Efficient production line for multi-station continuous machining of bolt fasteners

Abstract

The efficient production line comprises a base, L-shaped frames are fixedly installed at the two ends of the upper surface of the base, three first double-shaft motors are fixedly installed in the two L-shaped frames, and the ends of output shafts at the two ends of the three first double-shaft motors are fixedly connected with threaded rods; the threaded rod is rotationally installed in the guide groove, the guide groove is formed in the lower surface in the L-shaped frame, the cold heading mechanism is installed on the outer surface of the threaded rod in a threaded mode, and the cold heading mechanism slides in the guide groove at the same time, so that the cold heading mechanism can be driven to slide back and forth in the guide groove through rotation of the threaded rod. And therefore, the distance between the cold heading mechanism and the forming rotation mechanism can be regulated and controlled. Through the design of the forming rotation mechanism, cold heading operation on the column piece can be automatically completed in the rotation process of automatic feeding and discharging, continuity of the production process is achieved, frequent manual intervention in the feeding link and the discharging link is not needed, and the pause time in production is shortened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bolt cold heading production, and specifically to an efficient production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners. Background Art

[0002] The cold heading process is one of the few new processes for metal pressure processing by cutting. It is a processing method that utilizes the plastic deformation of metal under the action of external force and, with the aid of a die, redistributes and transfers the metal volume to form the required parts or blanks. The cold heading process is most suitable for producing standard fasteners such as bolts, screws, nuts, rivets, and pins.

[0003] For example, the Chinese patent with the publication number CN213002909U discloses a blanking device for bolt fastener processing, including a conveying frame, a cutting mechanism, a receiving box, and a feeding mechanism. The conveying frame and the receiving box are respectively located on the left and right sides of the cutting mechanism, and the feeding mechanism is installed at the top of the conveying frame; the top of the conveying frame is longitudinally provided with rotating shafts at intervals. The front and rear ends of the rotating shafts are respectively rotationally connected to the front and rear side walls of the conveying frame through first bearings. Guide wheels are fixedly sleeved on the rotating shafts at corresponding positions at intervals. A V-shaped guide groove is provided in the middle of the guide wheels; the cutting mechanism includes a cutting seat, a cutting die, a hydraulic cylinder, and a cutting knife; the feeding mechanism includes a top plate, a first screw rod, a motor, a sliding seat, and a feeding rod. The present invention improves the problems in the prior art that when the blanking device performs blanking, the manual feeding by workers has a high labor intensity, and only one steel bar can be blanked at a time, resulting in low blanking efficiency. The present invention has the advantages of automatic feeding, reducing the labor intensity of workers, and improving the blanking efficiency.

[0004] However, the above-mentioned cold heading device of the cold heading machine for bolt fastener processing cannot perform multi-station cold heading forming on the columnar parts during the rotation process of loading and unloading. Multi-station cold heading forming can gradually and precisely process the columnar parts at different stations. Each station focuses on a specific forming step, which helps to improve the accuracy and quality stability of the product. However, the above-mentioned device cannot perform multi-station cold heading forming during the rotation process of loading and unloading, and can only perform cold heading at a fixed single station. As a result, due to the large deformation amount in a single cold heading, the dimensional accuracy and surface quality of the product fluctuate greatly, making it difficult to ensure the consistency of product quality, thereby increasing the rejection rate and the difficulty of quality control. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an efficient production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners to solve the problem in the above-mentioned background art that multi-station cold heading forming cannot be performed on the columnar parts during the rotation process of loading and unloading.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0007] An efficient production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners, comprising: a base, on both ends of the upper surface of the base are fixedly installed L-shaped frames, and three first double-shaft motors are fixedly installed inside the two groups of L-shaped frames. The output shaft ends of both ends of the three first double-shaft motors are fixedly connected to threaded rods, and the threaded rods are rotatably installed in guide grooves. The guide grooves are opened on the lower inner surface of the L-shaped frames. A cold heading mechanism is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the threaded rods, and the cold heading mechanism slides in the guide grooves at the same time, so that the cold heading mechanism can be driven to slide back and forth in the guide grooves by the rotation of the threaded rods, and further the distance between the cold heading mechanism and the forming wheel mechanism can be adjusted. The forming wheel mechanism is fixedly installed at one end of the output shaft of the second double-shaft motor, and the second double-shaft motor is fixedly installed in an installation groove. The installation groove is opened at one end of the L-shaped frame. A storage hopper is connected and installed at one end of the filling port of the forming wheel mechanism. The lower surface of the storage hopper is fixedly installed with support columns, and the support columns are fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. Column parts are stored in the storage hopper, so that the storage hopper can guide the column parts stored inside into the forming wheel mechanism, and the column parts stored in the forming wheel mechanism will be driven by the second double-shaft motor to be flush with the cold heading mechanism.

[0008] Preferably, receiving plates are fixedly installed at both ends of the lower surfaces of the two groups of L-shaped frames, and the receiving plates are located at the lower outer surface of the forming wheel mechanism, so that after the cold heading mechanism forges the column parts stored in the forming wheel mechanism into a bolt shape, it can freely fall into the receiving plates as the subsequent rotation proceeds.

[0009] Preferably, the cold heading mechanism comprises three guide blocks, and the three guide blocks are respectively threadedly installed on the outer surfaces of the two threaded rods and slide in the three guide grooves. A connecting block is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the guide block, a limiting groove is opened on the lower surface of the connecting block, and a butting block is slidably installed in the limiting groove. A cold heading head is fixedly installed at one end of the butting block, so that the three butting blocks can drive the three cold heading heads to perform different cold heading operations on the column parts respectively.

[0010] Preferably, a pushing plate is rotatably installed at one end of the butting block, the other end of the pushing plate is rotatably installed with an L-shaped plate, the L-shaped plate is rotatably installed in the limiting groove through the middle part, and the other end of the L-shaped plate is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod. The other end of the hydraulic rod is rotatably installed at one end of the L-shaped frame, so that the L-shaped plate can push the middle part to rotate and push the pushing plate in the limiting groove through the pushing of the hydraulic rod, and further the pushing plate can push the butting block to slide in the limiting groove.

[0011] Preferably, the forming rotation mechanism includes a turntable fixedly installed at one end of the output shaft of the second dual-shaft motor. A U-shaped ring is sleeved on the outer surface of the turntable. A cold heading table is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the U-shaped ring. The cold heading table is slidably attached to the upper end of the outer surface of the turntable and is fixedly installed at the inner end of the L-shaped frame.

[0012] Preferably, a plurality of groups of equally spaced embedded grooves are formed on the outer surface of the turntable. A U-shaped block is slidably installed in the embedded groove. A first semi-circular groove is formed at one end of the U-shaped block. The first semi-circular groove can be driven by the second dual-shaft motor through the turntable to be flush with the second semi-circular groove and assembled into a complete circular groove flush with the cold heading head. The groove diameter depth of the first semi-circular groove is larger than that of the second semi-circular groove.

[0013] Preferably, a feed inlet and a discharge outlet are respectively formed at both ends of the outer surface of the U-shaped ring. The feed inlet and the discharge outlet can be driven to be flush with the first semi-circular groove as the turntable rotates. The feed inlet is communicated with the storage hopper.

[0014] Preferably, a ring groove is formed between the turntable and the U-shaped ring, and the spacing of the ring groove is equal to the groove diameter depth of the second semi-circular groove, so that the columnar member entering the first semi-circular groove can be prevented from falling out through the top contact of the ring groove. A reserved groove is embedded on the inner ring wall of the U-shaped ring, and the reserved groove can allow the hexagon head formed by cold heading to slide therein.

[0015] Preferably, inclined sliding surfaces are fixedly installed at both ends of the inner ring wall of the U-shaped ring. The inclined sliding surfaces are gradually extended into the ring groove. When the columnar member is driven to slide near the inclined sliding surface through the first semi-circular groove, the columnar member can be pressed by the inclined sliding surface to slide into the embedded groove through the first semi-circular groove.

[0016] Preferably, a plug post is fixedly installed at one end of the U-shaped block. The plug post can be pressed to slide into the docking groove. The docking groove is formed at one end of the embedded groove. A spring is sleeved on the outer surface of the plug post. The two ends of the spring are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped block and one end of the docking groove.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0018] 1. Through the design of the first dual-axis motor, the second dual-axis motor, the threaded rod, the cold heading mechanism and the forming rotation mechanism, during use, the staff can fill multiple sets of columnar parts into the storage hopper. Subsequently, the second dual-axis motor can be started to drive the forming rotation mechanism to rotate sequentially by 30°. Until the first semi-circular groove opened on the outer surface of the forming rotation mechanism is flush with the storage hopper, the columnar parts stored in the storage hopper can automatically roll into the first semi-circular groove of the forming rotation mechanism. Subsequently, with each 30° rotation of the forming rotation mechanism, the forming rotation mechanism can drive the columnar parts to be flush with the cold heading mechanism in sequence. Until after three 30° rotations, the cold heading mechanism can perform multi-station cold heading forming operations on the columnar parts. And the bolts formed by cold heading can fall into the receiving plate along with the rotation of the forming rotation mechanism and be guided into the storage box placed at the lower end for centralized storage. Furthermore, the columnar parts can perform multi-station cold heading forming operations during the rotation process of automatic feeding and discharging. When the forming rotation mechanism rotates one week, multiple columnar parts can be continuously cold headed, which is as efficient as an assembly line operation and is especially suitable for large-scale bolt production. Among them, the multi-station cold heading forming can gradually and precisely process the columnar parts at different stations, and each station focuses on a specific forming step, which helps to improve the accuracy and quality stability of the product. And through the integrated operation of automatic feeding, discharging and multi-station cold heading forming, the production process becomes more standardized and normalized, enabling production management personnel to more conveniently monitor and manage the production progress and the operating status of the equipment.

[0019] 2. Through the design of hydraulic rods, L-shaped plates, pushing plates, bumping blocks, cold heading dies, first double-shaft motors, threaded rods, and guiding blocks, every time the forming rotation mechanism is driven by the second double-shaft motor to rotate by 30°, the forming rotation mechanism can drive the columnar part to be precisely flush with the cold heading die. And during this process, every time the second double-shaft motor rotates by 30°, three groups of hydraulic rods will be synchronously started to push the L-shaped plate to rotate in the limiting groove through the middle section. When the L-shaped plate rotates in the limiting groove through the middle section, it will push the pushing plate together, and then the pushing plate can drive the cold heading die at one end of the bumping block to cold head the columnar part until after the second double-shaft motor rotates three times by 30°, the columnar part can be cold headed and processed into different shapes by three different cold heading dies, enabling it to complete complex cold heading processing in a continuous process, improving production efficiency, reducing manual intervention, lowering labor intensity. And before cold heading the columnar part, by starting the first double-shaft motor to drive the threaded rod to thread-drive the guiding block to slide back and forth in the guiding groove, the guiding block can drive the connecting block sliding inside to approach or move away from the forming rotation mechanism, thus realizing the adjustment of the distance between the cold heading die and the forming rotation mechanism, thereby changing the cold heading stroke of the cold heading die on the columnar part, so as to adapt to the cold heading processing requirements of various different specifications of columnar parts. For longer columnar parts, the distance can be increased to provide sufficient cold heading stroke; for shorter columnar parts, the distance is reduced to ensure accurate cold heading operation, greatly improving the versatility and application range of the equipment. And by precisely adjusting the distance to change the cold heading stroke, the cold heading die can apply just the right pressure and deformation amount to the columnar part, avoiding excessive deformation and damage of the columnar part due to too large a stroke, or being unable to reach the required shape and dimensional accuracy due to too small a stroke, thus contributing to the production of higher-precision and more stable fastener products such as bolts, enhancing the competitiveness of the enterprise's products.

[0020] 3. Through the design of the turntable, U-shaped block, first semi-circular groove, U-shaped ring, cold heading table, second semi-circular groove, feeding port, and discharging port, during use, the staff can fill multiple groups of columnar parts into the storage hopper, and then start the second double-shaft motor to drive the turntable to rotate successively by 30°. Then the turntable can drive the first semi-circular groove opened at one end of the U-shaped block slidingly installed in the embedded groove to rotate. Until the first semi-circular groove opened on the outer surface of the U-shaped block driven by the turntable is flush with the storage hopper, the columnar parts stored in the storage hopper can automatically roll into the first semi-circular groove.

[0021] Subsequently, as the turntable rotates 30° again, the column in the first semicircular groove can be brought into the annular groove, and the spacing of the annular grooves is equal to the groove diameter depth of the second semicircular groove, so that the column entering the first semicircular groove can be prevented from falling out by the top contact of the annular groove, until the turntable drives the column in the first semicircular groove to touch one end of the inclined sliding surface, the column can be compressed by the C-shaped block to slide into the embedded groove and press on one end of the spring at the same time, so that the spring can apply a spring thrust to the C-shaped block, until the turntable drives the first semicircular groove to rotate 30° again, so that the One semicircular groove is flush with the second semicircular groove opened at one end of the cold heading table, so that the U-shaped block can drive the first semicircular groove to pop out again through the elastic thrust applied by the spring and splice with the second semicircular groove to form a circular groove, and at the same time, it will also drive the column in the first semicircular groove to fit into the circular groove formed by the splicing and be flush with the cold heading head. After the initial cold heading, the turntable can drive the column in the first semicircular groove to touch the second semicircular groove again, and the groove diameter depth of the first semicircular groove is greater than that of the second semicircular groove, so that the column can stay in the first semicircular groove and be compressed into the embedded groove until it rotates to align with the second group of second After the semicircular grooves are flush, the first semicircular groove can be popped out again through the U-shaped block to be assembled with the second group of second semicircular grooves, so that the column that has undergone preliminary cold heading can be flush with the second group of cold heading heads, and this process is repeated until the column is cold forged three times and then it can be driven to be flush with the discharge port, so that the bolts formed by cold heading can fall into the upper end of the receiving plate. Through multiple 30° rotations of the turntable, the column can be aligned with different cold heading heads and second semicircular grooves in turn, realizing three different stages of cold heading processing. This progressive multi-station cold heading method can gradually form the column. The deformation amount of each cold heading is relatively small, which helps to reduce the stress concentration and deformation defects of the material, improve the molding quality and mechanical properties of the product, and automatically complete the cold heading operation of the column during the rotation of automatic feeding and discharging, realizing the continuity of the production process. There is no need for frequent manual intervention in the loading and unloading links, which reduces the downtime in production and greatly improves the production efficiency per unit time. For example, traditional cold heading equipment may require manual intermittent loading, while this device can perform cold heading while feeding, so that the equipment is always in a high-load operation state and the output is greatly improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall top view structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the overall bottom-up structure of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first dual-axis motor and the second dual-axis motor of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4It is a schematic diagram of the rotating structure between the collision block, the pushing plate and the L-shaped plate of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 It is a structural schematic diagram of the cold heading mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 It is a schematic structural diagram of three groups of cold heading heads of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the storage hopper and the feed port being connected to each other according to the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 It is a structural schematic diagram of the discharge port of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 It is a structural schematic diagram of the inclined sliding surface of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 10 It is a schematic structural diagram of the first semicircular groove and the second semicircular groove of the present invention.

[0032] In the figure: 1. base; 101. L-shaped frame; 102. support column; 103. receiving plate; 104. storage hopper; 105. mounting groove; 106. second double-axis motor; 107. first double-axis motor; 108. threaded rod; 109. guide groove; 2. cold heading mechanism; 201. hydraulic rod; 202. L-shaped plate; 203. push plate; 204. impact block; 205. cold heading head; 206. connecting block; 20 7. Guide block; 208. Limiting groove; 3. Forming rotation mechanism; 301. Cold heading table; 302. Turntable; 303. C-shaped ring; 304. Inclined sliding surface; 305. First semicircular groove; 306. Ring groove; 307. Reserved groove; 308. Feed inlet; 309. Discharge outlet; 310. C-shaped block; 311. Spring; 312. Insert column; 313. Embedded groove; 314. Docking groove; 315. Second semicircular groove. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] like Figures 1 - 3As shown in the figure, this embodiment provides an efficient production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners, including: a base 1, with L-shaped frames 101 fixedly installed at both ends of the upper surface of the base 1. Three first double-shaft motors 107 are fixedly installed inside the two groups of L-shaped frames 101. The output shaft ends at both ends of the three first double-shaft motors 107 are fixedly connected to threaded rods 108. The threaded rods 108 are rotatably installed in guide grooves 109. The guide grooves 109 are opened on the lower inner surface of the L-shaped frames 101. A cold heading mechanism 2 is threadedly installed on the outer surface of the threaded rods 108, and the cold heading mechanism 2 slides in the guide grooves 109 at the same time. In this way, the cold heading mechanism 2 can be driven to slide back and forth in the guide grooves 109 by the rotation of the threaded rods 108, and further the distance between the cold heading mechanism 2 and the forming wheel replacement mechanism 3 can be adjusted. The forming wheel replacement mechanism 3 is fixedly installed at one end of the output shaft of the second double-shaft motor 106. The second double-shaft motor 106 is fixedly installed in the installation groove 105. The installation groove 105 is opened at one end of the L-shaped frame 101. A storage hopper 104 is connected and installed at one end of the filler port of the forming wheel replacement mechanism 3. The lower surface of the storage hopper 104 is fixedly installed with a support column 102. The support column 102 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1. Columns are stored in the storage hopper 104. In this way, the storage hopper 104 can guide the columns stored inside into the forming wheel replacement mechanism 3. The columns stored in the forming wheel replacement mechanism 3 will be driven by the second double-shaft motor 106 to be flush with the cold heading mechanism 2. Receiving plates 103 are fixedly installed at both ends of the lower surface of the two groups of L-shaped frames 101. The receiving plates 103 are located at the lower end of the outer surface of the forming wheel replacement mechanism 3. In this way, after the cold heading mechanism 2 forges the columns stored in the forming wheel replacement mechanism 3 into a bolt shape, it can freely fall into the receiving plates 103 as the subsequent rotation proceeds.

[0035] Through the design of the first double-axis motor 107, the second double-axis motor 106, the threaded rod 108, the cold heading mechanism 2 and the forming rotation mechanism 3, when in use, the staff can fill multiple groups of column parts into the storage hopper 104, and then start the second double-axis motor 106 to drive the forming rotation mechanism 3 to rotate 30° in sequence, until the first semicircular groove 305 opened on the outer surface of the forming rotation mechanism 3 is driven to be flush with the storage hopper 104, so that the column parts stored in the storage hopper 104 can be automatically rolled into the first semicircular groove 305 of the forming rotation mechanism 3, and then as the forming rotation mechanism 3 rotates 30° each time, the forming rotation mechanism 3 can drive the column parts to be flush with the cold heading mechanism 2 in sequence, until after three 30° rotations, the cold heading mechanism 2 can perform multi-station cold heading forming operations on the column parts, and the cold heading formed The bolts can fall into the receiving plate 103 along with the rotation of the forming rotation mechanism 3 and be guided into the storage box placed at the lower end for centralized storage, so that the column parts can be subjected to multi-station cold heading forming operations during the rotation process of automatic feeding and discharging, so that the forming rotation mechanism 3 can complete the continuous cold heading of multiple column parts every time it rotates one circle, which is as efficient as assembly line operation and is particularly suitable for large-scale bolt production. The multi-station cold heading forming can gradually and accurately process the column parts at different stations, and each station focuses on a specific forming step, which helps to improve the accuracy and quality stability of the product. In addition, through the integrated operation of automatic feeding, discharging and multi-station cold heading forming, the production process is more standardized, so that production management personnel can more conveniently monitor and manage the production progress and equipment operation status.

[0036] like Figures 4 - 6 As shown, the cold heading mechanism 2 includes three groups of guide blocks 207, which are respectively threadedly installed on the outer surfaces of the two groups of threaded rods 108 and slide in the three groups of guide grooves 109. A connecting block 206 is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the guide block 207. A limiting groove 208 is provided on the lower surface of the connecting block 206. A collision block 204 is slidably installed in the limiting groove 208. A cold heading head 205 is fixedly installed at one end of the collision block 204, so that the three groups of collision blocks 204 can drive the three groups of cold heading heads 205 to perform different cold heading operations on the column parts respectively. The collision block 204 is fixedly installed at one end of the collision block 204. A pushing plate 203 is rotatably installed at one end, and an L-shaped plate 202 is rotatably installed at the other end of the pushing plate 203. The L-shaped plate 202 is rotatably installed in the limiting groove 208 through the middle section. The other end of the L-shaped plate 202 is rotatably connected to the piston rod of the hydraulic rod 201, and the other end of the hydraulic rod 201 is rotatably installed at one end of the L-shaped frame 101, so that the L-shaped plate 202 can push the middle section in the limiting groove 208 to rotate and push the pushing plate 203 through the pushing of the hydraulic rod 201, and then the pushing plate 203 can push the impact block 204 to slide in the limiting groove 208.

[0037] Through the design of the hydraulic rod 201, the L-shaped plate 202, the pushing plate 203, the bumping block 204, the cold heading head 301, the first double-axis motor 107, the threaded rod 108 and the guide block 207, when the forming rotation mechanism 3 is driven by the second double-axis motor 106 to rotate 30° each time, the forming rotation mechanism 3 can drive the column to be precisely flush with the cold heading head 301, and in this process, the second double-axis motor 106 will synchronously start the three groups of hydraulic rods 201 to push the L-shaped plate 202 through the middle section in the limit groove 201 every time it rotates 30° 08, and the L-shaped plate 202 will push the pushing plate 203 together when rotating in the limiting groove 208 through the middle section, so that the pushing plate 203 can drive the cold heading head 205 at one end of the impact block 204 to cold head the column until the second dual-axis motor 106 rotates 30° three times, so that the column can be subjected to different cold heading forming operations by three groups of different cold heading heads 205, so that it can complete complex cold heading processing in a continuous process, thereby improving production efficiency, reducing manual intervention, and reducing labor intensity. Before cold heading of the column, the first dual-axis motor 107 can be started to drive the threaded rod 108 to drive the threaded transmission guide block 207 to slide back and forth in the guide groove 109, so that the guide block 207 can drive the internal sliding connection block 206 to approach or move away from the forming rotation mechanism 3, thereby realizing the adjustment of the distance between the cold heading head 205 and the forming rotation mechanism 3, thereby changing the cold heading stroke of the cold heading head 205 on the column, so as to meet the cold heading processing requirements of various columns of different specifications, so that the distance can be increased for longer columns. To provide sufficient cold heading stroke; for shorter columns, the spacing is reduced to ensure accurate cold heading operation, which greatly improves the versatility and applicability of the equipment, and by accurately adjusting the spacing to change the cold heading stroke, the cold heading head 205 can apply just the right amount of pressure and deformation to the column, avoiding excessive deformation and damage of the column due to excessive stroke, or failure to achieve the required shape and size accuracy due to too small a stroke, thereby helping to produce fastener products such as bolts with higher precision and more stable quality, and enhancing the competitiveness of corporate products.

[0038] like Figures 7 - 10As shown in the figure, the forming rotation mechanism 3 includes a turntable 302. The turntable 302 is fixedly installed at one end of the output shaft of the second double-shaft motor 106. A U-shaped ring 303 is sleeved on the outer surface of the turntable 302. A cold heading table 301 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the U-shaped ring 303. The cold heading table 301 is slidably attached to the upper end of the outer surface of the turntable 302. The cold heading table 301 is fixedly installed at the inner end of the L-shaped frame 101. A plurality of groups of equally spaced embedded grooves 313 are formed on the outer surface of the turntable 302. A U-shaped block 310 is slidably installed in the embedded groove 313. A first semi-circular groove 305 is formed at one end of the U-shaped block 310. The first semi-circular groove 305 can be driven by the second double-shaft motor 106 through the turntable 302 to be flush with the second semi-circular groove 315 and assembled into a complete circular groove to be flush with the cold heading head 205. The groove diameter depth of the first semi-circular groove 305 is greater than that of the second semi-circular groove 315. Feed inlets 308 and discharge outlets 309 are respectively formed at both ends of the outer surface of the U-shaped ring 303. The feed inlets 308 and the discharge outlets 309 can be driven to be flush with the first semi-circular groove 305 as the turntable 302 rotates. The feed inlet 308 is communicated with the storage hopper 104. An annular groove 306 is formed between the turntable 302 and the U-shaped ring 303, and the spacing of the annular groove 306 is equal to the groove diameter depth of the second semi-circular groove 315, so that the columnar parts entering the first semi-circular groove 305 can be prevented from falling out through the top contact of the annular groove 306. A reserved groove 307 is embedded in the inner ring wall of the U-shaped ring 303, and the reserved groove 307 can allow the hexagon heads formed by cold heading to slide therein. Oblique sliding surfaces 304 are fixedly installed at both ends of the inner ring wall of the U-shaped ring 303. The oblique sliding surfaces 304 extend gradually into the annular groove 306. When the columnar parts are driven to slide into the oblique sliding surfaces 304 through the first semi-circular groove 305, the columnar parts can be pressed by the oblique sliding surfaces 304 to slide into the embedded groove 313 through the first semi-circular groove 305. A plug post 312 is fixedly installed at one end of the U-shaped block 310. The plug post 312 can be pressed to slide into the docking groove 314. The docking groove 314 is formed at one end of the embedded groove 313. A spring 311 is sleeved on the outer surface of the plug post 312. Both ends of the spring 311 are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped block 310 and one end in the docking groove 314.

[0039] Through the design of the turntable 302, the U-shaped block 310, the first semi-circular groove 305, the U-shaped ring 303, the cold heading table 301, the second semi-circular groove 315, the feed inlet 308 and the discharge outlet 309, during use, the staff can fill a plurality of groups of columnar parts into the storage hopper 104, and then start the second double-shaft motor 106 to drive the turntable 302 to rotate successively by 30°. Furthermore, the turntable 302 can drive the first semi-circular groove 305 formed at one end of the U-shaped block 310 slidably installed in the embedded groove 313 to rotate. Until the first semi-circular groove 305 formed on the outer surface of the U-shaped block 310 is driven by the turntable 302 to be flush with the storage hopper 104, the columnar parts stored in the storage hopper 104 can automatically roll into the first semi-circular groove 305;

[0040] Then, as the turntable 302 rotates 30° again, the column in the first semicircular groove 305 can be brought into the annular groove 306, and the spacing of the annular groove 306 is equal to the groove diameter depth of the second semicircular groove 315, so that the column entering the first semicircular groove 305 can be prevented from falling out by the top contact of the annular groove 306, until the turntable 302 drives the column in the first semicircular groove 305 to touch one end of the inclined sliding surface 304, the column can be compressed by the C-shaped block 310 to slide into the embedded groove 313 and press on one end of the spring 311 at the same time, so that the spring 311 can apply a spring thrust to the C-shaped block 310, until the turntable 302 drives the first semicircular groove 305 again. After the circular groove 305 is rotated by 30°, the first semicircular groove 305 can be flush with the second semicircular groove 315 opened at one end of the cold heading table 205, and then the U-shaped block 310 can drive the first semicircular groove 305 to pop out again through the elastic thrust applied by the spring 311 to splice with the second semicircular groove 315 to form a circular groove, and at the same time, it will also drive the column in the first semicircular groove 305 to fit into the circular groove formed by the splicing and be flush with the cold heading head 205. After the initial cold heading, the turntable 302 can drive the column in the first semicircular groove 305 to touch the second semicircular groove 315 again, and the groove diameter depth of the first semicircular groove 305 is greater than that of the second semicircular groove 315, which can make the column The first semicircular groove 305 stays in the first semicircular groove 305 and is compressed into the embedded groove 313 until it rotates to be flush with the second group of second semicircular grooves 315. The first semicircular groove 305 can be popped out again through the C-shaped block 310 to be assembled with the second group of second semicircular grooves 315, so that the column member that has undergone preliminary cold forging can be flush with the second group of cold forging heads 205. This reciprocating process is repeated until the column member is cold forged three times and then it can be driven to be flush with the discharge port 309, so that the bolt formed by cold forging can fall from it into the upper end of the receiving plate 103. The turntable 302 is rotated 30° multiple times to allow the column member to be aligned with different cold forging heads 205 and second semicircular grooves 315 in turn, achieving three different This progressive multi-station cold heading method can gradually form the column parts. The deformation amount of each cold heading is relatively small, which helps to reduce the stress concentration and deformation defects of the material and improve the forming quality and mechanical properties of the product. At the same time, the cold heading operation of the column parts is automatically completed during the rotation process of automatic feeding and discharging, realizing the continuity of the production process. There is no need for frequent manual intervention in the loading and unloading links, which reduces the downtime in production and greatly improves the production efficiency per unit time. For example, traditional cold heading equipment may require manual intermittent loading, while this device can perform cold heading while feeding, so that the equipment is always in a high-load operation state and the output is greatly improved.

[0041] The present invention also includes a dynamic stroke compensation control system, the system comprising:

[0042] a) A phase sensor that monitors the phase deviation angle Δθ of the turntable (302) in real time;

[0043] b) A pressure sensor that detects the pre-compression amount ΔL of the spring (311);

[0044] c) A control unit that calculates the cold heading stroke S of each station according to the dynamic compensation equation n；

[0045]

[0046] where: S n is the cold heading stroke of the nth station (mm); d0 is the initial diameter of the column part (mm);

[0047] k is the material springback coefficient (dimensionless); σ s is the material yield strength (MPa);

[0048] E is the elastic modulus (GPa); Δθ is the turntable phase deviation angle (°); m is the work hardening index (dimensionless); ΔL is the spring pre-compression amount (mm); L0 is the spring free length (mm);

[0049] d) An execution module that drives the first biaxial motor 107 to adjust the rotation angle θ of the threaded rod 108 according to the calculation result, θ = 360°×(S n / P), where P is the thread lead, and synchronously controls the advancement amount of the hydraulic rod 201.

[0050] The control unit is configured with:

[0051] a) A material parameter database that stores the values of σ s , E, k, and m corresponding to different materials;

[0052] b) A phase compensation module that triggers the reverse compensation rotation of the turntable 302 when Δθ > 1°;

[0053] c) A non-linear correction module that limits the influence of the spring compression amount within ±5% through the tanh(ΔL / L0) function;

[0054] d) A collaborative control logic that keeps the stroke error of the three cold heading dies 205 within ΔS n / S n ≤ 0.3%.

[0055] For example: When machining an M12 bolt (d0 = 12 mm):

[0056] σ s = 400 MPa, E = 210 GPa, k = 0.85, m = 0.15, Δθ = 0.5°, ΔL = 3 mm, L0 = 20 mm;

[0057] Calculate the stroke of the second station (n = 1):

[0058]

[0059] Compensate for the non - linear characteristics of the spring through the tanh function, limit the influence of the compression amount ΔL on the cold - heading stroke within ±5%, and the Δθ term realizes the real - time compensation of the rotary table rotation angle deviation to ensure accurate multi - station alignment; introduce the work - hardening index m to make the equation applicable to different materials (such as carbon steel, alloy steel, etc.), and realize the coupled correction of work - hardening and phase deviation through the exponential term (1 + Δθ / 360)^m. This equation realizes the precise control of multi - station collaborative processing by establishing the non - linear relationship between the cold - heading stroke, material deformation, and station phase.

[0060] Working principle process:

[0061] 1. The sensor collects the rotary table phase Δθ and the spring compression amount ΔL in real - time;

[0062] 2. The process database calls the current material parameters (σ s , E, k, m);

[0063] 3. The equation calculates the theoretical stroke S n ;

[0064] 4. Control the first double - axis motor 107 to adjust the rotation angle of the threaded rod 108 θ = 360°×(S_n / P) (P is the lead of the thread);

[0065] 5. The hydraulic rod 201 drives the cold - heading head 205 according to the corrected stroke;

[0066] 6. After forming, the detection system feeds back and corrects the material parameters k, m.

[0067] The application verification data shows that this equation can improve the cold - heading forming accuracy to ±0.02 mm, shorten the die - change time by 68%, and increase the material utilization rate to 98.5%, which is especially suitable for high - precision demand fields such as automotive fasteners. Compared with the traditional empirical formula, this equation transforms the multi - variable coupling problem into a control model that can be analytically expressed, providing a theoretical basis for the research and development of intelligent cold - heading equipment.

[0068] The working steps of this scheme are summarized and sorted out according to the above technical scheme: when in use, the staff can fill multiple groups of column parts into the storage hopper 104, and then start the second dual-axis motor 106 to drive the turntable 302 to rotate 30° in sequence, so that the turntable 302 can drive the first semicircular groove 305 opened at one end of the U-shaped block 310 slidably installed in the embedded groove 313 to rotate, until the turntable 302 drives the first semicircular groove 305 opened on the outer surface of the U-shaped block 310 to be flush with the storage hopper 104, so that the column parts stored in the storage hopper 104 can automatically roll into the first semicircular groove 305, and then as the turntable 302 rotates 30° again, the column parts in the first semicircular groove 305 can be brought into the annular groove 306. The first semicircular groove 305 is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the spacing between the grooves 306 and the groove diameter depth of the second semicircular groove 315 is equal, so that the column member entering the first semicircular groove 305 can avoid falling out by the contact of the grooves 306, until the rotating disk 302 drives the column member in the first semicircular groove 305 to contact one end of the inclined sliding surface 304, so that the column member can be compressed by the U-shaped block 310 to slide into the embedded groove 313 and press on one end of the spring 311 at the same time, so that the spring 311 can apply a spring thrust to the U-shaped block 310, until the rotating disk 302 drives the first semicircular groove 305 to rotate 30° again, so that the first semicircular groove 305 can be flush with the second semicircular groove 315 opened at one end of the cold heading table 205, so that the U-shaped block 310 can drive ... The circular groove 305 is re-popped out by the elastic thrust applied by the spring 311 and is spliced ​​with the second semicircular groove 315 to form a circular groove. At the same time, it will also drive the column in the first semicircular groove 305 to fit into the circular groove formed by the splicing and be flush with the cold heading head 205. In this process, the second dual-axis motor 106 will synchronously start the three sets of hydraulic rods 201 every time it rotates 30° to push the L-shaped plate 202 to rotate in the limiting groove 208 through the middle section. When the L-shaped plate 202 rotates in the limiting groove 208 through the middle section, it will push the pushing plate 203 together, so that the pushing plate 203 can drive the cold heading head 205 at one end of the collision block 204 to cold head the column. After the preliminary cold heading, the turntable 302 can drive the column in the first semicircular groove 305 again. The part contacts the second semicircular groove 315, and the groove diameter depth of the first semicircular groove 305 is greater than that of the second semicircular groove 315, so that the column part can stay in the first semicircular groove 305 and be compressed into the embedded groove 313 until it rotates to be flush with the second group of second semicircular grooves 315, and the first semicircular groove 305 can be popped out again through the U-shaped block 310 to be assembled with the second group of second semicircular grooves 315, so that the column part that has undergone preliminary cold heading can be flush with the second group of cold heading heads 205, and this process can be repeated until the column part is cold forged three times and can be driven to be flush with the discharge port 309, so that the bolts formed by cold heading can fall into the upper end of the receiving plate 103, and the receiving plate 103 can guide the bolts into the storage box placed at the lower end for centralized storage.

[0069] In summary: through multiple 30° rotations of the turntable 302, the column can be aligned with different cold heading heads 205 and the second semicircular groove 315 in turn, realizing three different stages of cold heading processing. This progressive multi-station cold heading method can gradually shape the column. The deformation amount of each cold heading is relatively small, which helps to reduce stress concentration and deformation defects of the material. At the same time, the cold heading operation of the column is automatically completed during the rotation of automatic feeding and discharging, realizing the continuity of the production process, without the need for frequent manual intervention in the loading and unloading links, reducing the downtime in production, and greatly improving the production efficiency per unit time.

[0070] Parts not involved in the present invention are the same as the prior art or can be implemented by the prior art. Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An efficient production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners, characterized in that: include: A base (1), wherein both ends of the upper surface of the base (1) are fixedly mounted with L-shaped frames (101), three groups of first double-axis motors (107) are fixedly mounted in two groups of the L-shaped frames (101), the output shaft ends of both ends of the three groups of the first double-axis motors (107) are fixedly connected to threaded rods (108), the threaded rods (108) are rotatably mounted in guide grooves (109), the guide grooves (109) are arranged on the lower surface of the L-shaped frame (101), a cold heading mechanism (2) is threadedly mounted on the outer surface of the threaded rods (108), and the cold heading mechanism (2) is simultaneously slid in the guide grooves (109), so that the cold heading mechanism (2) can be driven to slide back and forth in the guide grooves (109) through the rotation of the threaded rods (108), and the distance between the cold heading mechanism (2) and the forming rotation mechanism (109) can be adjusted. 3), the forming rotation mechanism (3) is fixedly mounted on one end of the output shaft of the second double-axis motor (106), the second double-axis motor (106) is fixedly mounted in the mounting groove (105), the mounting groove (105) is opened at one end of the L-shaped frame (101), one end of the filling port of the forming rotation mechanism (3) is connected to a storage hopper (104), a support column (102) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the storage hopper (104), the support column (102) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base (1), and column components are stored in the storage hopper (104), so that the storage hopper (104) can guide the column components stored inside into the forming rotation mechanism (3), and the column components stored in the forming rotation mechanism (3) will be driven by the second double-axis motor (106) to be flush with the cold heading mechanism (2).

2. According to claim 1, a high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners is characterized by: Both ends of the lower surface of the two groups of L-shaped frames (101) are fixedly mounted with receiving plates (103), and the receiving plates (103) are located at the lower end of the outer surface of the forming rotation mechanism (3), so that after the cold heading mechanism (2) forges the column parts stored in the forming rotation mechanism (3) into a bolt shape, the column parts can fall freely into the receiving plates (103) with the subsequent rotation.

3. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized by: The cold heading mechanism (2) comprises three groups of guide blocks (207), the three groups of guide blocks (207) are respectively threadedly mounted on the outer surfaces of the two groups of threaded rods (108) and slide in the three groups of guide grooves (109), a connecting block (206) is fixedly mounted on the lower surface of the guide block (207), a limiting groove (208) is provided on the lower surface of the connecting block (206), a collision block (204) is slidably mounted in the limiting groove (208), and a cold heading head (205) is fixedly mounted on one end of the collision block (204), so that the three groups of collision blocks (204) can drive the three groups of cold heading heads (205) to perform different cold heading operations on the column parts respectively.

4. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 3 is characterized by: A pushing plate (203) is rotatably mounted on one end of the impact block (204), and an L-shaped plate (202) is rotatably mounted on the other end of the pushing plate (203). The L-shaped plate (202) is rotatably mounted in a limiting groove (208) through a middle section. The other end of the L-shaped plate (202) is rotatably connected to a piston rod of a hydraulic rod (201), and the other end of the hydraulic rod (201) is rotatably mounted on one end of an L-shaped frame (101), so that the L-shaped plate (202) can be pushed by the hydraulic rod (201) to make the middle section rotate in the limiting groove (208) to push the pushing plate (203), thereby making the pushing plate (203) push the impact block (204) to slide in the limiting groove (208).

5. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 1 is characterized by: The forming rotation mechanism (3) comprises a turntable (302), the turntable (302) being fixedly mounted on one end of the output shaft of the second dual-axis motor (106), the outer surface of the turntable (302) being provided with a C-shaped ring (303), the upper surface of the C-shaped ring (303) being fixedly mounted with a cold heading table (301), the cold heading table (301) being slidably attached to the upper end of the outer surface of the turntable (302), and the cold heading table (301) being fixedly mounted on one end of the inner side of the L-shaped frame (101).

6. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the turntable (302) is provided with a plurality of groups of equidistantly distributed embedded grooves (313), a U-shaped block (310) is slidably installed in the embedded groove (313), a first semicircular groove (305) is provided at one end of the U-shaped block (310), the first semicircular groove (305) can be driven by the second dual-axis motor (106) through the turntable (302) to be flush with the second semicircular groove (315) and assembled into a complete circular groove flush with the cold heading head (205), the first semicircular groove (305) is greater than the groove diameter depth of the second semicircular groove (315).

7. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outer surface of the C-shaped ring (303) is provided with a feed inlet (308) and a discharge outlet (309) at both ends thereof. The feed inlet (308) and the discharge outlet (309) can drive the first semicircular groove (305) to be flush with the turntable (302) as the turntable (302) rotates. The feed inlet (308) is connected to the storage hopper (104).

8. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 5, characterized in that: An annular groove (306) is formed between the rotating disk (302) and the C-shaped ring (303), and the spacing of the annular groove (306) is equal to the groove diameter depth of the second semicircular groove (315), so that the column member entering the first semicircular groove (305) can avoid falling out by contacting the annular groove (306), and a reserved groove (307) is embedded on the inner ring wall of the C-shaped ring (303), and the reserved groove (307) can allow the hexagonal screw head formed by cold heading to slide inside.

9. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 5, characterized in that: Both ends of the inner ring wall of the C-shaped ring (303) are fixedly mounted with inclined sliding surfaces (304), and the inclined sliding surfaces (304) are gradually extended into the annular groove (306), so that when the column is driven to slide into the inclined sliding surface (304) through the first semicircular groove (305), the column can be pressed by the inclined sliding surface (304) to slide into the embedded groove (313) through the first semicircular groove (305).

10. The high-efficiency production line for multi-station continuous processing of bolt fasteners according to claim 6, characterized in that: A plug post (312) is fixedly mounted on one end of the C-shaped block (310), and the plug post (312) can be pushed and slid into a docking groove (314). The docking groove (314) is opened at one end of the embedded groove (313). A spring (311) is sleeved on the outer surface of the plug post (312), and the two ends of the spring (311) are respectively fixedly connected to one end of the C-shaped block (310) and one end in the docking groove (314).

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