Hard turning and hard milling composite machine tool for inclined channel of ball cage

Abstract

The invention discloses a hard turning and hard milling composite machine tool for an inclined channel of a ball cage, which relates to the technical field of ball cage processing and comprises a machine tool body part, a rotary part, a main shaft part, a sliding saddle part, a loading and unloading all-in-one machine, a first feeding mechanism and a second feeding mechanism, the saddle component is used for driving the main shaft component to move in the X-axis direction, the Y-axis direction and the Z-axis direction, and therefore the position of a workpiece is adjusted. The feeding and discharging all-in-one machine comprises a first feeding channel, a second feeding channel, a first discharging channel and a second discharging channel, and a grabbing station is arranged at the tail end of the second feeding channel. A workpiece is clamped at a time through the main shaft clamp, continuous milling of a plurality of inclined channels can be completed through C1 main shaft indexing and swing of the rotary component, and the clamping frequency and time are reduced; the feeding and discharging all-in-one machine and the second feeding mechanism work cooperatively, full-process automation of workpieces from automatic feeding and positioning detection to machining and discharging is achieved, manual intervention is reduced, and the production efficiency is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of constant velocity joint machining, and particularly to a hard turning and hard milling compound machine tool for constant velocity joint inclined grooves. Background Art

[0002] In the field of automotive parts machining, as a key transmission component, the machining accuracy of the inclined grooves of the constant velocity joint directly affects the transmission performance and service life. The traditional machining of constant velocity joint inclined grooves generally uses the grinding process, which relies on a large amount of grinding fluid for cooling and lubrication. This not only causes environmental pollution and increases the cost of waste liquid treatment, but also easily causes burns on the surface of the ball track due to the concentration of grinding heat, affecting the machining quality. In addition, the grinding process has problems such as low machining efficiency, complex equipment adjustment, and cumulative errors caused by multi-process batch clamping, making it difficult to meet the modern machining requirements of high precision and automation. With the development of hard turning and hard milling technologies, the machining concept of replacing grinding with turning and milling has gradually attracted attention. However, existing hard turning and hard milling equipment still faces many challenges in the machining of constant velocity joint inclined grooves: 1. Insufficient positioning accuracy: The accuracy of the spindle indexing and turntable swing mechanisms of traditional machine tools is difficult to meet the angle tolerance requirements of inclined grooves. Especially when machining multi-groove equal division, angle deviation is likely to occur. 2. Poor machine tool stability: The metal bed body is prone to deformation during high-speed milling vibration, affecting the surface roughness of the machining. 3. Low degree of automation: Loading and unloading rely on manual or semi-automatic mechanisms, and full-process automatic detection, positioning, and transfer of workpieces cannot be achieved, restricting the improvement of production efficiency. 4. Low machining efficiency: Existing inner holes and grooves need to be machined in two processes using two devices respectively, resulting in low machining efficiency and poor secondary clamping accuracy.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a hard turning and hard milling compound machine tool with high precision, high stability, and full-automatic loading and unloading functions to solve the defects of the traditional grinding process and promote the green and efficient upgrading of constant velocity joint machining technology. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems mentioned in the above background art, the present invention provides a hard turning and hard milling compound machine tool for constant velocity joint inclined grooves.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A hard turning and hard milling compound machine tool for constant velocity joint inclined grooves includes a bed body component, a rotary component, a spindle component, a saddle component, a loading and unloading integrated machine, a first feeding mechanism, and a second feeding mechanism; The saddle component is used to drive the spindle component to move along three directions of the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis, thereby adjusting the position of the workpiece; The loading and unloading integrated machine includes a first loading track, a second loading track, a first unloading track and a second unloading track. A material grabbing station is provided at the end of the second loading track, and a material placing station is provided at the initial section of the first unloading track. A first workpiece positioning device is provided on one side of the second loading track away from the first unloading track. The second feeding mechanism is used to transfer workpieces between the loading and unloading integrated machine and the first feeding mechanism, and the second feeding mechanism is used to transfer workpieces between the driving spindle component and the loading and unloading integrated machine. The spindle component includes a spindle box. A C spindle rotates inside the spindle box, and a spindle fixture is installed at the bottom end of the C spindle. The rotary component includes a rotary seat. The rotary seat is of a U-shaped structure. The two ends of the rotary seat are respectively fixed to the left swing spindle and the right swing spindle. A milling spindle is installed in the middle of the rotary seat. The milling spindle is inclined at an angle of 20° with respect to the cradle rotation center. The milling spindle adopts an HSK interface; a turning tool holder is installed on the inner side of the rotary seat, the turning tool holder is vertically installed, and the turning spindle adopts a VDI interface.

[0006] Preferably, the bed component includes a marble bed. A Y-axis ball guide rail is provided at the top of the marble bed, and a chip removal mechanism is installed on the marble bed.

[0007] Preferably, the chip removal mechanism includes a spiral chip conveyor. A chip removal inclined plane is provided inside the marble bed, and an iron chip collection box is provided on one side of the marble bed.

[0008] Preferably, the saddle component includes a saddle. The saddle is slidably installed on the Y-axis ball guide rail. Y-axis supports and Y-axis motor seats are respectively provided on both sides of the saddle. A Y-axis double ball screw is rotatably installed between the Y-axis support and the Y-axis motor seat. The saddle is threadedly installed outside the Y-axis double ball screw. A Y-axis servo motor is fixed on the Y-axis motor seat, and the output shaft of the Y-axis servo motor is directly connected to the Y-axis double ball screw through a coupling.

[0009] Preferably, an X-axis linear guide rail is provided on the saddle. A saddle is slidably installed on the X-axis linear guide rail. An X-axis ball screw is threadedly installed inside the saddle. X-axis motor seats and X-axis supports are installed at both ends of the X-axis ball screw. An X-axis servo motor is fixed on the X-axis motor seat, and the output shaft of the X-axis servo motor is directly connected to the X-axis ball screw through a coupling.

[0010] Preferably, a Z-axis motor seat, a Z-axis support and a Z-axis ball screw are installed outside the saddle. A Z-axis servo motor is fixed on the Z-axis motor seat, and the output shaft of the Z-axis motor seat is directly connected to the Z-axis ball screw through a coupling. The spindle box is installed on the saddle through a Z-axis linear guide rail, and the Z-axis linear guide rail is in threaded cooperation with the Z-axis ball screw.

[0011] Preferably, a rotary oil cylinder is installed at the top of the C1 main shaft. The rotary oil cylinder is connected to the main shaft fixture through a pull rod to control the loosening and clamping of the workpiece by the main shaft fixture. A synchronous pulley is installed on the C1 main shaft, and a motor support frame is installed outside the main shaft box. A C1-axis servo motor is installed on the motor support frame. A synchronous pulley is installed on the output shaft of the C1-axis servo motor and is connected to the synchronous pulley at the end of the C1 main shaft through a synchronous belt to drive the rotation of the C1 main shaft. The C1 main shaft adopts a high-rigidity milling main shaft, and a two-piece end tooth structure is configured at the rear end to control the indexing and positioning function of the main shaft and improve the positioning accuracy.

[0012] Preferably, the left swing main shaft is a high-precision and high-rigidity turntable bearing structure. The left swing main shaft is driven by directly connecting a high-precision reduction gear to the left swing main shaft servo motor. The right swing main shaft is a high-precision tapered hole cylindrical bearing structure, and an oil pressure brake unit is installed outside it. Preferably, the first feeding mechanism includes a feeding linear guide rail. A workpiece blanking table and a second workpiece positioning device are slidably installed on the feeding linear guide rail. The workpiece blanking table and the second workpiece positioning device are driven by a feeding air cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the second feeding mechanism includes an A-axis linear guide rail. An A-axis moving bracket is slidably installed on the A-axis linear guide rail. The A-axis moving bracket is driven by an A-axis servo motor. A pneumatic guide rod cylinder is installed on the A-axis moving bracket. The output shaft of the pneumatic guide rod cylinder is rotatably installed with a pneumatic gripper. A gripper rotation servo motor is installed on the A-axis moving bracket. The gripper rotation servo motor drives the rotation of the pneumatic gripper through a synchronous belt.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The main shaft component of the machine tool adopts a unique C main shaft structure and a synchronous belt drive method, and is combined with a high-precision reduction gear and an oil pressure brake unit for the rotary component to ensure accurate indexing and positioning of the main shaft; the specific inclination angle design between the milling main shaft and the cradle rotation center, and the adoption of an HSK interface can accurately adapt to the pressure angle of the ball cage groove and facilitate the setting of the groove inclination angle, reduce the groove pressure angle and contour error, and improve the machining accuracy; a turning tool holder is installed on the inner side of the cradle, which is used for turning the inner hole or inner spherical surface of the ball cage after milling the groove. The interface of the turning tool holder adopts a VDI interface, which is convenient for disassembly and replacement and meets the requirements of high rigidity for hard turning after heat treatment. At the same time, the excellent shock absorption and thermal stability performance of the marble bed body, combined with the cooperation of high-precision guide rails, lead screws and grating rulers for each axis, provide stable support for high-speed milling and ensure high precision and consistency of machining; The workpiece is clamped once by the spindle fixture. Through the indexing of the C1 spindle and the swing of the rotary component, continuous milling of multiple inclined grooves can be completed, reducing the clamping times and time. The loading and unloading integrated machine and the second feeding mechanism cooperate to realize the full-process automation of the workpiece from automatic loading, positioning detection to processing and unloading, reducing manual intervention and greatly improving production efficiency. In addition, dry cutting combined with air cooling not only avoids the pollution caused by grinding fluid, but also realizes automatic collection of iron chips through the chip removal mechanism, keeping the processing environment clean and improving the operation reliability of the equipment.

[0015] Multi-process composite machining, replacing grinding with turning and milling, high efficiency, special hydraulic elastic fixture, reliable clamping, stable precision, dry cutting, air cooling, energy saving and environmental protection, full-automatic feeder, modular jaws and positioning device, simple operation, convenient tool change. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the following drawings are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a first perspective three-dimensional view of the present invention with a housing; Figure 2 It is a second perspective three-dimensional view of the present invention with a housing; Figure 3 It is a front view of the present invention without a housing; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional view of the present invention without a housing; Figure 5 It is a three-dimensional view of the bed body component of the present invention; Figure 6 It is a top view of the bed body component of the present invention; Figure 7 It is a front view of the saddle component of the present invention; Figure 8 It is a top view of the saddle component of the present invention; Figure 9 It is a three-dimensional view of the saddle component of the present invention; Figure 10 It is a rear view of the spindle component of the present invention; Figure 11 It is a three-dimensional view of the spindle component of the present invention; Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional view of the rotary component of the present invention; Figure 13 It is a right view of the second feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 14 The front view of the second feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 15 The perspective view of the second feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 16 The top view of the loading and unloading integrated machine of the present invention; Figure 17 The perspective view of the first feeding mechanism of the present invention; Figure 18 The perspective view of the workpiece of the present invention; Figure 19 The top view of the workpiece of the present invention; Figure 20 is Figure 19 the sectional view taken along the A-A direction in Figure 21 is Figure 19 the sectional view taken along the B-B direction in Figure 22 The schematic diagram of the installation angle of the milling spindle on the rotary seat of the present invention; Figure 23 The schematic diagram of the rotary angle of the rotary seat when milling the 1, 3, 5 grooves in the present invention; Figure 24 The schematic diagram of the rotary angle of the rotary seat when milling the 2, 4, 6 grooves in the present invention; Figure 25 The top view of the rotary component of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: 1. Bed body component; 101. Marble bed body; 102. Y-axis ball guide rail; 103. Screw chip conveyor; 1031. Chip discharge slope; 1032. Chip collection box; 2. Rotary component; 201. Left swing spindle; 202. Right swing spindle; 203. Hydraulic brake unit; 204. Rotary seat; 205. Milling spindle; 206. Left swing spindle servo motor; 207. High-precision reduction gear; 208. Turning tool holder; 2081. Turning tool; 3. Spindle component; 301. Spindle box; 302. Motor support frame; 303. C1-axis servo motor; 304. Z-axis linear guide rail; 305. C1 spindle; 306. Spindle fixture; 307. Rotary oil cylinder; 308. Synchronous belt; 4. Saddle component; 401. Saddle; 402. Y-axis support; 403. Y-axis motor seat; 4031. Y-axis servo motor; 404. Y-axis double ball screw; 405. Saddle; 4051. X-axis motor seat; 4052. X-axis servo motor; 4053. X-axis ball screw; 406. Z-axis support; 4061. Z-axis motor seat; 4062. Z-axis servo motor; 4063. Z-axis ball screw; 5. Loading and unloading integrated machine; 501. First loading track; 502. Second loading track; 503. Material grasping station; 504. Material discharging station; 505. First unloading track; 506. Second unloading track; 507. First workpiece positioning device; 6. First feeding mechanism; 601. Feeding linear guide rail; 602. Feeding cylinder; 603. Workpiece unloading table; 604. Second workpiece positioning device; 7. Second feeding mechanism; 701. A-axis linear guide rail; 702. A-axis moving bracket; 703. A-axis servo motor; 704. Pneumatic guide rod cylinder; 705. Pneumatic gripper; 706. Gripper rotation servo motor; 707. Synchronous belt. Detailed implementation mode

[0019] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Apparently, the described embodiments are some, but not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Embodiment 1

[0020] Refer to Figures 1-25 , a hard turning and hard milling compound machine tool for constant velocity joint inclined groove, comprising a bed body component 1, a rotary component 2, a spindle component 3, a saddle component 4, a loading and unloading integrated machine 5, a first feeding mechanism 6, and a second feeding mechanism 7; The saddle component 4 is used to drive the spindle component 3 to move along three directions of the X-axis, Y-axis and Z-axis, so as to adjust the position of the workpiece; The loading and unloading integrated machine 5 includes a first loading channel 501, a second loading channel 502, a first unloading channel 505 and a second unloading channel 506. A material grasping station 503 is provided at the end of the second loading channel 502, a material placing station 504 is provided at the initial section of the first unloading channel 505, and a first workpiece positioning device 507 is provided on the side of the second loading channel 502 away from the first unloading channel 505. The second feeding mechanism 7 is used to transfer workpieces between the loading and unloading integrated machine 5 and the first feeding mechanism 6, and the second feeding mechanism 7 is also used to transfer workpieces between the driving spindle component 3 and the loading and unloading integrated machine 5. The spindle component 3 includes a spindle box 301. Inside the spindle box 301, a C1 spindle 305 rotates, and a spindle fixture 306 is installed at the bottom end of the C1 spindle 305. The rotary component 2 includes a rotary seat 204. The rotary seat 204 is of U-shaped structure. The two ends of the rotary seat 204 are respectively fixed to the left swing spindle 201 and the right swing spindle 202. A milling spindle 205 is installed in the middle of the rotary seat 204. The milling spindle 205 is inclined at an angle of 20° with respect to the cradle rotation center. The milling spindle 205 adopts an HSK63 interface to ensure that the contact angle during tool milling meets the design requirements and ensure that the pressure angle of the milled product meets the drawing requirements. A turning tool holder 208 is installed on the inner side of the rotary seat. The turning tool holder 208 is vertically installed, and a turning tool 2081 is installed on the turning tool holder 208. The turning spindle adopts a VDI interface.

[0021] Among them, the bed component 1 includes a marble bed 101. A Y-axis ball guide 102 is provided at the top of the marble bed 101. A chip removal mechanism is installed on the marble bed 101. The chip removal mechanism includes a spiral chip conveyor 103. A chip removal inclined plane 1031 is provided inside the marble bed 101. An iron chip collection box 1032 is provided on one side of the marble bed 101. During processing, the iron chips are guided by the chip removal inclined plane 1031 and slide along the chip removal inclined plane 1031 into the collection groove. A discharge screw is provided in the collection groove. By rotating the discharge screw, the iron chips can be introduced into the iron chip collection box 1032 for centralized storage. The bed component 1 is cast with high-quality granite, which ensures good stability and excellent shock absorption performance. The shock absorption and thermal stability of cast granite are six to eight times better than that of cast iron.

[0022] Among them, the saddle component 4 includes a saddle 405. The saddle 405 is slidably mounted on the Y-axis ball guide rail 102. On both sides of the saddle 405, there are respectively a Y-axis support 402 and a Y-axis motor base 403. A Y-axis double ball screw 404 is rotatably mounted between the Y-axis support 402 and the Y-axis motor base 403. The saddle 405 is threadedly mounted on the outside of the Y-axis double ball screw 404. A Y-axis servo motor 4031 is fixed on the Y-axis motor base 403. The output shaft of the Y-axis servo motor 4031 is directly connected to the Y-axis double ball screw 404 through a coupling. By driving the Y-axis double ball screw 404 to rotate synchronously by the Y-axis servo motor 4031, the saddle 405 can be driven to move along the Y-axis direction, so that the position of the C1 main shaft 305 can be adjusted in the Y-axis direction.

[0023] Among them, an X-axis linear guide rail is provided on the saddle 405. A saddle 401 is slidably mounted on the X-axis linear guide rail. An X-axis ball screw 4053 is threadedly mounted inside the saddle 401. At both ends of the X-axis ball screw 4053, there are an X-axis motor base 4051 and an X-axis support 4011. An X-axis servo motor 4052 is fixed on the X-axis motor base 4051. The output shaft of the X-axis servo motor 4052 is directly connected to the X-axis ball screw 4053 through a coupling. By driving the X-axis ball screw 4053 to rotate by the X-axis servo motor 4052, the saddle 401 can be driven to move along the X-axis direction, so that the position of the C1 main shaft 305 can be adjusted in the X-axis direction.

[0024] Among them, a Z-axis motor base 4061, a Z-axis support 406 and a Z-axis ball screw 4063 are installed on the outside of the saddle 401. A Z-axis servo motor 4062 is fixed on the Z-axis motor base 4061. The output shaft of the Z-axis motor base 4061 is directly connected to the Z-axis ball screw 4063 through a coupling. The main spindle box 301 is installed on the saddle 401 through a Z-axis linear guide rail 304, and the Z-axis linear guide rail 304 is in threaded cooperation with the Z-axis ball screw 4063. By driving the Z-axis ball screw 4063 to rotate by the Z-axis servo motor 4062, the main spindle box 301 can be driven to move along the Z-axis direction, so that the position of the C1 main shaft 305 can be adjusted in the Z-axis direction. Embodiment 2

[0025] Refer to Figures 1-25, the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that a rotary oil cylinder 307 is installed at the top of the C1 main shaft 305. The rotary oil cylinder 307 is connected to the main shaft fixture 306 through a pull rod to control the loosening and clamping of the main shaft fixture 306 on the workpiece. A synchronous pulley is installed on the C1 main shaft 305, and a motor support frame 302 is installed outside the main shaft box 301. A C1-axis servo motor 303 is installed on the motor support frame 302. A synchronous pulley is installed on the output shaft of the C1-axis servo motor 303 and is connected to the synchronous pulley at the end of the C1 main shaft through a synchronous belt 308 to drive the C1 main shaft 305 to rotate. The C1 main shaft 305 adopts a high-rigidity milling spindle, and a two-piece end tooth structure is configured at the rear end to control the indexing and positioning function of the main shaft and improve the positioning accuracy; Clamp the workpiece through the main shaft fixture 306 on the C1 main shaft 305, and send the workpiece above the milling spindle 205 to mill the workpiece.

[0026] Among them, the left swing main shaft 201 is a high-precision and high-rigidity turntable bearing structure. The left swing main shaft 201 is directly connected to the left swing main shaft servo motor 206 through a high-precision speed reducer 207 for driving. The right swing main shaft 202 is a high-precision tapered hole cylindrical bearing structure, and an oil pressure brake unit 203 is installed outside it. The oil pressure brake unit 203 is used to lock the right swing main shaft 202 during the milling process to ensure that the right swing main shaft 202 does not swing during the milling process and improve the machining accuracy of the parts. Embodiment 3

[0027] Refer to Figures 1-25 , the difference between this embodiment and Embodiment 1 is that the first feeding mechanism 6 includes a feeding linear guide rail 601. A workpiece blanking table 603 and a second workpiece positioning device 604 are slidably installed on the feeding linear guide rail 601. The workpiece blanking table 603 and the second workpiece positioning device 604 are driven by a feeding air cylinder 602. The feeding air cylinder 602 can push the workpiece blanking table 603 and the second workpiece positioning device 604 to move horizontally along the feeding linear guide rail 601. During feeding, the workpiece to be processed is placed on the second workpiece positioning device 604 through the second feeding mechanism (7), and then sent to the waiting processing station through the feeding air cylinder 602. Then, the workpiece to be processed is clamped by the main shaft fixture 306 on the C1 main shaft 305 and sent for processing. After processing, the processed workpiece is placed on the workpiece blanking table 603, sent out through the feeding air cylinder 602, and sent to the first blanking channel 505 through the second feeding mechanism 7.

[0028] Among them, the second feeding mechanism 7 includes an A-axis linear guide 701, on which an A-axis moving bracket 702 is slidably mounted. The A-axis moving bracket 702 is driven by an A-axis servo motor 703. An air cylinder with a guide rod 704 is mounted on the A-axis moving bracket 702. The output shaft of the air cylinder with a guide rod 704 is rotatably mounted with a pneumatic gripper 705. A gripper rotation servo motor 706 is mounted on the A-axis moving bracket 702. The gripper rotation servo motor 706 drives the pneumatic gripper 705 to rotate through a synchronous belt 707. The pneumatic gripper 705 is used to clamp and release the workpiece. The rotation of the pneumatic gripper 705 can drive the workpiece to rotate, which is convenient for detecting the workpiece. The pneumatic gripper 705 is driven by the A-axis servo motor 703 to move along the A-axis linear guide 701, and the pneumatic gripper 705 is driven by the air cylinder with a guide rod 704 to lift and lower, so as to transfer the workpiece between the material grabbing station 503, the material discharging station 504, the first workpiece positioning device 507, the workpiece blanking table 603 and the second workpiece positioning device 604.

[0029] Working principle: The workpiece to be processed is as Figures 17-18 shown. There are six grooves inside the workpiece, which are milled out by the milling spindle (205). Among them, grooves 1, 3, and 5 are inclined 16° to the left (groove interval angle 120°), and grooves 2, 4, and 6 are inclined 16° to the right (groove interval angle 120°). The six grooves are equally divided at an angle of 60°, and the groove angle inclination direction is the same every 120 degrees; The milling spindle (205) swings 16° to the left and successively mills grooves 1, 3, and 5 (as Figure 22 shown), and the milling spindle (205) swings 16° to the right and successively mills grooves 2, 4, and 6 (as Figure 23 shown); First, place the workpiece to be processed on the first loading track 501 (which can store 30 - 50 pieces). The loading track is in a 7-shaped layout, and the workpiece automatically flows to the position of the material grabbing station 503 on the second loading track 502. The second loading track 502 is equipped with a workpiece in-place detection function. When there is material at the material grabbing station 503, the second loading track 502 stops running; The pneumatic gripper 705 on the second feeding mechanism 7 grabs the workpiece and transfers it to the position of the first workpiece positioning device 507. A detection switch is installed there. The gripper rotation servo motor 706 drives the pneumatic gripper 705 to rotate through the synchronous belt 707, and rotates according to the detection switch to detect the groove angle inside the product; After the detection is completed, the product is placed on the second workpiece positioning device 604, and then sent to the waiting processing station by the feeding cylinder 602. Then, the workpiece to be processed is clamped by the spindle fixture 306 on the C1 spindle 305 and sent for processing. After the processing is completed, the processed workpiece is placed on the workpiece unloading table 603, sent out by the feeding cylinder 602, and sent to the first unloading channel 505 through the second feeding mechanism 7 to complete the processing. Processing action: During processing, the rotating part 2 swings 16° to the left (corresponding to the product angle) and is in the same position as the inclination angle of the inner groove of the product. The inner groove 1 of the product is milled by Y / Z axis interpolation. After the groove milling is completed, the tool withdraws from the milling position. The C1 spindle 305 drives the workpiece to rotate 120°, and then continues to mill the other two equally divided grooves 3 and 5 according to the above steps. After the milling of the three equally divided grooves is completed, the rotating part returns to the zero position. The C1 spindle 305 rotates 60°, and the rotating part 2 rotates 16° to the right (corresponding to the product angle) and then repeats the above steps to mill the other three equally divided grooves (2, 4, 6).

[0030] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0031] In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "set", "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed", etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or integrated; it can be a mechanical connection, a direct connection, or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations.

[0032] The control mode of the present invention is automatically controlled by a controller. The control circuit of the controller can be realized by simple programming by those skilled in the art. The provision of power also belongs to the common knowledge in the art, and the present invention is mainly used to protect mechanical devices, so the control mode and circuit connection of the present invention will not be explained in detail.

[0033] The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, according to the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, making equivalent replacements or changes should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages, characterized in that: It comprises a bed component (1), a rotating component (2), a spindle component (3), a saddle component (4), a loading and unloading integrated machine (5), a first feeding mechanism (6), and a second feeding mechanism (7); The saddle component (4) is used to drive the spindle component (3) to move along three directions of the X-axis, the Y-axis and the Z-axis, thereby adjusting the position of the workpiece; The loading and unloading integrated machine (5) comprises a first loading channel (501), a second loading channel (502), a first unloading channel (505) and a second unloading channel (506); a material grabbing station (503) is provided at the end of the second loading channel (502); a material discharge station (504) is provided at the beginning of the first unloading channel (505); and a first workpiece positioning device (507) is provided on the side of the second loading channel (502) away from the first unloading channel (505); The second feeding mechanism (7) is used to transfer the workpiece between the loading and unloading integrated machine (5) and the first feeding mechanism (6), and the second feeding mechanism (7) is used to transfer the workpiece between the driving spindle component (3) and the loading and unloading integrated machine (5); The spindle component (3) comprises a spindle box (301), a C1 spindle (305) is rotatably mounted inside the spindle box (301), and a spindle fixture (306) is mounted at the bottom end of the C1 spindle (305); The rotating component (2) comprises a rotating seat (204), the rotating seat (204) is a U-shaped structure, the two ends of the rotating seat (204) are respectively fixed to the left swing spindle (201) and the right swing spindle (202), and a milling spindle (205) is installed in the middle of the rotating seat (204).

2. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bed component (1) comprises a marble bed (101), a Y-axis ball guide rail (102) is provided at the top of the marble bed (101), and a chip removal mechanism is installed on the marble bed (101).

3. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 2, characterized in that: The chip removal mechanism comprises a spiral chip removal machine (103); a chip removal slope (1031) is provided inside the marble bed (101); and an iron chip collection frame (1032) is provided on one side of the marble bed (101).

4. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sliding saddle component (4) comprises a saddle (405), the saddle (405) being slidably mounted on a Y-axis ball guide rail (102), a Y-axis support (402) and a Y-axis motor seat (403) being respectively arranged on both sides of the saddle (405), a Y-axis double ball screw (404) being rotatably mounted between the Y-axis support (402) and the Y-axis motor seat (403), the saddle (405) being threadedly mounted on the outside of the Y-axis double ball screw (404), a Y-axis servo motor (4031) being fixed on the Y-axis motor seat (403), and an output shaft of the Y-axis servo motor (4031) being directly connected to the Y-axis double ball screw (404) via a shaft coupling.

5. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 4, characterized in that: The saddle (405) is provided with an X-axis linear guide rail, a saddle (401) is slidably mounted on the X-axis linear guide rail, an X-axis ball screw (4053) is threadedly mounted inside the saddle (401), an X-axis motor seat (4051) and an X-axis support (4011) are mounted at both ends of the X-axis ball screw (4053), an X-axis servo motor (4052) is fixed on the X-axis motor seat (4051), and an output shaft of the X-axis servo motor (4052) is directly connected to the X-axis ball screw (4053) via a coupling.

6. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 5, characterized in that: A Z-axis motor seat (4061), a Z-axis support (406) and a Z-axis ball screw (4063) are installed on the outside of the slide saddle (401); a Z-axis servo motor (4062) is fixed on the Z-axis motor seat (4061); an output shaft of the Z-axis motor seat (4061) is directly connected to the Z-axis ball screw (4063) via a coupling; the spindle box (301) is installed on the slide saddle (401) via a Z-axis linear guide (304); and the Z-axis linear guide (304) is threadedly matched with the Z-axis ball screw (4063).

7. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the C1 spindle (305) is provided with a rotary cylinder (307), which is connected to a spindle fixture (306) via a pull rod to control the spindle fixture (306) to loosen and clamp a workpiece. The C1 spindle (305) is provided with a synchronous wheel, the outer side of the spindle box (301) is provided with a motor support frame (302), the motor support frame (302) is provided with a C1 axis servo motor (303), the output shaft of the C1 axis servo motor (303) is provided with a synchronous wheel, which is connected to the synchronous wheel at the end of the C1 spindle via a synchronous belt (308), thereby driving the C1 spindle (305) to rotate.

8. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 6, characterized in that: The left swing spindle (201) is a high-precision, high-rigidity turntable return bearing structure. The left swing spindle (201) is directly connected to the left swing spindle servo motor (206) through a high-precision reducer (207) for driving. The right swing spindle (202) is a high-precision tapered bore cylindrical bearing structure, and a hydraulic brake unit (203) is installed on the outside.

9. A composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first feeding mechanism (6) comprises a feeding linear guide rail (601), on which a workpiece unloading platform (603) and a second workpiece positioning device (604) are slidably mounted, and the workpiece unloading platform (603) and the second workpiece positioning device (604) are driven by a feeding cylinder (602).

10. The composite machine tool for hard turning and hard milling of inclined grooves of ball cages according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second feeding mechanism (7) comprises an A-axis linear guide rail (701), an A-axis movable bracket (702) is slidably mounted on the A-axis linear guide rail (701), the A-axis movable bracket (702) is driven by an A-axis servo motor (703), a pneumatic guide rod cylinder (704) is mounted on the A-axis movable bracket (702), an output shaft of the pneumatic guide rod cylinder (704) is rotatably mounted with a pneumatic gripper (705), a gripper rotation servo motor (706) is mounted on the A-axis movable bracket (702), and the gripper rotation servo motor (706) drives the pneumatic gripper (705) to rotate via a synchronous belt (707).

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