Self-storage type PCB transplanting and stacking equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of PCB transplanting and stacking, in particular to self-storage type PCB transplanting and stacking equipment which comprises a bottom plate and a base fixedly connected with the top of the bottom plate, a feeding area and a stacking area are arranged on the two adjacent side faces of the base respectively, a supporting plate is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a directional track driving mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the supporting plate. The bottom end of a connecting frame included by the directional track driving mechanism is fixedly connected with an adsorption plate used for adsorbing a PCB, and the side wall of the base is provided with an alignment mechanism used for adjusting the position of the PCB. According to the automatic PCB stacking device, automatic stacking of PCBs is achieved through cooperation of material turning, alignment and a directional track driving mechanism, feeding, positioning and track adsorption are completed through assemblies such as an electric push rod, efficiency is improved, cost is reduced, and meanwhile stable movement of the PCBs is guaranteed through cooperation of various structures.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of PCB board transplantation and stacking, and specifically to a self-storage type PCB board transplantation and stacking device. Background Art

[0002] In modern electronic industry, PCB boards are the cornerstone of the operation of electronic devices. To meet the needs of large-scale electronic devices and facilitate maintenance, the research and application of self-storage type PCB board transplantation and stacking devices are of great significance, which will provide an efficient, safe and intelligent solution for PCB board storage management and promote the optimization and upgrading of the production process of the electronic industry.

[0003] In the prior art, there are significant deficiencies in the structural design and function implementation of automated devices for PCB board transplantation and stacking. Most rely on discrete mechanical structures or manual assistance to complete the feeding, positioning and stacking processes. Referring to the relevant content of patent document 202311052644, only single-point suction cups are used for grasping and a continuous feeding mechanism is not integrated, resulting in low connection efficiency between processes and difficulty in forming a full-process automated collaborative operation of "feeding - positioning - stacking". Moreover, the means for controlling the positioning accuracy are limited, and generally use rough adjustments such as mechanical limits or single-direction driving (such as the ejection feeding structure of 202311097630), lacking a real-time position feedback and dynamic correction mechanism based on visual detection, resulting in the offset of the PCB board stacking position. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a self-storage type PCB board transplantation and stacking device to solve the problems mentioned in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A self-storage type PCB board transplantation and stacking device, including a bottom plate and a base fixedly connected to the top thereof. Two adjacent sides of the base are respectively provided with a feeding area and a stacking area. A support plate is fixedly installed on the top of the base, and a directional trajectory driving mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the support plate. The bottom end of the connecting frame included in the directional trajectory driving mechanism is fixedly connected with a suction plate for adsorbing PCB boards.

[0006] A positioning mechanism for adjusting the position of the PCB board is installed on the side wall of the base, and a turning mechanism for adsorbing and turning the PCB board is also installed on the side wall of the base.

[0007] Further, the positioning mechanism includes a track fixed on the side wall of the base and an electric push rod I fixed in a groove on the side wall of the base. A sliding plate is slidably connected in the track. A material supporting frame is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sliding plate. A limiting cross bar is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the material supporting frame. The output end of the electric push rod I is fixedly connected with a pushing plate, and the pushing plate is located above the material supporting frame.

[0008] Furthermore, the directional trajectory driving mechanism includes an I-shaped slide rail fixedly connected to the side wall of the support plate and a pushing frame movably connected to the side wall of the support plate through a bearing. A rotating rod is movably connected to the side wall of the support plate through a bearing, and a first synchronous wheel and a second synchronous wheel are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating rod.

[0009] Furthermore, a slide seat adapted to the I-shaped slide rail is slidably connected to the outer side of the I-shaped slide rail. One end of the slide seat is fixedly connected with a slider, and a positioning cylinder is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider. A connecting rod is slidably connected to the positioning cylinder through a plurality of sliding grooves opened through the side wall, and a connecting frame is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod.

[0010] Furthermore, a driving and controlling frame is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod far from the connecting frame. A pushing block is fixedly connected to one end of the pushing frame, and the pushing block is slidably connected to a driving and controlling groove on the inner side wall of the driving and controlling frame. A first pivoting block is fixedly connected to the other end of the pushing frame.

[0011] Furthermore, a first synchronous groove and a second synchronous groove are respectively opened on the outer sides of the first synchronous wheel and the second synchronous wheel. The first pivoting block is slidably connected to the first synchronous groove. A guide rod is fixedly connected to one side of the slide seat, and a second pivoting block is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the guide rod. The second pivoting block is slidably connected to the second synchronous groove.

[0012] Furthermore, the material turning mechanism includes a shaft cylinder fixedly connected to the side wall of the base. A rotating shaft is movably connected to the inside of the shaft cylinder through a bearing. A cavity is arranged inside the base, and a gear is fixedly connected to one end of the rotating shaft located inside the base;

[0013] A guide rail is fixedly installed in the cavity inside the base, and a toothed plate meshed with the gear is slidably connected to the guide rail. An electric push rod II is fixedly installed in the cavity inside the base, and the output end of the electric push rod II is fixedly connected to the end of the toothed plate through an adapter block.

[0014] Furthermore, a turning plate is fixedly sleeved and connected to the end of the rotating shaft located outside the base. Pneumatic suction cups are installed on one side of the turning plate and the suction plate, and a plurality of high-definition cameras are fixedly installed on the side wall of the base.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0016] 1. Through the coordinated cooperation of the material turning mechanism, the alignment mechanism and the directional trajectory driving mechanism, the present invention realizes the full-process automatic operation of the PCB board from feeding, positioning to stacking. The electric push rod II in the material turning mechanism drives the toothed plate to mesh with the gear, and can automatically complete the turning and feeding of the PCB board from the feeding area to the material supporting frame without manual intervention;

[0017] The alignment mechanism uses a high-definition camera to detect position deviations in real time, and utilizes the electric push rod one and the threaded rod and sliding plate structure driven by the motor two to achieve multi-dimensional precise adjustment of the PCB board on the material support frame, ensuring the position accuracy before stacking;

[0018] The directional trajectory driving mechanism, through the coaxial linkage of the synchronous pulley one and the synchronous pulley two, makes the adsorption plate move along the preset trajectory of "descending for adsorption, ascending for translation, and descending for release". Combining the height coordination of the turning plate and the adsorption plate, the turning plate flips up from below the adsorption plate for feeding, realizing the seamless connection of continuous feeding and stacking, significantly improving the transplanting and stacking efficiency of the PCB board, and reducing the manual operation cost.

[0019] 2. At the same time, the shaft cylinder of the turning mechanism cooperates with the rotating shaft, and the limiting cross bar of the alignment mechanism abuts tightly against the pushing plate for positioning, preventing the PCB board from shifting during flipping and translation. In the directional trajectory driving mechanism, the guiding groove of the slider cooperates with the guiding rod on the outside of the support plate, and the synchronous grooves one and two slide and guide the pivot blocks one and two, ensuring the high stability of the adsorption plate's movement in the horizontal and vertical directions, and reducing the adsorption failure caused by vibration or trajectory deviation;

[0020] The material support frame reserves an idle area for the turning plate to avoid movement interference between mechanisms. Combining the stable adsorption and precise release of the pneumatic suction cup, reliable positioning and stacking of the PCB board in the stacking area are achieved, effectively improving the reliability of equipment operation and the consistency of stacked products. Description of the Drawings

[0021] For the convenience of those skilled in the art to understand, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings;

[0022] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0023] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0024] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the high-definition camera structure in the present invention;

[0025] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the directional trajectory driving mechanism in the present invention;

[0026] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the pushing block structure in the present invention;

[0027] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the synchronous pulley one and synchronous pulley two structures in the present invention;

[0028] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the sliding plate structure in the present invention;

[0029] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the material turning mechanism in the present invention;

[0030] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the distribution of the stacking area and the feeding area on the outside of the present invention.

[0031] Reference numerals: 1, base; 2, support plate; 301, connecting frame; 302, I-shaped slide rail; 303, pushing frame; 304, first synchronous pulley; 305, second synchronous pulley; 306, slider; 307, positioning cylinder; 308, connecting rod; 309, driving and controlling frame; 310, pushing block; 311, guide rod; 401, first electric push rod; 402, track; 403, sliding plate; 404, material supporting frame; 405, limiting cross bar; 406, pushing plate; 5, adsorption plate; 601, shaft cylinder; 602, gear; 603, guide rail; 604, toothed plate; 605, second electric push rod; 606, turning plate; 7, high-definition camera. Specific embodiments

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] Embodiment 1: As Figures 1-9 shown, a self-storage type PCB board transplanting and stacking device includes a bottom plate and a base 1 fixedly connected to the top thereof. A feeding area and a stacking area are respectively arranged on two adjacent sides of the base 1. The stacking area is used for further processing of the PCB boards conveyed by the feeding area, and the feeding area is used to convey the PCB boards to a specified position for the material turning mechanism to pick up and place;

[0034] A support plate 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the base 1. A directional trajectory driving mechanism is arranged on the side wall of the support plate 2. The bottom end of the connecting frame 301 included in the directional trajectory driving mechanism is fixedly connected with an adsorption plate 5 for adsorbing PCB boards;

[0035] The directional trajectory driving mechanism includes an I-shaped slide rail 302 fixedly connected to the side wall of the support plate 2 and a pushing frame 303 movably connected to the side wall of the support plate 2 through a bearing. A rotating rod is movably connected to the side wall of the support plate 2 through a bearing. A first synchronous pulley 304 and a second synchronous pulley 305 are fixedly sleeved on the outer side of the rotating rod. A motor 1 for driving the rotating shaft to rotate is fixedly installed on the other side of the support plate 2.

[0036] A sliding seat that matches the outside of the I-shaped slide rail 302 is slidably connected. One end of the sliding seat is fixedly connected to a slider 306. A positioning cylinder 307 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the slider 306. The positioning cylinder 307 is slidably connected to a connecting rod 308 through a plurality of sliding grooves formed through the side wall. A connecting frame 301 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 308.

[0037] One end of the connecting rod 308 away from the connecting frame 301 is fixedly connected to a driving and controlling frame 309. One end of the pushing frame 303 is fixedly connected to a pushing block 310. The pushing block 310 is slidably connected in a driving and controlling groove on the inner side wall of the driving and controlling frame 309. The other end of the pushing frame 303 is fixedly connected to a first pivot block.

[0038] Synchronization grooves one and two are respectively formed on the outer sides of the first synchronization wheel 304 and the second synchronization wheel 305. The shapes of the synchronization grooves one and two are as Figure 6 shown. The first pivot block is slidably connected in the synchronization groove one. A guide rod 311 is fixedly connected to one side of the sliding seat. A second pivot block is fixedly connected to the side wall of one end of the guide rod 311. The second pivot block is slidably connected in the synchronization groove two.

[0039] Embodiment 2: A positioning mechanism for adjusting the position of the PCB board is installed on the side wall of the base 1. A material turning mechanism for adsorbing the PCB board and turning it over is also installed on the side wall of the base 1.

[0040] The positioning mechanism includes a track 402 fixed to the side wall of the base 1 and an electric push rod one 401 fixed in a groove on the side wall of the base 1. A sliding plate 403 is slidably connected in the track 402. It should be explained here that a threaded rod is movably connected to the inside of the track 402 through a bearing. A threaded groove that matches the threaded rod is formed in the part of the sliding plate 403 located in the track 402. And a motor two for driving the threaded rod to rotate is fixedly installed on the outer side of the track 402;

[0041] A material supporting frame 404 is fixedly connected to the outer side wall of the sliding plate 403. A limiting cross bar 405 is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the material supporting frame 404. The output end of the electric push rod one 401 is fixedly connected to a pushing plate 406. And the pushing plate 406 is located above the material supporting frame 404. The shape of the material supporting frame 404 is as Figure 7 shown. An idle area for the turning plate 606 is provided in the middle of the material supporting frame 404 to avoid movement interference between the turning of the turning plate 606 and the material supporting frame 404.

[0042] The material turning mechanism includes a shaft cylinder 601. The shaft cylinder 601 is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base 1. A rotating shaft is movably connected to the inside of the shaft cylinder 601 through a bearing. A cavity is provided inside the base 1. One end of the rotating shaft located inside the base 1 is fixedly connected to a gear 602;

[0043] Inside the inner cavity of the base 1, a guide rail 603 is fixedly installed. A rack 604 that meshes and drives with the gear 602 is slidably connected inside the guide rail 603. An electric push rod two 605 is fixedly installed inside the inner cavity of the base 1. The output end of the electric push rod two 605 is fixedly connected to the end of the rack 604 through an adapter block.

[0044] One end of the rotating shaft located outside the base 1 is sleeved and fixed with a flap 606 connected. Pneumatic suction cups are installed on one side of both the flap 606 and the adsorption plate 5. A plurality of high-definition cameras 7 are fixedly installed on the side wall of the base 1. The high-definition cameras 7 are used to analyze the position of the PCB board placed on the top of the material support 404. When the placement position is offset, the PCB board is further adjusted through the alignment mechanism;

[0045] Combining Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0046] Feeding area PCB board flipping and loading process: The feeding area is composed of a conveyor belt. The PCB board is conveyed to a specified position through the conveyor belt. Subsequently, the electric push rod two 605 drives the rack 604 to slide inside the guide rail 603 through the adapter block. The rack 604 meshes and drives with the gear 602, thereby driving the rotating shaft to rotate synchronously in the shaft cylinder 601, and further driving the flap 606 and the pneumatic suction cup to flip until the pneumatic suction cup installed on the outside of the flap 606 contacts the top of the PCB board in the conveying area. The pneumatic suction cup adsorbs and fixes the top of the PCB board. Subsequently, the electric push rod two 605 drives the rack 604 to move in the reverse direction, prompting the rotating shaft to drive the PCB board to flip from the feeding area to the top of the material support 404 through the cooperation of the flap 606 and the pneumatic suction cup until the PCB board is completely placed on the top of the material support 404, and the pneumatic suction cup installed on the outside of the flap 606 releases the adsorption of the PCB board;

[0047] Feeding area PCB board flipping and loading process: The high-definition camera analyzes the position of the PCB board on the top of the material support 404. When there is a position offset, at this time, the electric push rod one 401 drives the pushing plate 406 to further push the PCB board to move until one end of the PCB board is completely attached to the limiting cross bar 405. Then, according to the deviation of the position of the PCB board on the top of the material support 404, the motor two drives the threaded rod to rotate, and further drives the sliding plate 403 to move horizontally inside the track 402. During the horizontal movement of the sliding plate 403, the sliding plate 403 further drives the PCB board to move horizontally synchronously through the material support 404 until the PCB board moves to the specified position. Subsequently, the electric push rod one 401 drives the pushing plate 406 to move in the reverse direction and releases the pressing on the PCB board. At this time, the PCB board realizes precise positioning under the action of the alignment mechanism, avoiding position deviation of the PCB board during subsequent stacking;

[0048] The rotating shaft on the side wall of the motor one drives the support plate 2, and further drives the first synchronous pulley 304 and the second synchronous pulley 305 to move synchronously;

[0049] The process of the first synchronous pulley 304 driving the adsorption plate 5 to move horizontally in a reciprocating manner: During the rotation of the first synchronous pulley 304, the first pivot block fixedly connected to one end of the pushing frame 303 moves in the first synchronous groove. The pushing frame 303 makes a reciprocating deflection movement relative to the support plate 2 under the mutual cooperation of the first synchronous groove and the first pivot block. During the reciprocating deflection of the pushing frame 303, the pushing block 310 at the other end slides in the driving and controlling frame 309, thereby driving the connecting rod 308 to make a horizontal reciprocating movement in the positioning cylinder 307. During the movement of the connecting rod 308, it further drives the connecting frame 301 and the adsorption plate 5 to make a synchronous horizontal reciprocating movement;

[0050] The process of the second synchronous pulley 305 driving the adsorption plate 5 to move vertically in a reciprocating manner: During the rotation of the second synchronous pulley 305, the second pivot block at the end of the guide rod 311 moves in the second synchronous groove, and drives the slider 306 to make a reciprocating movement in the vertical direction through the sliding seat. As Figure 4 shown, in order to further improve the stability of the movement of the slider 306, a plurality of guide rods are fixedly installed on the outside of the support plate 2 through the cross plate, and guide grooves that cooperate with the guide rods are formed through the outside of the slider 306. The slider 306 makes a more stable reciprocating movement in the vertical direction under the mutual cooperation of the guide rod and the guide groove, and the slider 306 drives the positioning cylinder 307 to make a synchronous reciprocating lifting movement in the vertical direction;

[0051] The first synchronous pulley 304 and the second synchronous pulley 305 are coaxially linked to realize the composite movement of the adsorption plate 5: Since the first synchronous pulley 304 and the second synchronous pulley 305 are coaxially driven synchronously, the first synchronous pulley 304 and its related linkage structure and the second synchronous pulley 305 and its related linkage structure are combined, so that the adsorption plate 5 drives the PCB board to first descend close to the material supporting frame 404 and adsorb the PCB board through the pneumatic suction cup installed at the bottom, drive the PCB board to rise, then drive the PCB board to move horizontally close to the stacking area, and finally drive the PCB board to descend synchronously to the stacking area. After the pneumatic suction cup releases the adsorption of the PCB board, the adsorption plate 5 moves in the reverse direction to the initial position.

[0052] The flap 606 and the adsorption plate 5 cooperate to realize the continuous stacking process: When the adsorption plate 5 drives the PCB board to rise from the top of the material supporting frame 404, at this time, the flap 606 just flips from below the adsorption plate 5 at this height to the feeding area, so as to facilitate the adsorption of the next PCB board, and when the adsorption plate 5 returns after transplanting the PCB board to the stacking area, it flips the next PCB board to the top of the material supporting frame 404 again to realize the continuous feeding and continuous stacking of the PCB board.

[0053] Through the mutual cooperation of structures such as the directional trajectory driving mechanism, the alignment mechanism, the material turning mechanism, the adsorption plate 5, etc., the continuous suspension conveying of the PCB board is realized, and further the stacking efficiency of the PCB board is improved.

[0054] The above is only an illustration of the structure of the present invention. Those skilled in the art of this technology can make various modifications or supplements to the described specific embodiments or use similar methods for substitution. As long as they do not deviate from the structure of the invention or exceed the scope defined by this claims book, they should all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device, comprising a bottom plate and a base (1) fixedly connected to the top thereof, wherein two adjacent sides of the base (1) are respectively provided with a feeding area and a stacking area, characterized in that: A support plate (2) is fixedly mounted on the top of the base (1); a directional track driving mechanism is disposed on the side wall of the support plate (2); and a connection frame (301) included in the directional track driving mechanism has a bottom end fixedly connected to a suction plate (5) for suctioning a PCB board; The side wall of the base (1) is provided with a positioning mechanism for adjusting the position of the PCB board, and the side wall of the base (1) is also provided with a turning mechanism for adsorbing the PCB board and turning it over.

2. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alignment mechanism comprises a track (402) fixed to the side wall of the base (1) and an electric push rod (401) fixed in a groove on the side wall of the base (1); a sliding plate (403) is slidably connected in the track (402); an outer side wall of the sliding plate (403) is fixedly connected to a support frame (404); a limiting cross bar (405) is fixedly installed on one side of the top of the support frame (404); an output end of the electric push rod (401) is fixedly connected to a push plate (406), and the push plate (406) is located above the support frame (404).

3. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The directional track driving mechanism comprises an I-shaped slide rail (302) fixedly connected to the side wall of the support plate (2) and a push frame (303) movably connected to the side wall of the support plate (2) via a bearing, the side wall of the support plate (2) being movably connected to a rotating rod via a bearing, and the outer side of the rotating rod being sleeved and fixedly connected to a synchronous wheel 1 (304) and a synchronous wheel 2 (305).

4. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 3 is characterized in that: The outer side of the I-type slide rail (302) is slidably connected to a matching slide seat, one end of the slide seat is fixedly connected to a slider (306), the side wall of the slider (306) is fixedly connected to a positioning cylinder (307), the positioning cylinder (307) is slidably connected to a connecting rod (308) through multiple groups of sliding grooves opened through the side wall, and the connecting frame (301) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (308).

5. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 4, characterized in that: One end of the connecting rod (308) away from the connecting frame (301) is fixedly connected to the drive control frame (309), one end of the push frame (303) is fixedly connected to the push block (310), the push block (310) is slidably connected in the drive control groove of the inner wall of the drive control frame (309), and the other end of the push frame (303) is fixedly connected to a pivot block 1.

6. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The outer sides of the synchronous wheel 1 (304) and the synchronous wheel 2 (305) are respectively provided with a synchronous groove 1 and a synchronous groove 2, and the pivot block 1 is slidably connected in the synchronous groove 1. A guide rod (311) is fixedly connected to one side of the slide seat, and a side wall at one end of the guide rod (311) is fixedly connected to the pivot block 2, and the pivot block 2 is slidably connected in the synchronous groove 2.

7. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The material turning mechanism comprises a shaft cylinder (601), the shaft cylinder (601) is fixedly connected to the side wall of the base (1), the shaft cylinder (601) is movably connected to a rotating shaft via a bearing, a cavity is provided inside the base (1), and one end of the rotating shaft located inside the base (1) is fixedly connected to a gear (602); A guide rail (603) is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the base (1), and a toothed plate (604) is slidably connected inside the guide rail (603) and meshes with the gear (602) for transmission. A second electric push rod (605) is fixedly installed in the internal cavity of the base (1), and the output end of the second electric push rod (605) is fixedly connected to the end of the toothed plate (604) via a connecting block.

8. The self-storage PCB board transplantation and stacking device according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the rotating shaft located outside the base (1) is sleeved and fixedly connected to a flap (606), and one side of the flap (606) and the adsorption plate (5) are both installed with pneumatic suction cups, and the side wall of the base (1) is fixedly installed with multiple groups of high-definition cameras (7).

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