28 is a scissor assembly; 281 is a scissor rod; 282 is a compensating rod; 29 is a sliding plate; 30 is a second threaded rod; 31 is a third threaded rod; 32 is a film roll; 321 is a plastic film; 33 is a horizontal shaft; 34 is a film - pressing roller; 35 is a second spring; 36 is a second guide rod; 37 is a spike tooth; 38 is an upper cover plate; 381 is an insertion strip; 39 is a lower cover plate; 391 is a third vertical groove; 40 is a mounting plate; 41 is a second drive belt; 42 is a C - shaped plate; 43 is a horizontal film; 44 is an overlapping film; 45 is a vertical film; 46 is an irrigation canal; 47 is a drainage ditch; 48 is a shallow ditch. Detailed implementation manners

[0021] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0022] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "opening", "upper", "lower", "thickness", "top", "middle", "length", "inner", "periphery", etc. indicating the orientation or position relationship are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the components or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus cannot be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0023] Next, refer to Figure 1 - Figure 21 , to describe a film - laying device for improving severely saline - alkaline land and a method for improving severely saline - alkaline land provided by the embodiments of the present invention.

[0024] On the one hand, the present invention provides a film - laying device for improving severely saline - alkaline land.

[0025] Please refer to Figures 1 - 5 Figures 1 - 5 , the heavy saline-alkali land improvement film-laying device includes a soil dividing component. The soil dividing component includes an upper rotary belt 12 and a lower rotary belt 13. The upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 are arranged in a horizontal V shape. It can be understood that the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 are symmetrically arranged along the horizontal plane, and the direction of the device's advancement is the pointed end of the V shape. The rotation direction of the upper rotary belt 12 is opposite to that of the lower rotary belt 13. Rake teeth 14 are fixedly installed on both the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13. Thus, when the device advances in the soil of the field, the soil dividing component rakes the soil in front upward and downward, thereby reducing the resistance of the device advancing in the soil. The outer contour areas passed by the rake teeth 14 on the upper rotary belt 12 and the rake teeth 14 on the lower rotary belt 13 have overlapping parts, thus avoiding dead corners at the front end of the soil dividing component. To avoid the situation of the rake teeth 14 hitting each other during rotation, the rake teeth 14 on the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 are the same. During rotation, the rake teeth 14 on the upper rotary belt 12 can insert into the positions between two rake teeth 14 on the lower rotary belt 13.

[0026] Moreover, a first rotating shaft 16 and a first support shaft 18 are respectively installed at both ends of the upper rotary belt 12, and a second rotating shaft 17 and a second support shaft 181 are respectively installed at both ends of the lower rotary belt 13. Specifically, refer to Figure 5 Figure 5 , the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 are located at the adjacent ends of the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13, and their axes are on the same straight line in the vertical direction. The first support shaft 18 and the second support shaft 181 are located at the remote ends of the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13, and their axes are on the same straight line in the vertical direction.

[0027] In addition, it also includes an inner frame component. The inner frame component is arranged on the side of the soil dividing component. The inner frame component includes an upper plate 8. The upper plate 8 is located at the upper end of the inner frame component. The first support shaft 18 is rotatably installed at one end of the upper plate 8. A lower plate 9 is provided at the lower end of the inner frame component. The lower plate 9 is the lowest point of the device. The second support shaft 181 is rotatably installed at one end of the lower plate 9.

[0028] Moreover, a support column 11 is also fixedly installed on the lower plate 9. At least one support column 11 is provided on each side of the soil dividing component. The upper plate 8 is slidably installed on the support column 11 in the vertical direction. Specifically, a first vertical groove 111 is opened on the upper side of the support column 11. The side wall of the upper plate 8 can cooperate with the first vertical groove 111 by fixedly installing a sliding rod or a slider. Multiple support columns 11 can be provided to stably support the upper plate 8.

[0029] Moreover, a lifting plate 10 is provided between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9. There are two groups of lifting plates 10, which are respectively located on both sides of the soil dividing assembly. The lifting plate 10 is slidably mounted on the support column 11 in the vertical direction. Specifically, a second vertical groove 112 is opened on the lower side of the support column 11. The side wall of the lifting plate 10 can also be provided with a sliding rod or a slider to cooperate with the first vertical groove 111. The first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 are slidably mounted on one end of the lifting plate 10 in the horizontal direction.

[0030] Furthermore, a lifting mechanism is also installed on the inner frame assembly. The lifting mechanism can drive the upper plate 8 and the lifting plate 10 to rise or fall simultaneously in the vertical direction. Since the upper rotary belt 12 is connected to the upper plate 8 through the first support shaft 18, and the lower rotary belt 13 is connected to the lower plate 9 through the second support shaft 181, the included angle between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 also changes accordingly. For example, when the lifting mechanism drives the lifting plate 10 to rise, it simultaneously drives the upper plate 8 to move upward, so that the distance between the first support shaft 18 and the second support shaft 181 in the vertical direction increases, and the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 move toward the first support shaft 18 in the horizontal direction, thereby increasing the included angle between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13.

[0031] In this embodiment, when it is necessary to lay the plastic film 321 in the shallow soil, the distance between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 can be increased to increase the included angle between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13. When laying the film, the upper plate 8 can be located above the surface of the plot. At this time, the support column 11 and the lifting assembly are located in the shallow trenches 48 on both sides of the field (see Figure 20 ), and do not directly contact the soil in the field. The soil dividing assembly, the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 span the entire field, and the length is greater than the width of the field. When the upper rotary belt 12 rotates, it rakes part of the soil upward to the upper plate 8 through the rake teeth 14, and the soil passes through the upper plate 8 and falls behind the device. When the lower rotary belt 13 rotates, it rakes part of the soil downward to the lower plate 9 through the rake teeth 14, and the other soil falls into the shallow trenches 48 on both sides. After the film laying is completed, the soil in the shallow trenches 48 can be collected and backfilled onto the field. By increasing the included angle of the soil dividing assembly, the contact area between the soil dividing assembly and the soil in the vertical direction can be increased, thereby increasing the tillage depth of the device for the soil when laying the film in the shallow soil.

[0032] When it is necessary to lay the film in the deep soil, the distance between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 can be reduced, thereby reducing the included angle between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13. When laying the film, the upper plate 8 can be located in the soil, and the soil dividing assembly can pass through the soil at a smaller included angle, thereby further reducing the resistance of the device when passing through the soil. At this time, the height between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 also decreases accordingly to adapt to the change in the angle of the soil dividing assembly.

[0033] See Figures 6 - 8, To facilitate the rotation of the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13, a sliding plate 29 is slidably installed at one end of the lifting plate 10 close to the soil separating assembly. The sliding plate 29 can move horizontally. The first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 pass through the lifting plate 10 and are rotatably installed on the sliding plate 29. Specifically, a first sliding groove 101 and a second sliding groove 102 are formed on the lifting plate 10. The first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 respectively pass through the first sliding groove 101 and the second sliding groove 102. Thus, when the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 move horizontally along with the sliding plate 29, they can slide in the first sliding groove 101 and the second sliding groove 102 respectively.

[0034] In addition, a driving assembly is further provided. The driving assembly is installed on the lifting plate 10. The driving assembly includes a driving shaft 20. The driving shaft 20 is rotatably installed on the lifting plate 10 and is driven by an external driving device. It should be noted that since the driving shaft 20 is installed on the lifting plate 10, in different usage scenarios, the position of the lifting plate 10 in the vertical direction will change. At this time, the distance between the driving shaft 20 and the output shaft of the external driving device will also change. To solve this problem, a transmission belt with a suitable length can be selected each time for use, or a tensioning pulley can be set to compensate for the change in distance.

[0035] Moreover, the driving assembly further includes a positioning shaft 22. The positioning shaft 22 is rotatably installed on the sliding plate 29. The driving shaft 20 drives the first rotating shaft 16 and the positioning shaft 22 to rotate through a first driving belt 21.

[0036] In addition, in order to make the rotation directions of the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 opposite, a second gear 221 is fixedly installed on the positioning shaft 22, and a first gear 171 is fixedly installed at one end of the second rotating shaft 17. The second gear 221 meshes with the first gear 171. Thus, when the positioning shaft 22 rotates, it drives the second rotating shaft 17 and the first rotating shaft 16 to rotate in opposite directions.

[0037] Furthermore, when the sliding plate 29 moves horizontally, it will drive the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 to move synchronously, thereby changing the distances between the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17 and the driving shaft 20. To compensate for the change in the distance between them, a pulling-back shaft 23 is provided. The pulling-back shaft 23 is slidably installed on the lifting plate 10 along the horizontal direction. The pulling-back shaft 23 is used to pull the part of the first driving belt 21 between the first rotating shaft 16 and the positioning shaft 22 towards the driving shaft 20. To improve the stability of the pulling-back shaft 23, a first guiding rod 231 can be installed on one side of the lifting plate 10, and a third sliding groove 103 is formed on the lifting plate 10. One end of the pulling-back shaft 23 passes through the third sliding groove 103 and is slidably connected to the first guiding rod 231. A first spring 232 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the first guiding rod 231, and the first spring 232 always applies a thrust to the pulling-back shaft 23.

[0038] Combined with Figures 6 - 8 and Figure 20 Figures 6 - 8

[0039] Combined with Figure 6 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 Figure 9

[0040] Moreover, a double - helix blade 19 is provided between the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13. The double - helix blade 19 is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate 10. The drive shaft 20 drives the double - helix blade 19 to rotate through the second drive belt 41. The double - helix blade 19 is used to discharge the soil inside the included angle formed by the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 to both sides of the soil - dividing assembly into the shallow groove 48. It should be noted that in the case of installing the first guide rod 231 and the first spring 232, a C - shaped plate 42 needs to be provided on one side of the lifting plate 10, and both ends of the double - helix blade 19 are rotatably mounted on the C - shaped plate 42.

[0041] Combined with Figure 3 、 Figure 4 、 Figure 11 and Figure 12, the lifting mechanism includes a scissor assembly 28. One end of the scissor assembly 28 is hinged to the lower plate 9, and the other end of the scissor assembly 28 is hinged to the upper plate 8. The central hinge point of the scissor assembly 28 is installed on the lifting plate 10. Specifically, the scissor assembly 28 is composed of scissor rods 281 and compensation rods 282. Among them, there are two scissor rods 281, and the two scissor rods 281 are arranged crosswise, and the intersection point of the two is the central hinge point. There are four compensation rods 282, which are respectively hinged to the ends of the two scissor rods 281, and all the compensation rods 282 are inclined towards the central hinge point. The two compensation rods 282 located on the lower side of the scissor assembly 28 are hinged to the lower plate 9, and the two compensation rods 282 located on the upper side of the scissor assembly 28 are hinged to the upper plate 8.

[0042] In addition, the lifting mechanism further includes a lifting rod 24. One end of the lifting rod 24 is hinged to the lifting plate 10. The lifting rod 24 is arranged obliquely. A connecting block 27 is slidably installed on the lower plate 9, and the other end of the lifting rod 24 is hinged to the connecting block 27. In order to facilitate driving the connecting block 27 to drive the lifting rod 24 to rotate, a first threaded rod 25 is rotatably installed on the lower plate 9, and the first threaded rod 25 is threadedly connected to the connecting block 27. Rotating the first threaded rod 25 can drive the connecting block 27 to move horizontally to adjust the inclination angle of the lifting rod 24, so as to change the distance between the two ends of the lifting rod 24 in the vertical direction, and then adjust the height of the lifting plate 10. When the height of the lifting plate 10 changes, the height of the central hinge point of the scissor assembly 28 also changes accordingly, so as to drive the upper plate 8 to move in the vertical direction through the scissor assembly 28.

[0043] In this embodiment, multiple lifting rods 24 can be provided to improve the stability of the force on the lifting plate 10. Two lifting rods 24 are provided in the figure, and the two lifting rods 24 are symmetrically arranged about the vertical plane. At this time, in order to facilitate driving the two lifting rods 24 simultaneously, the first threaded rod 25 is set as a bidirectional threaded rod.

[0044] Combined Figures 13 - 15 , in order to facilitate placing the film roll 32 between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, an installation plate 40 is provided on the side of the support column 11 away from the lifting plate 10. The installation plate 40 is fixed on the lifting plate 10 and moves together with the lifting plate 10 in the vertical direction. The film roll 32 is arranged between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9, and the film roll 32 is installed on the installation plate 40 through a transverse shaft 33. Multiple film rolls 32 can be provided, and the multiple film rolls 32 are horizontally arranged between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, and the number of film rolls 32 can be adjusted according to the distance between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8. Specifically, when the distance between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8 is large, a film roll 32 with a larger diameter can be used and the number of loaded film rolls 32 can be reduced. When the distance between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8 is small, a film roll 32 with a smaller diameter can be used and the number of loaded film rolls 32 can be increased for easy use. Among them, the film roll 32 is wound by a ground film 321.

[0045] In addition, in combination with Figure 14 , Figure 16 and Figure 17 , in order to enable multiple film rolls 32 to cooperate in work, a film pressing roller 34 is rotatably provided on the lower plate 9, and the plastic film 321 is pulled out from the area between the film pressing roller 34 and the lower plate 9. The number of film pressing rollers 34 is the same as the number of film rolls 32. The film pressing roller 34 guides the plastic film 321 extending from the film roll 32. Before use, a part of each film roll 32 is pressed under the farthest film pressing roller 34 of the soil dividing component and stacked layer by layer. An elastic component is provided on the lower plate 9, and the elastic component presses down on the film pressing roller 34. Specifically, the elastic component is composed of a second guide rod 36 and a second spring 35. One end of the film pressing roller 34 is slidably installed on the second guide rod 36, and the second spring 35 is sleeved on the outer peripheral surface of the second guide rod 36 and always applies a downward pressure to the film pressing roller 34. A spike tooth 37 is fixedly provided at the end of the plastic film 321 extending from the film roll 32. The length of the spike tooth 37 protruding from the plastic film 321 is not greater than the thickness of the plastic film 321. When a film roll 32 is about to be used up, the part with the spike tooth 37 at its end passes through the film pressing roller 34, and the film pressing roller 34 presses the spike tooth 37 into the next layer of plastic film 321, so that when the upper layer of plastic film 321 is pulled out while being pressed by the soil, it can drive the next layer of plastic film 321 to move.

[0046] In combination with Figure 14 and Figure 18 , in order to prevent soil from entering the part between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 and hindering the rotation of the film roll 32, isolation components are provided at both ends of the inner frame component. There is a certain distance between the isolation component at the end far from the soil dividing component and the lower plate 9 to allow the plastic film 321 to pass through. Specifically, the isolation component includes an upper shielding plate 38 and a lower shielding plate 39. The upper shielding plate 38 and the lower shielding plate 39 are respectively fixedly provided on the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9, and the upper shielding plate 38 and the lower shielding plate 39 have an overlapping area in the vertical direction. It should be noted that in order to facilitate placing the film roll 32 between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8, preferably, the isolation component at the end far from the soil dividing component is detachably installed on the inner frame component.

[0047] Optionally, in order to improve the stability of the upper shielding plate 38 and the lower shielding plate 39 during the sliding process, an insertion strip 381 is fixedly provided on the upper shielding plate 38, and a third vertical groove 391 is opened on the lower shielding plate 39. The insertion strip 381 can be inserted into the third vertical groove 391 and slide along the third vertical groove 391.

[0048] In combination with Figure 1 and Figure 2, In order to facilitate the forward movement of the device in the soil of the field, an outer frame assembly is also installed on the inner frame assembly. There are two groups of outer frame assemblies, and the two groups of outer frame assemblies are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the soil separating assembly. In order to facilitate the installation of the outer frame assembly, a cross frame 6 is also fixedly installed on the inner frame assembly. The cross frame 6 is horizontally installed on a plurality of support columns 11. There is also an inclined frame 7. One end of the inclined frame 7 is fixed on the lower plate 9, and the other end is fixed on the cross frame 6. The outer frame assembly includes inclined tie rods 2. The inclined tie rods 2 are fixedly arranged at one end of the inner frame assembly far from the soil separating assembly, and the inclined tie rods 2 are inclined towards the side close to the soil separating assembly. A traction rod 5 can be arranged between the upper ends of the two inclined tie rods 2. The traction rod 5 is used to connect with an engineering vehicle to drive the device forward. When the device is moving forward, the traction rod 5 is located above the surface of the field.

[0049] In addition, in order to prevent the height of the device from changing during the forward movement, resulting in the mulch film 321 not being laid to the specified depth, a support wheel 1 is arranged at the end of the soil separating assembly far from the inner frame assembly. The support wheel 1 is connected to the inclined tie rod 2 through a front fork rod 3, and the front fork rod 3 is inclined towards the side away from the support wheel 1. There is also a pressing rod 4. One end of the pressing rod 4 is fixedly arranged on the front fork rod 3, and the other end of the pressing rod 4 is fixedly arranged at one end of the inner frame assembly close to the soil separating assembly, so as to prevent the device from moving up or down during the forward movement.

[0050] During use (operation), the lifting mechanism is driven to move by rotating the first threaded rod 25, and the lifting plate 10 and the upper plate 8 are adjusted to the required positions. During this process, the second threaded rod 30 is rotated simultaneously to adjust the sliding plate 29 to adjust the positions of the first rotating shaft 16 and the second rotating shaft 17. The third threaded rod 31 is rotated simultaneously to adjust the position of the pulling-back shaft 23, so that the first drive belt 21 adapts to the change in the distance between the first rotating shaft 16, the second rotating shaft 17 and the drive shaft 20. After that, a film roll 32 is loaded between the lower plate 9 and the upper plate 8. After completion, the outer frame assembly is pulled by an engineering vehicle to drive the device to move forward in the soil of the field. At the same time, the drive shaft 20 is driven to rotate by an external drive device, so that the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 rotate in opposite directions to separate the soil in the forward direction. Part of the soil enters the included angle formed by the upper rotary belt 12 and the lower rotary belt 13 through the leakage holes 15 and is pushed out to the shallow ditch 48 from both sides of the soil separating assembly by the double spiral blades 19.

[0051] On the other hand, the present invention also provides a method for improving severely saline-alkali land, which is applicable to the mulching film laying device for improving severely saline-alkali land, combined with Figures 19 - 21 , including the following steps: Step 1: Conduct soil investigation and engineering survey on the plot to be transformed, obtain physical and chemical indexes such as soil permeability, bulk density, groundwater level, and soil salt content. According to the survey and test results, determine the thickness and burial depth of the ground film 321. Among them, the ground film 321 is preferably a composite geomembrane, that is, a composite geomembrane composed of polyethylene as the film material and geotextile as the base material, forming a one-fabric-one-film composite geomembrane; Step 2: Level the plot in the area to be transformed, dig an irrigation canal 46 at one end of the plot, dig a drainage ditch 47 at the other end, and use a ditch digging machine to dig shallow ditches 48 at equal intervals along the direction perpendicular to the drainage ditch 47; Step 3: Adjust the distance between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9 according to the burial depth of the ground film 321 to adjust the angle of the soil distribution component. When it is necessary to lay the ground film 321 in the shallow soil layer, increase the angle of the soil distribution component. When it is necessary to lay the ground film 321 in the deep soil layer, reduce the angle of the soil distribution component. Then load a sufficient amount of film rolls 32 between the upper plate 8 and the lower plate 9, and lay the horizontal film 43 through the heavy saline-alkali land improvement film laying device. During the movement of the device, part of the soil is pushed to the shallow ditch 48 by the bidirectional spiral blade 19; Step 4: Clean the soil in the shallow ditch 48, and backfill the soil to the surface of the field plot. Then lay the overlapping film 44 on the upper surface of the horizontal film 43, and the two ends of the overlapping film 44 overlap on the adjacent horizontal film 43; Step 5: Lay the vertical film 45 around the plot in the area to be transformed. There is also an overlapping part between the vertical film 45 and the horizontal film 43, so that the plot in the area to be transformed forms a closed area; Step 6: Place drainage materials in the shallow ditch 48, and the two ends of the drainage materials extend into the irrigation canal 46 and the drainage ditch 47 respectively; Step 7: Irrigate and leach the plot in the transformed area, and drain the water through the drainage ditch 47.

[0052] It should be noted that in this article, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply any actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "include", "comprise" or any other variant thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article or device including a series of elements not only includes those elements, but also includes other elements not expressly listed, or also includes elements inherent to such process, method, article or device.

[0053] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are only used to help illustrate the present invention. The preferred embodiments do not describe all the details in detail, nor do they limit the invention to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made according to the content of this specification. These embodiments are selected and specifically described in this specification to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can well understand and utilize the present invention. The present invention is only limited by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land, characterized in that: include: A soil dividing assembly, the soil dividing assembly comprising an upper rotating belt (12) and a lower rotating belt (13), the upper rotating belt (12) and the lower rotating belt (13) being arranged in a transverse V-shape, and the rotation direction of the upper rotating belt (12) is opposite to that of the lower rotating belt (13), and rake teeth (14) are fixedly provided on the upper rotating belt (12) and the lower rotating belt (13); The two ends of the upper rotating belt (12) are respectively mounted with a first rotating shaft (16) and a first supporting shaft (18), and the two ends of the lower rotating belt (13) are respectively mounted with a second rotating shaft (17) and a second supporting shaft (181); The inner frame assembly is arranged on the side of the soil dividing assembly, and the inner frame assembly includes: An upper plate (8), the upper plate (8) being located at the upper end of the inner frame assembly, and a first support shaft (18) being rotatably mounted on one end of the upper plate (8); A lower plate (9), the lower plate (9) being located at the lower end of the inner frame assembly, and the second support shaft (181) being rotatably mounted on one end of the lower plate (9); A support column (11), wherein the support column (11) is vertically fixed on the lower plate (9), and the upper plate (8) is slidably mounted on the support column (11) along a vertical direction; A lifting plate (10), the lifting plate (10) being arranged between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9), and the lifting plate (10) being slidably mounted on the support column (11) in a vertical direction, and the first rotating shaft (16) and the second rotating shaft (17) being slidably mounted on one end of the lifting plate (10) in a horizontal direction; A lifting mechanism is installed on the inner frame assembly, and the lifting mechanism can drive the upper plate (8) and the lifting plate (10) to rise or fall in the vertical direction at the same time.

2. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sliding plate (29) is slidably mounted on one end of the lifting plate (10) close to the soil dividing assembly, and the first rotating shaft (16) and the second rotating shaft (17) pass through the lifting plate (10) and are rotatably mounted on the sliding plate (29); It also includes a driving assembly, which is mounted on the lifting plate (10), and includes: A drive shaft (20), wherein the drive shaft (20) is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate (10); A positioning shaft (22), wherein the positioning shaft (22) is rotatably mounted on the sliding plate (29); The driving shaft (20) drives the first rotating shaft (16) and the positioning shaft (22) to rotate via a first driving belt (21); A second gear (221) is fixedly provided on the positioning shaft (22), a first gear (171) is fixedly provided on one end of the second rotating shaft (17), and the second gear (221) meshes with the first gear (171); A pull-back shaft (23), wherein the pull-back shaft (23) is slidably mounted on the lifting plate (10) in a horizontal direction, and the pull-back shaft (23) is used to pull a portion of the first driving belt (21) between the first rotating shaft (16) and the positioning shaft (22) toward the driving shaft (20).

3. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 2, characterized in that: A third threaded rod (31) is rotatably provided on the lifting plate (10), the axis of the third threaded rod (31) is parallel to the length direction of the lifting plate (10), and the third threaded rod (31) is threadedly connected to one end of the sliding plate (29), so that when the third threaded rod (31) rotates, the sliding plate (29) is driven to move; A second threaded rod (30) is rotatably provided on the lifting plate (10), the axis of the second threaded rod (30) is parallel to the third threaded rod (31), and the second threaded rod (30) is threadedly connected to one end of the pull-back shaft (23), so that the pull-back shaft (23) can be driven to move when the second threaded rod (30) rotates.

4. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper rotating belt (12) and the lower rotating belt (13) are both provided with leakage holes (15); A bidirectional spiral blade (19) is provided between the upper rotating belt (12) and the lower rotating belt (13); the bidirectional spiral blade (19) is rotatably mounted on the lifting plate (10); and the bidirectional spiral blade (19) is connected to the drive shaft (20) via a second drive belt (41).

5. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism comprises a scissor assembly (28), one end of the scissor assembly (28) is hinged to the lower plate (9), the other end of the scissor assembly (28) is hinged to the upper plate (8), and the central hinge point of the scissor assembly (28) is installed on the lifting plate (10); The lifting mechanism also includes: A lifting rod (24), one end of which is hinged on the lifting plate (10); A connecting block (27), wherein the connecting block (27) is slidably mounted on the lower plate (9), and the other end of the lifting rod (24) is hinged on the connecting block (27); A first threaded rod (25), the first threaded rod (25) is rotatably mounted on the lower plate (9), and the first threaded rod (25) is threadedly connected to the connecting block (27), and the first threaded rod (25) can drive the connecting block (27) to move in a horizontal direction when rotating.

6. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 5, characterized in that: A mounting plate (40) is provided on a side of the support column (11) away from the lifting plate (10), and the mounting plate (40) is fixed on the lifting plate (10); A film roll (32) is provided between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9), and the film roll (32) is mounted on the mounting plate (40) via a support shaft (33).

7. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 6, characterized in that: A film pressing roller (34) is rotatably provided on the lower plate (9), and the film pressing roller (34) plays a guiding role for the ground film extending from the film roll (32); An elastic component is provided on the lower plate (9), and the elastic component has a downward pressing effect on the film pressing roller (34); The end of the ground film extending from the film roll (32) is fixedly provided with spike teeth (37), and the length of the spike teeth (37) leaking out of the ground film is not greater than the thickness of the ground film.

8. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 7, characterized in that: Isolation components are provided at both ends of the inner frame component, and a certain distance is provided between the isolation component at one end away from the soil separation component and the lower plate (9) to allow the ground film to pass through; The isolation assembly comprises an upper shielding plate (38) and a lower shielding plate (39), wherein the upper shielding plate (38) and the lower shielding plate (39) are respectively fixed on the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9), and the upper shielding plate (38) and the lower shielding plate (39) have an overlapping area in the vertical direction.

9. The film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an outer frame assembly, which is mounted on the inner frame assembly, and the outer frame assembly includes: An inclined brace (2), the inclined brace (2) being fixedly mounted on an end of the inner frame assembly away from the soil dividing assembly, and the inclined brace (2) being inclined towards a side close to the soil dividing assembly; A support wheel (1), the support wheel (1) being arranged at one end of the soil dividing assembly away from the inner frame assembly, the support wheel (1) being connected to the inclined tie rod (2) via a front fork rod (3), and the front fork rod (3) being inclined towards a side away from the support wheel (1); A lower pressure rod (4), one end of the lower pressure rod (4) is fixedly arranged on the front fork rod (3), and the other end of the lower pressure rod (4) is fixedly arranged on an end of the inner frame component close to the soil dividing component.

10. A method for improving severe saline-alkali land, applicable to the film-laying device for improving severe saline-alkali land according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Conduct soil survey and engineering investigation on the land to be transformed to obtain physical and chemical indicators such as soil permeability, bulk density, groundwater level and soil salinity. According to the survey and test results, determine the thickness and burial depth of the ground film; Step 2: Level the land in the area to be transformed, open an irrigation channel (46) at one end of the land, open a drainage ditch (47) at the other end, and use a trenching machine to open shallow trenches (48) at equal intervals on the land in a direction perpendicular to the drainage ditch (47); Step 3: According to the buried depth of the ground film, the distance between the upper plate (8) and the lower plate (9) is adjusted to adjust the angle of the soil dividing assembly, and the horizontal film (43) is laid by the heavy saline-alkali land improved film laying device; Step 4: Collect the soil in the shallow trench (48) and backfill it to the surface of the plot, and then lay the overlapping membrane (44) on the upper surface of the horizontal membrane (43) in the shallow trench (48); Step 5: laying vertical membranes (45) around the land in the area to be transformed, so that the land in the area to be transformed forms a closed area; Step 6: Place drainage material in the shallow ditch (48), with both ends of the drainage material extending into the irrigation channel (46) and the drainage ditch (47) respectively; Step 7: Irrigate and rinse the land in the transformed area, and drain the water through the drainage ditch (47).

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