Single-side unloading vehicle opening and closing mechanism and railway hopper car

Abstract

The invention provides a single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism and a railroad hopper car, and belongs to the technical field of railroad hopper cars, the opening and closing mechanism comprises a hopper ridge, a pair of bottom doors and a pair of transmission structures, the hopper ridge is in an inverted V shape, and the hopper ridge is provided with a pair of openings; a pair of outer side unloading spaces corresponding to the outer side of the track are formed on the two sides of the outer part of the hopper back, and an inner side unloading space corresponding to the inner side of the track is formed in the hopper back; the bottom door is fixedly provided with an outer side unloading door plate, a door closing goods door plate and an inner side unloading door plate, the bottom door can be matched with a hopper opening and a hopper ridge 1 by adjusting the position of the bottom door, function switching of track single-outer-side unloading, track double-outer-side unloading and inner side unloading is achieved, and the bottom door is suitable for different unloading environments. Cargos in the truck can be unloaded from one side, and unbalance loading of the cargos in the truck is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of railway hopper cars, and more specifically, relates to a single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism and a railway hopper car. Background Art

[0002] As a self-unloading vehicle, a railway hopper car is provided with a hopper and a bottom door opening and closing mechanism at the bottom of the car body. It can unload from the hopper opening without relying on external devices and only by means of the self-weight of the goods, and has good applications in railway transportation.

[0003] Generally, the hopper plate of an existing railway hopper car and the car body are of a fixed structure, that is, the position of the hopper plate is fixed relative to the car body, resulting in the inability to change the unloading position of the vehicle. For example, the unloading position of a bottom-opening hopper car and a grain hopper car is inside the track, the unloading position of a side-opening hopper car is outside the track, and the ballast hopper car is provided with a bottom door opening and closing structure and a hopper plate in the middle and on the side of the car body to achieve the unloading function at fixed positions inside and outside the track, but it does not have the ability to convert the unloading position from outside the track to inside the track.

[0004] When an existing railway hopper car is unloading, when encountering the working condition of only needing to unload on one side, the goods in the car body cannot be completely unloaded, resulting in uneven loading of the goods in the car and affecting the operation of the vehicle. Some mines or power plants cannot use the existing hopper cars to unload because there is only a unloading pit on one side of the track in their unloading sites. With the development of users' personalized needs for railway hopper cars, the existing unloading structures of railway hopper cars can no longer meet the new requirements. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism and a railway hopper car to solve the problems that the existing railway hopper cars cannot switch the unloading position and cannot completely unload when unloading on one side.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, in the first aspect, the present invention provides a single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism, including:

[0007] A hopper ridge, which is used to be arranged below the hopper opening at the bottom of the hopper. The hopper ridge is in an inverted V shape. The hopper ridge is provided with a pair of openings. The upper parts of the pair of openings form a ridge part, and the lower parts of the pair of openings form a pair of back parts. The outer sides of the hopper ridge form a pair of outer unloading spaces corresponding to the outside of the track, and the inner part of the hopper ridge forms an inner unloading space corresponding to the inside of the track;

[0008] A pair of bottom doors, the pair of bottom doors corresponding to a pair of the openings, the bottom doors fixedly provided with outer unloading door panels, closing goods door panels and inner unloading door panels, the bottom doors being used for movably connecting with the vehicle body and switching positions by moving; when the bottom doors move to the outer unloading working position, the funnel openings communicate with the outer unloading spaces on the corresponding sides, and the outer unloading door panels cooperate with the ridge parts and the back parts to close the openings on the corresponding sides; when the bottom doors move to the closing working position, the closing goods door panels cooperate with the ridge parts and the funnel openings to isolate the funnel openings from the openings and the outer unloading spaces on the corresponding sides; when the bottom doors move to the inner unloading working position, the pair of inner unloading door panels cooperate with the funnel openings and the openings to communicate the funnel openings with the inner unloading spaces and isolate the funnel openings from the pair of outer unloading spaces;

[0009] A pair of transmission structures, the pair of transmission structures being connected to the pair of bottom doors and used for driving the bottom doors to move.

[0010] Optionally, when the bottom doors move to the outer unloading working position, the closing goods door panels and the inner unloading door panels are located inside the funnel ridge, and the outer unloading door panels cover the openings;

[0011] When the bottom doors move to the closing working position, the upper parts of the closing goods door panels are connected to the edges of the funnel openings, and the lower parts of the closing goods door panels are connected to the lower edges of the ridge parts;

[0012] When the bottom doors move to the inner unloading working position, the pair of outer unloading door panels form an inner unloading channel, the upper part of the inner unloading channel is connected to the funnel opening, and the lower part of the inner unloading channel is aligned with the opening.

[0013] Optionally, the bottom doors are used for rotatably connecting with the vehicle body and switching positions by rotating.

[0014] Optionally, the outer unloading door panels, the closing goods door panels and the inner unloading door panels are arranged at an angle in sequence and form an approximate n - shape.

[0015] Optionally, the outer unloading door panels are flat.

[0016] Optionally, the closing goods door panels are arc surfaces protruding towards the outer periphery of the bottom doors.

[0017] Optionally, the inner unloading door panels are arc surfaces protruding towards the inner periphery of the bottom doors.

[0018] Optionally, this unilateral truck unloading opening - closing mechanism further includes:

[0019] A pair of deflector plates, the pair of deflector plates are arranged obliquely downward in the inner unloading space, and the pair of deflector plates are fixedly connected to the pair of backs.

[0020] Optionally, the transmission structure includes:

[0021] A crank, one end of the crank is used for rotatably connecting with the vehicle body;

[0022] A connecting rod, one end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the other end of the crank, and the other end of the connecting rod is rotatably connected to the bottom door.

[0023] In a second aspect, the present invention provides a railway hopper car, including:

[0024] The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism described in the first aspect;

[0025] A hopper car body, and the single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism is installed on the hopper car body.

[0026] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: A single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism is provided, including a hopper ridge, a pair of bottom doors and a pair of transmission structures. The hopper ridge is in an inverted V shape. The hopper ridge is provided with a pair of openings. Outer unloading spaces corresponding to the outer sides of the track are formed on both outer sides of the hopper ridge, and an inner unloading space corresponding to the inner side of the track is formed inside the hopper ridge; the bottom door is fixedly provided with an outer unloading door panel, a closing goods door panel and an inner unloading door panel. The bottom door can cooperate with the hopper opening and the hopper ridge 1 by adjusting the position of the bottom door to realize the function switching of single outer-side unloading on the track, double outer-side unloading on the track and inner-side unloading, which is applicable to different unloading environments, and can unload the goods in the car on one side, avoiding uneven loading of the goods in the car.

[0027] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent specific implementation part. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] By describing the exemplary embodiments of the present invention in more detail in conjunction with the drawings, the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more obvious. Among them, in the exemplary embodiments of the present invention, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components.

[0029] Figure 1 The schematic structural diagram of the single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism device according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0030] Figure 2 The schematic structural diagram of the bottom door according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0031] Figure 3Shows a schematic partial structure diagram of the unilateral truck unloading opening and closing mechanism device according to an embodiment of the present invention in the outer unloading working position.

[0032] Figure 4 Shows a schematic partial structure diagram of the unilateral truck unloading opening and closing mechanism device according to an embodiment of the present invention in the inner unloading working position.

[0033] Figure 5 Shows a schematic partial structure diagram of the unilateral truck unloading opening and closing mechanism device according to an embodiment of the present invention in the closed door working position.

[0034] Explanation of reference numerals:

[0035] 1. Hopper ridge; 13. Opening; 14. Ridge part; 15. Back part; 16. Outer unloading space; 17. Inner unloading space; 18. Deflector

[0036] 2. Bottom door; 21. Outer unloading door panel; 22. Closed door cargo door panel; 23. Inner unloading door panel; 24. First rotating shaft

[0037] 3. Transmission structure; 31. Crank; 32. Connecting rod; 33. Second rotating shaft

[0038] 4. Hopper; 41. Hopper opening; 42. Cargo. Detailed implementation manners

[0039] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0040] As Figures 1-5 shown, this embodiment provides a unilateral truck unloading opening and closing mechanism, including:

[0041] The hopper ridge 1, the hopper ridge 1 is used to be arranged below the hopper opening 41 at the bottom of the hopper 4. The hopper ridge 1 is in an inverted V shape. The hopper ridge 1 is provided with a pair of openings 13. The upper parts of the pair of openings 13 form a ridge part 14. The lower parts of the pair of openings 13 form a pair of back parts 15. The outer sides of the hopper ridge 1 form a pair of outer unloading spaces 16 corresponding to the outside of the track. The inside of the hopper ridge 1 forms an inner unloading space 17 corresponding to the inside of the track;

[0042] A pair of bottom doors 2, the pair of bottom doors 2 corresponding to a pair of openings 13. The bottom doors 2 are fixedly provided with outer unloading door panels 21, closing cargo door panels 22 and inner unloading door panels 23. The bottom doors 2 are used for movably connecting with the vehicle body and switching positions by moving. When the bottom doors 2 move to the outer unloading working position, the funnel openings 41 communicate with the outer unloading spaces 16 on the corresponding sides, and the outer unloading door panels 21 cooperate with the ridge parts 14 and the back parts 15 to close the openings 13 on the corresponding sides. When the bottom doors 2 move to the closing working position, the closing cargo door panels 22 cooperate with the ridge parts 14 and the funnel openings 41 to isolate the funnel openings 41 from the openings 13 on the corresponding sides and the outer unloading spaces 16 on the corresponding sides. When the bottom doors 2 move to the inner unloading working position, the pair of inner unloading door panels 23 cooperate with the funnel openings 41 and the openings 13 to make the funnel openings 41 communicate with the inner unloading spaces 17 and isolate the funnel openings 41 from the pair of outer unloading spaces 16.

[0043] A pair of transmission structures 3, the pair of transmission structures 3 being connected to the pair of bottom doors 2 and used for driving the bottom doors 2 to move.

[0044] The usage method and working principle of this unilateral car unloading opening and closing mechanism are as follows: When not unloading, both of the two bottom doors 2 are moved to the closing working position. As Figure 5 shown, the funnel openings 41 are closed and the goods 42 cannot be unloaded. When unloading simultaneously to both sides of the track, both of the two bottom doors 2 are moved to the outer unloading working position. As Figure 3 shown, the funnel openings 41 are isolated from the inner unloading spaces 17, and the goods 42 in the funnel 4 cannot enter the inner unloading spaces 17. The funnel openings 41 communicate with the pair of outer unloading spaces 16, and the goods 42 in the funnel 4 are unloaded from the bottom funnel openings 41 and enter the pair of outer unloading spaces 16, and the goods 42 slide along the pair of back parts 15 to both sides of the track. When unloading to one side of the track, the bottom door 2 on the corresponding side is moved to the outer unloading working position, and the bottom door 2 on the other side is moved to the closing working position. When unloading to the inner side of the track, both of the two bottom doors 2 are moved to the inner unloading working position. As Figure 4 shown, the funnel openings 41 are isolated from the outer unloading spaces 16, and the goods 42 cannot enter the outer unloading spaces 16. The funnel openings 41 communicate with the inner unloading spaces 17, and the goods 42 in the funnel 4 are unloaded from the bottom funnel openings 41 and enter the inner unloading spaces 17, and the goods 42 fall from the inner unloading spaces 17 to the inner side of the track.

[0045] Specifically, this unilateral car unloading opening and closing mechanism can cooperate with the funnel openings 41 and the funnel ridge 1 by adjusting the positions of the bottom doors 2 to realize the function switching of single outer side unloading on the track, double outer side unloading on the track and inner side unloading, which is applicable to different unloading environments, and can unload the goods 42 in the car unilaterally to avoid uneven loading of the goods 42 in the car.

[0046] Optionally, when the bottom door 2 moves to the outer unloading working position, the closing cargo door panel 22 and the inner unloading door panel 23 are located inside the funnel ridge 1 and the outer unloading door panel 21 covers the opening 13; the closing cargo door panel 22 and the inner unloading door panel 23 are located inside the funnel ridge 1, which will not hinder the unloading of the cargo 42 from the funnel opening 41, nor will it hinder the sliding of the cargo 42 along the ridge. The outer unloading door panel 21 covers the opening 13, so that the cargo 42 will not enter the inner unloading space 17, and the outer unloading door panel 21 can also form a flat surface with the back 15 to guide the sliding of the cargo 42.

[0047] When the bottom door 2 moves to the closing working position, the upper part of the closing cargo door panel 22 is connected to the edge of the funnel opening 41, and the lower part of the closing cargo door panel 22 is connected to the lower edge of the ridge 14; the cargo 42 is blocked by the closing cargo door panel 22 and the ridge 14, and will not slide into the outer unloading space on the corresponding side, nor will it fall into the inner unloading space.

[0048] When the bottom door 2 moves to the inner unloading working position, a pair of outer unloading door panels 21 form an inner unloading channel. The upper part of the inner unloading channel is connected to the funnel opening 41, and the lower part of the inner unloading channel is aligned with the opening 13. The cargo 42 is blocked by the outer unloading door panels 21 and will not slide into the outer unloading space. The lower part of the inner unloading channel being aligned with the opening 13 can guide the cargo 42 into the inner unloading space.

[0049] Optionally, the bottom door 2 is used for rotatably connecting with the vehicle body and switching positions by rotation. In this embodiment, the bottom door 2 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body through the first rotating shaft 24.

[0050] Optionally, the outer unloading door panel 21, the closing cargo door panel 22 and the inner unloading door panel 23 are arranged at an angle in sequence and form an approximate n - shape. Specifically, the n - shape is conducive to realizing position switching through rotation. In this embodiment, the outer unloading door panel 21, the closing cargo door panel 22 and the inner unloading door panel 23 are all made of plates and can be assembled into a module, with simple production and installation processes and convenient maintenance.

[0051] Optionally, the outer unloading door panel 21 is a flat surface.

[0052] Specifically, setting the outer unloading door panel 21 as a flat surface is conducive to cooperating with the back 15 to form a flat plane, and the cargo 42 slides more smoothly.

[0053] Optionally, the closing cargo door panel 22 is a curved surface protruding towards the outer periphery of the bottom door 2.

[0054] Specifically, the contact surface between the closing cargo door panel 22 and the cargo 42 is a curved surface, which can reduce the extrusion of the cargo 42 when the bottom door 2 moves, convert part of the extrusion force into frictional force, and is light and labor - saving.

[0055] Optionally, the inner unloading door panel 23 is an arc surface protruding towards the inner circumference of the bottom door 2.

[0056] Specifically, the inner unloading door panel 23 is arranged as an arc surface, which can improve the stiffness of the inner unloading door panel 23 on the one hand and ensure the size of the unloading opening at the door opening position on the other hand.

[0057] Optionally, the single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism further includes a pair of guide plates 18. The pair of guide plates 18 are arranged obliquely downward in the inner unloading space 17, and the pair of guide plates 18 are fixedly connected to the pair of backs 15.

[0058] Specifically, the pair of guide plates 18 can concentrate the goods 42 to be unloaded in the middle.

[0059] Optionally, the transmission structure 3 includes:

[0060] A crank 31, one end of the crank 31 is used for rotatably connecting with the vehicle body;

[0061] A connecting rod 32, one end of the connecting rod 32 is rotatably connected to the other end of the crank 31, and the other end of the connecting rod 32 is rotatably connected to the bottom door 2.

[0062] Specifically, the transmission structure 3 can transmit the driving force of manpower or equipment to the bottom door 2 to drive the bottom door 2 to act. The crank 31 and the connecting rod 32 can also form an eccentric moment, and rely on the self-weight of the goods 42 to achieve self-locking when closing the door, so as to prevent the bottom door 2 from being accidentally opened. In this embodiment, one end of the crank 31 is rotatably connected to the vehicle body through a second rotating shaft 33.

[0063] This embodiment also provides a railway hopper car, including:

[0064] The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism in this embodiment;

[0065] The hopper car body, and the single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism is installed on the hopper car body.

[0066] Specifically, the railway hopper car can realize the function switching of single outer side unloading, double outer side unloading and inner side unloading on the track through the single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism, is applicable to different unloading environments, and can unload the goods 42 in the car on one side, avoiding uneven loading of the goods 42 in the car.

[0067] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. The above description is exemplary and not exhaustive, and is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. Many modifications and variations are obvious to those of ordinary skill in the art in the technical field without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.

Claims

1. A single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism, characterized in that: include: A funnel back (1), the funnel back (1) being arranged below a funnel opening (41) at the bottom of the funnel (4), the funnel back (1) being in an inverted V shape, the funnel back (1) being provided with a pair of openings (13), the upper portions of the pair of openings (13) forming a ridge (14), the lower portions of the pair of openings (13) forming a pair of backs (15), the outer sides of the funnel back (1) forming a pair of outer unloading spaces (16) corresponding to the outer sides of the track, and the interior of the funnel back (1) forming an inner unloading space (17) corresponding to the inner side of the track; A pair of bottom doors (2), the pair of bottom doors (2) corresponding to the pair of openings (13), the bottom doors (2) being fixedly provided with an outer unloading door panel (21), a door-closing cargo door panel (22) and an inner unloading door panel (23), the bottom doors (2) being used to be movably connected to the vehicle body and to switch positions by movement; when the bottom doors (2) are moved to the outer unloading working position, the funnel opening (41) is communicated with the outer unloading space (16) on the corresponding side, and the outer unloading door panel (21) cooperates with the ridge (14) and the back (15) to close the opening (13) on the corresponding side; When the bottom door (2) moves to the door closing working position, the door closing cargo door plate (22) cooperates with the ridge (14) and the funnel mouth (41) to isolate the funnel mouth (41) from the opening (13) on the corresponding side and the outer unloading space (16) on the corresponding side; when the bottom door (2) moves to the inner unloading working position, a pair of the inner unloading door plates (23) cooperate with the funnel mouth (41) and the opening (13) to connect the funnel mouth (41) with the inner unloading space (17) and isolate the funnel mouth (41) from the pair of the outer unloading spaces (16); A pair of transmission structures (3), the pair of transmission structures (3) are connected to the pair of bottom doors (2) and are used to drive the bottom doors (2) to move.

2. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: When the bottom door (2) moves to the outer unloading working position, the door-closing cargo door plate (22) and the inner unloading door plate (23) are located inside the hopper back (1) and the outer unloading door plate (21) covers the opening (13); When the bottom door (2) moves to the door closing working position, the upper part of the door closing cargo door plate (22) is connected to the edge of the funnel mouth (41), and the lower part of the door closing cargo door plate (22) is connected to the lower edge of the ridge (14); When the bottom door (2) moves to the inner unloading working position, a pair of the outer unloading door panels (21) form an inner unloading channel, the upper portion of the inner unloading channel is connected to the funnel mouth (41), and the lower portion of the inner unloading channel is aligned with the opening (13).

3. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 2, characterized in that: The bottom door (2) is used to be rotatably connected to the vehicle body and to switch positions by rotation.

4. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer unloading door panel (21), the door-closing cargo door panel (22) and the inner unloading door panel (23) are arranged in sequence at an angle and form an approximately N-shape.

5. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The outer unloading door panel (21) is a plane.

6. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The door-closing cargo door panel (22) is a curved surface protruding toward the outer periphery of the bottom door (2).

7. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 4, characterized in that: The inner unloading door plate (23) is a curved surface protruding toward the inner periphery of the bottom door (2).

8. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A pair of guide plates (18), the pair of guide plates (18) are arranged in an inclined downward direction in the inner unloading space (17), and the pair of guide plates (18) are fixedly connected to the pair of back parts (15).

9. The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission structure (3) comprises: A crank (31), one end of which is used for rotationally connecting with the vehicle body; A connecting rod (32), one end of the connecting rod (32) is rotatably connected to the other end of the crank (31), and the other end of the connecting rod (32) is rotatably connected to the bottom door (2).

10. A railway hopper car, characterized in that: include: The single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The hopper car body, the single-side unloading opening and closing mechanism is installed on the hopper car body.

Images