Prefabricated T-beam formwork suitable for large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radius and construction method

Abstract

The invention discloses a prefabricated T-beam formwork suitable for large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radius and a construction method. A road small radius and same span beam length change is large, and the small radius is accompanied by a large transverse slope and a large longitudinal slope. The T-beam bottom formwork is provided with a longitudinal slope adjuster capable of changing positions at will; length adjusting section templates are designed on the beam body middle uniform-section section and the beam end uniform-section section; the reasonable positions of the side mold and the wing mold are divided and hinged, and a screw rod is arranged at the end part of a wing plate, so that free and flexible adjustment of a large cross slope of the wing plate is realized; the bottom die and the end plate of the beam middle diaphragm plate are arranged in the side die and are of a cross slope adjustable structure; beam end diaphragm plates are cast in place on an axle after a beam body is hoisted in place, only oblique crossing steel bars are reserved on the end diaphragm plates, and it is guaranteed that the central axes of the beam end diaphragm plates of all beams of the same span are collinear; the beam end formwork is of a side wing end wrapping type and is divided into a lower fixed formwork body and an upper movable formwork body, the end face of the lower fixed formwork body is perpendicular to the axis of a beam body, the tensioning requirement is met, and the upper movable formwork body can achieve trapezoid design and cross slope adjustment of the beam body. The template is easy to demould, can realize all alignment of diaphragm plates at corresponding positions of same-span beam pieces, and has good adaptability to small radiuses.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of bridges, and particularly relates to a precast T-beam formwork and construction method suitable for large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii. Background Art

[0002] In the small-radius curve section of a highway ramp bridge, small-span continuous beams or steel beams are generally used for construction. However, due to the influence of some special structures such as crossing rivers, roads and structures, as well as considering factors such as cost and construction period, a concrete simply supported beam structure with large span and small radius for precast erection construction will be designed. In the construction of precast simply supported beams with large transverse slopes, large longitudinal slopes and small radii, the beam lengths of different spans are different, and the beam lengths in the small-radius section of the same span vary greatly. During the precast process, the beam lengths need to be continuously adjusted; according to the design requirements, the diaphragms of the beam body should be aligned. If inclined diaphragms are used during the precast process, since the beam body is a precast structure, there will be difficulties in demolding the beam body. In the conventional precast structure, the beam body is only adjusted in the equal-section section of the beam, the transverse slope is set on the wing plate, and the transverse slope is not set on the diaphragm conventionally. This will cause the diaphragms of multiple beams in the same span to be unable to be aligned both front and back and up and down after hoisting and positioning. The steel bar connection and concrete pouring are both in a bent shape, and the beam body is in a poor stress state at the curve end, bringing potential safety hazards to the subsequent operation. The conventional method for the beam end is to set it normal to the axis of the beam body, and the top plate of the beam body is a rectangular structure. However, in the small-curve section, it will cause interference between the flange plates of the front and rear spans, and the beam body cannot be positioned, and the beam joint is serrated, affecting the aesthetics and the stress of the bridge deck. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a precast T-beam formwork and construction method suitable for large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii, and solve the problems existing in mass-produced precast assembled simply supported beams in small-radius, large-transverse-slope, large-longitudinal-slope sections, such as large changes in beam length, many changes in slope, difficult adjustment of transverse slope, inability to align the diaphragms both front and back and up and down, and interference at the beam end.

[0004] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: A precast T-beam formwork suitable for large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii, the formwork includes: a bottom formwork (1), side formworks (2), wing formworks (3), end formworks (4), edge formworks (5), diaphragm formworks (6), tie rods (7), and working platforms (8), and is characterized in that: the bottom formwork (1) and the side formworks (2) are fixed by tensioning with tie rods (7); the wing formworks (3) and the side formworks (4) are connected by hinges, and the ends of the wing formworks (3) are supported by screw rods with the side formwork supports (2-6); the end formwork (4) is fixed in such a way that the bottom formwork (1), side formworks (2), wing formworks (3) and edge formworks (5) wrap the end formwork (4); the edge formworks (5) are installed on the outside of the wing formworks (3) by bolts; the diaphragm formworks (6) are in the way that the diaphragm side formworks (6-3) wrap the diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1) and the diaphragm end formwork (6-2).

[0005] The bottom mold (1) is composed of multiple bottom mold segments (1-1); a single bottom mold segment (1-1) is composed of a bottom mold bottom plate (1-4) and a bottom mold cover plate (1-3), and longitudinal slope adjusters (1-2) are arranged at both ends of the bottom mold (1); among them, the bottom mold cover plate (1-3), the longitudinal slope adjusters (1-2) and the bottom mold bottom plate (1-4) are detachable structures, and the bottom mold cover plate (1-3) and the longitudinal slope adjusters (1-2) can be interchangeably installed at any position on the bottom mold bottom plate (1-4) to adapt to the change in the installation position of the longitudinal slope adjusters (1-2) when the beam length changes.

[0006] The side mold (2) is composed of a side mold end section with a transverse diaphragm (2-1), a side mold end equal-section length-adjusting section (2-2), a side mold variable-section section (2-3), a side mold middle section with a transverse diaphragm (2-4), a side mold middle equal-section length-adjusting section (2-5), and a side mold support frame (2-6); the side mold (2) is longitudinally segmented at each transverse diaphragm position; two side mold end equal-section length-adjusting sections (2-2) and two side mold middle equal-section length-adjusting sections (2-5) are provided at the middle equal-section segments on both sides and the equal-section segments at the beam ends; an independent side mold support frame (2-6) is provided for each independent side mold segment longer than 50 cm.

[0007] The break point between the wing mold (3) and the side mold (2) avoids the thickening section of the side plate of the beam and is selected outside the intersection angle of the wing plate and the side plate at the equal-section of the beam end. A straight through-slit is made along the longitudinal normal plane of the wing plate panel and is connected by hinges; the upper part of the wing mold adjusting screw rod (3-1) is connected to the ear seat at the lower part of the wing mold (3), and the lower part of the wing mold adjusting screw rod (3-1) is connected to the ear seat of the side mold support frame (2-6). The treatment method at the intersection of the wing mold (3) and each transverse diaphragm is that the side plate of the wing mold (3) is outside the side plate of the transverse diaphragm; at the same time, a demolding slope is made both downward and outward; it can ensure the free transverse slope adjustment of the wing mold (3) at the intersection with each transverse diaphragm before and after concrete pouring and is easy to demold.

[0008] The described end formwork (4) is composed of a lower fixed formwork (4-1) of the end formwork plate, an upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork (4-2) of the end formwork, an upper cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-3) of the end formwork, and an upper width adjustment formwork (4-4) of the end formwork; the interface between the lower fixed formwork (4-1) of the end formwork plate and the cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-2) is taken at the hinged position where the side formwork (2) and the wing formwork (3) are separated; the panel of the lower fixed formwork (4-1) of the end formwork plate is aligned normally with the panel of the side formwork (2) and is installed and fixed with bolts to meet the requirements of prestress tensioning; the upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork (4-2) of the end formwork is connected to the lower fixed formwork (4-1) of the end formwork by a bolt at the center, and the horizontal rotation angle can be achieved; the upper cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-3) of the end formwork is connected to the upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork (4-3) of the end formwork by two arc-shaped notches + bolt gaskets to achieve the cross slope adjustment of the upper cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-3) of the end formwork; the upper width adjustment formwork (4-4) of the end formwork is in the form of two hinges. One hinge of the upper width adjustment formwork (4-4) of the end formwork is connected to the upper cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-3) by a rectangular notch + bolt gasket, and the other hinge is connected to the side formwork (5) by a rectangular notch + bolt gasket, which can compensate for the change in the upper length of the end formwork (4) caused by the rotation of the end formwork (4); during the horizontal angle adjustment and cross slope adjustment of the end formwork (4), it can ensure the close contact between the end formwork (4) and the side formwork (2), the wing formwork (3), and the side formwork (5) without slurry leakage.

[0009] The described side formwork (5) is assembled in blocks and is connected to each other with bolts on the side. A single block of the side formwork (5) is composed of a side formwork seat plate (5-1), a side formwork switch plate (5-2), and a switch plate pressing plate (5-3); long slot holes are provided at the bottom of the side formwork seat plate (5-1), corresponding to the long slot holes on the side length of the wing formwork (3), and it can be installed with any longitudinal dislocation; the side formwork seat plate (5-1) is provided with rows of upward-opening notches to meet the installation of the top-retained cantilever-exposed circular steel bars; the side formwork switch plate (5-2) is an array E-shaped structure and can slide back and forth after the circular steel bars exposed on the top cantilever of the beam body are installed. Closing the side formwork switch plate (5-3) can achieve the slurry stopping effect, and opening the side formwork switch plate (5-3) during demolding can achieve the rapid demolding of the side formwork (5).

[0010] The described diaphragm formwork (6) is composed of a diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1), a diaphragm end formwork (6-2), and a diaphragm side formwork (6-3); the diaphragm side formwork (6-3) is connected to the side formwork (2) as a whole and is provided with an outward draft slope; the diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1) is designed as a bending structure to ensure convenient demolding under the condition of cross slope adjustment; the diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1) and the diaphragm end formwork (6-2) can slide up and down between the front and rear diaphragm side formworks (6-3) to meet the adjustment with the cross slope change of the wing formwork (3); the diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1), the diaphragm end formwork (6-2), and the diaphragm side formwork (6-3) are connected and fixed with long notches + bolts.

[0011] A construction method for a precast T-beam formwork adaptable to large cross and longitudinal slopes and small radii, characterized by comprising the following steps: S1: Determine technical parameters such as the beam length, span, longitudinal slope, cross slope, and horizontal rotation angle at the beam end of each precast T-beam in a small curve section. S2: Determine and adjust the position of the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) according to the span of this beam, and adjust the slope of the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) according to the longitudinal slope. S3: Install web steel bars, prestressed ducts, etc. S4: Determine the position, assembly length, and position of the diaphragm section (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork of this span of beams. Assemble the side formwork (2), wing formwork (3), lower fixed formwork (4-1) at the end formwork, diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1), and diaphragm end formwork (6-2), and adjust the cross slope values of the wing formwork (3), diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1), and diaphragm end formwork (6-2) according to the parameter cross slope. S5: Install the side formwork (5) and open the side formwork switch plate (5-2). S6: Install the lower fixed formwork (4-1) at the end formwork, install and adjust the upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork (4-2) at the end formwork according to the parameter of the horizontal rotation angle at the beam end, and then install the upper cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-3) and upper width adjustment formwork (4-4) at the end formwork to adapt to the cross slope adjustment of the wing plate. S7: Install top plate steel bars, etc., and close the side formwork switch plate (5-2) of the side formwork (5). S8: Fix the side formwork support frame (2-6) through the upper and lower tie rods (7) to reinforce the formwork.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. The bottom formwork is provided with a longitudinally slope-adjustable device that can be arbitrarily transposed. The same beam-making base can adapt to different beam length changes and accurately adjust the slope of the embedded steel edge of the beam body.

[0013] 2. The side formwork is segmented at the diaphragm position, which is convenient for formwork removal and demolding; the side formwork is provided with equal-section length-adjusting joints at the end and a middle equal-section length-adjusting joint in the middle. There are 4 length-adjusting positions for one beam, increasing the adjustment freedom of the beam body.

[0014] 3. For small-radius sections, the beam lengths of different beam spans are adjusted by the equal-section length-adjusting joints in the middle of the side formwork; the equal-section length-adjusting joints in the middle of the side formwork of the same beam span are of equal length, and the beam lengths of different T-beams in the same span are adjusted by the equal-section length-adjusting joints at the end of the side formwork. In this way, multiple diaphragms in the middle of the same beam span can be orthogonally aligned, and the transverse force of the beam body is optimal.

[0015] 4. Both the side formwork and the diaphragm formwork can achieve the adjustment of positive and negative large cross slopes, meeting the requirements of the transverse inclination and straightness correspondence of the beam body surface and the diaphragm position, with good appearance quality, simple construction, and better force.

[0016] 5. The end formwork adopts a multi-piece combined design. The lower part of the end formwork meets the requirements of web tensioning, and the upper part can horizontally rotate by an angle to meet the requirements of the trapezoid on the top surface of the beam body. At the same time, it adapts to the requirements of cross slope adjustment and end formwork length compensation. After horizontal rotation and cross slope rotation, the end formwork can be closely attached to the side formwork, wing formwork, and edge formwork without leakage of grout.

[0017] 6. The edge formwork adopts a multi-section assembled structure + single-section independent switch plate design. By opening and closing the switch plate, the problem of grout leakage from the U-shaped steel bar formwork outside the edge formwork can be solved. The single-piece weight is light, and the operation is fast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 is the side view of the overall formwork assembly; Figure 2 is the top view of the partial formwork assembly; Figure 3 is the front view of the formwork assembly; Figure 4 is the sectional view of the formwork at the diaphragm position; Figure 5 is the top view of the end formwork; Figure 6 is the layout schematic diagram of a 39m-span and 120m-radius single-span beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with embodiments.

[0020] Taking the T-beam of the ramp bridge on the Guijin Expressway as an example, the specific implementation method of the formwork will be described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings: The maximum designed span of the Dujiashan ramp bridge on the Guijin Expressway is a 39m-span T-beam, with a curve radius of 120m, a longitudinal slope of 4%, a cross slope of 6%, a horizontal rotation angle of the beam end face of 9.33°, a bridge deck width of 10.5m, and five T-beams in a single span. The theoretical beam length difference between the inner side beam (beam length 37.678m, span 36.429m) and the outer side beam (beam length 40.848m, span 39.65m) within the same span is 3.22m. See Figure 6The bridge is constructed by prefabrication and erection. The working conditions of large longitudinal slope, large transverse slope, small radius and large span pose challenges to the prefabrication, erection and diaphragm pouring of T-beams.

[0021] In this project, the length of the transverse diaphragm section (2-1) at the end of the side formwork is 0.5m, the length of the variable cross-section section (2-3) of the side formwork is 8.66m, and the length of the transverse diaphragm section (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork is 2m. The above section formworks are of fixed length. The equal cross-section length-adjusting sections (2-2) at the end of the side formwork are divided into 0.1m, 0.2m, 0.5m, and 1m sections, and the equal cross-section length-adjusting sections (2-5) in the middle of the side formwork are divided into 0.1m, 0.2m, 0.5m, 1m, and 2m sections, which are assembled length-adjusting sections. The adjusting spacing of the longitudinal slope adjuster of the bearing embedded plate is 0.1m.

[0022] Step 1: Determine the technical parameters such as the theoretical beam length, span, longitudinal slope, transverse slope, and horizontal rotation angle at the beam end of each precast T-beam in a small-radius curve span. Taking the inner side beam as an example, the theoretical beam length = 37.678m, the span = 36.429m, the longitudinal slope = 4%, the transverse slope = 6%, and the horizontal rotation angle at the beam end = 9.33°; Step 2: Assemble the bottom formwork (1). Determine according to the span of this beam and adjust the position of the longitudinal slope adjuster. The theoretical distance between the longitudinal slope adjusters at both ends = span = 36.429m. Since the adjusting spacing of the longitudinal slope adjuster of the bearing embedded plate is 0.1m, the actual distance between the longitudinal slope adjusters at both ends is taken as 36.4m; Adjust the slope of the longitudinal slope adjuster according to the longitudinal slope = 4%; Step 3: Install web reinforcement, prestressed ducts, etc.; Step 4: Determine the position, assembled length and position of the transverse diaphragm section (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork in this span of the beam. The joints of the two symmetrically spliced transverse diaphragm sections (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork in this span coincide with the middle of the beam length; The equal cross-section length-adjusting section (2-2) at the end of the side formwork is not installed on the inner side beam.

[0023] The length of the equal cross-section length-adjusting section (2-5) in the middle of the inner side beam side formwork = half of the inner side beam span - the transverse diaphragm section (2-1) at the end of the side formwork - the variable cross-section section (2-3) of the side formwork - the transverse diaphragm section (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork * 2 = 36.429 / 2 - 0.5 - 8.66 - 2 * 2 = 5.0545m; The minimum adjusting length of the side formwork is 0.1m, and the assembled length of the equal cross-section length-adjusting section (2-5) in the middle of the inner side beam side formwork is taken as 5m.

[0024] The side formwork and wing formwork of each block are modular structures with equal length and independent transverse slope adjustment. Assemble the side formwork + wing formwork modules of the curve inner side beam according to the determined length, and finally install the equal cross-section length-adjusting section (2-2 (0.5m)) at the end of the side formwork at the beam end to facilitate the installation of the end formwork.

[0025] After the installation of the side formwork and wing formwork is completed, continue to install the lower fixed formwork of the end formwork, the bottom formwork of the diaphragm, and the end formwork of the diaphragm, and adjust the cross slope values of the wing formwork, the bottom formwork of the diaphragm, and the end formwork of the diaphragm according to the parameter of 6% cross slope.

[0026] S5: Install the side formwork (5) and open the side formwork switch plate (5-2); S6: Install the lower fixed formwork (4-1) of the end formwork; install the upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork (4-2) of the end formwork on the lower fixed formwork (4-1). The horizontal rotation angle at the beam end of this span is 9.33°. Adjust the upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork (4-2) of the end formwork according to this value; install the upper cross slope angle adjustment formwork (4-3) of the end formwork and adjust the angle to fit the side; install the upper width adjustment formwork (4-4) of the end formwork. This formwork will adapt to the cross slope of the wing plate and compensate for the change in the top length caused by the end skew. S7: Install the top reinforcement, etc., and close the side formwork switch plate (5-2) of the side formwork (5); S8: Strengthen the formwork with the upper and lower tie rods (7) through the fixed side formwork support frame (2-6).

[0027] Among them: The end section of the side formwork with a diaphragm, the variable cross-section section of the side formwork, and the middle section of the side formwork with a diaphragm have fixed lengths, while the equal cross-section length-adjustable sections at the end of the side formwork and the equal cross-section length-adjustable sections in the middle of the side formwork have adjustable lengths.

[0028] For the beams in different spans, determine the assembly length of the equal cross-section length-adjustable section in the middle of the side formwork of this span according to the shortest length (not installed) of the equal cross-section length-adjustable section at the end of the side formwork of the curve inner side beam; For different beams in the same span, adjust the length by adjusting the equal cross-section length-adjustable section at the end of the side formwork; The plane layout of the middle diaphragm is perpendicular to the axis of the beam body; Both the wing formwork and the diaphragm formwork are provided with cross slopes; When prefabricating the end diaphragm, reserve the skew reinforcement. After the lifting of the beam at the bridge position is completed, then pour the concrete to make the central axes of the end diaphragms of each beam in the same span coaxial and parallel to the central axis of the supporting pier on the same side; avoiding the problem of difficult demoulding of the skew diaphragm.

[0029] The upper horizontal angle adjustment formwork that can rotate is provided at the top of the end formwork to ensure that the beam end is arranged obliquely and ensure that the end faces of each beam in the same span are parallel to the axis of the supporting pier on the same side.

[0030] Note: The formwork spanning across the remaining beam slabs is installed similarly. The length of the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-5) in the middle of the side formwork of this span = the length of the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-5) in the middle of the side formwork of the inner side beam = 5m. The adjustment of the beam length in the same span is adjusted through the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-2) at the end of the side formwork. Taking the longest outer side beam as an example, the assembled length of the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-2) at the end of the side formwork of the outer side beam is the outer side beam span / 2 - the cross-diaphragm section (2-1) at the end of the side formwork - the variable cross-section section (2-3) of the side formwork - the cross-diaphragm section (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork * 2 - the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-5) in the middle of the inner side beam side formwork = 39.65 / 2 - 0.5 - 8.66 - 2 * 2 - 5 = 1.665m. The minimum adjustment length of the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-2) at the end of the side formwork is 0.1m, and the equal cross-section length adjustment section (2-2) at the end of the outer side beam side formwork is taken as 1.7m.

Claims

1. A prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii, comprising a bottom formwork (1), a side formwork (2), a wing formwork (3), an end formwork (4), a side formwork (5), a diaphragm formwork (6), a tie rod (7) and a working platform (8), characterized in that: The bottom mold (1) and the side mold (2) are fixed by tensioning with a tension rod (7); the wing mold (3) and the side mold (4) are hingedly connected, and the end of the wing mold (3) and the side mold support frame (2-6) are supported by a screw rod; the end mold (4) is wrapped by the bottom mold (1), the side mold (2), the wing mold (3) and the side mold (5); the side mold (5) is fixed on the outside of the wing mold (3); the diaphragm mold (6) uses the diaphragm side mold (6-3) to wrap the diaphragm bottom mold (6-1) and the diaphragm end mold (6-2).

2. A prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom mold (1) is composed of a plurality of bottom mold sections (1-1); a single bottom mold section (1-1) is composed of a bottom mold base plate (1-4) and a bottom mold cover plate (1-3); longitudinal slope adjusters (1-2) are arranged at both ends of the bottom mold (1); the bottom mold cover plate (1-3), the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) and the bottom mold base plate (1-4) are detachable structures, and the bottom mold cover plate (1-3) and the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) can be interchangeably installed at any position of the bottom mold base plate (1-4), so as to adapt to the change of the installation position of the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) when the beam length changes.

3. The prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side form (2) is composed of a side form end section with a transverse partition (2-1), a side form end section with a constant cross-section length adjustment (2-2), a side form variable cross-section section (2-3), a side form middle section with a transverse partition (2-4), a side form middle section with a constant cross-section length adjustment (2-5) and a side form support frame (2-6); the side form (2) is longitudinally segmented at each transverse partition position; two side form end section constant cross-section length adjustment sections (2-2) and two side form middle section constant cross-section length adjustment sections (2-5) are arranged at the middle section with constant cross-section on both sides and the beam end section with constant cross-section; and each independent side form section with a length greater than 50 cm is provided with an independent side form support frame (2-6).

4. The prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wing mold (3) and the side mold (2) are separated from each other, avoiding the thickened section of the side plate of the beam, and a straight through seam is made along the longitudinal normal surface of the wing plate panel at the outside of the intersection angle between the wing plate and the side plate at the equal cross section of the beam end, and the connection is made by hinge; the upper part of the wing mold adjustment screw rod (3-1) is connected to the ear seat of the lower part of the wing mold (3), and the lower part of the wing mold adjustment screw rod (3-1) is connected to the ear seat of the side mold support frame (2-6); the processing method of the wing mold (3) at the intersection with each transverse partition is that the side plate of the wing mold (3) is on the outside of the side plate of the transverse partition; and the draft angle is downward and outward.

5. The prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end mold (4) is composed of a fixed mold (4-1) at the bottom of the end mold, a horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-2) at the top of the end mold, a transverse slope angle adjustment mold (4-3) at the top of the end mold, and a width adjustment mold (4-4) at the top of the end mold; the interface between the fixed mold (4-1) at the bottom of the end mold and the transverse slope angle adjustment mold (4-2) is located at the hinged position where the side mold (2) and the wing mold (3) are separated; the panel of the fixed mold (4-1) at the bottom of the end mold is aligned with the panel of the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-2) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-3) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-4) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-5) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-6) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-7) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-8) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-9) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-1) at the top of the end mold is fixed to the side mold (2) in normal direction and is fixed by bolts; the horizontal angle adjustment mold (4-1) The plate (4-2) is connected to the lower fixed template (4-1) of the end template via a central bolt; the upper transverse slope angle adjustment template (4-3) of the end template is connected to the upper horizontal angle adjustment template (4-3) of the end template via two arc-shaped notches and bolt washers; the upper width adjustment template (4-4) of the end template is a two-piece hinge type, one hinge of the upper width adjustment template (4-4) of the end template is connected to the upper transverse slope angle adjustment template (4-3) of the end template via a rectangular notch and bolt washers, and the other hinge is connected to the side template (5) via a rectangular notch and bolt washers.

6. The prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side mold (5) is assembled in blocks and connected to each other at the side by bolts. A single side mold (5) is composed of a side mold base plate (5-1), a side mold switch plate (5-2), and a switch plate pressure plate (5-3). The side mold base plate (5-1) is provided with a long slot hole at the bottom, which corresponds to the long slot hole on the side of the wing mold (3) and can be installed with any longitudinal offset. The side mold base plate (5-1) is provided with rows of slots that open upward. The side mold switch plate (5-2) is an array E-shaped structure.

7. The prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diaphragm template (6) is composed of a diaphragm bottom template (6-1), a diaphragm end template (6-2), and a diaphragm side template (6-3); the diaphragm side template (6-3) is connected to the side template (2) as a whole and is provided with an outward draft angle; the diaphragm bottom template (6-1) is designed as a bending structure to ensure convenient demoulding under the condition of horizontal slope adjustment; the diaphragm bottom template (6-1) and the diaphragm end template (6-2) can slide up and down between the front and rear diaphragm side templates (6-3) to meet the requirements of adjustment with the change of the horizontal slope of the wing template (3); the diaphragm bottom template (6-1), the diaphragm end template (6-2), and the diaphragm side template (6-3) are connected and fixed by long slots and bolts.

8. A construction method for prefabricated T-beam formwork adapted to large transverse and longitudinal slopes and small radii, characterized in that: The construction method includes the following steps: S1: Determine the technical parameters of the length, span, longitudinal slope, transverse slope, horizontal rotation angle of the beam end of each prefabricated T-beam in the first span of the small curve section; S2: According to the span of the beam, the position of the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) is adjusted, and the slope of the longitudinal slope adjuster (1-2) is adjusted according to the longitudinal slope; S3: Install web reinforcement, prestressed pipes, etc.; S4: Determine the position, assembly length and position of the middle section with diaphragm (2-4) in the middle of the side formwork of the beam in this span. Assemble the side formwork (2), wing formwork (3), the fixed formwork (4-1) at the lower part of the end formwork, the diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1), and the diaphragm end formwork (6-2), and adjust the transverse slope values ​​of the wing formwork (3), the diaphragm bottom formwork (6-1), and the diaphragm end formwork (6-2) according to the parameter transverse slope; S5: Install the side mold (5) and open the side mold switch plate (5-2); S6: Install the lower fixed template of the end form (4-1), install and adjust the upper horizontal angle adjustment template of the end form (4-2) according to the parameter of the horizontal rotation angle of the beam end, and then install the upper transverse slope angle adjustment template of the end form (4-3) and the upper width adjustment template of the end form (4-4) to adapt to the transverse slope adjustment of the wing plate; S7: Install the top plate reinforcement and the like, and close the side form switch plate (5-2) of the side form (5); S8: Fix the side formwork support frame (2-6) through the upper and lower tie rods (7) to reinforce the formwork.

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