Latheconidea furcellata imago attractant and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an adult cantheconidea furcellata attractant and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of plant protection. Comprising the following components in parts by weight: 3-5 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 1-3 parts of n-undecane and 1-3 parts of a fucus extract. The invention discloses a cantheconidea furcellata adult attractant, which is used for attracting cantheconidea furcellata adults by simulating chemical signals in nature, enhancing the predation capability of the cantheconidea furcellata adults on pests, reducing the use of chemical pesticides, and is environment-friendly, thereby being an effective biological prevention and control means. Experiments prove that the attractant prepared by the embodiment of the invention can effectively improve the colonization rate of the cantheconidea furcellatus in tobacco plants, the colonization rate reaches up to 62.7%, and the cantheconidea furcellatus attractant can be used as a cantheconidea furcellatus colonization attractant in a tobacco field, and is an ideal means for pest control.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of plant protection, and particularly relates to an attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata and its uses. Background Art

[0002] Eocanthecona furcellata belongs to the insect of Asopinae, Pentatomidae, Hemiptera. It is widely distributed in regions such as Yunnan, Guizhou, Guangxi, and Fujian. This insect has multiple generations in a year. The 2nd to 5th instar nymphs and adults can all prey on pests, and its predation range is wide, including more than 40 kinds of pests such as Lepidoptera, Hymenoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera. Research shows that Eocanthecona furcellata has strong predation ability on more than 20 kinds of Lepidoptera pests such as Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera litura, and Spodoptera exigua, and has great application potential in biological control.

[0003] Using natural enemy insects to control pests is an important means in biological pest control. Improving the pest control effect of natural enemy insects in the field and reducing economic costs are important guarantees for the popularization and application of natural enemy insects. In practical applications, the pest control effect of using natural enemy insects to control pests in the field is often unstable, thus affecting production benefits and making it difficult for natural enemies to be popularized and applied in the field. Eocanthecona furcellata is an important predatory insect in the field. It shows strong predation ability on pests such as Spodoptera fiugiperda, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua, and Clostera fulgurita, and has a certain interference effect on the reproduction and development of preyed insects. It is an ideal natural enemy for controlling Lepidoptera pests in agricultural and forestry production and has good application prospects.

[0004] However, when releasing natural enemies, the problem of poor colonization of natural enemy insects is likely to occur. Therefore, it is crucial to provide an attractant that can effectively improve the colonization of Eocanthecona furcellata. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata and its uses to solve the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0007] One of the technical solutions of the present invention is an attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, which, by weight, comprises 3-5 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 1-3 parts of n-undecane, and 1-3 parts of Fucus extract.

[0008] Another technical solution of the present invention is the application of the above-mentioned attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata in pest control in tobacco fields.

[0009] Another technical solution of the present invention is a method for pest control in tobacco fields, which uses the above-mentioned attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata to spray tobacco plants to attract Eocanthecona furcellata to colonize.

[0010] Another technical solution of the present invention is the application of the above-mentioned attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata in population monitoring of Eocanthecona furcellata.

[0011] Based on the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0012] The present invention discloses an attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata. This attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata simulates chemical signals in nature to attract adult Eocanthecona furcellata, enhances its predation ability on pests, reduces the use of chemical pesticides at the same time, is environmentally friendly, and is an effective biological control means. The present invention also confirms through experiments that the attractant prepared in the examples of the present invention can effectively improve the colonization rate of Eocanthecona furcellata on tobacco plants, and the colonization rate is as high as 62.7%. It can be used as an attractant for the colonization of Eocanthecona furcellata in tobacco fields and is an ideal means for pest control. Description of the Drawings

[0013] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can also be obtained based on these drawings.

[0014] Figure 1 It is the synthetic route of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal.

[0015] Figure 2 It is the structure diagram of the greenhouse. Detailed Embodiments

[0016] The various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. In the embodiments, the methods are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified, and the reagents are all conventional commercially available reagents or reagents prepared by conventional methods unless otherwise specified. This detailed description should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention, but should be understood as a more detailed description of certain aspects, characteristics, and implementation schemes of the present invention.

[0017] It should be understood that the terms used in this invention are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the invention. Additionally, for the numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Any intermediate value within any stated value or stated range, as well as each smaller range between any other stated value or intermediate value within the stated range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges can be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0018] Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. Although this invention only describes preferred methods and materials, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can also be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference to disclose and describe the methods and / or materials related to the said documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0019] Without departing from the scope or spirit of this invention, various improvements and changes can be made to the specific embodiments of the specification of this invention, which are obvious to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments obtained from the specification of this invention are obvious to those skilled in the art. The specification and examples of this invention are merely exemplary.

[0020] Regarding "comprising", "including", "having", "containing", etc. used herein, they are all open-ended terms, meaning including but not limited to.

[0021] The technical solutions described in this invention are all conventional solutions in the art unless otherwise specified. The reagents or raw materials used are all purchased from commercial channels or have been made public unless otherwise specified.

[0022] The embodiments of this invention provide an attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, which, by weight parts, includes 3 - 5 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 1 - 3 parts of n-undecane, and 1 - 3 parts of Fucus extract.

[0023] In some specific embodiments, it includes, by weight parts, 4 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 2 parts of n-undecane, and 2 parts of Fucus extract.

[0024] (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal is an insect sex pheromone that can mimic the natural sex pheromone of insects and attract specific species of insects. In the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, it acts as an active ingredient to attract adult Eocanthecona furcellata and prompt them to gather in the area where the attractant is applied.

[0025] n-Undecane is an alkane that is used as a sex attractant for moths and cockroaches. It is insoluble in water, miscible with alcohols and ethers, and stable under normal temperature and pressure. The role of n-undecane in the attractant is to serve as a carrier for the sex pheromone, helping to spread the odor of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal and enhancing the attracting effect.

[0026] The extract of Fucus contains various bioactive components such as fucoidans, mucilage (mucopolysaccharides), alginate, mannitol, β-carotene, zeaxanthin, phlorotannins, etc. These components may have an attracting effect on Eocanthecona furcellata due to their unique chemical properties and biological activities. Certain components in the extract of Fucus may mimic some chemical signals of Eocanthecona furcellata in the natural environment, or provide some nutrients or stimuli they need, thus playing an attracting role.

[0027] The combination of these three components can produce a synergistic effect, making the attractant more effectively mimic the signals that adult Eocanthecona furcellata may encounter in the natural environment, thereby improving the efficiency and effect of the attractant. The natural components of the extract of Fucus may provide a more natural and complex odor for the attractant, making it more effectively attract the target insects.

[0028] In some specific embodiments, it further includes an organic solvent.

[0029] In some specific embodiments, the organic solvent is selected from at least one of sulfolane, PolarClean, propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, JS-TDPh, liquid paraffin oil, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylformamide or glycerol.

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention also provide the application of the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata in the control of pests in tobacco plantations.

[0031] The embodiments of the present invention also provide a method for controlling pests in tobacco plantations, which uses the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata to spray tobacco plants to attract Eocanthecona furcellata to colonize.

[0032] In some specific embodiments, the pests include Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera litura, Spodoptera exigua and Poplar leaf-eating beetles.

[0033] The embodiments of the present invention also provide the application of the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata in the population monitoring of Eocanthecona furcellata.

[0034] The materials used in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0035] The extract of Fucus is purchased from Shandong Pingju Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0036] Canthecona furcellata: Collected from Yuanjiang County, Yunnan Province. Brought back to the laboratory and reared in cages (27±1℃, RH 60%-80%, photoperiod 14L:10D). Fed Tenebrio molitor every day, and a laboratory population has been established.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Synthesis of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal

[0039] The reaction referred to the method of Paz et al. and was improved. The synthetic route is shown in Figure 1 . Take 30 ml of tetrahydrofuran, 24 ml of acetone, 2 g of 2-ethylfuran and 12 ml of water and add them to a 300 ml round-bottom flask in sequence, and place it in a low-temperature magnetic stirring reaction device at -20℃; then add 4 ml of pyridine and 5.44 g of N-bromosuccinimide in sequence, take it out after 3 h, and stir the reaction overnight. Transfer the overnight solution to a separatory funnel for filtration and washing, add 680 ml of ethyl acetate to dissolve (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal in the ethyl acetate layer, then wash it three times with 80 ml of 1M sodium thiosulfate solution and 1M dilute hydrochloric acid solution respectively, and then wash it with 280 ml of saturated sodium chloride, dry the ethyl acetate layer with anhydrous sodium sulfate and then filter. Use a rotary evaporator to remove the solvent from the filtrate at 50℃, and use a petroleum ether∶ethyl acetate (10∶1) solution for elution. Segment the obtained product by silica gel column chromatography, and distill off the solvent from the eluate under reduced pressure at 45℃ to obtain (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] An attractant for adult Canthecona furcellata, comprising 4 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 2 parts of n-undecane, 2 parts of Fucus extract and 10 parts of sulfolane. Weigh each component accurately. First, pour sulfolane into a container, and then gradually add (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, n-undecane and Fucus extract into the sulfolane. Stir until all solid components are evenly dispersed.

[0042] Example 3

[0043] An attractant for adult Canthecona furcellata, comprising 3 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 3 parts of n-undecane, 3 parts of Fucus extract and 10 parts of sulfolane. Weigh each component accurately. First, pour sulfolane into a container, and then gradually add (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, n-undecane and Fucus extract into the sulfolane. Stir the solution until all solid components are evenly dispersed.

[0044] Example 4

[0045] An attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, comprising 5 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 1 part of n-undecane, 1 part of Fucus extract, and 10 parts of sulfolane. Weigh each component accurately. First, pour sulfolane into a container, and then gradually add (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, n-undecane, and Fucus extract into the sulfolane. Stir the solution until all the solid components are evenly dispersed.

[0046] Control Example 1

[0047] An attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, comprising 4 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 2 parts of n-undecane, and 10 parts of sulfolane. Weigh each component accurately. First, pour sulfolane into a container, and then gradually add (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal and n-undecane into the sulfolane. Stir until all the solid components are evenly dispersed.

[0048] Control Example 2

[0049] An attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, comprising 2 parts of n-undecane, 2 parts of Fucus extract, and 10 parts of sulfolane. Weigh each component accurately. First, pour sulfolane into a container, and then gradually add (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, n-undecane, and Fucus extract into the sulfolane. Stir until all the solid components are evenly dispersed.

[0050] Control Example 3

[0051] An attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata, comprising 4 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 2 parts of Fucus extract, and 10 parts of sulfolane. Weigh each component accurately. First, pour sulfolane into a container, and then gradually add (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, n-undecane, and Fucus extract into the sulfolane. Stir until all the solid components are evenly dispersed.

[0052] Experimental Example

[0053] 1 Test Site and Greenhouse

[0054] The test was carried out in the tobacco field of Zhanghetun, Longchuan Town, Nanhua County, Chuxiong Prefecture. The tobacco variety was K326. During the experiment, all experimental fields were cultivated and managed with unified conventional techniques for tobacco cultivation, water and fertilizer management, etc.

[0055] The field cage release test of Eocanthecona furcellata was carried out in the greenhouse built in the tobacco field. As Figure 2 shown, the greenhouse was 6 m long, 3 m wide, and 2.2 m high. The northeast corner of the greenhouse was used as the coordinate origin. The temperature range in the greenhouse was 17°C to 30°C, and the humidity range was 43% to 61%. The planted crop was tobacco (K326) with a height of 1.5 m. The planting density was 12 plants per row, with a total of 3 rows, a total of 36 plants, and the floor area of each plant was 0.5 m 2 .

[0056] Field colonization rate of *Cantheconidea furcellata*

[0057] One hour before releasing *Cantheconidea furcellata*, spray the *Cantheconidea furcellata* adult attractant prepared in Examples 2-4 and Comparative Examples 1-3 on tobacco, and use the spraying of sulfolane as a blank control. Apply 5 g per tobacco plant.

[0058] Release 25 newly emerged male and female adults of *Cantheconidea furcellata* each. Place the *Cantheconidea furcellata* in a plastic box (15 cm × 21 cm × 11 cm), and then release them at the geometric center of the greenhouse at 19:00 to allow them to disperse freely. Start the investigation after 7:00 in the morning on the second day after release. The investigation interval is 12 h, and a total of 4 investigations are carried out. Measure the spatial coordinates of each *Cantheconidea furcellata*. The value of the vertical coordinate Z is the vertical distance from the distribution position of *Cantheconidea furcellata* to the ground. Each treatment is repeated three times. Investigate its colonization rate after 3 d.

[0059] Colonization rate (%) = (number of insects at the time of investigation / number of insects at the time of release) * 100.

[0060] Table 1 Colonization rate of *Cantheconidea furcellata* induced by different attractants

[0061]

[0062] As can be seen from Table 1, the attractant prepared in the examples of the present invention can effectively improve the colonization rate of *Cantheconidea furcellata* on tobacco plants and can be used as an attractant for the colonization of *Cantheconidea furcellata* in tobacco fields.

[0063] 3 Trapping experiment

[0064] 3.1 Conduct an experiment in a tobacco field. Release 100 *Cantheconidea furcellata* adults at the center point of the tobacco field. The trapping device is 2 m away from the release point. The dosages of the *Cantheconidea furcellata* adult attractant prepared in Example 2 are 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 mg respectively. Record the trapped insect quantity regularly on the second day after release. The investigation time is 7 d, and it is repeated three times. Determine the optimal dosage of the adult attractant according to the test results.

[0065] 3.2 Conduct an experiment in a tobacco field. Release 100 *Cantheconidea furcellata* adults at the center point of the tobacco field. The hanging heights of the trapping device are set to 0, 0.3, 0.6, 0.9, and 1.2 m. The dosage of the attractant is the dosage with the best trapping effect screened in the test of 3.1. Record the trapped insect quantity regularly on the second day after release. The investigation time is 7 d, and it is repeated three times. Empty the *Cantheconidea furcellata* in the trap during each investigation.

[0066] 3.3 Conduct experiments in the tobacco field. Release 100 adult Eocanthecona furcellata at the center point of the tobacco field. Set the spacing of the trapping devices at 1, 2, 3, 5, and 7 m away from the trapping devices. The usage amount of the pheromone of the trapping device is the optimal amount screened in 3.1 experiments. Each trapping device is more than 20 m apart to avoid mutual influence caused by the too-close distance of the trapping devices. Record the trapped insect quantity regularly on the 2nd day after release. The investigation time is 7 days, and repeat three times. Determine the optimal hanging spacing according to the test results.

[0067] The results show that when the distance between the trap and the release point is 2 m and the usage amount of the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata is 15 mg, the trapped quantity is the largest, and the trapping rate is 37%, which is significantly different from the lure cores with other usage amounts of the attractant.

[0068] The optimal attracting range of the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata is 1 - 2 m, and the trapping rates are 38.33% and 33.67% respectively, which are significantly different from the attracting effects at other distances. The attracting effect on adults weakens with the increase of the placement distance of the lure, and the trapping rate also decreases. When the lure core is placed at 7 m, the trapping rate of adult Eocanthecona furcellata is 5.33%.

[0069] There are significant differences in the attracting effect of the lure core of the attractant for adult Eocanthecona furcellata at different placement heights, indicating that the placement height of the lure core has an obvious impact on its attracting effect. When the lure core is placed at a height of 30 cm above the ground, the trapped quantity of adult Eocanthecona furcellata is significantly more than that at other heights, and its trapping rate is 25.33%; when the lure core is placed at heights of 60 cm and 90 cm above the ground, and when the lure core is placed at a height of 120 cm above the ground, the trapping rate is the lowest.

[0070] Obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly explaining the present invention, rather than limiting the implementation manners of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other different forms of changes or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to list all the implementation manners here. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pronghorn bug adult attractant, characterized in that: The invention comprises, by weight, 3 to 5 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 1 to 3 parts of n-undecane and 1 to 3 parts of Fucus vesiculosus extract.

2. The attractant for adults of the pronghorn bug according to claim 1, characterized in that: Calculated by weight, the invention comprises 4 parts of (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, 2 parts of n-undecane and 2 parts of Fucus vesiculosus extract.

3. The attractant for adults of the pronghorn bug according to claim 1, characterized in that: Organic solvents are also included.

4. The attractant for adults of the pronghorn bug according to claim 3, characterized in that: The organic solvent is selected from at least one of sulfolane, PolarClean, propylene carbonate, ethylene glycol phenyl ether, JS-TDPh, liquid paraffin oil, N-methylpyrrolidone, N-methylformamide or glycerol.

5. Use of the attractant for adults of the forked horned bug as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 in pest control in tobacco gardens.

6. A method for controlling pests in a tobacco garden, characterized in that: The adult attractant of the forked horn bug described in any one of claims 1 to 4 is used to spray tobacco plants to attract the forked horn bug to colonize.

7. The method for controlling pests in tobacco gardens according to claim 6, characterized in that: The pests include fall armyworm, fall armyworm, beet armyworm and poplar leaf-feeding beetle.

8. Use of the attractant for adults of the pronghorn bug as described in any one of claims 1 to 4 in monitoring the pronghorn bug population.

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