Space compact type machine body main bearing stud assembling auxiliary part and assembling method

Abstract

The space compact type machine body main bearing stud assembling auxiliary part comprises a supporting block and a shifting piece, a mounting hole vertically penetrating through the supporting block is formed in the top of the supporting block, an operation window connected with the mounting hole is formed in the position, corresponding to the lower portion of the mounting hole, of one side wall of the supporting block, and the shifting piece is of an inner hexagonal annular structure; and the shifting piece is arranged in the mounting hole and corresponds to the operation window, and the shifting piece can be clamped on the outer side of the nut and can rotate through the rotating pin. The device has the beneficial effects of low manufacturing material price, simplicity in manufacturing, simplicity and convenience in use, rapidness and high efficiency in disassembly and assembly and high safety performance, and is matched with a tensioner for use in stud fastening operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of stud fastening, and in particular relates to an assembly auxiliary for the main bearing stud of a space-compact body and an assembly method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Some diesel engines are characterized by smaller volume, lighter weight and greater power. Therefore, the body of the diesel engine is designed as a space-compact type according to the overall state of the engine. At present, the traditional spinning torque-angle method is used for the assembly of studs at the main bearing cap, which is a key high-load part of the body. After the tightening tool is set to a certain threshold torque value, it is tightened further by a specified angle to fasten the stud to the super-elastic region to control the pre-tightening force of the connecting parts. However, this method has the following disadvantages: 90% of the torque is consumed by friction, and only 10% of the torque is converted into clamping force. Due to the large fluctuation of the torque coefficient, the scatter of the converted clamping force is relatively large, and the clamping force accuracy is low. Moreover, due to the influence of factors such as the accuracy of the tightening tool, the fluctuation of the friction performance, and the fluctuation of the stud strength, generally, the axial pre-tightening force is only 30% - 70% of the yield strength of the stud, or even lower. This results in low stud utilization rate and poor reliability.

[0003] In addition, the above-mentioned diesel engines require higher performance power, smaller volume and lighter weight, which leads to the miniaturization of the structures of various components of the diesel engine. At the same time, under special requirements such as high speed and high load, if the spinning torque-angle method is still used for the fastening connection process, as the surface area of the friction pair decreases and the pre-tightening force increases, it will lead to the loss of the assembly accuracy of the corresponding stud fastening components, the aggravation of the deformation of the thread profile, the friction damage of the thread pair, and the adhesion of the internal thread, which will have an adverse impact on the connection reliability and assembly stability of the high-load stud fastening components. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above, the present invention aims to overcome the above deficiencies in the prior art and proposes an assembly auxiliary for the main bearing stud of a space-compact body and an assembly method thereof.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is realized as follows:

[0006] The assembly auxiliary for the main bearing stud of a space-compact body includes a support block and a dial. A mounting hole vertically penetrating the support block is opened at the top of the support block. An operation window connected to the mounting hole is opened at the lower part of the mounting hole on one side wall of the support block. The dial is an internal hexagonal ring structure and is arranged in the mounting hole corresponding to the operation window. The dial can be clamped outside the nut and rotated through a rotating pin.

[0007] Further, a through hole coaxially connected and communicated with the mounting hole is opened at the bottom of the support block, and a first stop surface is arranged inward at the bottom of the mounting hole at the connection between the through hole and the mounting hole.

[0008] Further, a plurality of connecting holes are evenly formed in the circumferential outer wall of the paddle, and the rotating pin is inserted into one of the connecting holes from the outside of the operation window.

[0009] Further, the connecting holes penetrate through the paddle.

[0010] Further, a limiting hole communicating with the mounting hole is formed at the top of the support block, and the limiting hole is coaxially arranged with the mounting hole. A second stop surface is provided inwardly at the bottom of the limiting hole at the connection between the limiting hole and the mounting hole.

[0011] Further, an avoidance hole penetrating through the support block is vertically formed inside the support block, and the avoidance hole communicates with the mounting hole.

[0012] The present application further provides a method for assembling the main bearing stud of a space - compact body. The above - mentioned assembly auxiliary is used for the operation, and the method includes the following steps:

[0013] A. Screw the stud into the threaded hole of the support tabletop;

[0014] B. Initially screw the nut onto the stud;

[0015] C. Place the support block sleeved outside the nut and the stud on the support tabletop;

[0016] D. Sleeve the paddle outside the stud and place it downward in the support block, so that the paddle is clamped outside the nut;

[0017] E. Fix the stretching head of the stretcher to the stud;

[0018] F. Stretch the stud through the stretcher;

[0019] G. Insert the rotating pin into the paddle at the operation window, and move the rotating pin to drive the paddle to rotate, so that the nut rotates with the paddle until the nut is close to the support tabletop and reaches a tightened state on the stud;

[0020] H. Remove the stretcher, and take off the rotating pin, the support block and the paddle;

[0021] I. Complete the assembly.

[0022] Further, during the process of screwing the nut, the nut is always located inside the paddle.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0024] (1) The manufacturing material of the main bearing stud assembly auxiliary for the space - compact body of the present invention is inexpensive and simple to manufacture. In the operation of tightening the stud, when used in cooperation with the stretcher, it is easy to use, fast and efficient in disassembly and assembly, and has high safety performance;

[0025] (2) The main bearing stud assembly method for the space - compact body of the present invention mainly adopts the stretching and fastening process method, that is, using a stretcher to directly stretch the bolt to the required position and then tighten the nut, completing the effective assembly of the bolt. During the assembly process, there is no torsional shear force and lateral force, no frictional damage to the connecting contact surface, and no frictional damage force. Multiple bolts can be pre - tightened synchronously, and the pre - tightening force of the stud can be accurately controlled, thus solving a series of problems such as poor assembly consistency, low stability, low key assembly accuracy, and abnormal deformation of the main bearing hole caused by the traditional spinning - type torque tightening method when assembling key high - load components of the diesel engine such as the body. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The drawings constituting a part of the present invention are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The schematic embodiments and descriptions thereof of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the drawings:

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural view of the support block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 is a top view of the support block according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural view of the paddle according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 a cross - sectional view taken along the A - A direction in

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural view of the rotating pin according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic structural view of the auxiliary part for the main bearing stud assembly of the space - compact body of the present invention cooperating with the stretcher to assemble the nut on the bolt.

[0033] DESCRIPTION OF THE REFERENCE NUMERALS:

[0034] 1. Support block; 11. Mounting hole; 12. Operation window; 13. Through hole; 14. First stop surface; 15. Limiting hole; 16. Second stop surface; 17. Avoidance hole; 2. Paddle; 21. Connection hole; 3. Rotating pin; 4. Stud; 5. Nut; 6. Stretcher; 61. Stretching head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0035] It should be noted that, without conflict, the embodiments in the present invention and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0036] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationships indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings. These are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of such features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise stated, the meaning of "plurality" is two or more.

[0037] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, the terms "installation", "connection", "coupling" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood through specific circumstances.

[0038] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0039] As shown in the figure, an auxiliary assembly for the main bearing stud of a space-compact body includes a support block 1 and a dial 2. A mounting hole 11 vertically penetrating the support block 1 is provided at the top of the support block 1. An operation window 12 connected to the mounting hole 11 is provided at the lower part of the mounting hole 11 on one side wall of the support block 1. The dial 2 is an internal hexagonal ring structure. The dial 2 is arranged in the mounting hole 11 corresponding to the operation window 12, and the dial 2 can be clamped outside the nut 5 and rotated by a rotating pin 3. The inner hole structure of the dial 2 conforms to the structure of the nut 5, so that the nut 5 can be clamped and driven to rotate.

[0040] A through hole 13 coaxially connected and communicated with the mounting hole 11 is provided at the bottom of the support block 1. A first stop surface 14 is provided inward at the bottom of the mounting hole 11 where the through hole 13 and the mounting hole 11 are connected, that is, the inner diameter of the through hole 13 is smaller than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 11. When the nut 5 falls into the through hole 13, the dial 2 is still located above the first stop surface 14, which is convenient for taking away the dial 2 together when the support block 1 is removed.

[0041] A plurality of connecting holes 21 are evenly formed on the circumferentially outer wall of the paddle 2. The rotating pin 3 is inserted into one of the connecting holes 21 from the outside of the operation window 12. When rotating the paddle 2, it is only necessary to rotate the rotating pin 3 along the central axis of the paddle 2.

[0042] The connecting hole 21 penetrates through the paddle 2.

[0043] A limiting hole 15 communicating with the mounting hole 11 is formed at the top of the support block 1, and the limiting hole 15 is coaxially arranged with the mounting hole 11. The inner diameter of the limiting hole 15 is larger than the inner diameter of the mounting hole 11, so that a second stop surface 16 is provided inward at the bottom of the connection between the limiting hole 15 and the mounting hole 11 for limiting the bottom of the outer shell of the stretcher 6.

[0044] An avoidance hole 17 penetrating through the support block 1 is also vertically formed inside the support block 1, and the avoidance hole 17 communicates with the mounting hole 11. When it is necessary to install nuts 5 on two adjacent studs 4, one of the studs 4 is avoided through the avoidance hole 17, so as to facilitate the installation of the nut 5 on the other stud 4.

[0045] In this embodiment, the inner diameter of the avoidance hole 17 can be set according to the distance between two adjacent studs 4 and the size of the nut 5 installed on the stud 4. For example, when two adjacent studs 4 need to install nuts 5, first use the support block 1 with the avoidance hole 17 having a cross-sectional dimension matching that of the stud 4 for installation. Before placing the support block 1 on the support table surface, a nut 5 is first screwed onto the stud 4 where the nut 5 is to be installed, and then the support block 1 is placed, and the stud 4 passes through the through hole 13, the mounting hole 11, and the limiting hole 15. At the same time, the stud 4 to be avoided passes through the avoidance hole 17, and then the paddle 2 and the stretcher 6 are installed; when avoiding the stud 4 on which the nut 5 has been installed and installing the nut 5 on the nearby stud 4, the support block 1 with the avoidance hole 17 having a dimension matching that of the nut 5 to be avoided is selected for installation. Before placing the support block 1 on the support table surface, a nut 5 is first screwed onto the stud 4 where the nut 5 is to be installed, and then the support block 1 is placed, and the stud 4 passes through the through hole 13, the mounting hole 11, and the limiting hole 15. At the same time, the stud 4 and the nut 5 to be avoided are placed therein through the avoidance hole 17.

[0046] The present application also provides a method for assembling the main bearing stud 4 of a space-compact body, which is operated by using the above-mentioned assembly auxiliary parts, including the following steps:

[0047] A. Screw the stud 4 into the threaded hole of the support table surface; in this embodiment, the support table surface is a planar structure corresponding to the threaded hole on the main bearing cover;

[0048] B. Initially screw the nut 5 onto the stud 4;

[0049] C. Place the support block 1 sleeved on the outside of the nut 5 and the stud 4 on the support table;

[0050] D. Sleeve the pick 2 on the outside of the stud 4 and place it downward in the middle of the support block 1, so that the pick 2 is clamped on the outside of the nut 5;

[0051] E. Fix the stretching head 61 of the stretcher 6 and the stud 4 together;

[0052] F. Start the tensioner 6 through the hydraulic system, and stretch the stud 4 through the tensioner 6;

[0053] G. Insert the rotating pin 3 into the plectrum 2 at the operation window 12, and move the rotating pin 3 to drive the plectrum 2 to rotate, so that the nut 5 rotates with the plectrum 2 until the nut 5 is close to the supporting table and is tightened on the stud 4;

[0054] H. Remove the stretcher 6, and remove the rotating pin 3, the support block 1 and the paddle 2;

[0055] I. Complete the assembly.

[0056] During the process of screwing the nut 5 , the nut 5 is always located in the plectrum 2 , that is, the thickness of the nut 5 is greater than the depth of the through hole 13 . When the nut 5 is pressed against the support surface, the upper side of the nut 5 can still be exposed from the through hole 13 and be clamped in the plectrum 2 .

[0057] In this embodiment, the stretcher 6 is an existing device, and driving the stretcher 6 by a hydraulic system is also common knowledge that can be mastered by those skilled in the art. Therefore, the structure and use principle of the stretcher 6 are not described in detail here.

[0058] The working process of this embodiment is as follows:

[0059] First, the stretching head 61 is fastened to the upper side of the stud 4, and then the stretcher 6 is started from the hydraulic system to push the stretcher 6 upward, thereby driving the stretching head 61 to move upward, so that the stud 4 is stretched; after stretching into place, the end of the rotating pin 3 is inserted into one of the connecting holes 21 at the operating window 12, and the rotating pin 3 is moved to offset in the horizontal plane (in this process, due to the limitation of the operating window 12, the rotating pin 3 can be removed and reinserted into the new connecting hole 21 after offsetting a certain angle and then operated again), driving the paddle 2 to rotate, and the nut 5 rotates synchronously with the paddle 2, and finally the nut 5 is tightened, the oil pressure is unloaded, the stretcher 6 is removed, and the assembly is completed.

[0060] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Space-compact main bearing stud assembly auxiliary component, characterized by: It includes a support block and a paddle. A mounting hole that vertically penetrates the support block is opened on the top of the support block. An operating window connected to the mounting hole is opened on the side wall of the support block at the lower part corresponding to the mounting hole. The paddle is a hexagonal ring structure. The paddle is arranged in the mounting hole corresponding to the operating window, and the paddle can be clamped on the outside of the nut and rotated by a rotating pin.

2. The space-compact main bearing stud assembly auxiliary component of claim 1, characterized in that: A through hole coaxial with and in communication with the mounting hole is provided at the bottom of the support block, and a first stop surface is provided inwardly at the bottom of the mounting hole at the connection between the through hole and the mounting hole.

3. The space-compact main bearing stud assembly auxiliary component of claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of connection holes are evenly arranged on the outer circumferential wall of the paddle, and the rotating pin is inserted into one of the connection holes from the outer side of the operating window.

4. The space-compact main bearing stud assembly auxiliary component of claim 3, characterized in that: The connection hole runs through the paddle setting.

5. The space-compact main bearing stud assembly auxiliary component of claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting hole connected with the mounting hole is provided on the top of the support block, and the limiting hole and the mounting hole are coaxially arranged. A second stop surface is provided inwardly at the bottom of the limiting hole at the connection between the limiting hole and the mounting hole.

6. The space-compact main bearing stud assembly auxiliary component of claim 1, characterized in that: A avoidance hole penetrating the support block is vertically opened inside the support block, and the avoidance hole is communicated with the mounting hole.

7. A method for assembling a main bearing stud of a compact machine body, using the auxiliary component for assembling a main bearing stud of a compact machine body as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A. Screw the stud into the threaded hole of the support table; B. Preliminarily screw the nut onto the stud; C. Place a support block on the support table that is sleeved on the outside of the nut and stud; D. Sleeve the pick on the outside of the stud and place it down in the support block so that the pick is clamped on the outside of the nut; E. Fix the stretching head of the stretcher to the stud; F. Stretching the studs by means of a stretcher; G. Insert the rotating pin on the pick at the operating window, and move the rotating pin to drive the pick to rotate, so that the nut rotates with the pick until the nut is close to the supporting table and is tightened on the stud; H. Remove the tensioner, take out the rotating pin, support block and paddle; I. Complete the assembly.

8. The method for assembling main bearing studs of a compact engine body according to claim 7, characterized in that: The nut is always located in the pick while turning the nut.

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