Offshore photovoltaic system and construction method thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses an offshore photovoltaic system and a construction method thereof. The offshore photovoltaic system comprises a tubular pile and a photovoltaic platform. The pipe pile comprises a pipe pile body and a protective coating, and the pipe pile body is made of a first composite material; the photovoltaic platform is installed at the top of the pipe pile and comprises a main truss, a photovoltaic panel supporting truss and a photovoltaic panel, the main truss is installed at the top of the pipe pile and is made of a second composite material, and the photovoltaic panel supporting truss is installed at the upper end of the main truss and is made of the second composite material; the first composite material and the second composite material comprise polyurethane, glass fibers and carbon fibers, and the photovoltaic panel support is fixed on the photovoltaic panel support truss. According to the offshore photovoltaic system, the tubular pile made of the composite material and the photovoltaic platform in the embodiment of the invention, the self weight of an offshore photovoltaic supporting structure system is reduced, and the stability of the offshore photovoltaic system is effectively improved; the outer surface of the pipe pile body is coated with the protective coating, so that the seawater corrosion resistance of the pipe pile is enhanced, and the daily maintenance cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of offshore photovoltaic technology, and particularly relates to an offshore photovoltaic system and a construction method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Offshore photovoltaic is a photovoltaic power station built on the ocean. China has a vast sea area, sufficient sunshine time, and developed industries, as well as tight power and land resources in coastal areas. Developing offshore photovoltaic can alleviate problems such as power shortages.

[0003] The support structure components of offshore photovoltaic modules consist of an upper platform and pipe piles. The traditional platform material is carbon steel galvanized. If applied to the offshore photovoltaic scenario, it has the defects of large weight, high cost, poor weather resistance, and difficult installation. The traditional pipe pile material is a precast concrete pile by the pile driving method, with an embedded depth of 10 - 15 meters below the mud. Offshore photovoltaic in China is usually located in the eastern offshore sea areas or tidal flat areas, where the thickness of the offshore silt layer reaches 20 meters. The concrete pipe piles cannot reach the rock layer and need to rely on the friction force of the silt for bearing. The self-weight of the concrete pipe piles is large, and the self-settlement rates of the four pipe piles under the same platform are different due to geological conditions. When the settlement rate differences of the four pipe piles are large, the risk of tilting and sliding of the upper platform is high, and in severe cases, it may cause safety problems such as the collapse of photovoltaic modules. In addition, the corrosion of concrete materials by seawater immersion will also weaken the bearing capacity and durability of the pipe piles, resulting in deformation of the upper structure and affecting the stability of the upper structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. For this reason, an object of the present invention is to provide an offshore photovoltaic system, which has a light overall weight, strong seawater corrosion resistance and stability, higher strength than ordinary structural carbon steel, and low daily maintenance cost.

[0005] The present invention also provides a construction method for the above-mentioned offshore photovoltaic system.

[0006] The offshore photovoltaic system according to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes: pipe piles and a photovoltaic platform. The pipe piles include a pipe pile body and a protective coating, the protective coating is coated on the outer surface of the pipe pile body, the pipe pile body is made of a first composite material, and the first composite material includes polyurethane, glass fiber, and carbon fiber; the photovoltaic platform is installed on the top of the pipe piles and includes a main truss, a photovoltaic panel support truss, and photovoltaic panels. The main truss is installed on the top of the pipe piles and is made of a second composite material, and the second composite material includes polyurethane, glass fiber, and carbon fiber. The photovoltaic panel support truss is installed on the upper side of the main truss and is made of the second composite material, and the photovoltaic panels are fixedly supported on the photovoltaic panel support truss.

[0007] The offshore photovoltaic system according to the embodiments of the present invention reduces the overall weight of the offshore photovoltaic system by using the pipe piles of the first composite material and the main trusses of the second composite material. The pipe piles are light in self-weight and are not likely to settle due to their own weight under soft silt geological conditions, improving the stability of the offshore photovoltaic system. By coating the protective coating on the outer surface of the pipe pile body, the seawater corrosion resistance of the pipe pile is enhanced, reducing the daily maintenance cost.

[0008] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first composite material further includes nano-silica and silicon carbide particles.

[0009] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the total mass of the glass fiber and the carbon fiber accounts for 60% - 70% of the mass in the first composite material or the second composite material.

[0010] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the protective coating is 50μm - 80μm.

[0011] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polyurethane is aromatic / aliphatic polyurethane, and the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber.

[0012] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the protective coating includes a first protective coating and a second protective coating. The first protective coating is arranged below the second protective coating and below the sea surface, and the second protective coating is above the sea surface. The first protective coating is a silica nano-material hydrophobic coating, and the second protective coating is an anti-ultraviolet aliphatic resin coating.

[0013] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pipe pile body includes a pile tip, a pile barrel, and a pile head. The pile tip is arranged at the bottom of the pile barrel, and the pile head is arranged at the top of the pile barrel. The pile tip is conical, and the pile barrel is a hollow circular tube structure.

[0014] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the pile barrel is 1.6m - 2.4m, and the wall thickness of the pile barrel is 16mm - 24mm.

[0015] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pipe pile further includes a plurality of bending-resistant bamboo joint rings. The plurality of bending-resistant bamboo joint rings are sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the pipe pile body and are arranged at intervals in the up and down direction.

[0016] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent bending-resistant bamboo joint rings on the same pipe pile is 2m - 4m, the wall thickness of the bending-resistant bamboo joint ring is 20mm - 50mm, and the width of the bending-resistant bamboo joint ring in the up and down direction is 100mm - 150mm.

[0017] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pipe pile body includes a pile tip, a pile barrel, and a pile head. The pile tip is provided at the bottom of the pile barrel, and the pile head is provided at the top of the pile barrel. The pile head includes a connecting cross plate. The main truss includes a first upper chord, a first lower chord, a first vertical web member, and a first diagonal web member. The first upper chord and the first lower chord are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The first vertical web member and the first diagonal web member are both connected between the first upper chord and the first lower chord;

[0018] Wherein, the connecting cross plate and the first lower chord are tightly connected by a first metal hoop, and an adhesive layer is provided between the connecting cross plate and the first lower chord.

[0019] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main truss includes a first upper chord, a first lower chord, a first vertical web member, and a first diagonal web member. The first upper chord and the first lower chord are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The first vertical web member and the first diagonal web member are both connected between the first upper chord and the first lower chord;

[0020] The photovoltaic panel support truss includes a second upper chord, a second lower chord, a second vertical web member, and a second diagonal web member. The second upper chord and the second lower chord are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The second vertical web member and the second diagonal web member are both connected between the second upper chord and the second lower chord;

[0021] Wherein, a second metal hoop is sleeved on the first upper chord, a third metal hoop is sleeved on the second lower chord, and the third metal hoop and the second metal hoop are connected by fasteners;

[0022] A fourth metal hoop is sleeved on the second upper chord, and a fifth metal hoop is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel. The fifth metal hoop is clamped on the second upper chord and is connected to the fourth metal hoop by fasteners.

[0023] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the main truss is two bays arranged at intervals in the first direction, the span of the truss is 15m to 25m, the length of a single bay of the main truss is 35m to 40m, and the height is 7m to 9m;

[0024] The photovoltaic panel support truss is multiple bays arranged at intervals in the second direction in sequence, the span of the truss is 35m to 45m. The first direction, the second direction, and the vertical direction intersect pairwise. The number of the photovoltaic panel support trusses is 10 bays to 15 bays, and the length of a single bay of the photovoltaic panel support truss is 65m to 70m, and the height is 1.8m to 2.5m.

[0025] The construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system according to the second aspect embodiment of the present invention, wherein the offshore photovoltaic system is the offshore photovoltaic system according to the first aspect embodiment above, and the construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system includes:

[0026] Driving and fixing the pipe piles in the installation water area;

[0027] Transporting the photovoltaic platform assembled integrally on the shore to the installation water area by a transfer ship;

[0028] Hoisting the whole photovoltaic platform above the pipe piles and installing and fixing the photovoltaic platform on the top of the pipe piles.

[0029] According to the construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system of the embodiment of the present invention, by assembling the photovoltaic platform integrally and then transporting it above the pipe piles for fixing, the workload of sea surface operation is reduced, and the complexity and installation cost of the offshore photovoltaic system installation are reduced.

[0030] The additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be partly given in the following description, partly will become obvious from the following description, or be understood through the practice of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become obvious and easy to understand from the description of the embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings, wherein:

[0032] Figure 1 is a side view schematic diagram of an offshore photovoltaic system according to some embodiments of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 is Figure 1 the front view schematic diagram of the offshore photovoltaic system in;

[0034] Figure 3 is Figure 2 the top view schematic diagram of the offshore photovoltaic system in;

[0035] Figure 4 is Figure 1 the schematic diagram of the pipe pile in;

[0036] Figure 5 is Figure 4 the partial enlarged view of the pile head and pile barrel of the pipe pile in;

[0037] Figure 6 is Figure 4 the partial enlarged view of the pile tip and pile barrel of the pipe pile in;

[0038] Figure 7 is Figure 4 the schematic diagram of the pile tip of the pipe pile in;

[0039] Figure 8 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the main truss in

[0040] Figure 9 is Figure 8 a sectional view along the A-A plane in

[0041] Figure 10 is Figure 8 a partial enlarged view at B in

[0042] Figure 11 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic panel support truss in

[0043] Figure 12 is Figure 11 a side view of the photovoltaic panel support truss in

[0044] Figure 13 is Figure 11 a partial enlarged view at C in

[0045] Figure 14 is Figure 2 a schematic diagram of the photovoltaic panel in

[0046] Figure 15 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the connection between the pipe pile and the main truss in

[0047] Figure 16 is Figure 15 a layout sectional view of the connection between the pipe pile and the main truss of

[0048] Figure 17 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the connection between the main truss and the photovoltaic panel support truss in

[0049] Figure 18 is Figure 17 a schematic diagram of the connection between the main truss and the photovoltaic panel support truss from another angle in

[0050] Figure 19 is Figure 1 a schematic diagram of the connection between the photovoltaic panel support truss and the photovoltaic panel in

[0051] Figure 20 is Figure 19 a schematic diagram of the connection between the photovoltaic panel support truss and the photovoltaic panel from another angle in

[0052] Reference numerals:

[0053] 100, Offshore photovoltaic system;

[0054] 20, Pipe pile; 22, Pile tip; 23, Pile barrel; 24, Pile head; 241, Connecting cross plate; 25, Bending-resistant bamboo joint ring; 26, Cross stiffening rib;

[0055] 30, Photovoltaic platform;

[0056] 31, Main truss; 311, First upper chord; 312, First lower chord; 313, First vertical web member; 314, First diagonal web member; 315; First metal hoop; 316, Adhesive layer; 317, Second metal hoop; 318, First three-dimensional molded joint;

[0057] 32, Photovoltaic panel support truss; 321, Second upper chord; 322, Second lower chord; 323, Second vertical web member; 324, Second diagonal web member; 325; Third metal hoop; 326, Fourth metal hoop; 327, Fastener; 328, Second three-dimensional molded joint;

[0058] 33, Photovoltaic panel; 331, Fifth metal hoop. Detailed implementation manners

[0059] The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. The examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0060] Below, refer to Figures 1 - 20 Describe the offshore photovoltaic system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0061] Refer to Figures 1 - 2 , The offshore photovoltaic system 100 according to the first aspect embodiment of the present invention includes a pipe pile 20 and a photovoltaic platform 30.

[0062] The pipe pile 20 includes a pipe pile 20 body and a protective coating, the protective coating is coated on the outer surface of the pipe pile 20 body, and the pipe pile 20 body is made of a first composite material, and the first composite material includes polyurethane, glass fiber and carbon fiber. Among them, the pipe pile 20 plays the role of supporting the photovoltaic platform 30, and is driven into the silt layer below the sea level a by a hammer pile driver, and the friction of the silt is used to hold the force; the protective coating plays the role of protecting the pipe pile 20 by blocking ultraviolet rays in the sun and reducing the attachment of underwater algae. The surface of the protective coating can be a rough coating, which can increase the friction of the side of the pipe pile 20; the pipe pile 20 body is made of a first composite material including polyurethane, glass fiber and carbon fiber. The composite material is a designable material. Through fiber laying design and resin formulation, the mechanical properties of bending and shearing resistance can be improved to adapt to the needs of complex marine environments. The composite material has a low elastic modulus, better energy absorption capacity, and performs better under extreme loads such as typhoons and earthquakes. Composite materials can resist the erosion of seawater, salt spray and microorganisms for a long time without regular maintenance; composite materials are lightweight and high-strength, very suitable for the thick silt geological conditions of my country's coastal waters and tidal flats; composite materials are not prone to fatigue cracks under dynamic loads such as waves and wind loads for a long time, extending the life of the structure by more than 30 years. Pipe piles made of composite materials are light in weight, highly resistant to seawater corrosion, and reduce daily maintenance costs.

[0063] The photovoltaic platform 30 is installed on the top of the pipe pile 20 and includes a main truss 31, a photovoltaic panel support truss 32 and a photovoltaic panel 33. The main truss 31 is installed on the top of the pipe pile 20 and is made of a second composite material, which includes polyurethane, glass fiber and carbon fiber. The photovoltaic panel support truss 32 is installed on the upper side of the main truss 31 and is made of the second composite material. The photovoltaic panel 33 is supported and fixed on the photovoltaic panel support truss 32. Among them, the main truss 31 plays a supporting role for the pipe pile 20 and the photovoltaic panel support truss 32; the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 plays a role in supporting the photovoltaic panel 33; the photovoltaic panel 33 is the main body of photovoltaic power generation, which plays a role in converting solar energy into electrical energy. The main truss 31 and the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 are made of a second composite material including polyurethane, glass fiber and carbon fiber. The main truss 31 and the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 made of the composite material are light in weight, which reduces the daily maintenance cost.

[0064] According to the offshore photovoltaic system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, the overall weight of the offshore photovoltaic system 100 is reduced by using the pipe piles 20 of the first composite material and the main trusses 31 of the second composite material. The pipe piles 20 are light in weight and are not prone to sinking due to their own weight under soft silt geological conditions, thereby improving the stability of the offshore photovoltaic system 100. By coating the protective coating on the outer surface of the pipe pile 20 body, the seawater corrosion resistance of the pipe pile 20 is enhanced, and the daily maintenance cost is low.

[0065] Among them, the material mechanical property indexes of the first composite material and the second composite material are shown in Table 1:

[0066] Table 1

[0067] Mechanical property indexes of materials First / Second composite materials Tensile strength at 0° ≥1000 MPa Tensile modulus at 0° ≥80 GPa Tensile strength at 90° ≥400 MPa Tensile modulus at 90° ≥30 GPa Flexural strength at 0° ≥1000 MPa Flexural modulus at 0° ≥60 GPa Compressive strength at 0° ≥750 MPa Compressive modulus at 0° ≥45 MPa Interlaminar shear strength ≥45 MPa

[0068] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the first composite material further includes nano-silica and silicon carbide particles.

[0069] Among them, the nano-silica and silicon carbide particles in the first composite material play a buffering role. The surface of nano-silica is rich in silanol groups, which can form a reversible three-dimensional network structure in the matrix. This structure provides viscosity support under static conditions. When subjected to shear force, the network dissociates temporarily and returns to its original state after the external force disappears. It absorbs impact energy and inhibits stress concentration through dynamic viscoelastic changes; silicon carbide has high hardness and acts as a rigid support point in the composite material. It disperses external loads through its own deformation and interaction with the matrix, preventing brittle fracture caused by stress concentration. When the pipe pile 20 is driven into the silt layer, the pipe pile 20 is subjected to impacts and collisions as a whole. The nano-silica and silicon carbide particles in the pipe pile 20 can play a buffering role to avoid damage to the pipe pile 20 caused by excessive stress during construction.

[0070] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the total mass of glass fiber and carbon fiber accounts for 60% - 70% of the mass in the first composite material or the second composite material.

[0071] For example, the total mass of glass fiber and carbon fiber accounts for 60% - 70% of the mass in the first composite material. For example, the total mass ratio of glass fiber and carbon fiber in the first composite material can be 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, etc. By making the total mass of glass fiber and carbon fiber account for 60% - 70% of the mass in the first composite material, the pipe pile 20 can have greater structural strength.

[0072] For example, the total mass of glass fiber and carbon fiber accounts for 60% - 70% of the mass in the second composite material. For example, the total mass ratio of glass fiber and carbon fiber in the second composite material can be 60%, 62%, 64%, 66%, 68%, 70%, etc. By making the total mass of glass fiber and carbon fiber account for 60% - 70% of the mass in the second composite material, the photovoltaic platform 30 can have greater structural strength.

[0073] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the protective coating is 50 μm to 80 μm. For example, the thickness of the protective coating can be 50 μm, 55 μm, 60 μm, 65 μm, 70 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm, etc. If the thickness of the protective coating is too thick, it will lead to an increase in material costs and waste of raw materials; if the thickness of the protective coating is too thin, it cannot achieve a good protective effect.

[0074] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the polyurethane is aromatic / aliphatic polyurethane, and the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber. Among them, the aromatic / aliphatic polyurethane has a stable structure, making the pipe pile 20 not easily affected by ultraviolet rays and not easily turning yellow; the alkali-free glass fiber has good alkali resistance and corrosion resistance, and can keep the pipe pile 20 stable under extreme climate conditions and extend its service life.

[0075] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the protective coating includes a first protective coating and a second protective coating. The first protective coating is arranged below the second protective coating and below the sea surface, and the second protective coating is above the sea surface. The first protective coating is a hydrophobic coating of silica nanomaterial, and the second protective coating is an anti-ultraviolet aliphatic resin coating.

[0076] Among them, the hydrophobic coating of silica nanomaterial can reduce the attachment of underwater barnacles and algae to the pipe pile 20, and reduce the maintenance frequency and cost of the pipe pile 20; the aliphatic resin coating can reduce the aging and damage caused by ultraviolet irradiation of the pipe pile 20 and extend the service life of the pipe pile 20.

[0077] Refer to Figures 4 - 7 , according to some embodiments of the present invention, the pipe pile 20 body includes a pile tip 22, a pile barrel 23 and a pile head 24. The pile tip 22 is arranged at the bottom of the pile barrel 23, the pile head 24 is arranged at the top of the pile barrel 23, the pile tip 22 is conical, and the pile barrel 23 is a hollow circular tube structure.

[0078] Among them, the pile tip 22 and the pile barrel 23 can be bolted. The pile tip 22 of the pipe pile 20 is designed as a conical structure, which is helpful for the hammer-driven pile construction in silt geological conditions. Auxiliary structures such as a cross stiffener 26 can be arranged inside the conical pile tip 22. The pile barrel 23 is a hollow circular tube structure, and the pile barrel 23 and the pile head 24 can be bolted, which reduces the material cost and also reduces the overall weight of the pipe pile 20.

[0079] According to some embodiments of the present invention, the diameter of the pile barrel 23 is 1.6 m to 2.4 m, and the wall thickness of the pile barrel 23 is 16 mm to 24 mm. Among them, the specific material specifications of the pile barrel can be determined by software simulation calculation according to the structure and load combination.

[0080] For example, the diameter of the pile barrel 23 can be 1.6 m, 1.7 m, 1.8 m, 1.9 m, 2.0 m, 2.1 m, 2.2 m, 2.3 m, 2.4 m, etc. If the diameter of the pile barrel 23 is too large, it will lead to an increase in material costs, and the volume and weight of the pipe pile 20 will increase, increasing the difficulty of installing the pipe pile 20. If the diameter of the pile barrel 23 is too small, the overall support strength of the pipe pile 20 will decrease, increasing the risk of the overall collapse of the offshore photovoltaic platform 30.

[0081] For example, the wall thickness of the pile barrel 23 can be 16 mm, 17 mm, 18 mm, 19 mm, 20 mm, 21 mm, 22 mm, 23 mm, 24 mm, etc. If the wall thickness of the pile barrel 23 is too thick, it will lead to an increase in material costs, and the volume and weight of the pipe pile 20 will increase, increasing the difficulty of installing the pipe pile 20. If the wall thickness of the pile barrel 23 is too thin, the overall support strength of the pipe pile 20 will decrease, increasing the risk of the overall collapse of the offshore photovoltaic platform 30. According to some embodiments of the present invention, the pipe pile 20 further includes a plurality of bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25, and the plurality of bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 are sleeved on the outer peripheral side of the pipe pile 20 body and are arranged at intervals in the up and down directions. Among them, the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 play a role in enhancing the support strength of the pipe pile 20.

[0082] Refer to Figures 4 - 7 , according to some embodiments of the present invention, the distance between two adjacent bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 on the same pipe pile 20 is 2 m to 4 m, the wall thickness of the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 is 20 mm to 50 mm, and the width of the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 in the up and down direction is 100 mm to 150 mm.

[0083] For example, the distance between two adjacent bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 on the same pipe pile 20 can be 2 m, 2.5 m, 3 m, 3.5 m, 4 m, etc. If the distance between two adjacent bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 on the same pipe pile 20 is too small, it will lead to an increase in material costs. If the distance between two adjacent bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 on the same pipe pile 20 is too large, it will lead to a decrease in the overall support strength of the pipe pile 20, increasing the risk of the overall collapse of the offshore photovoltaic platform 30.

[0084] For example, the wall thickness of the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 can be 20 mm, 25 mm, 30 mm, 35 mm, 40 mm, 45 mm, 50 mm, etc. If the wall thickness of the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 is too thick, it will lead to an increase in material costs, increasing the difficulty of installing the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25. If the wall thickness of the bending-resistant bamboo joint rings 25 is too thin, it will lead to a decrease in the overall support strength of the pipe pile 20, increasing the risk of the overall collapse of the offshore photovoltaic platform 30.

[0085] For example, the width of the bending-resistant bamboo joint ring 25 in the up-down direction can be 100 mm, 105 mm, 110 mm, 115 mm, 120 mm, 125 mm, 130 mm, 135 mm, 140 mm, 145 mm, 150 mm, etc. If the width of the bending-resistant bamboo joint ring 25 in the up-down direction is too wide, it will lead to an increase in material costs and increase the difficulty of installing the bending-resistant bamboo joint ring 25; if the width of the bending-resistant bamboo joint ring 25 in the up-down direction is too narrow, it will lead to a reduction in the overall support strength of the pipe pile 20 and increase the risk of the overall collapse of the offshore photovoltaic platform 30.

[0086] Referring to Figures 4 - 10 , according to some embodiments of the present invention, the pipe pile 20 body includes a pile tip 22, a pile barrel 23, and a pile head 24. The pile tip 22 is provided at the bottom of the pile barrel 23, and the pile head 24 is provided at the top of the pile barrel 23. The pile head 24 includes a connecting cross plate 241. The main truss 31 includes a first upper chord 311, a first lower chord 312, a first vertical web member 313, and a first diagonal web member 314. The first upper chord 311 and the first lower chord 312 are spaced apart in the up-down direction. Both the first vertical web member 313 and the first diagonal web member 314 are connected between the first upper chord 311 and the first lower chord 312.

[0087] Among them, the pile tip 22 and the pile barrel 23 can be connected by bolts. When an auxiliary structure is provided inside the conical pile tip 22, bolts for connecting with the pile barrel 23 can be pre-buried, and then formed by methods such as compression molding. The pile head 24 and the upper main truss 31 are connected by a combination of two processes: metal hoop and bonding. After dimension positioning, the joint is integrally cured twice to form a fixed support joint.

[0088] The first upper chord 311 is a horizontal member located in the upper periphery of the main truss 31 structure and extending in the second direction along its length. The first upper chord 311 plays a role in bearing pressure, is used to support the weight and load on the upper part of the main truss 31 structure, and enhances the stability of the main truss 31.

[0089] The first lower chord 312 is a horizontal member located in the lower periphery of the main truss 31 structure and extending in the second direction along its length. The second upper chord 321 plays a role in bearing tension, is used to support the weight and load on the lower part of the main truss 31 structure, and enhances the stability of the main truss 31.

[0090] The first vertical web member 313 is a member located in the main truss 31 structure, connecting the first upper chord 311 and the first lower chord 312, and perpendicular to the second direction along its length. The first vertical web member 313 plays a role in supporting the main truss 31 and enhances the stability of the main truss 31.

[0091] The first diagonal web member 314 is a diagonal member located in the main truss 31 structure that connects the first upper chord member 311 and the first lower chord member 312, and whose length direction is inclined relative to the first direction and the second direction. The first diagonal web member 314 serves to transmit shear stress and bending moment, enhancing the stability of the main truss 31.

[0092] Among them, the connection method between the first upper chord member 311, the first upper chord member 311, the first vertical web member 313, and the first diagonal web member 314 can adopt joint connection. For example, the first vertical web member 313 and the first diagonal web member 314 can be connected to the first upper chord member 311 and the first lower chord member 312 through the first three-dimensional molded joint 318.

[0093] Among them, the connecting transverse plate 241 and the first lower chord member 312 are tightly connected by the first metal hoop 315, and an adhesive layer 316 is provided between the connecting transverse plate 241 and the first lower chord member 312. The first metal hoop 315 serves to connect the first lower chord member 312 and the connecting transverse plate 241; the adhesive layer 316 serves to strengthen the connection.

[0094] For example, the shape of the connecting transverse plate 241 can be set on the outer peripheral side of the first lower chord member 312. The first metal hoop 315 tightly hoops the first lower chord member 312 and the connecting transverse plate 241 along the circumferential direction of the first lower chord member 312, and the circumferential two ends of the first metal hoop 315 can be connected and locked through fasteners 327.

[0095] Refer to Figures 8 - 13 , according to some embodiments of the present invention, the main truss 31 includes a first upper chord member 311, a first lower chord member 312, a first vertical web member 313, and a first diagonal web member 314. The first upper chord member 311 and the first lower chord member 312 are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, and both the first vertical web member 313 and the first diagonal web member 314 are connected between the first upper chord member 311 and the first lower chord member 312.

[0096] The first upper chord member 311 is a horizontal member located in the upper periphery of the main truss 31 structure, and its length direction extends along the second direction. The first upper chord member 311 serves to bear pressure, and is used to support the self-weight and load transmitted from the upper photovoltaic panel support truss 32, enhancing the stability of the main truss 31.

[0097] The first lower chord member 312 is a horizontal member located in the lower periphery of the main truss 31 structure, and its length direction extends along the second direction. The second upper chord member 321 mainly serves to bear tension, and is used to support the weight and load of the lower part of the main truss 31 structure, enhancing the stability of the main truss 31.

[0098] The first vertical web member 313 is a member located in the main truss 31 structure that connects the first upper chord 311 and the first lower chord 312, and its length direction is perpendicular to the second direction. The first vertical web member 313 plays a role in supporting the main truss 31 and enhancing the stability of the main truss 31.

[0099] The first diagonal web member 314 is an inclined member located in the main truss 31 structure that connects the first upper chord 311 and the first lower chord 312, and its length direction is inclined with respect to the first direction and the second direction. The first diagonal web member 314 plays a role in transmitting shear stress and increasing the overall stiffness of the main truss 31, and enhancing the stability of the main truss 31.

[0100] The photovoltaic panel support truss 32 includes a second upper chord 321, a second lower chord 322, a second vertical web member 323, and a second diagonal web member 324. The second upper chord 321 and the second lower chord 322 are arranged at intervals in the up and down direction, and both the second vertical web member 323 and the second diagonal web member 324 are connected between the second upper chord 321 and the second lower chord 322.

[0101] The second upper chord 321 is a horizontal member located in the upper periphery of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 structure, and its length direction extends along the second direction. The second upper chord 321 plays a role in bearing pressure, is used to support the weight and load of the upper part of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 structure, and enhances the stability of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32.

[0102] The second lower chord 321 is a horizontal member located in the lower periphery of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 structure, and its length direction extends along the second direction. The second lower chord 321 plays a role in bearing tension, is used to support the weight and load of the lower part of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 structure, and enhances the stability of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32.

[0103] The second vertical web member 323 is a vertical member located in the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 structure that connects the second upper chord 321 and the second lower chord 322, and its length direction extends along the second direction. The second vertical web member 323 plays a role in supporting the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 and enhancing the stability of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32.

[0104] The second diagonal web member 324 is an inclined member located in the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 structure that connects the second upper chord 321 and the second lower chord 322, and its length direction is inclined with respect to the first direction and the second direction. The second diagonal web member 324 plays a role in transmitting shear stress and bending moment, and enhancing the stability of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32.

[0105] Among them, the connection mode between the second upper chord 321, the second upper chord 321, the second vertical web member 323 and the second diagonal web member 324 can adopt joint connection. For example, the second vertical web member 323 and the second diagonal web member 324 can be connected to the second upper chord 321 and the second lower chord 322 through the second three-dimensional molded joint 328.

[0106] Among them, a second metal hoop 317 is sleeved on the first upper chord 311, and a third metal hoop 325 is sleeved on the second lower chord 322. The third metal hoop 325 is connected to the second metal hoop 317 through a fastener 327. The second metal hoop 317 and the third metal hoop 325 play a role in connecting the second lower chord 322 and the first upper chord 311.

[0107] A fourth metal hoop 326 is sleeved on the second upper chord 321, and a fifth metal hoop 331 is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel 33. The fifth metal hoop 331 is clamped on the second upper chord 321 and is connected to the fourth metal hoop 326 through a fastener 327. The fourth metal hoop 326 and the fifth metal hoop 331 play a role in connecting the photovoltaic panel 33 and the second upper chord 321.

[0108] Referring to Figure 3 , according to some embodiments of the present invention, the main truss 31 is two frames arranged at intervals along the first direction (for example, referring to Figure 3 the e1 direction in

[0109] ). The span of the frames is between 15m and 25m, and the length of a single frame of the main truss 31 is 35m to 40m, and the height is 7m to 9m.

[0110] For example, the span of the main truss 31 arranged at intervals along the first direction can be 15m, 17m, 19m, 21m, 23m, 25m, etc. If the span of the main truss 31 arranged at intervals along the first direction is too small, it will cause a reduction in the area of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 it bears and a reduction in the area of the photovoltaic panel 33 it bears; if the span of the main truss 31 arranged at intervals along the first direction is too large, it will cause a reduction in the support strength of the main truss 31 and increase the risk of collapse in the middle of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32.

[0111] For example, the height of a single main truss 31 can be 7m, 7.5m, 8m, 8.5m, 9m, etc. If the height of a single main truss 31 is too high, it will lead to an increase in material costs and reduce the stability of the main truss 31. When subjected to external forces, it is more likely to be deformed or damaged. If the height of a single main truss 31 is too low, it will not be able to effectively disperse and bear the weight of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32.

[0112] The photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 are multiple trusses arranged at intervals along the second direction (for example, referring to the e2 direction in Figure 3 . The span of the trusses is between 35m and 45m. The first direction, the second direction, and the up-down direction intersect pairwise. The number of photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 is between 10 and 15. The length of a single photovoltaic panel support truss 32 is between 65m and 70m, and the height is between 1.8m and 2.5m.

[0113] For example, the span of the photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 arranged at intervals along the second direction can be 35m, 37m, 39m, 41m, 43m, 45m, etc. If the span of the photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 arranged at intervals along the second direction is too small, it will lead to a reduction in the area of the photovoltaic panels 33 they carry. If the span of the photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 arranged at intervals along the second direction is too large, it will lead to a reduction in the support strength of the photovoltaic panel support trusses 32.

[0114] For example, the number of photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 can be 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, etc. If the number of photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 is too large, it will lead to an increase in material costs and an increase in the weight of the photovoltaic support trusses, increasing the pressure on the pipe piles 20. If the number of photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 is too small, it will lead to a reduction in the support strength of the photovoltaic panel support trusses 32.

[0115] For example, the length of a single photovoltaic panel support truss 32 can generally be 65m, 66m, 67m, 68m, 69m, 70m, etc. If the length of a single photovoltaic panel support truss 32 is too long, it will lead to an increase in material costs. If the length of a single main truss 31 is too short, it will not be sufficient to support a sufficient number of photovoltaic panels 33.

[0116] For example, the height of a single photovoltaic panel support truss 32 can be 1.8m, 1.9m, 2.0m, 2.1m, 2.2m, 2.3m, 2.3m, 2.4m, 2.5m, etc. If the height of a single photovoltaic panel support truss 32 is too high, it will lead to an increase in material costs and reduce the stability of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32. When subjected to external forces, it is more likely to be deformed or damaged. If the height of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 is too low, it will not be able to effectively disperse and bear the weight of the photovoltaic panels 33.

[0117] The construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system 100 according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, the offshore photovoltaic system 100 is the offshore photovoltaic system 100 according to the embodiment of the above first aspect, and the construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system 100 includes:

[0118] Driving and fixing the pipe piles 20 in the installation water area;

[0119] Using a transfer ship to transport the photovoltaic platform 30 assembled integrally on the shore to the installation water area. For example, assembling the main truss 31 and the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 separately on the shore, then installing the photovoltaic panel support truss 32 on the upper end of the main truss 31, then installing the photovoltaic panels 33 on the upper end of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32, and finally transporting the assembled photovoltaic platform 30 to the water area to be installed by ship transportation;

[0120] Hoisting the photovoltaic platform 30 as a whole above the pipe piles 20 and installing and fixing the photovoltaic platform 30 on the top of the pipe piles 20.

[0121] According to the construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system 100 of the embodiment of the present invention, by assembling the photovoltaic platform 30 integrally and then transporting it above the pipe piles 20 for fixing, the workload of sea surface operation is reduced, the connection nodes are reduced, the weaknesses of welding or bolt connection of traditional steel structures are avoided, the risk of structural failure is reduced, and the complexity and installation cost of the installation of the offshore photovoltaic system 100 are reduced.

[0122] The following is an example to illustrate the offshore photovoltaic system 100 and its construction method of some embodiments of the present invention.

[0123] It is planned to build a new offshore photovoltaic power station in a certain sea area, and the average offshore distance is about 9.0 km.

[0124] In this embodiment, the single platform of the offshore photovoltaic power station contains a total of 588 photovoltaic panel 33 components of 610 Wp, arranged in 15 (rows) × 59 (columns). The plane size of the single platform is 36 m × 68 m, the orientation of the photovoltaic panel 33 components is southward, and the inclination angle is 15°.

[0125] The offshore photovoltaic platform 30 adopts a support structure of four composite material pipe piles 20 + rigid truss type. Still calculate the stress calculation combination and deformation calculation combination of each sub-item load according to relevant specifications, and establish a finite element mechanical model with programs such as midas Gen and ABAQUS for mechanical calculation and verification.

[0126] The photovoltaic panel 33 support platform adopts an arrangement scheme of 15 groups of photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 in the transverse direction and 2 groups of main trusses 31 in the longitudinal direction. There are 4 composite pipe piles 20 in one structural unit of the photovoltaic array. The row spacing of the pipe piles 20 is 20 m, and the column spacing is 36 m. The main truss 31 is arranged obliquely at 15°. On the inclined plane layer of the main truss 31, photovoltaic panel support trusses 32 with the same installation width arrangement as that of the photovoltaic panel 33 components are longitudinally arranged to bear the weight of the photovoltaic panel 33 components. There are 2 connection points on each long side of the photovoltaic panel 33 component connected to the upper chord of the photovoltaic panel support truss 32. A total of 4 connection points of a photovoltaic panel 33 component are connected and fixed to the second upper chord 321 in the photovoltaic panel support truss 32. The photovoltaic panel 33 component and the second upper chord 321 are connected by bolts.

[0127] All the trusses of the platform components adopt finished pipes with a tubular cross-section by the pultrusion process, and metal connectors are embedded at the fixed nodes. The main truss 31 is 8.5 m high and 37.4 m long. The upper chord is φ300×5, the lower chord is φ400×5, and the rest of the connecting rods are all φ89×4. The photovoltaic panel support truss 32 is 2.0 m high and 67 m long. The upper chord is φ140×4, the lower chord is φ140×4, and the rest of the connecting rods are all φ89×4.

[0128] The pipe pile 20 adopts a composite pipe pile 20 with a diameter ranging from 700 mm to 2200 mm, a wall thickness of 22 - 20 mm, and a pile length of about 33.0 m.

[0129] After driving the pipe piles 20 for fixation in the installation water area, use a transfer ship to transport the photovoltaic platform 30 assembled integrally on the shore to the installation sea area. Hoist the photovoltaic platform 30 as a whole above the pipe piles 20 and install and fix the photovoltaic platform 30 to the top of the pipe piles 20.

[0130] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "schematic embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in a suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0131] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and purposes of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. An offshore photovoltaic system, characterized in that: include: A pipe pile, comprising a pipe pile body and a protective coating, wherein the protective coating is coated on the outer surface of the pipe pile body, and the pipe pile body is made of a first composite material, wherein the first composite material comprises polyurethane, glass fiber and carbon fiber; A photovoltaic platform, which is installed on the top of the pipe piles and includes a main truss, a photovoltaic panel support truss and a photovoltaic panel, wherein the main truss is installed on the top of the pipe piles and is made of a second composite material, wherein the second composite material includes polyurethane, glass fiber and carbon fiber, the photovoltaic panel support truss is installed on the upper side of the main truss and is made of the second composite material, and the photovoltaic panel support is fixed to the photovoltaic panel support truss.

2. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first composite material further includes nano-silicon dioxide and silicon carbide particles; the total mass of the glass fiber and the carbon fiber accounts for 60% to 70% of the mass of the first composite material or the second composite material.

3. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The thickness of the protective coating is 50 μm to 80 μm; the polyurethane is aromatic / aliphatic polyurethane, and the glass fiber is alkali-free glass fiber.

4. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The protective coating includes a first protective coating and a second protective coating, the first protective coating is arranged below the second protective coating and below the sea surface, the second protective coating is above the sea surface, the first protective coating is a silica nanomaterial hydrophobic coating, and the second protective coating is an anti-ultraviolet aliphatic resin coating.

5. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe pile body comprises a pile tip, a pile barrel and a pile head, wherein the pile tip is arranged at the bottom of the pile barrel, the pile head is arranged at the top of the pile barrel, the pile tip is conical, and the pile barrel is a hollow circular tube structure; the diameter of the pile barrel is 1.6m to 2.4m, and the wall thickness of the pile barrel is 16mm to 24mm.

6. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe pile also includes a plurality of anti-bending bamboo rings, which are arranged on the pipe pile body through a pulling and wrapping process and are arranged at intervals in the up and down directions; the distance between two adjacent anti-bending bamboo rings on the same pipe pile is 2m to 4m, the wall thickness of the anti-bending bamboo ring is 20mm to 50mm, and the width of the anti-bending bamboo ring in the up and down directions is 100mm to 150mm.

7. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pipe pile body comprises a pile tip, a pile barrel and a pile head, wherein the pile tip is arranged at the bottom of the pile barrel, the pile head is arranged at the top of the pile barrel, the pile head comprises a connecting cross plate, the main truss comprises a first upper chord, a first lower chord, a first vertical web member and a first diagonal web member, the first upper chord and the first lower chord are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, and the first vertical web member and the first diagonal web member are both connected between the first upper chord and the first lower chord; Wherein, the connecting transverse plate and the first lower chord are tightly connected by a first metal clamp, and an adhesive layer is provided between the connecting transverse plate and the first lower chord.

8. The offshore photovoltaic system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The main truss comprises a first upper chord, a first lower chord, a first vertical web member and a first diagonal web member, the first upper chord and the first lower chord are arranged at intervals in the up-down direction, and the first vertical web member and the first diagonal web member are both connected between the first upper chord and the first lower chord; The photovoltaic panel support truss comprises a second upper chord, a second lower chord, a second vertical web member and a second diagonal web member, the second upper chord and the second lower chord are spaced apart in the up-down direction, and the second vertical web member and the second diagonal web member are both connected between the second upper chord and the second lower chord; Wherein, a second metal hoop is sleeved on the first upper chord rod, a third metal hoop is sleeved on the second lower chord rod, and the third metal hoop is connected to the second metal hoop via a fastener; A fourth metal clamp is sleeved on the second upper chord rod, and a fifth metal clamp is provided at the bottom of the photovoltaic panel. The fifth metal clamp is clamped on the second upper chord rod and connected to the fourth metal clamp via a fastener.

9. The offshore photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The main trusses are two trusses spaced apart in the first direction, with a span of 15m to 25m, a length of a single main truss of 35m to 40m, and a height of 7m to 9m; The photovoltaic panel support trusses are multiple trusses arranged in sequence along the second direction, with a span of 35m to 45m. The first direction, the second direction and the up and down directions intersect each other. The number of photovoltaic panel support trusses is 10 to 15, and the length of a single photovoltaic panel support truss is 65m to 70m and the height is 1.8m to 2.5m.

10. A construction method for an offshore photovoltaic system, characterized in that: The offshore photovoltaic system is an offshore photovoltaic system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and the construction method of the offshore photovoltaic system comprises: Piling and fixing the pipe piles in the installation water area; Using a transfer ship to transport the photovoltaic platform assembled on the shore to the installation waters; The photovoltaic platform is hoisted as a whole above the pipe pile, and the photovoltaic platform is installed and fixed to the top of the pipe pile.

Images