Water curtain protection system for ship cargo place

Abstract

The invention relates to a water curtain protection system for a ship cargo place, which is characterized in that cargo hold pillars or structural members in a cargo hold are used as end points, a plurality of rectangular water curtain protection areas are distributed in the plane of the cargo hold in an array manner, a spraying header pipe and two spraying branch pipes are vertically arranged beside each pillar or structural member, and the two spraying branch pipes are spaced by 180 degrees; a 90-degree angle is formed between the spray pipe and the spray header pipe; the spraying header pipe is communicated with the side walls of the spraying branch pipes through short pipes at certain intervals; one to four spray heads are arranged on the spray branch pipes at certain intervals, and the spray directions of the spray heads on the two spray branch pipes are opposite. The main pipe and the branch pipes are vertically arranged at specific positions and carry out lateral water spraying or water mist spraying, a plurality of water curtain protection areas distributed in an array mode are constructed, the water curtain protection areas are arranged in combination with ship bulkheads or supporting columns, the water curtain protection areas are not directly related to the ship length or the ship width, and expansibility is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a water curtain protection system for a ship's cargo space, belonging to the technical field of ship water curtain protection systems. Background Art

[0002] The design of a ship's cargo hold is mainly based on the characteristics of the cargo to be carried, and the volume or area of the cargo hold is arranged as large as possible in order to improve the economy of cargo transportation. For example, the ro-ro space or special space of a ro-ro ship, the container cargo hold of a container ship, the refrigerated space of a refrigerated ship, etc., the cargo holds all have the characteristics of large area or large volume. In recent years, among major ship accidents, 15 - 20% of the accidents are still caused by fires. Coupled with the transportation of new types of cargo such as lithium batteries and new energy vehicles, in the ship transportation environment, the fire risks, hazards and disposal measures they may bring are not yet perfect, and there have been many fire accidents in recent years. Although the International Maritime Organization, classification societies or other organizations and institutions have fully recognized this situation, there are still problems such as poor fire extinguishing effect, occupying a large amount of space and reducing the loading rate of cargo or vehicles, and consuming too much water. Therefore, there is currently no good or recognized protection measure or solution.

[0003] The hazards and losses caused by a fire are not only due to the goods where the fire occurs, but mainly due to the further expanding impact on the surrounding goods, equipment or spaces after the fire spreads. And water curtain protection has a certain effect on slowing down the spread of the fire to the surrounding spaces.

[0004] Water curtain protection is mainly applicable to large-area spaces, such as ro-ro spaces, special spaces or refrigerated spaces that run through the shipyard or the ship's width direction. Through pipelines arranged on the cabin top and water spray or water mist nozzles arranged in a straight line at appropriate intervals, when a fire is detected, a large amount of water can be manually or automatically released from the nozzles to form a virtual planar "protective water wall" on the release surface. When a jet fire or the fire spreads through this "protective water wall", the flame contacts the small water droplets, and the small water droplets quickly absorb the heat in the flame, reducing the delay and the heat transfer of the flame to the other side of the "protective water wall", thereby protecting the goods on the other side from being affected by the flame or high-temperature smoke on the fire side and even being ignited and causing unpredictable spread.

[0005] Currently, water curtain protection can be released from the top or the bottom, and mostly uses the "protective water wall" formed by water spray or water mist.

[0006] For the top-release water curtain protection system, a water curtain protection system with fixed pipelines and nozzles is set at the top of the cargo hold on this layer at a predetermined distance. The layout of the spray pipelines in this layout plan needs to pass through the cross beams on the top of the hold or be arranged below the cross beams, which may reduce the net height of the cargo hold; when there is a movable deck, when changing the position of the movable deck according to the requirements of different loading vehicle types, the crew may need to reconnect the branch pipes and the main pipe; if the protected area is large, it may not be able to effectively slow down the spread of the fire; if a large amount of water is not drained in time, it may generate a free surface and affect the stability of the ship; the water flows from top to bottom, and it cannot effectively cool the battery pack at the chassis of the electric vehicle, etc.

[0007] For the bottom-release water curtain protection system, the layout of the spray pipelines in this layout method may adopt fixed pipelines or movable pipelines. If fixed pipelines are adopted, the pipeline layout may affect the normal loading and unloading of vehicles; the concave layout will also affect the daily cleaning and structural design; the nozzles may also be blocked by dust or other particles, etc. If movable pipelines are adopted, the crew may need to release the water curtain protection belt, wasting valuable rescue time in the initial stage of the fire; additional passages need to be considered for vehicle loading to facilitate the operation of the crew; the water curtain protection belt of the movable deck also needs to be stored in an appropriate position; it is not easy to make the water curtain protection belt too long, otherwise it is not convenient for storage, etc. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the drawbacks of the prior art, the water curtain protection system of the present invention mainly utilizes the structural layout in the cargo hold, with a small amount of water, to form a small water curtain protection area through planar water spraying or the formation of a water mist trajectory, and can be automatically released in the initial stage of the fire to prevent or slow down the spread and diffusion of the fire in the protected area and control the impact of the fire.

[0009] The present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] A water curtain protection system for a ship's cargo space takes the cargo hold pillars or structural members 5 in the cargo hold as endpoints, and arrays and distributes the cargo hold plane into a plurality of rectangular water curtain protection areas. A main spray pipe 3 and two spray branch pipes 4 are vertically arranged beside each pillar or structural member 5. The two spray branch pipes 4 are separated by 180°, and are separated from the main spray pipe 3 by 90°; at regular intervals on the main spray pipe 3, it is communicated with the side wall of the spray branch pipe 4 through a short pipe; at regular intervals on the spray branch pipe 4, 1-4 nozzles 1 are arranged, and the spraying directions of the nozzles 1 on the two spray branch pipes 4 are opposite.

[0011] Preferably, an automatic control valve 2 is provided on each short pipe.

[0012] Preferably, a movable deck is provided in each water curtain protection area in the cargo hold.

[0013] Preferably, the spraying direction of the nozzle 1 is parallel to the boundary of the rectangular water curtain protection area.

[0014] Preferably, two nozzles 1 spaced 90° apart are arranged at regular intervals on each of the spray branch pipes 4, and the spraying directions of the nozzles 1 on the two spray branch pipes 4 are opposite.

[0015] Furthermore, the automatic control valve 2 is independently controlled by a control center, and the control center opens the automatic control valve 2 within the associated range area according to the fire alarm signal fed back by the corresponding water curtain protection area.

[0016] Preferably, the nozzle 1 is selected as a spray head or a water mist nozzle according to different needs, and the sprayed water forms water droplets with different ranges and different particle sizes by using different spray heads or water mist nozzles.

[0017] Furthermore, the heights of the nozzles 1 on the two spray branch pipes 4 are staggered to form a relatively "tight" protection surface as much as possible.

[0018] Furthermore, the automatic control valve 2 can also be manually operated and is not set at a height convenient for crew members to operate.

[0019] Furthermore, the positions of the spray main pipe 3, the spray branch pipes 4 and the automatic control valve 2 are as close as possible to the struts or bulkheads 5, and anti-collision protection measures are provided between them and the struts or bulkheads 5.

[0020] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0021] 1) The main pipe and the branch pipes are vertically arranged at specific positions and perform lateral water spraying or water mist spraying to construct multiple water curtain protection areas distributed in an array. Combined with the layout of ship bulkheads or struts, it has no direct relation with the ship length or ship width and has good expandability;

[0022] 2) The spray branch pipes are designed in zones, and multiple rows of nozzles can be arranged on a single vertical branch pipe. For the double-layer water curtain layout, the positions of the nozzles on both sides are staggered and the spraying directions are opposite, which can achieve a better coverage area;

[0023] 3) The positions of the spray branch pipes and the nozzles and the spraying paths are not affected by the height position of the movable deck and can all work effectively;

[0024] 4) Since the water curtain protection areas are divided, the automatic control valve can be associated with the fire alarm devices in the corresponding water curtain protection areas, so that the corresponding spraying range can be opened according to the associated range, and the fire extinguishing and fire prevention are more targeted. The protected area is smaller, and the sprayed water volume is reduced.

[0025] 5) Make full use of the layout of the cargo holds (such as roll-on / roll-off spaces, special spaces, and refrigerated cargo holds, etc.), and utilize the hull, transverse or longitudinal bulkheads, and pillars to arrange lateral water spray or water mist branch pipes, without occupying the upper or lower space of the cargo hold.

[0026] 6) The position of the lower nozzles can effectively mitigate the impact of the jet fire and high-temperature smoke below the cargo (such as the chassis of an electric vehicle).

[0027] 7) The automatically released water curtain protection can act in the initial stage of a fire to reduce the risk of fire spread and diffusion.

[0028] 8) The design of the multi-row nozzle type spray branch pipes can effectively reduce the layout of the spray branch pipes and the risk of collision.

[0029] 9) Whether for fixed decks or movable decks, the spraying requirements can be met without hose connection or crew adjustment. Description of the Drawings

[0030] Figure 1 is a typical (one embodiment) cargo hold floor plan where the water curtain protection system for the ship's cargo space of the present invention is located.

[0031] Figure 2 is Figure 1 an enlarged view of area A in

[0032] Figure 3 is a typical (one embodiment) top view of the spray pipe node.

[0033] Figure 4 is a typical (one embodiment) transverse sectional view of the cargo hold where the water curtain protection system for the ship's cargo space of the present invention is located (viewed from the bow to the stern).

[0034] Figure 5 is Figure 4 a partial enlarged view in

[0035] In the figure, 1. nozzle, 2. automatic control valve, 3. spray main pipe, 4. spray branch pipe, 5. cargo hold pillar or structural member. Detailed Embodiment

[0036] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0037] Refer to Figure 1 , Figure 1 which is a water curtain protection floor plan of a cargo hold in a typical roll-on / roll-off space. In the figure, the cargo hold area is divided into 9 rectangular protected areas according to the layout positions of the bulkheads and pillars.

[0038] Utilize the structural layout inside the cargo hold. For example, install sprinkler mains around the pillars in the roll-on / roll-off area or around the bulkheads, and lead out sprinkler branch pipes to different protected areas or different cargo hold decks respectively. The sprinkler branch pipes are arranged vertically, and several sprinkler heads are set along the height direction. When released, multiple horizontal staggered water columns can be generated through the sprinkler heads to form a water curtain protection surface. Each water curtain protected area can be composed of 1, 2, 3, 4, etc. independent water curtain protected areas.

[0039] Combined with Figures 2-3 , an automatic control valve 2 is installed on the sprinkler branch pipe 4, which can automatically release the water curtain system in this protected area after detecting the fire alarm in this protected area.

[0040] The sprinkler water can form water droplets with different ranges and different particle sizes by using different sprinkler heads or water mist nozzles. The distance between the sprinkler heads can be determined through tests according to the width requirement of the "protective water wall". In order to meet the requirement of the protection width, each "water wall" can be formed by spraying from 1 or 2 sprinkler branch pipes on the left and right. The height positions of the left and right sprinkler heads can be arranged staggeredly to form a relatively "tight" protection surface as much as possible. For details, please refer to Appendix Figure 4 and 5 .

[0041] In order to reduce the layout of the sprinkler branch pipes, 1 - 4 rows of nozzles can be set on each vertical sprinkler branch pipe as needed, and the sprinkler water columns can be released simultaneously or separately in 1 - 4 directions. For details, please refer to Figure 2 and 3 Typical sprinkler pipe node diagrams.

[0042] The spraying water volume can be determined through tests or simulations according to the nozzle specifications, spraying trajectories, and plane coverage rates. If possible, try to use water mist nozzles to reduce the demand for water volume.

[0043] The sprinkler control valve should be arranged at a height convenient for the crew to operate.

[0044] The positions of the sprinkler main pipe, sprinkler branch pipes, and sprinkler valves should be as close as possible to the pillars or bulkheads. If necessary, certain anti-collision protection measures should be set.

[0045] The sprinkler water can be seawater or fresh water.

[0046] The present invention utilizes the structural layout inside the cargo hold (such as pillars and bulkheads), generates small water curtain protected areas formed by water spray or water mist trajectories by spraying seawater or fresh water, and can automatically release in the initial stage of a fire to prevent or slow down the spread and diffusion of the fire in the protected area and control the impact of the fire.

[0047] The present invention provides a water curtain protection system for a ship's cargo space, which makes full use of the existing layout and space in the cargo hold, without increasing the extra storey height of the ship and without reducing the loading rate of lithium batteries and new energy vehicles, without imposing additional operating requirements on the crew, and further enhancing the safety of cargo transportation; the main pipe and branch pipes are vertically arranged at specific positions and perform lateral water spraying or water mist spraying to construct multiple water curtain protection areas distributed in an array, which is combined with the ship's bulkhead or pillar layout and has no direct relation with the ship length or ship width, and has good expandability; the partitioned design of the spray branch pipes enables multiple rows of nozzles to be arranged on a single vertical branch pipe. For the water curtain layout with double protection, the positions of the nozzles on both sides are staggered and the spraying directions are opposite, which can achieve a better coverage area; the positions of the spray branch pipes and nozzles and the spraying path are not affected by the height position of the movable deck and can all work effectively; since the water curtain protection areas are divided, the automatic control valve can be associated with the fire alarm device in the corresponding water curtain protection area, so as to open the corresponding spraying range according to the associated range, and the fire extinguishing and fire prevention are more targeted. The protected area is small, reducing the amount of sprayed water.

Claims

1. A water curtain protection system for a ship cargo space, characterized in that: With the cargo hold pillars or structural members (5) in the cargo hold as endpoints, the cargo hold plane is arrayed into a plurality of rectangular water curtain protection areas, and a main spray pipe (3) and two branch spray pipes (4) are vertically arranged on the side of each pillar or structural member (5), and the two branch spray pipes (4) are 180 degrees apart and 90 degrees apart from the main spray pipe (3); The spray main pipe (3) is connected to the side wall of the spray branch pipe (4) through short pipes at regular intervals; One to four spray heads (1) are arranged at regular intervals on the spray branch pipe (4), and the spray directions of the spray heads (1) on the two spray branch pipes (4) are opposite.

2. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each of the short pipes is provided with an automatic control valve (2).

3. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are movable decks in each water curtain protection area in the cargo hold.

4. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spraying direction of the spray head (1) is parallel to the boundary of the rectangular water curtain protection area.

5. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of ships according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two spray heads (1) separated by 90 degrees are arranged on the spray branch pipe (4) at a certain interval, and the spray heads (1) on the two spray branch pipes (4) have opposite spray directions.

6. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic control valve (2) is independently controlled by a control center, and the control center opens the automatic control valve (2) in the associated range area according to the fire alarm signal fed back from the corresponding water curtain protection area.

7. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of a ship according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spray head (1) can be selected as a spray head or a water mist spray head according to different needs. The spray water forms water droplets with different ranges and different particle sizes by using different spray heads or water mist spray heads.

8. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of a ship according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nozzles (1) on the two spray branch pipes (4) are arranged at staggered heights to form a more "tight" protection surface as much as possible.

9. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of ships according to claim 2, characterized in that: The automatic control valve (2) can also be manually operated and is not at a height that is convenient for crew members to operate.

10. The water curtain protection system for cargo spaces of a ship according to claim 2, characterized in that: The positions of the spray main pipe (3), the spray branch pipe (4) and the automatic control valve (2) are as close to the pillar or bulkhead (5) as possible, and anti-collision protection measures are provided between the pillar or bulkhead (5).

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