Hydropower station ecological flow discharge system and discharge method

Abstract

The invention discloses a hydropower station ecological flow discharge system and discharge method, the system is applied to a pressure steel pipe diversion type hydropower station, the system comprises a bypass pipe, the inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected with a pressure steel pipe, and the bypass pipe is used for draining water flow in the pressure steel pipe; the water measuring weir is connected with the outlet end of the bypass pipe, and the water measuring weir is used for discharging ecological flow; the monitoring module is arranged on the measuring weir, and the monitoring module is used for monitoring the water level data of the measuring weir; the control valve is arranged on the bypass pipe, and the control valve is used for adjusting the water flow of the bypass pipe according to the analysis result of the water level data so as to control the flow discharge amount of the measuring weir. According to the embodiment of the invention, the ecological flow discharge of the pressure steel pipe diversion type hydropower station can be realized, and the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow discharge are improved. The method can be widely applied to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of water conservancy and hydropower, and particularly relates to a hydropower station ecological flow discharge system and a discharge method. Background Art

[0002] Diversion-type hydropower stations need to build river-blocking facilities on the river course, and then divert water from the reservoir to the power plant through diversion facilities for power generation, resulting in a dewatered section in the natural river course between the dam and the power plant, which has an impact on the ecological environment and also causes some economic benefits losses. In related technologies, some early-built diversion-type hydropower stations do not have special buildings for discharging ecological flow. Especially for diversion-type hydropower stations, there are originally no ecological flow discharge facilities and the transformation is difficult, so it is difficult to achieve ecological flow discharge.

[0003] In summary, the technical problems existing in the related technologies need to be improved. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the embodiments of this application is to propose a hydropower station ecological flow discharge system and a discharge method, which can achieve the ecological flow discharge of a penstock diversion-type hydropower station and effectively improve the stability of ecological flow discharge and ecological benefits.

[0005] To achieve the above object, on the one hand, an embodiment of this application proposes a hydropower station ecological flow discharge system, which is applied to a penstock diversion-type hydropower station. The system includes:

[0006] A bypass pipe, the inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the penstock, and the bypass pipe is used to divert the water flow in the penstock;

[0007] A weir, the weir is connected to the outlet end of the bypass pipe, and the weir is used for ecological flow discharge;

[0008] A monitoring module, the monitoring module is arranged on the weir, and the monitoring module is used to monitor the water level data of the weir;

[0009] A control valve, the control valve is arranged on the bypass pipe, and the control valve is used to adjust the water flow rate of the bypass pipe according to the analysis result of the water level data to control the flow discharge amount of the weir.

[0010] In some embodiments, the monitoring module includes:

[0011] A water level gauge, the water level gauge is arranged on the weir, and the water level gauge is used to monitor the crest head data of the weir.

[0012] In some embodiments, the inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected above the pipeline of the penstock, and the outlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the bottom of the weir.

[0013] In some embodiments, the monitoring module further includes:

[0014] A camera sub-module, which is arranged on the weir and is used for dynamically collecting the image data of the weir opening of the weir.

[0015] In some embodiments, the bypass pipe includes a bypass horizontal pipe section, and the control valve is arranged on the bypass horizontal pipe section.

[0016] In some embodiments, the steps of arranging the bypass pipe include:

[0017] Analyze and calculate according to the approved ecological flow parameters to determine the pipeline inner diameter data;

[0018] Arrange the bypass pipe according to the pipeline inner diameter data.

[0019] In some embodiments, the steps of arranging the weir include:

[0020] Analyze according to the approved ecological flow parameters and the preset flow measurement range data to determine the target weir type; wherein, the target weir type includes one of a rectangular thin-walled weir, a triangular thin-walled weir, and a spillway weir;

[0021] Construct the weir according to the target weir type.

[0022] To achieve the above object, on the other hand, an embodiment of the present application proposes a method for discharging ecological flow of a hydropower station, which is applied to the above system, and the method includes the following steps:

[0023] Monitor the water level data through the monitoring module;

[0024] Analyze according to the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result and adjust the flow discharge of the weir.

[0025] In some embodiments, the monitoring of the water level data through the monitoring module includes:

[0026] Dynamically collect the crest head data of the weir through a water level gauge.

[0027] In some embodiments, the analysis according to the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result and adjust the flow discharge of the weir includes:

[0028] Analyze and calculate based on the head data at the weir crest and preset dimension parameters to obtain the current flow rate data; wherein, the preset dimension parameters include the dimension data of the water measuring weir.

[0029] Analyze according to the current flow rate data and the approved ecological flow rate parameters to determine the expected opening data.

[0030] Regulate the control valve according to the expected opening data to adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir.

[0031] The embodiments of the present application at least include the following beneficial effects: The present application provides a hydropower station ecological flow discharge system and a discharge method. In this solution, the inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the penstock to divert the water flow in the penstock into the bypass pipe. At the same time, a water measuring weir is arranged at the outlet end of the bypass pipe in the embodiments of the present invention, and the water flow in the bypass pipe is discharged through the water measuring weir to achieve the ecological flow discharge of the penstock diversion type hydropower station. Correspondingly, in the embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring module arranged on the water measuring weir monitors the water level data and analyzes the water level data, so as to adjust the water flow rate of the bypass pipe according to the analysis result through the control valve arranged on the bypass pipe, thereby controlling the flow discharge of the water measuring weir and achieving the accurate regulation of the ecological flow discharge, improving the stability of the ecological flow discharge, and thus effectively improving the ecological benefits. Description of the Drawings

[0032] Figure 1 is the general layout plan of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0033] Figure 2 is the sectional view of the hydropower station ecological flow discharge system provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0034] Figure 3 is the front view of the rectangular thin-walled weir provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0035] Figure 4 is the front view of the triangular thin-walled weir provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0036] Figure 5 is the schematic diagram of the sharp edge of the weir opening provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0037] Figure 6 is the schematic plan view of the discharge weir provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] Figure 7 is Figure 6 the schematic diagram of the I-I section in

[0039] Figure 8 is Figure 6 the schematic diagram of the II-II section in

[0040] Figure 9 It is a schematic diagram of flow measurement by a weir provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of the step flow of the method for discharging ecological flow of a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present application. Detailed implementation manners

[0042] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and are not used to limit the present application. When the following description refers to the accompanying drawings, unless otherwise indicated, the same numbers in different drawings represent the same or similar elements. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments do not represent all embodiments consistent with the embodiments of the present application. They are only examples of devices and methods consistent with some aspects of the embodiments of the present application detailed in the appended claims.

[0043] It can be understood that the terms "first", "second", etc. used in the present application can be used herein to describe various concepts, but unless otherwise specified, these concepts are not limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one concept from another. For example, without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application, the first information can also be referred to as the second information, and similarly, the second information can also be referred to as the first information. Depending on the context, the words "if", "when" as used herein can be interpreted as "when...", "while...", or "in response to determining".

[0044] The terms "at least one", "multiple", "each", "any one", etc. used in the present application, at least one includes one, two or more than two, multiple includes two or more than two, each refers to each of the corresponding multiple, and any one refers to any one of the multiple.

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the technical field to which the present application belongs. The terms used herein are only for the purpose of describing the embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0046] Before elaborating on the embodiments of the present application in detail, some nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application will be described first. The nouns and terms involved in the embodiments of the present application are subject to the following explanations.

[0047] Ecological flow: It refers to the minimum water flow rate required to ensure the health and stability of water ecosystems such as rivers and lakes and to maintain the survival and reproduction of aquatic organisms.

[0048] Diversion-type hydropower station: It is a type of hydropower station that uses a water diversion channel to divert water flow to a water turbine for power generation. Correspondingly, it is usually built at a higher location of a river, and uses the gravity water flow generated by the elevation difference to drive the water turbine for power generation.

[0049] For small hydropower stations, since it is necessary to build a river blocking facility on the natural river course, it often brings the problem of insufficient ecological flow in the downstream. The diversion-type hydropower station needs to build a river blocking facility on the river course, and then divert water from the reservoir to the power plant through the water diversion facility for power generation, resulting in a dewatered section in the natural river course between the power plant and the dam, which has an impact on the ecological environment and causes some economic benefits losses. In related technologies, some early-built diversion-type hydropower stations do not have special buildings for discharging ecological flow. Especially for diversion-type hydropower stations, there is no ecological flow discharge facility originally and the transformation is difficult, so it is difficult to achieve ecological flow discharge. In addition, in addition to the problem of ecological flow discharge, it is also difficult to monitor the discharged ecological flow.

[0050] In view of this, in the embodiments of the present application, a system and method for discharging ecological flow of a hydropower station are provided. This solution diverts the water flow to a weir through a bypass pipe connected to a penstock, so as to discharge the ecological flow through the weir, and monitors the water level data of the weir through a monitoring module arranged on the weir. Then, by analyzing the monitored water level data, the water flow rate through the bypass pipe is adjusted through a control valve according to the analysis result, so as to control the flow discharge amount of the weir, achieve accurate regulation of the ecological flow, and thus be able to discharge the ecological flow of the penstock diversion-type hydropower station, and effectively improve the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow discharge.

[0051] Refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2, the ecological flow discharge system provided by the embodiments of the present invention is applied to a penstock diversion hydropower station. The system includes a bypass pipe 140, a weir 160, a monitoring module, and a control valve 150. Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, a penstock 130 is connected to the river blocking facility 120, and the water flow in the reservoir area 110 upstream of the river blocking facility 120 is transported to the water turbine through the penstock 130. Correspondingly, in the embodiments of the present invention, the inlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is connected to the penstock 130 to divert the water flow flowing through the penstock 130 through the bypass pipe 140, so that part of the water flow flows into the bypass pipe 140. At the same time, the outlet end of the bypass pipe 140 in the embodiments of the present invention is connected to the weir 160. Correspondingly, the outlet end of the weir 160 in the embodiments of the present invention is the weir crest outflow, and the ecological flow is discharged through the weir 160. Further, a monitoring module is provided on the weir 160 in the embodiments of the present invention to monitor the water level data of the weir 160 through the monitoring module. In addition, the control valve 150 in the embodiments of the present invention is arranged on the bypass pipe 140. By adjusting and controlling the control valve 150, the water flow rate flowing through the bypass pipe 140 can be controlled. Correspondingly, in the embodiments of the present invention, the water level data obtained by monitoring is analyzed to determine whether the current flow rate discharged by the weir 160 meets the ecological flow requirements, and the corresponding analysis result is obtained. Then, the control valve 150 is controlled according to the analysis result, so as to adjust the water flow rate in the bypass pipe 140, control the flow rate discharged by the weir 160, realize the ecological flow discharge of the penstock diversion hydropower station, and effectively improve the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow discharge.

[0052] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring module includes a water level gauge 170. Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the water level gauge 170 is arranged on the weir 160 to dynamically monitor the crest water head data of the weir 160 through the water level gauge 170. For example, in the embodiments of the present invention, the water level gauge 170 is installed on the side wall of the weir 160 to monitor the water level height difference at the crest of the weir 160, that is, the water level difference between the upstream and downstream of the crest when the water flow passes through the crest. Among them, in the embodiments of the present invention, the water flow rate flowing through the weir 160 is calculated through the monitored crest water head data, so as to determine the current flow rate discharged by the weir 160.

[0053] Referring to Figure 2 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the inlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is connected above the pipe of the penstock 130. Specifically, in the embodiments of the present invention, the contact surface between the inlet end of the bypass pipe 140 and the penstock 130 is the upper side surface of the pipe of the penstock 130, such as Figure 2As shown in the figure. Since the water flow in the penstock 130 may carry sediment and debris, etc., these impurities may damage or silt up the bypass pipe 140 after entering the bypass pipe 140, shortening the service life of the bypass pipe 140. Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, the upper side of the pipeline of the penstock 130 is communicated with the bypass pipe 140 to improve the service life of the bypass pipe 140, relieve the problem of debris siltation, and improve the stability and reliability of the system. In addition, the outlet end of the bypass pipe 140 in the embodiment of the present invention is connected to the bottom of the weir 160. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the outlet end of the bypass pipe 140 is arranged at the bottom of the weir 160, so that the water flow enters the weir 160 smoothly from the bottom of the weir 160 in a direction close to horizontal, which can effectively reduce the interference of water surface fluctuations, vortices or backflows on the monitoring of the head data at the weir crest, thereby improving the calculation accuracy of the discharged flow rate.

[0054] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the monitoring module further includes a camera sub-module 180. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the camera sub-module 180 is arranged on the weir 160 to dynamically collect the image of the weir opening of the weir 160. For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the camera of the camera sub-module 180 is arranged on the weir 160 and is aligned with the weir opening of the weir 160, so as to be able to monitor the water flow discharging condition of the weir 160 in real time, obtain the image data of the ecological flow discharge, facilitate observing the water flow state, and assist in verifying the accuracy of the monitoring data of the water level gauge 170, so as to verify whether there is an abnormal problem with the ecological flow discharge. Among them, the water level gauge 170 and the camera sub-module 180 in the embodiment of the present invention can be separately installed.

[0055] Referring to Figure 2 , in some embodiments of the present invention, the bypass pipe 140 includes a bypass horizontal pipe section. Specifically, in the embodiment of the present invention, the bypass horizontal pipe section refers to the pipe section of the bypass pipe 140 that is horizontally arranged. Correspondingly, in the embodiment of the present invention, the control valve 150 is arranged on this bypass horizontal pipe section, as Figure 2 shown. It is easy to understand that since the valve core of the control valve 150 usually relies on vertical movement to achieve flow regulation, therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, by arranging the control valve 150 on the bypass horizontal pipe section, lateral eccentric wear can be reduced, the sealing surface can be evenly contacted, and the problem that the valve core cannot be tightly closed due to its own weight sagging can be relieved, thereby improving the regulation accuracy and sealing performance.

[0056] In some embodiments of the present invention, the steps of setting the bypass pipe include but are not limited to the following steps:

[0057] Analyze and calculate according to the approved ecological flow parameters to determine the pipe inner diameter data.

[0058] Set the bypass pipe according to the inner diameter data of the pipeline.

[0059] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention first analyzes according to the approved ecological flow parameters to determine the inner diameter data of the pipeline, and then sets the bypass pipe according to the inner diameter data of the pipeline. Specifically, the approved ecological flow parameters in the embodiment of the present invention refer to the expected discharge flow. For example, the pipeline flow calculation formula of the bypass pipe in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the following formula (1):

[0060]

[0061] Wherein, in the formula, Q represents the downstream discharge value, with the unit of cubic meters per second (m 3 / s), v represents the measured flow velocity value, with the unit of meters per second (m / s), d represents the inner diameter of the pipeline, with the unit of meters (m). Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, for steel pipes, the nominal diameter can be taken, and for plastic pipes, the nominal diameter minus twice the wall thickness is taken.

[0062] In addition, the calculation formulas for the inner diameter and length of the bypass pipe in the embodiment of the present invention are shown in the following formula (2):

[0063]

[0064] Wherein, in the formula, Z1 represents the minimum working head of the orifice, which is the water level difference between upstream and downstream during submerged outflow, and the difference between the upstream water level and the elevation of the outlet center during free outflow, with the unit of meters (m), R T represents the comprehensive coefficient of head loss, L represents the pipeline length, with the unit of meters (m), n6 represents the roughness coefficient, which can be determined according to SL655, R represents the hydraulic radius, with the unit of meters (m), D represents the inner diameter of the pipeline, with the unit of meters (m), A represents the cross-sectional area of the pipeline, with the unit of square meters (m 2 ), ζ represents the local head loss coefficient, x represents the outflow coefficient, which takes 1.0 during free outflow and 0 during complete submersion. For example, when the approved ecological flow Q = 0.02 m 3 / s, H1 = 1 m is set, n6 = 0.013, ∑ζ = 1.2, x = 1; after calculation, D = 0.1 m can meet the requirements of ecological flow discharge.

[0065] It should be noted that the inner diameter of the bypass pipe in the embodiment of the present invention can be set larger than the inner diameter calculated from the approved ecological flow, but the maximum size is generally not more than the inner diameter of the penstock. In addition, since the bypass pipe does not directly monitor the pipeline flow situation, the pipeline length of the bypass pipe in the embodiment of the present invention can be customarily set according to the actual situation.

[0066] In some embodiments of the present invention, the steps of setting the water measuring weir include but are not limited to the following steps:

[0067] Analyze according to the approved ecological flow parameters and the preset flow measurement range data to determine the target type of weir. Among them, the target type of weir includes one of a rectangular thin-walled weir, a triangular thin-walled weir, and a spillway weir.

[0068] Construct a weir according to the target type of weir.

[0069] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention first analyzes according to the approved ecological flow parameters and the preset flow measurement range data to determine the target type of weir, and then constructs a weir according to the target type of weir. Specifically, the preset flow measurement range data in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the range of the ecological flow size to be monitored. Correspondingly, the target type of weir in the embodiment of the present invention includes one of a rectangular thin-walled weir, a triangular thin-walled weir, and a spillway weir. Exemplarily, the applicable range of monitoring the ecological flow size in the embodiment of the present invention is 0.001 - 0.4 m 3 / s. For example, for a smaller flow rate, the embodiment of the present invention uses a rectangular thin-walled weir or a triangular thin-walled weir for flow measurement, where the flow measurement range of the rectangular thin-walled weir is 0.003 - 0.08 m 3 / s, and the flow measurement range of the triangular thin-walled weir is 0.001 - 0.03 m 3 / s. For a larger flow rate, the embodiment of the present invention measures the flow through a spillway weir, which is divided into free weir flow and submerged weir flow, and the flow measurement range is 0.006 - 0.4 m 3 / s.

[0070] Correspondingly, the size of the weir in the embodiment of the present invention can be designed according to the "Code for Measurement of Hydraulic Structures and Weir Tanks" (SL537 - 2011), which is applicable to the measurement of the ecological flow discharged by small hydropower stations. Among them, the water flow should be stable within 1 m upstream of the overflow weir without large waves. The downstream of the rectangular thin-walled weir or the triangular thin-walled weir for flow measurement should have unobstructed drainage. When discharging the ecological flow, the downstream water level should be at least 0.1 m lower than the weir crest to meet the condition of free outflow. For example, as Figure 3 shown, Figure 3 is the front view of the rectangular thin-walled weir provided by the embodiment of the present invention. In the figure, b represents the width of the weir opening, P represents the height of the weir, H represents the height of the weir opening, and h represents the head of the weir crest. The recommended size table of the rectangular thin-walled weir is shown in Table 1 below:

[0071] Table 1

[0072]

[0073]

[0074] In addition, as Figure 4 shown, Figure 4The front view of the triangular thin-walled weir provided by the embodiment of the present invention, where B in the figure represents the width of the upstream channel, and T represents the width of the weir crest. Correspondingly, the recommended dimension table of the triangular thin-walled weir in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 2 below:

[0075] Table 2

[0076]

[0077] In addition, as Figure 5 shown, Figure 5 The schematic diagram of the sharp edge of the weir opening of the triangular thin-walled weir and the rectangular thin-walled weir provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, in the processing requirements of the sharp edge of the weir opening, the horizontal thickness of the sharp edge should be controlled between 1 and 2 millimeters. When the thickness is greater than this range, the lower edge of the notch should be processed into an inclined plane, and the angle between the inclined plane and the weir crest and the side should not be less than 45°.

[0078] In addition, as Figure 6 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 shown, the schematic diagram of the structure of the discharge weir provided by the embodiment of the present invention, where L in the figure represents the length of the weir body, P represents the height of the weir, h1 represents the super elevation distance of the weir crest, and h2 represents the effective head in front of the weir. Correspondingly, the recommended dimension table of the discharge weir in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in Table 3 below:

[0079] Table 3

[0080]

[0081] In addition, as Figure 9 shown, Figure 9 The schematic diagram of flow measurement of the water measuring weir provided by the embodiment of the present invention. Among them, in the embodiment of the present invention, the water level measurement position is more than 0.8 meters away from the water measuring weir, the weir crest is at elevation 0, and the downstream water level should be 0.1 m lower than the weir crest.

[0082] A method for discharging ecological flow in a hydropower station provided by an embodiment of the present invention can realize the discharge of ecological flow in a pressure steel pipe diversion hydropower station, and effectively improve the stability and ecological benefits of the discharge of ecological flow. Referring to Figure 10 , the method of the embodiment of the present invention includes but is not limited to steps S210 to S220.

[0083] Specifically, the application process of applying the method of the embodiment of the present invention to the above-mentioned ecological flow discharge system of the hydropower station includes but is not limited to the following steps:

[0084] Step S210: Monitor and obtain water level data through the monitoring module.

[0085] Step S220: Analyze according to the water level data, so as to control the control valve according to the analysis result and adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir.

[0086] During the operation of this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention monitors the water level data through the monitoring module, and then analyzes the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result, so as to adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir. Specifically, the water level data in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the water level data of the water measuring weir. Correspondingly, the monitoring module in the embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the water measuring weir to monitor the water measuring weir in real time. Then, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes whether the flow rate of the water discharged from the water measuring weir meets the ecological flow requirement according to the monitored water level data, and obtains the corresponding analysis result. Then, the embodiment of the present invention adjusts the control valve according to the analysis result to regulate the water flow rate flowing through the bypass pipe, and then controls the flow discharge of the water measuring weir. For example, increasing the water flow rate of the bypass pipe to increase the flow discharge of the water measuring weir, so as to realize the ecological flow discharge of the penstock diversion hydropower station. At the same time, through the closed-loop control formed between the monitoring module and the control valve, the accurate regulation of the ecological flow discharge can be realized, effectively improving the stability and ecological benefits of the ecological flow discharge.

[0087] In some embodiments of the present invention, the water level data monitored by the monitoring module includes, but is not limited to, the following steps:

[0088] Dynamically collect the crest water head data of the water measuring weir through a water level gauge.

[0089] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention dynamically collects the crest water head data of the water measuring weir through a water level gauge. Specifically, the monitoring module in the embodiment of the present invention includes a water level gauge. Among them, the water level gauge in the embodiment of the present invention is arranged on the side wall of the water measuring weir. Correspondingly, the crest water head data in the embodiment of the present invention refers to the water level height difference data at the crest of the water measuring weir, that is, when the water flow passes through the crest, the vertical height difference between the upstream water surface (section before the weir) and the downstream water surface at the crest. The embodiment of the present invention monitors this water level difference to calculate the water flow rate flowing through the water measuring weir, that is, the flow discharge of the water measuring weir.

[0090] In some embodiments of the present invention, analyze the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result and adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir, including but not limited to the following steps:

[0091] Analyze and calculate according to the crest water head data and the preset dimension parameters to obtain the current flow data. The preset dimension parameters include the dimension data of the water measuring weir.

[0092] Analyze the current flow data and the approved ecological flow parameters to determine the expected opening data.

[0093] Regulate the control valve according to the expected opening data to adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir.

[0094] In this specific embodiment, the embodiment of the present invention analyzes and calculates through the head data at the weir crest and preset dimension parameters to obtain the current flow rate data, and then analyzes according to the current flow rate data and the approved ecological flow rate parameters to determine the expected opening data, so as to control the control valve according to the expected opening data and adjust the flow discharge of the water measuring weir. Specifically, the preset dimension parameters in the embodiment of the present invention include the dimension data of the water measuring weir, and the water flow rate (current flow rate data) flowing through the water measuring weir is calculated by combining the head at the weir crest collected and the corresponding dimension data of the water measuring weir. Exemplarily, the flow measurement formula for a rectangular thin-walled weir in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the following formula (3):

[0095]

[0096] Wherein, in the formula, C D represents the discharge coefficient, b e represents the effective width, with the unit of meter (m), h e represents the effective head, with the unit of meter (m), K b represents the correction value for the width b1 considering the influence of viscosity and surface tension, with the unit of meter (m), K h1 represents the correction value for the head h considering the influence of viscosity and surface tension, with the unit of meter (m), and b1 represents the weir opening width, with the unit of meter (m).

[0097] In addition, when the weir angle of the triangular thin-walled weir in the embodiment of the present invention is between π / 9 and 5π / 9, the flow measurement formula is shown in the following formula (4):

[0098]

[0099] Wherein, in the formula, θ represents the weir opening angle, with the unit of radian (rad), and K h2 represents the correction value considering the comprehensive influence of viscosity and surface tension, with the unit of meter (m).

[0100] In addition, the flow rate formula for the free weir flow of the discharge weir in the embodiment of the present invention is shown in the following formula (5):

[0101]

[0102] Wherein, in the formula, Q represents the ecological flow rate discharged by the discharge facility, with the unit of cubic meter per second (m 3 / s); K represents the inlet flow regime coefficient, which is used when the flow direction at the inlet section of the low weir is not positive; ε represents the side contraction coefficient; C represents the weir flow discharge coefficient; g represents the acceleration of gravity, with the unit of meter per square second (m / s 2 ); H represents the total head, with the unit of meter (m); n1 represents the number of water passing holes, with the unit of piece; b represents the single-hole width of the weir opening, with the unit of meter (m).

[0103] In addition, the flow rate formula for submerged weir flow measurement of the spillway weir in the embodiments of the present invention is shown in the following formula (6):

[0104]

[0105] Among them, in the formula, σ s represents the submerged coefficient of weir flow.

[0106] Next, the embodiments of the present invention compare and analyze the current flow rate data with the expected discharge flow rate (approved ecological flow rate parameter) to determine whether the currently discharged flow rate meets the ecological flow rate requirement, thereby determining the expected opening data of the control valve. Finally, the embodiments of the present invention adjust the opening of the control valve according to the expected opening data. For example, when it is determined that the currently discharged flow rate is less than the expected discharge flow rate, the embodiments of the present invention increase the opening of the control valve according to the expected opening data to adjust the flow rate discharge of the water measuring weir to meet the expected discharge flow rate, so as to achieve accurate regulation of the ecological flow rate discharge.

[0107] It is easy to understand that, without changing the existing river blocking facilities, the embodiments of the present invention deploy the ecological flow rate discharge and monitoring facilities, which not only meet the requirements of ecological environment protection, but also do not affect the operation safety of the river blocking facilities, effectively alleviating the problems of discharging and monitoring the ecological flow rate of small hydropower stations with penstock diversion type, and having good ecological benefits. Among them, the embodiments of the present invention discharge the ecological flow rate through a newly connected bypass pipe of the penstock, and the control valve of the bypass pipe controls the flow rate size, and quantitatively monitors the ecological flow rate by building a new water measuring weir at the end of the bypass pipe, so as to achieve precise discharge and monitoring of the ecological flow rate.

[0108] The embodiments described in the embodiments of the present application are for more clearly explaining the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation to the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application. Those skilled in the art know that with the evolution of technology and the emergence of new application scenarios, the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0109] Those skilled in the art can understand that the technical solutions shown in the figures do not constitute a limitation to the embodiments of the present application, and may include more or fewer steps than those shown in the figures, or combine some steps, or different steps.

[0110] The device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Some or all of the modules can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.

[0111] Those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that all or some of the steps in the methods disclosed above, and the functional modules / units in systems and devices, can be implemented as software, firmware, hardware, or a suitable combination thereof.

[0112] As used in the specification of this application and the above drawings, the terms "first", "second", "third", "fourth", etc. (if any) are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data may be interchanged under appropriate circumstances so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in an order different from those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "comprising" and "having" and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion. For example, a process, method, system, product, or device that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products, or devices.

[0113] It should be understood that in this application, "at least one (item)" means one or more, and "a plurality" means two or more. "And / or" is used to describe the association relationship of associated objects and indicates that three relationships may exist. For example, "A and / or B" may mean: only A exists, only B exists, and both A and B exist simultaneously. Here, A and B may be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the associated objects before and after are in an "or" relationship. "At least one (one) of the following" or a similar expression means any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (ones) or plural items (ones). For example, at least one (one) of a, b, or c may mean: a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c may be single or multiple.

[0114] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the above division of units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the displayed or discussed coupling or direct coupling or communication connection to each other may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.

[0115] The preferred embodiments of the embodiments of the present application have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, which do not limit the scope of rights of the embodiments of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and essence of the embodiments of the present application shall fall within the scope of rights of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A hydropower station ecological flow discharge system, characterized in that: Applied to a penstock-type water diversion hydropower station, the system comprises: A bypass pipe, the inlet end of which is connected to the pressure steel pipe, and the bypass pipe is used to drain the water flow in the pressure steel pipe; A water measuring weir, the water measuring weir is connected to the outlet end of the bypass pipe, and the water measuring weir is used for ecological flow discharge; A monitoring module, the monitoring module is arranged on the water measuring weir, and the monitoring module is used to monitor the water level data of the water measuring weir; A control valve is provided on the bypass pipe, and is used to adjust the water flow rate of the bypass pipe according to the analysis result of the water level data to control the flow discharge amount of the water measuring weir.

2. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring module comprises: A water level meter is arranged on the water measuring weir, and is used to monitor the water head data at the top of the water measuring weir.

3. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The inlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the upper part of the pipe of the pressure steel pipe, and the outlet end of the bypass pipe is connected to the bottom of the water measuring weir.

4. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The monitoring module also includes: A camera module is provided on the water measuring weir and is used for dynamically collecting the image data of the weir mouth of the water measuring weir.

5. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The bypass pipe includes a bypass horizontal pipe section, and the control valve is arranged on the bypass horizontal pipe section.

6. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of setting the bypass pipe include: Analyze and calculate according to the approved ecological flow parameters to determine the pipeline inner diameter data; The bypass pipe is set according to the pipeline inner diameter data.

7. The system according to claim 1, characterized in that The steps of setting the water measuring weir include: Analyze the approved ecological flow parameters and the preset flow measurement range data to determine the target water measuring weir type; wherein the target water measuring weir type includes one of a rectangular thin-wall weir, a triangular thin-wall weir and a spillway weir; The water measuring weir is constructed according to the target water measuring weir type.

8. A method for releasing ecological flow from a hydropower station, characterized in that: Applied to the system of claim 1, the method comprises the following steps: Obtain water level data through monitoring module; The water level data is analyzed to control the control valve according to the analysis result to adjust the flow discharge amount of the water measuring weir.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The water level data is obtained by monitoring the monitoring module, including: The water head data of the weir top of the water measuring weir is dynamically collected through a water level meter.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that The analyzing the water level data to control the control valve according to the analysis result and adjust the flow discharge amount of the water measuring weir includes: Analyze and calculate according to the weir top water head data and preset size parameters to obtain current flow data; wherein the preset size parameters include the size data of the water measuring weir; Analyze the current flow data and the approved ecological flow parameters to determine the expected opening data; The control valve is regulated according to the desired opening data to adjust the flow discharge amount of the water measuring weir.

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