Hericium erinaceus powder, hericium erinaceus composition and application of hericium erinaceus composition in memory improvement and Crohn disease treatment

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and discloses hericium erinaceus powder, a hericium erinaceus composition and application of the hericium erinaceus powder to memory improvement and Crohn disease treatment. Treating the hericium erinaceus powder with hot-pressing steam, and then quickly releasing the pressure; and drying and carrying out superfine grinding to obtain the hericium erinaceus powder. The hericium erinaceus powder provided by the invention has better effects of resisting oxidation, assisting in improving memory and treating senile hypomnesia, and the clinical application range of hericium erinaceus is expanded; the provided hericium erinaceus powder is high in polysaccharide content and large in polysaccharide dissolution amount, and the biological effect can be obviously improved. The hericium erinaceus powder for preventing and treating the hypomnesis and Crohn disease of old people has good safety and few side effects, and the medical application of hericium erinaceus is expanded.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of traditional Chinese medicine preparation, and relates to a preparation method of Hericium erinaceus powder and its application in improving memory, treating senile memory decline and inflammatory bowel disease. Background Art

[0002] Disclosing the information of this background art is intended to increase the understanding of the overall background of the present invention, and it is not necessarily regarded as an admission or an indication in any form that this information constitutes the prior art already known to those of ordinary skill in the art.

[0003] Currently, the world's elderly population is continuously increasing. Due to the aging of the nervous system structure and function in the elderly, there is memory decline to varying degrees, especially the decline of "fluid intelligence" such as perceptual integration ability, recent memory, thinking agility and attention is more obvious, specifically manifested as forgetfulness, slow reaction, uncoordinated movements, etc. Central nervous system diseases and geriatric diseases such as cerebral arteriosclerosis and hypertension also cause intellectual decline. It is estimated that 5 - 15% of the elderly have varying degrees of dementia symptoms, half of which are senile dementia, followed by cerebral arteriosclerosis combined with multiple embolisms, etc.

[0004] Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is an idiopathic intestinal inflammatory disease involving the ileum, rectum and colon. The clinical manifestations are diarrhea, abdominal pain, and even bloody stools. This disease includes ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD). Ulcerative colitis is a continuous inflammation of the colonic mucosa and submucosa. The disease usually first affects the rectum and gradually spreads to the entire colon. Crohn's disease can involve the entire digestive tract and is a discontinuous full - layer inflammation. The most commonly affected sites are the terminal ileum, colon and perianal area. Crohn's disease, also known as regional enteritis, regional ileitis, segmental enteritis and granulomatous enteritis, is an intestinal inflammatory disease of unknown cause that can occur in any part of the gastrointestinal tract, but is more common in the terminal ileum and the right half of the colon. Together with chronic non - specific ulcerative colitis, they are collectively referred to as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). The clinical manifestations are abdominal pain, diarrhea, intestinal obstruction, accompanied by extra - intestinal manifestations such as fever and nutritional disorders. The course of the disease is mostly protracted, recurrent, and not easy to cure. Currently, there is no effective chemotherapeutic drug. The most commonly used salicylic acid drugs have poor effects, cannot prevent recurrence, and have relatively serious liver and kidney toxicity.

[0005] Hericium erinaceus is the dried fruiting body of Hericium erinaceus ( Hericium erinaceus (Bull. ex Fr.) Pers.) or Hericium coralloides ( Hericium coralloides (Scop ex Fr.) Pers. ex Gray). Hericium erinaceus is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine in traditional Chinese medicine, with the functions of promoting qi and promoting digestion, strengthening the spleen and promoting appetite, and can be used for gastric ulcer and chronic gastritis, etc. However, there is no report on the efficacy of Hericium erinaceus in senile memory decline and the effect on Crohn's disease. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to improve the utilization efficiency of Hericium erinaceus and expand its application scope, the present invention provides a preparation method of Hericium erinaceus, which on the one hand increases the content of Hericium erinaceus polysaccharide and on the other hand increases the release rate of soluble polysaccharide.

[0007] Another object of the present invention is to provide Hericium erinaceus powder obtained by the above preparation method, which has a high polysaccharide content and has the effects of improving memory, treating senile memory decline and Crohn's disease.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions.

[0009] A preparation method of Hericium erinaceus powder, comprising the following steps: (1) Treat Hericium erinaceus powder with hot-pressed steam and then quickly release the pressure; (2) Dry the Hericium erinaceus powder obtained in step (1); (3) Ultrafinely pulverize the Hericium erinaceus powder obtained in step (2) to obtain Hericium erinaceus powder.

[0010] In step (1), the fineness of Hericium erinaceus powder is passing through a 100-mesh sieve. The pressure of hot-pressed steam is 1.2 MPa - 2.0 MPa; the treatment time is 20 min - 40 min. Preferably, the pressure of hot-pressed steam is 1.2 MPa - 1.8 MPa; the treatment time is 20 min - 30 min.

[0011] In step (1), the pressure release time is within 10 min to normal pressure; preferably, the pressure is released to normal pressure within 3 min.

[0012] In step (2), the drying temperature is not higher than 80°C; the drying method is selected from natural drying, drying, microwave drying, freeze-drying.

[0013] In step (3), the particle size range of ultrafine pulverization is 2 μm - 30 μm. Ultrafine pulverization is dry pulverization, and is selected from methods such as air flow pulverization, vibration ultrafine pulverization, ball mill ultrafine pulverization, hammering ultrafine pulverization and self-grinding ultrafine pulverization.

[0014] The present invention also provides a Hericium erinaceus powder prepared by the above method, with a moisture content not higher than 13.0%, water-soluble extractives not less than 50.0%, and polysaccharide content not less than 8.0%; the particles larger than 30 µm in the powder do not exceed 10%, and there are no particles larger than 40 µm. The determination methods for moisture and water-soluble extractives (hot extraction method) are carried out according to the "Moisture" and "Extractives" in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition); the determination of polysaccharide content is carried out according to the determination method of polysaccharide under the determination of Ganoderma lucidum content in Part I of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition); the particle size inspection method is carried out according to the "Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution Determination Method" in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition).

[0015] Use of the above Hericium erinaceus powder in the preparation of foods, health products with antioxidant and memory improvement assisting effects, and drugs for treating senile memory decline and Crohn's disease.

[0016] A composition containing the above Hericium erinaceus powder, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3 - 6 parts of Hericium erinaceus powder, 2 - 6 parts of ginseng, 1 - 3 parts of notoginseng, 2 - 6 parts of polygala root, and 2 - 6 parts of semen alpiniae oxyphyllae.

[0017] The preparation method of the above composition includes the following steps: (S1) Decoct polygala root and semen alpiniae oxyphyllae twice with water, combine the decoction liquid and spray-dry to obtain a spray-dried powder; (S2) Crush ginseng and notoginseng into extremely fine powder to obtain a mixed powder; (S3) Mix the Hericium erinaceus powder, spray-dried powder and mixed powder evenly to obtain the composition.

[0018] In step (S1), add 8 times the amount of water for the first decoction and 6 times the amount of water for the second decoction, and decoct for 1 hour each time; before spraying the decoction liquid, concentrate it to a relative density of 1.05 - 1.08 at 60 °C.

[0019] In step (S2), the extremely fine powder all passes through the No. 8 sieve and contains not less than 95% that can pass through the No. 9 sieve.

[0020] In order to improve the curative effect of Hericium erinaceus powder in treating inflammatory bowel disease Crohn's disease, Hericium erinaceus powder can be combined with other traditional Chinese medicines to form a composition. The present invention also provides a composition containing the above Hericium erinaceus powder, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 1 - 3 parts of Hericium erinaceus powder, 2 - 6 parts of honeysuckle flower, 1 - 3 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 2 - 6 parts of coptis chinensis, and 2 - 6 parts of cortex fraxini.

[0021] The preparation method of the above composition includes the following steps: (s1) Decoct honeysuckle flower, scutellaria baicalensis, coptis chinensis and cortex fraxini twice with water, combine the decoction liquid and spray-dry to obtain a spray-dried powder; (s2) Mix the Hericium erinaceus powder and the mixed powder evenly to obtain the composition.

[0022] In step (s1), add 8 times the amount of water for the first water decoction and 6 times the amount of water for the second water decoction, and decoct for 1 hour each time; before spraying the decoction, concentrate it to a relative density of 1.05 - 1.08 at 60°C.

[0023] In order to prepare the hericium powder or its composition into different dosage forms, increase the stability of the drug, regulate the drug release rate, etc., the health food or drug may also contain food or pharmaceutically acceptable excipients. The health food or drug can be prepared into various preparation dosage forms, such as powder, granule, tablet, capsule, etc.

[0024] In order to prepare the hericium powder into different forms of health food to meet the needs of different consumers, the hericium powder can be eaten directly or made into foods such as rice paste and biscuits.

[0025] The present invention has the following advantages: The hericium powder provided by the present invention has better antioxidant and auxiliary effects in improving memory, treating senile memory decline and Crohn's disease, expanding the clinical application range of hericium; the hericium powder provided has a high polysaccharide content and a large polysaccharide dissolution amount, which can significantly enhance its biological effects. The hericium powder has good safety and few side effects in the prevention and treatment of senile memory decline and Crohn's disease, expanding the medical uses of hericium erinaceus. Detailed implementation mode

[0026] The following further illustrates the present invention in conjunction with embodiments, but the present invention is not limited by the following embodiments. The hericium used in the embodiments is the dried fruiting body (mycelium) of Hericium erinaceus ( Hericium erinaceus (Bull.ex Fr.) Pers.).

[0027] Example 1 Preparation of hericium powder (1) Take dry hericium, crush it into fine powder, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, and mix evenly; (2) Place the hericium fine powder in a hot-press steam treatment cabinet, evacuate the air, introduce hot-press steam, and make the steam pressure in the cabinet reach 0.5 MPa - 2.0 MPa, and maintain it for 25 min. After hot-press treatment, release the steam to atmospheric pressure within 10 min; (3) Dry the hot-press treated hericium fine powder, and the drying temperature is 80°C; (4) Crush the dried hericium fine powder with a jet mill for 20 min to obtain hericium powder.

[0028] Perform quality inspection on the Hericium erinaceus powder: The determination methods for moisture and water-soluble extractives (hot extraction method) are carried out according to the "Moisture" and "Extractives" in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition); the determination of the polysaccharide content is carried out according to the determination method of polysaccharide under the determination of Ganoderma lucidum content in Part I of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition); the particle size inspection method is carried out according to the "Determination Method for Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution" in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition).

[0029] Table 1 Effects of Hericium erinaceus powder treated with different steam pressures on the active components of Hericium erinaceus It can be seen from the experimental results that after the Hericium erinaceus powder is treated by hot pressing, the amount of extractives increases, but the increase amplitude is small; when the steam pressure exceeds 1.2 MPa, the polysaccharide content of the Hericium erinaceus powder increases significantly, exceeding twice the polysaccharide content of the Hericium erinaceus powder without hot pressing or under low pressure treatment. When the pressure exceeds 1.8 MPa, the increase amplitude of the polysaccharide content is small.

[0030] Example 2 Preparation of Hericium erinaceus powder (1) Take dried Hericium erinaceus, crush it into fine powder, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, and mix evenly; (2) Place the Hericium erinaceus fine powder in a hot pressing steam treatment cabinet, evacuate the air, introduce hot pressing steam, and make the steam pressure in the cabinet reach 1.5 MPa, and maintain it for 5 min - 40 min. After hot pressing treatment, release the steam to normal pressure within 10 min; (3) Dry the Hericium erinaceus fine powder after hot pressing treatment, and the drying temperature is 80 °C; (4) Crush the dried Hericium erinaceus fine powder with an air flow pulverizer for 20 min to obtain Hericium erinaceus powder.

[0031] Perform quality inspection on the Hericium erinaceus powder: The determination methods for moisture and water-soluble extractives (hot extraction method) are carried out according to the "Moisture" and "Extractives" in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition); the determination of the polysaccharide content is carried out according to the determination method of polysaccharide under the determination of Ganoderma lucidum content in Part I of the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition); the particle size inspection method is carried out according to the "Determination Method for Particle Size and Particle Size Distribution" in the Pharmacopoeia of the People's Republic of China (2020 Edition).

[0032] Table 2 Effects of Hericium erinaceus powder treated with hot pressing for different times on the active components of Hericium erinaceus It can be seen from the experimental results that after the Hericium erinaceus powder is treated by hot pressing for different times, the amount of leachate increases, but the increase amplitude is relatively small; the hot pressing time has a greater impact on the polysaccharide content of the Hericium erinaceus powder. When hot pressing for 20 min, the polysaccharide content of the Hericium erinaceus powder increases significantly, and the polysaccharide content gradually increases with the extension of time. However, when it exceeds 30 min and the time is further extended, the change in the polysaccharide content is less.

[0033] Example 3 Preparation of Hericium erinaceus powder (1) Take dry Hericium erinaceus, crush it into fine powder, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, and mix evenly; (2) Place the Hericium erinaceus fine powder in a hot pressing steam treatment cabinet, evacuate the air, introduce hot pressing steam, and make the steam pressure in the cabinet reach 1.2 MPa, and maintain for 20 min. After hot pressing treatment, quickly release the steam to normal pressure within 3 min; (3) Dry the Hericium erinaceus fine powder after hot pressing treatment, and the drying temperature is 65 °C; (4) Ultra-finely crush the dried Hericium erinaceus fine powder with a vibration mill for 20 min to obtain Hericium erinaceus powder.

[0034] Conduct quality inspection on the prepared Hericium erinaceus powder. Its moisture content is 9.2%, the water-soluble extract is 60.1%, and the polysaccharide content is 9.8%; no particles larger than 30 µm are seen in the powder, meeting the requirements.

[0035] Comparative Example 1 Preparation of Hericium erinaceus powder (1) Take dry Hericium erinaceus, crush it into fine powder, pass through a 100-mesh sieve, and mix evenly; (2) Dry the Hericium erinaceus fine powder, and the drying temperature is 65 °C; (3) Ultra-finely crush the dried Hericium erinaceus fine powder with a vibration mill for 20 min to obtain Hericium erinaceus powder.

[0036] Conduct quality inspection on the prepared Hericium erinaceus powder. Its moisture content is 9.8%, the water-soluble extract is 23%, and the polysaccharide content is 3.6%; no particles larger than 30 µm are seen in the powder.

[0037] Example 4 Preparation of Hericium erinaceus powder composition Take 3 parts of Hericium erinaceus powder, 6 parts of honeysuckle, 3 parts of Scutellaria baicalensis, 6 parts of Coptis chinensis, and 6 parts of Cortex Fraxini by mass, and prepare capsules according to the following method: (1) Decoct honeysuckle, Scutellaria baicalensis, Coptis chinensis, and Cortex Fraxini twice with water. Add 8 times the amount of water for the first time and 6 times the amount of water for the second time. Decoct for 1 hour each time, filter, combine the decoction, and concentrate it to a concentrated solution with a relative density of 1.05 - 1.08. Spray-dry the concentrated solution to obtain spray-dried powder; (2) Mix the Hericium erinaceus powder, ginseng powder, and notoginseng powder with the spray-dried powder, and fill into capsules to obtain Composition 1.

[0038] Example 5 Preparation of Hericium erinaceus powder composition Take 5 parts of Hericium erinaceus powder, 4 parts of ginseng, 3 parts of Panax notoginseng, 4 parts of Polygala tenuifolia, and 4 parts of Alpinia oxyphylla by mass, and prepare capsules according to the following method: (1) Crush ginseng and Panax notoginseng into extremely fine powder; (2) Decoct Polygala tenuifolia and Alpinia oxyphylla twice with water. Add 8 times the amount of water for the first time and 6 times the amount of water for the second time. Decoct for 1 hour each time, filter, combine the decoction solutions, concentrate to a concentrated solution with a relative density of 1.05 - 1.08, and spray-dry the concentrated solution to obtain spray-dried powder; (3) Mix Hericium erinaceus powder, ginseng powder, Panax notoginseng powder and spray-dried powder, fill into capsules, and obtain Composition 2.

[0039] Example 6 Treatment of Hericium erinaceus powder on rats with Crohn's disease model 1. Grouping and administration Take 60 SD rats and randomly divide them into a blank control group, a model control group, a positive control group, a Hericium erinaceus powder group of Comparative Example 1, a Hericium erinaceus powder group of Example 3, and a Composition 1 group of Example 4, with 10 rats in each group. After grouping, all rats were fasted but given water for 24 h, and anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection of 5% chloral hydrate (0.5 mL / 100 g). After anesthesia, a rectal administration tube smeared with paraffin oil was slowly inserted 6 - 8 cm into the anus of the rats, and the other end of the administration tube was connected to a syringe for quantitative enema administration. Except for the blank control group, the rats in the other groups were enema with 5% 2,4,6-trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS) ethanol solution (0.4 mL / rat), and the blank control group was enema with an equal amount of normal saline injection. Lift the rat's tail and invert it for 1 min to make the enema solution fully contact the intestinal mucosa. After the modeling, the rats were raised routinely. Observe the body weight, activity status, diet, and stool conditions every day. When the rats showed loose stools, purulent and bloody stools, weight loss, listlessness, etc., it was considered that the modeling was successful. Starting from the 2nd day after modeling, the rats in each group were given intragastric administration. Administration dose: The sulfasalazine tablet (suspension, positive control group) group was 500 mg / kg, the Hericium erinaceus powder group of Example 3, the Hericium erinaceus powder group of Comparative Example 1, and the Composition 1 group of Example 4 (suspension) were 5 g / kg, and the blank control group and the model control group were respectively given normal saline by gavage. The administration volume of each group above was 1 mL / 100 g, administered once a day for 7 consecutive days.

[0040] 2. Observation indicators General conditions and disease activity index (DAI): After administration, the general conditions of the rats, such as mental activity status, hair color, and stress response, were observed daily. At the same time, the body weight change was recorded, the body weight loss rate was calculated, and the stool characteristics and fecal occult blood were observed. The body weight loss rate (%) = (pre-experiment body weight - post-modeling body weight) / pre-experiment body weight × 100%. The fecal occult blood was detected by the monoclonal antibody fecal occult blood detection method. Referring to the method in the literature "Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Chymotrypsin Combined with Xileisan on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Ulcerative Colitis" (Song Dongxu, He Hongqin, Zhang Wenling, Shao Qian, Li Yapei. Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Chymotrypsin Combined with Xileisan on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Ulcerative Colitis. Chinese Journal of Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine on Digestion, 2019, 27(3): 179-185), the disease DAI activity index (disease activity index, DAI) was scored as follows: DAI = (body weight loss score + stool character score + fecal occult blood score) / 3.

[0041] Table 3 Comparison of DAI scores of rats in each group Note: p <0.01, compared with the blank control group; ● p <0.05, ▲ p <0.01, compared with the model control group; ★ p <0.05, compared with the common Hericium erinaceus powder group.

[0042] It can be seen from the table that the DAI of the model control group increased significantly compared with that of the blank control group, indicating that the modeling was successful. The Hericium erinaceus powder in Comparative Example 1 had a certain effect on Crohn's disease. From the third day to the end of administration of Hericium erinaceus powder, there was a significant difference in DAI compared with the model group; the Hericium erinaceus powder in Example 3 had an obvious curative effect on Crohn's disease, and there was a significant difference compared with the model group from the second day of administration ( p <0.05), and there was a highly significant difference from the fifth day ( p <0.01), and there was a significant difference compared with the Hericium erinaceus powder group in Comparative Example 1 ( p <0.05); it shows that the present invention has an obvious effect on treating Crohn's disease.

[0043] Colon mucosa damage index (CMDI): After the last administration, the rats in each group were fasted for 24 hours without water deprivation. After being sacrificed by cervical dislocation, the entire colon was immediately dissected and removed. After rinsing with normal saline, the inflammation and ulcer conditions were observed. The CMDI score was performed according to the method in the literature "Study on the Effect and Mechanism of Chymotrypsin Combined with Xileisan on Intestinal Mucosal Barrier in Ulcerative Colitis". The results are shown in Table 4.

[0044] Table 4 CMDI scores of rats in each group Note: p <0.01, compared with the blank control group; ● p <0.05, ▲ p <0.01, compared with the model control group; ★ p <0.05, compared with the common Hericium erinaceus powder group.

[0045] As can be seen from Table 4, the CMDI score of the model rats was significantly higher than that of the blank control group, indicating that the model was successfully established. Comparing the Hericium erinaceus powder in Comparative Example 1 and the Hericium erinaceus powder in Example 3 with the model group, the CMDI score was significantly reduced, indicating that Hericium erinaceus powder has the effect of improving the damage of Crohn's disease to the colon mucosa. The Hericium erinaceus powder in Example 3 has a better effect, and there is a significant difference compared with the Hericium erinaceus powder in Comparative Example 1 ( p< 0.05).

[0046] The Expert Consensus on the Chinese Medicine Diagnosis and Treatment of Crohn's Disease (2024) (China Association of Chinese Medicine) believes that the key pathogenesis points of Crohn's disease are dampness-toxin accumulating in the intestine, damaging the intestinal collaterals, and blood stasis and rotten flesh forming ulcers. The pathological nature is mostly deficiency in origin and excess in superficiality. The deficiency in origin is the deficiency of the spleen and kidney, which is the internal cause of the disease, often accompanied by qi and blood deficiency; the excess in superficiality is attributed to dampness-toxin accumulation and qi and blood stasis. According to different syndrome types, Crohn's disease is divided into intestinal dampness-heat syndrome, dampness-heat and blood stasis syndrome, spleen deficiency and dampness accumulation syndrome, cold-heat complex syndrome, qi and blood deficiency syndrome, spleen and kidney yang deficiency syndrome, yin essence deficiency syndrome, etc. Among them, the intestinal dampness-heat syndrome is the most common. The Hericium erinaceus powder in Example 4 of the present invention invigorates the spleen and nourishes the stomach, and Scutellaria baicalensis, honeysuckle, Coptis chinensis, and Cortex Fraxini clear heat and detoxify, dry dampness and stop diarrhea. From the test results in Table 3 and Table 4, it can be seen that the composition has a good effect on the Crohn's disease model. From the results of animal experiments, it can be known that the effect of the composition has no significant difference from that of using Hericium erinaceus powder alone. However, the abdominal pain, fever, short and red urine, dry mouth, bitter taste, and bad breath that often appear in Crohn's disease with intestinal dampness-heat syndrome can be better treated with the composition, while using Hericium erinaceus powder alone cannot achieve the effect of treating other symptoms simultaneously.

[0047] Example 7 Effects of Hericium erinaceus powder and its composition on antioxidant and memory enhancement in elderly rats Forty 21-month-old male SD rats (weighing 485 g - 612 g) in good health were randomly divided into an old-age model group, an old-age model group + Hericium erinaceus powder of Example 3, an old-age model group + composition of Example 5, and an old-age model group + Hericium erinaceus powder of Comparative Example 1; another ten 6-month-old male SD rats were taken. The old-age model group and the young rat group were given purified water by gavage. The old-age model group + Hericium erinaceus powder of Example 3 group was given Hericium erinaceus powder at 0.3 g / kg by gavage (the Hericium erinaceus powder was suspended in an aqueous solution of 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the concentration in the Hericium erinaceus powder suspension was 0.1 g / mL). The old-age model group + composition of Example 5 was given the composition at 0.3 g / kg by gavage (the composition 2 was suspended in an aqueous solution of 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the concentration in the Hericium erinaceus powder suspension was 0.1 g / mL). The old-age model group + Hericium erinaceus powder of Comparative Example 1 group was given Hericium erinaceus powder at 0.3 g / kg by gavage (the Hericium erinaceus powder was suspended in an aqueous solution of 1% sodium carboxymethylcellulose, and the concentration in the Hericium erinaceus powder suspension was 0.1 g / mL). The administration was continued for 4 weeks, and the behavioral indexes and biochemical indexes of the rats in each group were tested.

[0048] Memory behavior test: The rats were subjected to a Y-type electric maze test according to the method in the literature "Experimental Methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology" (edited by Li Yikui, Experimental Methods of Traditional Chinese Medicine Pharmacology, Shanghai Science and Technology Press, 1991, 171 - 173).

[0049] Biochemical index SOD in liver tissue: After the rats completed the electric maze test, the livers were taken, and the SOD activity in the liver tissues of the rats in each group was measured by the hydroxylamine method according to the kit instructions.

[0050] Table 5 Results of maze experiments on rats with different treatments Note: Comparison between the old rat group and the young rat group p <0.05; ▲ Comparison with the old rat group p <0.05.

[0051] Table 6 SOD activity in liver tissues of rats in different treatment groups Note: Comparison between the old rat group and the young rat group p <0.05; ▲ Comparison with the old rat group p <0.05.

[0052] It can be seen from the test results that compared with young rats, the memory of old rats has significantly declined, and the ultrafine powder of common Hericium erinaceus cannot improve the memory of old rats; while the processed Hericium erinaceus powder and the composition containing Hericium erinaceus powder can significantly increase the memory of old rats and also improve the activity of SOD in the liver tissue of rats.

[0053] This application can have various changes and alterations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of this application shall be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A method for preparing Hericium erinaceus powder, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Hericium erinaceus powder is treated with hot-pressed steam and then rapidly released from the pressure; (2) drying the Hericium erinaceus powder obtained in step (1); (3) Ultrafinely pulverizing the Hericium erinaceus powder obtained in step (2) to obtain Hericium erinaceus powder.

2. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the fineness of the Hericium erinaceus powder is sieved through a 100-mesh sieve; In step (1), the pressure of the hot-pressed steam is 1.2 MPa-2.0 MPa; the treatment time is 20 min-40 min; In step (1), the pressure is released within 10 minutes to normal pressure; In step (2), the drying temperature is not higher than 80°C; the drying method is selected from natural drying, oven drying, microwave drying or freeze drying; In step (3), the particle size range of ultrafine grinding is 2μm-30μm; ultrafine grinding is selected from air flow grinding, vibration ultrafine grinding, ball milling ultrafine grinding, hammer ultrafine grinding or self-grinding ultrafine grinding.

3. The preparation method according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step (1), the pressure of the hot-pressed steam is 1.2 MPa-1.8 MPa; the treatment time is 20 min-30 min; and the pressure is released to normal pressure within 3 min.

4. A hericium erinaceus powder obtained by the preparation method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The moisture content shall not be higher than 13.0%, the water-soluble extract shall not be less than 50.0%, and the polysaccharide content shall not be less than 8.0%; the particles larger than 30µm in the powder shall not exceed 10%, and there shall be no particles larger than 40µm.

5. Use of the hericium erinaceus powder as claimed in claim 4 in preparing food, health products for anti-oxidation and memory improvement, and medicines for treating senile memory loss and Crohn's disease.

6. A composition comprising the Hericium erinaceus powder as claimed in claim 4, characterized in that: The method comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 3-6 parts of Hericium erinaceus powder, 2-6 parts of Ginseng, 1-3 parts of Panax notoginseng, 2-6 parts of Polygala tenuifolia, and 2-6 parts of Alpinia oxyphylla; or, 1-3 parts of Hericium erinaceus powder, 2-6 parts of honeysuckle, 1-3 parts of scutellaria baicalensis, 2-6 parts of coptis chinensis, and 2-6 parts of qinpi.

7. A method for preparing the composition according to claim 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (S1) Polygala tenuifolia and Alpinia oxyphylla were decocted twice, the decoctions were combined and spray-dried to obtain spray-dried powder; (S2) Grinding ginseng and Panax notoginseng into extremely fine powder to obtain mixed powder; (S3) mixing the Hericium erinaceus powder, the spray-dried powder and the mixed powder to obtain a composition; or, (s1) Flos Lonicerae, Root of Scutellariae, Rhizoma Coptidis and Cortex Fragrantis were decocted twice, the decoctions were combined and spray-dried to obtain spray-dried powder; (s2) mixing the Hericium erinaceus powder and the mixed powder uniformly to obtain a composition.

8. The preparation method according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step (S1) or (s1), 8 times the amount of water is added for the first decoction, and 6 times the amount of water is added for the second decoction, and each decoction is performed for 1 hour; the decoction is concentrated to a relative density of 1.05-1.08 at 60° C. before spraying; In step (S2), the ultrafine powder can all pass through the No. 8 sieve, and contains no less than 95% of the powder that can pass through the No. 9 sieve.

9. The use according to claim 5, The composition according to claim 6, characterized in that The food, health product, medicine and composition also contain food or pharmaceutically acceptable excipients; The food is rice paste and biscuits; The dosage form of the health care product or medicine is selected from powder, granule, tablet or capsule.

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