Ultra-low consumption direct filtration system

Abstract

The invention discloses an ultra-low consumption direct filtration system which comprises a flat membrane microfiltration assembly, a non-aeration ultrafiltration assembly and a low-pressure-difference reverse osmosis assembly, and the flat membrane microfiltration assembly is used for separating suspended solids in sewage from a water phase; the non-aeration ultrafiltration assembly is positioned at the side part of the flat membrane microfiltration assembly and is used for separating solid and liquid again and relieving membrane pollution; the low-pressure-difference reverse osmosis assembly is positioned at the side part of the non-aeration ultrafiltration assembly and is used for performing reverse osmosis filtration on the sewage to obtain drinking-grade pure water. Through mutual cooperation of the flat membrane microfiltration assembly, the non-aeration ultrafiltration assembly and the low-pressure-difference reverse osmosis assembly, the ultrafiltration system does not need aeration washing, energy consumption is reduced, the filtering precision of a filtering membrane can be selected according to working conditions, the use amount of self-used water of the system is small, the recovery rate of the system is high, and the filtering effect is visual and efficient; and the characteristics of short production process flow, small occupied area, split mounting type assembly and short construction period are facilitated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ultra-low consumption direct filtration systems, and particularly to an ultra-low consumption direct filtration system. Background Art

[0002] When coal is mined, a large amount of water usually gushes out, which is called coal mine water. Coal mine water containing a large amount of coal powder and rock and soil needs to be transported to the ground. On the one hand, in order to protect the environment, the mine water needs to be treated. On the other hand, since the coal mine water itself also consumes a large amount of groundwater and the water resources are relatively scarce in the mining area itself, the sewage generated during the coal mining process will be recycled to save water resources.

[0003] When treating coal mine water, the prior art usually adopts a flocculation sedimentation treatment process plan in the pretreatment part, resulting in fluctuating water quality discharge indicators, and adopts a precision filtration sand filter + carbon filter + self-cleaning filter + ultrafiltration + intermediate water tank + reverse osmosis treatment process plan in the reclaimed water part. At the same time, the coal powder generated by physical and chemical sedimentation is partially treated by a sludge thickening tank + plate and frame filter press. However, this matching method will have problems such as a large floor area, many process flows, high operating energy consumption, and a large amount of flocculant consumption in the flocculation sedimentation treatment process plan. At the same time, the membranes in the reclaimed water part are used frequently, and the reclaimed water treatment process plan also faces problems such as many process flows, high operating energy consumption, and difficult long-term stable operation of equipment. At the same time, a large amount of sludge is generated during the physical and chemical sedimentation process, resulting in low treatment efficiency and high chemical agent costs.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new process to achieve a system plan with a small floor area, few process flows, low operating energy consumption, and stable effluent indicators. A new membrane treatment technology with high flux, low cost, and short process is used in the pretreatment and reclaimed water parts. The coal powder intercepted by membrane filtration can be combined with membrane concentration to replace the sludge thickening process, and full-scale direct filtration is adopted, which has the characteristics of simplicity, convenience, land saving, and low treatment cost. Finally, a short-process direct filtration technology and a complete set of integrated equipment based on high-performance membrane materials are realized. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-low consumption direct filtration system to solve the problems raised in the above background art.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solution: An ultra-low consumption direct filtration system, comprising:

[0007] A flat membrane microfiltration module, which is used to separate suspended solids in sewage from the water phase;

[0008] An aeration-free ultrafiltration module, which is located on the side of the flat membrane microfiltration module and is used for re-separating solid-liquid and alleviating membrane fouling;

[0009] Low-pressure reverse osmosis module, the low-pressure reverse osmosis module is located on the side of the non-aerated ultrafiltration module, and the low-pressure reverse osmosis module is used for reverse osmosis filtration of sewage to achieve drinking-grade pure water.

[0010] Preferably, the flat membrane microfiltration module includes:

[0011] A primary buffer tank, an inlet is provided on the side of the primary buffer tank, and control equipment is installed at the bottom of the primary buffer tank;

[0012] A first box body, the first box body is located on the side of the control equipment;

[0013] A second box body, the second box body is located on the side of the first box body, first-stage filter membranes are provided on the tops of both the second box body and the first box body, a metal membrane is provided on the top of the first-stage filter membrane, and high-pressure spray nozzles are equidistantly installed on the top of the metal membrane.

[0014] Preferably, the flat membrane microfiltration module further includes:

[0015] A concentrated liquid collection tank, adjacent concentrated liquid collection tanks are respectively connected to the sides of adjacent metal membranes, and a concentrated liquid outlet is provided on the concentrated liquid collection tank;

[0016] An outlet end, the outlet end is arranged on the side of the second box body.

[0017] Preferably, the non-aerated ultrafiltration module includes:

[0018] An ultrafiltration membrane tank, the bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane tank is conically arranged, a third box body is arranged inside the ultrafiltration membrane tank, and an ultrafiltration membrane module is installed on the third box body;

[0019] A non-aerated control unit, the non-aerated control unit is connected to the side of the third box body;

[0020] A backwash water tank, the backwash water tank is located on the side of the ultrafiltration membrane tank;

[0021] An ultrafiltration product water pump, the ultrafiltration product water pump is located on the side of the backwash water tank;

[0022] An ultrafiltration product backwash pump, the ultrafiltration product backwash pump is arranged on the side of the ultrafiltration product water pump;

[0023] An ultrafiltration chemical addition water tank, the ultrafiltration chemical addition water tank is located on the side of the ultrafiltration product backwash pump, and an ultrafiltration metering pump is installed on the top of the ultrafiltration chemical addition water tank.

[0024] Preferably, the non-aerated ultrafiltration module further includes:

[0025] An RO high-pressure pump, the RO high-pressure pump is arranged above the ultrafiltration chemical addition water tank;

[0026] A large-flux filter, the large-flux filter is located at the side of the RO high-pressure pump, and the large-flux filter is connected to the output end of the RO high-pressure pump.

[0027] Preferably, the low-pressure-drop reverse osmosis module includes:

[0028] RO membrane elements, and a RO chemical cleaning inlet is provided below the RO membrane elements;

[0029] RO circulation pumps, the RO circulation pumps are installed between adjacent RO membrane elements, and a RO membrane module water outlet, a RO membrane module concentrated water outlet and a RO chemical cleaning water return are sequentially arranged at the side of the RO circulation pumps.

[0030] Preferably, it further includes:

[0031] Butterfly valves, the butterfly valves are installed on the flat membrane microfiltration module and the low-pressure-drop reverse osmosis module;

[0032] Plate and frame filter presses, the plate and frame filter presses are located below the first box body;

[0033] Pressure gauges, flow meters, ultrafiltration backwash valves and check valves, the pressure gauges, flow meters, ultrafiltration backwash valves and check valves are installed on the non-aerated ultrafiltration module and the low-pressure-drop reverse osmosis module;

[0034] Manual ball valves, the manual ball valves are installed on the non-aerated ultrafiltration module.

[0035] The technical effects and advantages of the present invention:

[0036] By utilizing the mutual cooperation of the flat membrane microfiltration module, the non-aerated ultrafiltration module and the low-pressure-drop reverse osmosis module, the present invention pre-treats and partially uses the recycled water with a new membrane treatment technology of high flux, low cost and short process. The pulverized coal intercepted by the membrane filtration can be combined with membrane concentration to replace the sludge concentration process. No-pressure filtration and no chemicals are used in the pre-treatment section to reduce energy consumption and save energy and protect the environment. At the same time, the ultrafiltration system does not require aeration flushing, saving energy consumption. The filtration accuracy of the filter membrane can be selected according to the working conditions. The self-use water consumption of the system is small, the system recovery rate is high, the filtration effect is intuitive and efficient, which is conducive to the characteristics of short process flow, small floor area, low investment and operation cost, assembled assembly and short construction period, and convenient maintenance and repair. Description of the Drawings

[0037] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the ultra-low-consumption direct filtration process of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure at the first buffer water tank of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of the concentrated liquid collection tank of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of the backwashing water tank of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the RO membrane element of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram for process comparison of the present invention.

[0043] In the figure: 1. Flat membrane microfiltration module; 11. Water inlet; 12. Primary buffer water tank; 13. Control equipment; 14. First box body; 15. Metal membrane; 16. High-pressure spray head; 17. Primary filter membrane; 18. Second box body; 19. Concentrated liquid collection tank; 110. Concentrated liquid outlet; 2. Non-aerated ultrafiltration module; 21. Ultrafiltration membrane pool; 22. Third box body; 23. Ultrafiltration membrane module; 24. Non-aerated control unit; 25. Backwashing water tank; 26. Ultrafiltration product water pump; 27. Ultrafiltration product backwashing pump; 28. RO high-pressure pump; 29. Large-flux filter; 210. Ultrafiltration chemical dosing water tank; 211. Ultrafiltration metering pump; 3. Low-pressure difference reverse osmosis module; 31. RO chemical cleaning inlet; 32. RO membrane element; 33. RO circulation pump; 34. RO membrane module concentrated water outlet; 35. RO chemical cleaning water return; 36. RO membrane module water outlet; 4. Butterfly valve; 5. Plate and frame filter press; 6. Pressure gauge; 7. Flowmeter; 8. Ultrafiltration backwashing valve; 9. Check valve; 10. Manual ball valve. Detailed implementation manners

[0044] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0045] The present invention provides as Figures 1-6An ultra-low consumption direct filtration system shown includes a flat membrane microfiltration module 1, an aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2, and a low-pressure reverse osmosis module 3. The filtration accuracy of the flat membrane microfiltration module 1 is 50 microns. Using the principle of natural gravity, sewage flows onto the surface of the flat membrane. Water permeates through the metal membrane 15 by natural gravity. Under a non-pressure state, the metal membrane 15 separates suspended solids in the sewage from water. The cleaning nozzles above the flat membrane move along the track of the traveling mechanism to achieve the cleaning of suspended solids and the flat membrane. The flat membrane microfiltration can replace the function of the sedimentation tank to achieve an instant and rapid solid-liquid separation effect. The water produced by the flat membrane microfiltration enters the aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2. The filtration accuracy of the aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2 is 0.1 micron. Under the mechanical reciprocating motion, membrane fouling is alleviated to achieve a secondary rapid solid-liquid separation effect. At the same time, through the cone-bottom design at the bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane tank 21, sludge concentration is achieved, and the membrane tank is emptied regularly. The water produced by the aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2 enters the low-pressure reverse osmosis module 3. The filtration accuracy of the low-pressure reverse osmosis module 3 is 0.0001 micron. The low-pressure reverse osmosis module 3 can reach drinking-grade pure water through membrane filtration to achieve the water quality standard of the recycled water volume. The flat membrane microfiltration module 1 is used to separate suspended solids in the sewage from water. The aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2 is located on the side of the flat membrane microfiltration module 1. The aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2 is used to separate solids and liquids again and alleviate membrane fouling. The low-pressure reverse osmosis module 3 is located on the side of the aeration-free ultrafiltration module 2. The low-pressure reverse osmosis module 3 is used to perform reverse osmosis filtration on the sewage to reach drinking-grade pure water.

[0046] Specifically, the flat membrane microfiltration module 1 includes a primary buffer tank 12, a first box body 14, and a second box body 18. There is a high-suspended-solids inlet between the primary buffer tank 12 and the water inlet 11. The water inlet 11 is provided on the side of the primary buffer tank 12, which is conducive to the entry of sewage for filtration. The primary buffer tank 12 is conducive to buffering and protecting the entry of sewage. The first box body 14 is conducive to collecting the separated water. The metal membrane 15 is conducive to separating suspended solids in the sewage from water. The control device 13 is installed at the bottom of the primary buffer tank 12. The first box body 14 is located on the side of the control device 13. The second box body 18 is located on the side of the first box body 14. The top of both the second box body 18 and the first box body 14 is provided with a primary filter membrane 17. The metal membrane 15 is arranged on the top of the primary filter membrane 17. The high-pressure nozzles 16 are equidistantly installed on the top of the metal membrane 15. The high-pressure nozzles 16 are used in combination with the traveling mechanism and the track, and thus the flat membrane can be flushed and cleaned in a mobile manner.

[0047] More specifically, the flat membrane microfiltration module 1 further includes a concentrated liquid collection box 19 and a water outlet end, which are conducive to collecting the concentrated liquid filtered by the metal membrane 15. The adjacent concentrated liquid collection boxes 19 are respectively connected to the sides of the adjacent metal membranes 15. The concentrated liquid collection box 19 is provided with a concentrated liquid outlet 110, which is conducive to discharging the concentrated liquid and enabling the concentrated liquid to enter the next step. The water outlet end is arranged on the side of the second box body 18.

[0048] Specifically, the non-aerated ultrafiltration module 2 includes an ultrafiltration membrane tank 21, a non-aeration control unit 24, a backwash water tank 25, an ultrafiltration product water pump 26, an ultrafiltration product backwash pump 27, and an ultrafiltration chemical dosing tank 210. The ultrafiltration membrane tank 21 is conducive to concentrating sludge and filtering sewage again. The backwash water tank 25 is conducive to performing backwash operations. The ultrafiltration product water pump 26 is conducive to pumping out the water filtered inside the third box body 22. The bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane tank 21 is conically arranged. A third box body 22 is provided inside the ultrafiltration membrane tank 21. An ultrafiltration membrane module 23 is installed on the third box body 22. The non-aeration control unit 24 is connected to the side of the third box body 22. The backwash water tank 25 is located on the side of the ultrafiltration membrane tank 21. The ultrafiltration product water pump 26 is located on the side of the backwash water tank 25. The ultrafiltration product backwash pump 27 is arranged on the side of the ultrafiltration product water pump 26. The ultrafiltration chemical dosing tank 210 is located on the side of the ultrafiltration product backwash pump 27. An ultrafiltration metering pump 211 is installed on the top of the ultrafiltration chemical dosing tank 210.

[0049] More specifically, the non-aerated ultrafiltration module 2 further includes an RO high-pressure pump 28 and a large-flux filter 29. The RO high-pressure pump 28 is conducive to pumping sewage into the low-pressure difference reverse osmosis module 3 under high pressure for final treatment. The RO high-pressure pump 28 is arranged above the ultrafiltration chemical dosing tank 210. The large-flux filter 29 is located on the side of the RO high-pressure pump 28. The large-flux filter 29 is connected to the output end of the RO high-pressure pump 28.

[0050] Furthermore, the low-pressure difference reverse osmosis module 3 includes RO membrane elements 32 and an RO circulation pump 33. The RO membrane elements 32 are divided into first-stage and second-stage. As Figure 5 shown, the left RO membrane element 32 is the first stage, and the right side is the second stage. The RO membrane elements 32 are conducive to filtering sewage to form reclaimed water standards. An RO chemical cleaning inlet 31 is provided below the RO membrane elements 32. The RO circulation pump 33 is installed between adjacent RO membrane elements 32. An RO membrane group water outlet 36, an RO membrane group concentrated water outlet 34, and an RO chemical cleaning water return 35 are successively arranged on the side of the RO circulation pump 33.

[0051] Furthermore, it further includes a butterfly valve 4, a plate and frame filter press 5, a pressure gauge 6, a flow meter 7, an ultrafiltration backwash valve 8, a check valve 9, and a manual ball valve 10. The plate and frame filter press 5 is conducive to filtering and dewatering pulverized coal. The installation positions of the butterfly valve 4, the pressure gauge 6, the flow meter 7, the ultrafiltration backwash valve 8, the check valve 9, and the manual ball valve 10 are as Figures 1-5 shown. The butterfly valve 4 is installed on the flat membrane microfiltration module 1 and the low-pressure difference reverse osmosis module 3. The plate and frame filter press 5 is located below the first box body 14. The pressure gauge 6, the flow meter 7, the ultrafiltration backwash valve 8, and the check valve 9 are installed on the non-aerated ultrafiltration module 2 and the low-pressure difference reverse osmosis module 3. The manual ball valve 10 is installed on the non-aerated ultrafiltration module 2.

[0052] As Figure 6 shown, compared with the traditional process, this process uses equipment-based design and supply. There is no need to build a steel-concrete pool, with a fast construction period and less land occupation. There is no need to add chemicals. It uses the forced retention of the diaphragm for rapid and efficient filtration. This process adopts a non-aerated ultrafiltration system, saving more than 90% of energy consumption. The process chain is short and the shock resistance ability is strong. This process cancels the intermediate pool, reduces the lifting of the first-stage pump, and uses the automatic control of the non-aerated ultrafiltration system and the reverse osmosis system to achieve land saving, energy consumption saving and investment saving. This process adopts the conical bottom design of the non-aerated ultrafiltration system pool body, integrating the functions of membrane filtration and membrane concentration, replacing the sludge conditioning pool and sludge thickening pool structures, achieving land saving, operation chemical consumption saving and sludge reduction.

[0053] When it is necessary to treat the coal mine sewage, the coal mine mine water enters the first-stage filtration (coarse filtration) metal membrane 15. Suspended particulate matters such as coal slime and coal powder with larger volumes are isolated on the surface of the filter and discharged through the sewage outlet. The filtered water then enters the first-stage buffer water tank 12 of the flat membrane microfiltration (fine filtration). It evenly overflows through the high-suspended solid inlet filtration. The coal slime and coal powder suspended solids are intercepted on the surface of the high-suspended solid inlet and are cleaned and collected by the first-stage buffer water tank 12 to the concentrated liquid outlet 110 of the coal slime and coal powder concentrator, and converge with the sewage discharge of the first-stage filtration. The surface suspended solids of the membrane are cleaned through the high-pressure nozzle 16 and can be directly sent to the sludge pool for treatment according to the actual situation. The filtered water then falls into the outlet end of the lower water tank and the water from the lower water tank enters the ultrafiltration membrane pool 21. Under the movement of the non-aerated control unit 24, the mixed liquid passes through the ultrafiltration membrane module 23 and uses the ultrafiltration product water pump 26 for solid-liquid separation. The coal powder generated by the membrane pool concentration is discharged to the plate and frame filter press 5 for treatment through the butterfly valve 4. The non-aerated ultrafiltration system performs backwashing and chemical washing on the ultrafiltration membrane module 23 through the control system. Open the ultrafiltration product backwashing pump 27 and the ultrafiltration backwashing valve 8, and take the water source of the backwashing water tank 25 to perform physical backwashing on the ultrafiltration membrane module 23. Open the ultrafiltration metering pump 211 and take the medicine from the ultrafiltration chemical addition water tank 210 and inject it into the pipeline for chemical cleaning. The water from the non-aerated ultrafiltration system goes to the RO high-pressure pump 28, and then passes through the first-stage RO membrane element 32. The pure water goes to the RO membrane group outlet 36. The concentrated water generated by the first-stage RO membrane element 32 goes to the second-stage RO membrane element 32. The pure water goes to the RO membrane group outlet 36, and the concentrated water goes to the RO membrane group concentrated water outlet 34. The RO system recovery rate is controlled by adjusting the butterfly valve 4.

[0054] Finally, it should be noted that the above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ultra-low consumption direct filtration system, characterized in that: include: A flat membrane microfiltration component (1), wherein the flat membrane microfiltration component (1) is used to separate suspended matter from a water phase in sewage; An aeration-free ultrafiltration component (2), the aeration-free ultrafiltration component (2) being located on the side of the flat membrane microfiltration component (1), the aeration-free ultrafiltration component (2) being used to separate solid and liquid again and alleviate membrane pollution; A low-pressure difference reverse osmosis component (3) is located on the side of the non-aerated ultrafiltration component (2), and the low-pressure difference reverse osmosis component (3) is used to perform reverse osmosis filtration on sewage to obtain drinking-grade pure water.

2. The ultra-low consumption direct filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flat membrane microfiltration component (1) comprises: A primary buffer water tank (12), wherein a water inlet (11) is provided on a side of the primary buffer water tank (12), and a control device (13) is installed at the bottom of the primary buffer water tank (12); A first box (14), the first box (14) being located on a side of the control device (13); A second box body (18), the second box body (18) is located on the side of the first box body (14), the top of the second box body (18) and the first box body (14) are both provided with a primary filter membrane (17), the top of the primary filter membrane (17) is provided with a metal membrane (15), and the top of the metal membrane (15) is equidistantly installed with high-pressure nozzles (16).

3. The ultra-low consumption direct filtration system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flat membrane microfiltration component (1) further comprises: Concentrated liquid collecting boxes (19), adjacent concentrated liquid collecting boxes (19) are respectively connected to the side parts of adjacent metal membranes (15), and the concentrated liquid collecting boxes (19) are provided with concentrated liquid outlets (110); A water outlet end is arranged on the side of the second box body (18).

4. The ultra-low consumption direct filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The aeration-free ultrafiltration component (2) comprises: An ultrafiltration membrane pool (21), wherein the bottom of the ultrafiltration membrane pool (21) is arranged in a conical shape, a third box (22) is arranged inside the ultrafiltration membrane pool (21), and an ultrafiltration membrane assembly (23) is installed on the third box (22); a non-aeration control unit (24), wherein the non-aeration control unit (24) is connected to a side portion of the third box (22); A backwash water tank (25), wherein the backwash water tank (25) is located on the side of the ultrafiltration membrane pool (21); An ultrafiltration water production pump (26), wherein the ultrafiltration water production pump (26) is located on the side of the backwash water tank (25); An ultrafiltration backwash pump (27), wherein the ultrafiltration backwash pump (27) is arranged on the side of the ultrafiltration water production pump (26); An ultrafiltration dosing water tank (210) is located on the side of the ultrafiltration backwash pump (27), and an ultrafiltration metering pump (211) is installed on the top of the ultrafiltration dosing water tank (210).

5. The ultra-low consumption direct filtration system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The aeration-free ultrafiltration component (2) further comprises: An RO high-pressure pump (28), wherein the RO high-pressure pump (28) is disposed above the ultrafiltration dosing water tank (210); A large flux filter (29), wherein the large flux filter (29) is located on the side of the RO high-pressure pump (28), and the large flux filter (29) is connected to the output end of the RO high-pressure pump (28).

6. The ultra-low consumption direct filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The low pressure difference reverse osmosis component (3) comprises: An RO membrane element (32), wherein an RO chemical cleaning inlet (31) is provided below the RO membrane element (32); An RO circulation pump (33) is installed between adjacent RO membrane elements (32). The side of the RO circulation pump (33) is provided with an RO membrane group water outlet (36), an RO membrane group concentrated water outlet (34) and an RO chemical cleaning water return (35) in sequence.

7. The ultra-low consumption direct filtration system according to claim 1, characterized in that: Also includes: A butterfly valve (4), wherein the butterfly valve (4) is installed on the flat membrane microfiltration component (1) and the low pressure difference reverse osmosis component (3); A plate-and-frame filter press (5), wherein the plate-and-frame filter press (5) is located below the first housing (14); A pressure gauge (6), a flow meter (7), an ultrafiltration backwash valve (8) and a check valve (9), wherein the pressure gauge (6), the flow meter (7), the ultrafiltration backwash valve (8) and the check valve (9) are installed on the non-aerated ultrafiltration component (2) and the low-pressure difference reverse osmosis component (3); A manual ball valve (10) is installed on the aeration-free ultrafiltration component (2).

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