Flat cutting tooth assembly and cutting assembly for coal mining machine

Abstract

The invention provides a flat cutting tooth assembly and a cutting assembly for a coal mining machine, the flat cutting tooth assembly comprises an alloy head, a tooth shoulder and a tooth handle, the tooth handle is columnar, the tooth shoulder is a flat triangle, the tooth shoulder and the tooth handle are connected into a sickle shape, the top of the tooth shoulder comprises a notch, and the alloy head is located in the notch of the tooth shoulder. The alloy head is a polyhedron and comprises an upper end face, a lower bottom face and a plurality of side faces, the side faces are edge angle faces, and the lower bottom face and one side face are attached to the tooth shoulder. The pick shoulder also comprises a plurality of groups of cutting edge angle surfaces, two groups of cutting surfaces are formed after the pick shoulder is matched with the alloy head, the pick shoulder is respectively suitable for soft or hard scenes of coal rocks, meanwhile, under the condition that the pick holder is not replaced, the pick assembly of the pickaxe-shaped pick and the flat pick assembly provided by the invention are exchanged, and the application range of different coal rocks is widened.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of shearers, and particularly to a pick assembly and a cutting assembly of a shearer. Background Art

[0002] A pick is a cutting tool of a helical drum, which is installed on a tooth socket. Some picks are installed on the tooth socket through a tooth sleeve, which not only supports the pick but also facilitates the replacement of worn picks.

[0003] At present, most mines use pick-shaped picks, as Figure 1 shown. The pick-shaped pick includes an alloy head, a tooth shoulder and a tooth shank. The alloy head is the part for cutting coal and rock and is also the part prone to wear. The tooth shoulder is the part that assists in cutting coal and rock and discharging slag. The tooth shank is used to support the alloy head and the tooth shoulder. Due to the complex geological conditions of coal mines, the pick-shaped pick is cheap, but the cutting effect is poor, especially for the strata with relatively soft coal and rock geology; the slag discharging effect of the knife-shaped pick is better, but the price is expensive. If different picks are replaced according to different usage environments, it will affect the working efficiency. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve the structural design form of the pick to meet the needs of different coal and rock strata and improve the coal output efficiency of soft coal seams. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a pick assembly with a simple structure, which can be adapted to the existing tooth socket structure and can adapt to different coal seams.

[0005] The present application provides a flat pick assembly for a shearer, including an alloy head, a tooth shoulder and a tooth shank. The tooth shank is columnar, the tooth shoulder is a flat triangle, the tooth shoulder and the tooth shank are connected into a sickle shape, and the top of the tooth shoulder includes a notch, and the alloy head is located in the notch of the tooth shoulder.

[0006] Further, the alloy head is a polyhedron, including an upper end face, a lower bottom face and a plurality of side faces. The side faces are edge angle faces, and the lower bottom face and one side face are attached to the tooth shoulder.

[0007] Further, the side faces of the alloy head include a first edge angle face and a second edge angle face arranged oppositely. The first edge angle face is attached to the tooth shoulder. On the left and right sides of the second edge angle face are a third edge angle face and a fourth edge angle face respectively. Between the third edge angle face and the tooth shoulder is a fifth edge angle face. Between the fourth edge angle face and the tooth shoulder is a seventh edge angle face.

[0008] Further, the third edge angle face and the fourth edge angle face are symmetrically arranged around the second edge angle face, and the fifth edge angle face and the seventh edge angle face are symmetrically arranged around the tooth shoulder.

[0009] Further, one side of the notch of the tooth shoulder is a sixth edge angle face, and the other side includes a non-planar edge angle face connected in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the non-planar cutting-edge surfaces connected in sequence include an eighth group of cutting-edge surfaces and a ninth group of cutting-edge surfaces, and there is a first included angle between the eighth group of cutting-edge surfaces and the ninth group of cutting-edge surfaces.

[0011] Furthermore, the eighth group of cutting-edge surfaces includes a first folding surface, a second folding surface, and a third folding surface connected in sequence, and there is a second included angle between the first folding surface and the second folding surface, and between the second folding surface and the third folding surface; and / or, the ninth group of cutting-edge surfaces includes a fourth folding surface, a fifth folding surface, and a sixth folding surface connected in sequence, and there is a third included angle between the fifth folding surface and the sixth folding surface, and between the fifth folding surface and the sixth folding surface.

[0012] Furthermore, the first folding surface and the third folding surface are symmetrically arranged around the second folding surface; and / or, the fourth folding surface and the sixth folding surface are symmetrically arranged around the fifth folding surface.

[0013] Furthermore, below the third cutting-edge surface are the first folding surface and the fourth folding surface in sequence, below the second cutting-edge surface are the second folding surface and the fifth folding surface, and below the fourth cutting-edge surface are the third folding surface and the sixth folding surface in sequence.

[0014] Furthermore, the tooth shank is in the shape of a cylinder with two opposite sides being first planes and the other two opposite sides being curved surfaces. Preferably, the first plane extends to the tooth shoulder.

[0015] This application also includes a cutting assembly that applies the above-mentioned flat pick assembly for a shearer, and further includes a tooth sleeve and a tooth socket, and the tooth shank is inserted into the tooth socket through the tooth sleeve.

[0016] Furthermore, threaded holes that match each other are respectively provided on the tooth shank, the tooth sleeve, and the tooth socket for inserting bolts.

[0017] Furthermore, on both sides of one end face of the tooth sleeve, there is a groove respectively, and on the bottom of both sides of the tooth shoulder, there is a step respectively. When the tooth shank is inserted into the tooth sleeve, the step is inserted into the groove.

[0018] In summary, the cutting assembly in this application has a simple structure and is convenient to replace. When the hardness of the coal and rock is relatively high, the pick assembly with pick-shaped picks is used for operation. If the hardness of the coal and rock is relatively low, the pick assembly with pick-shaped picks is replaced with the flat pick assembly of this application, and the replacement of different pick assemblies can be achieved through bolts and threaded holes without replacing the tooth socket, which is convenient and fast, and avoids the extra work brought by replacing the tooth socket; secondly, the flat pick assembly of this application includes two groups of cutting surfaces, which are respectively applicable to scenarios where the hardness of the coal and rock is relatively low or soft, improving the adaptability to different coal and rock and the coal output efficiency of soft coal seams. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0019] Figure 1 Shows a schematic structural diagram of the flat pick assembly for a shearer in this application.

[0020] Figure 2Shows the structural schematic diagram of the alloy head in the flat pick assembly for coal shearers of the present application.

[0021] Figure 3 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the tooth shoulder in the flat pick assembly for coal shearers of the present application.

[0022] Figure 4 Shows the structural schematic diagram of the tooth socket of the cutting assembly of the present application.

[0023] Element number description

[0024] 100 - Flat pick assembly for coal shearers

[0025] 1 - Alloy head

[0026] 11 - Upper end face

[0027] 13 - Edge angle face

[0028] 132 - Second edge angle face

[0029] 133 - Third edge angle face

[0030] 134 - Fourth edge angle face

[0031] 135 - Fifth edge angle face

[0032] 2 - Tooth shoulder

[0033] 21 - Step

[0034] 22 - Sixth edge angle face

[0035] 23 - Eighth group of edge angle faces

[0036] 231 – First folding face

[0037] 232 – Second folding face

[0038] 233 – Third folding face

[0039] 24 - Ninth group of edge angle faces

[0040] 241 – Fourth folding face

[0041] 242 – Fifth folding face

[0042] 243 – Sixth folding face

[0043] 25 - Second plane

[0044] 3 - Tooth shank

[0045] 31 – Threaded hole

[0046] 32 - First plane

[0047] 33 - Curved surface

[0048] 4-tooth sleeve

[0049] 41 – groove

[0050] 42 – through hole

[0051] 43 – threaded hole

[0052] 5-tooth seat

[0053] 51 – threaded hole Detailed implementation mode

[0054] The following specific embodiments illustrate the implementation modes of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can easily understand other advantages and effects of the present invention from the content disclosed in this specification.

[0055] Please refer to Figures 1 to 4 . It should be noted that the structures, ratios, sizes, etc. shown in the drawings of this specification are only used to cooperate with the content disclosed in the specification for those skilled in the art to understand and read, and are not used to limit the limiting conditions under which the present invention can be implemented. Therefore, they do not have any technical essence. Any modification of the structure, change of the proportional relationship, or adjustment of the size, without affecting the effects that the present invention can produce and the purposes that can be achieved, should still fall within the scope that can be covered by the technical content disclosed in the present invention. At the same time, the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "middle", and "one" cited in this specification are only for the convenience of clear narration and are not used to limit the scope under which the present invention can be implemented. The change or adjustment of their relative relationships, without substantial change in the technical content, should also be regarded as the scope within which the present invention can be implemented.

[0056] The flat pick assembly 100 for a shearer includes an alloy head 1, a tooth shoulder 2, and a tooth shank 3. The tooth shank 3 is columnar, the tooth shoulder 2 is in the shape of a flat triangle, the tooth shoulder 2 and the tooth shank 3 are connected into a sickle shape, the top of the tooth shoulder 2 includes a notch, and the alloy head 1 is located in the notch of the tooth shoulder 2. The alloy head 1 is easily worn, and its material is diamond wear-resistant composite material or other wear-resistant materials, and is brazed to the tooth shoulder 2 under high temperature conditions by adding solder and flux. The tooth shoulder 2 and the tooth shank 3 are of an integral structure.

[0057] The alloy head 1 is an octahedron, including an upper end face 11, a lower bottom face (not shown in the drawings), and six edge angle faces 13. The lower bottom face 12 is in contact with the tooth shoulder 2. The six edge angle faces include a first edge angle face and a second edge angle face 132 which are oppositely arranged. The first edge angle face (not shown in the drawings) is connected to the fifth edge angle face 22 of the tooth shoulder 2. On the left and right sides of the second edge angle face 132 are respectively a third edge angle face 133 and a fourth edge angle face 134. Between the third edge angle face 133 and the sixth edge angle face 22 is a fifth edge angle face 135. Between the fourth edge angle face 134 and the sixth edge angle face 22 is a seventh edge angle face (not shown in the drawings). By setting the dimensions of the upper and lower base edges of the six edge angle faces 13, the overall shape of the alloy head 1 is narrow at the top and wide at the bottom, which is beneficial to improving the rock-breaking efficiency.

[0058] In a preferred embodiment, the third edge angle face 133 and the fourth edge angle face 134 are symmetrically arranged around the second edge angle face 132, and the two fifth edge angle faces 135 are symmetrically arranged around the sixth edge angle face 22.

[0059] On each side of the bottom of the tooth shoulder 2, there is a step 21. Along the step 21 towards the alloy head 1, on one side of the tooth shoulder 2 is the sixth edge angle face 22, and on the other side includes non-planar edge angle faces connected in sequence, namely an eighth group of edge angle faces 23 and a ninth group of edge angle faces 24. There is a first included angle between the seventh group of edge angle faces 23 and the eighth group of edge angle faces 24. The eighth group of edge angle faces 23 includes a first folded face 231, a second folded face 232, and a third folded face 233 connected in sequence. There are second included angles between the first folded face 231 and the second folded face 232, and between the second folded face 232 and the third folded face 233. The ninth group of edge angle faces 24 includes a fourth folded face 241, a fifth folded face 242, and a sixth folded face 243 connected in sequence. There are third included angles between the fourth folded face 241 and the fifth folded face 242, and between the fifth folded face 242 and the sixth folded face 243.

[0060] After the alloy head 1 is inserted into the notch of the shoulder 2, below the third edge angle face 133, the first folded face 231 and the fourth folded face 241 are connected in sequence. Below the second edge angle face 132, the second folded face 232 and the fifth folded face 242 are connected in sequence. Below the fourth edge angle face 134, the third folded face 233 and the sixth folded face 243 are connected in sequence.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment, the first folded face 231 and the third folded face 233 are symmetrically arranged around the second folded face 232, and the fourth folded face 241 and the sixth folded face 243 are symmetrically arranged around the fifth folded face 242.

[0062] In another embodiment, the alloy head 1 is a polyhedron, and the number of side faces can be set as required. For example, 8 side faces are edge angle faces, further increasing the area of the cutting surface and improving the cutting efficiency. Correspondingly, the edge angle faces of the tooth shoulder 2 will also increase.

[0063] Along the direction of the step 21 towards the alloy head 1, there are included angles at the joints between the third edge angle surface 133 and the first folding surface 231, and between the fourth edge angle surface 134 and the fourth folding surface 241. The sixth edge angle surface 22 is a convex arc surface. After the sixth edge angle surface 22 is fitted with the alloy head 1, or after the eighth group of edge angle surfaces 23 and the ninth group of edge angle surfaces 24 are fitted with the alloy head 1, a relatively large cutting surface can be formed, improving the cutting efficiency. When the coal and rock hardness is relatively soft, the third edge angle surface 133, the eighth group of edge angle surfaces 23 and the ninth group of edge angle surfaces 24 of the alloy head 1 serve as the coal and rock cutting surfaces. Due to the relatively steep cutting surface, the cut coal and rock collapses, and the lump coal rate is higher; when the coal and rock hardness is relatively high, the sixth edge angle surface 22, the fifth edge angle surface 135 and the seventh edge angle surface serve as the coal and rock cutting surfaces. At this time, the cutting surface is similar to a blade, and the edge angles are consistent, linearly cutting and crushing the coal wall, with stronger rock-breaking ability and not prone to chipping.

[0064] Preferably, the flat pick assembly 100 for a shearer is applicable to the scenario where the coal and rock hardness is 40 - 80 MPA. Preferably, when the coal and rock hardness is 40 - 60 MPA, the third edge angle surface 133, the eighth group of edge angle surfaces 23 and the ninth group of edge angle surfaces 24 of the alloy head 1 serve as the coal and rock cutting surfaces for cutting operations; when the coal and rock hardness is 60 - 80 MPA, the sixth edge angle surface 22, the fifth edge angle surface 135 and the seventh edge angle surface serve as the coal and rock cutting surfaces.

[0065] The tooth shank 3 is in the shape of a cylinder with two opposite sides being the first plane 32 and the other two opposite sides being curved surfaces 33. Along the direction of the tooth shank 3 towards the alloy head 1, the first plane 32 extends to the tooth shoulder 2 to form the second plane 25. The second plane 25 is triangular in shape. One end of the second plane 25 is connected to the sixth edge angle surface 22, and the other end is connected to the eighth group of edge angle surfaces 23 and the ninth group of edge angle surfaces 24.

[0066] This application also includes a cutting assembly, including the above-mentioned flat pick assembly 100 and a tooth sleeve 4. The tooth sleeve 4 is of a hollow shape. On both sides of one end face of the tooth sleeve 4, there are respectively provided a groove 41. When the tooth shank 3 of the flat pick assembly 100 is inserted into the through hole 42 of the tooth sleeve 4, the step 21 is inserted into the groove 41 to form a limit, so that the third edge angle surface 133, the eighth group of edge angle surfaces 23 and the ninth group of edge angle surfaces 24 can vertically break the coal wall around the central axis of the drum rotation. After the tooth shank 3 and the tooth sleeve 4 are inserted into the tooth socket 5, a cutting assembly 200 is formed.

[0067] In order to achieve stable connection, threaded holes 31 / 43 / 51 are respectively provided on the tooth shank 3, the tooth sleeve 4 and the tooth socket 5, and the three threaded holes match each other. After inserting bolts, the relative fixation between the tooth shank 3, the tooth sleeve 4 and the tooth socket 5 is ensured, preventing the tooth shank 3 from rotating, ensuring that the cutting surface can vertically break the coal wall around the central axis of the drum rotation, and playing a role of fixed support.

[0068] The flat pick assembly 100 for a coal shearer in this application is designed with two cutting surfaces, which are respectively applicable to scenarios with relatively soft or hard coal and rock hardness, improving the adaptability to different coal and rock and increasing the coal output efficiency in soft coal seams; when the coal and rock hardness is relatively high, the pick assembly with pick-shaped picks is used for operation. If the coal and rock hardness is relatively low, the pick assembly with pick-shaped picks is replaced with the flat pick assembly of this application, and the replacement of the pick assembly can be achieved through bolts and threaded holes without replacing the tooth seat, which is convenient and fast, and avoids the extra work brought by replacing the tooth seat.

[0069] The above embodiments are only illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any person familiar with this technology can modify or change the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or changes made by those with ordinary knowledge in the technical field without departing from the spirit and technical idea disclosed by the present invention should still be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine, characterized in that: It includes an alloy head, a tooth shoulder and a tooth shank, wherein the tooth shank is columnar, the tooth shoulder is a flat triangle, the tooth shoulder and the tooth shank are connected to form a sickle shape, the top of the tooth shoulder includes a notch, and the alloy head is located in the notch of the tooth shoulder.

2. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The alloy head is a polyhedron, including an upper end face, a lower bottom face and a plurality of side faces, wherein the side faces are edge angle faces, and the lower bottom face and one of the side faces are in contact with the tooth shoulder.

3. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side surface of the alloy head includes a first cutting edge surface and a second cutting edge surface that are opposite to each other. The first cutting edge surface is in contact with the tooth shoulder. The left and right sides of the second cutting edge surface are respectively a third cutting edge surface and a fourth cutting edge surface. The fifth cutting edge surface is between the third cutting edge surface and the tooth shoulder. The seventh cutting edge surface is between the fourth cutting edge surface and the tooth shoulder.

4. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The third cutting edge surface and the fourth cutting edge surface are symmetrically arranged around the second cutting edge surface, and the fifth cutting edge surface and the seventh cutting edge surface are symmetrically arranged around the tooth shoulder.

5. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: One side of the notch of the tooth shoulder is a sixth cutting edge surface, and the other side includes non-planar cutting edges connected in sequence.

6. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The non-planar cutting edges connected in sequence include an eighth group of cutting edges and a ninth group of cutting edges. A first angle is formed between the eighth group of cutting edges and the ninth group of cutting edges.

7. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The eighth group of blade angle surfaces includes a first folding surface, a second folding surface and a third folding surface connected in sequence, and a second angle is formed between the first folding surface and the second folding surface, and between the second folding surface and the third folding surface; and / or, the ninth group of blade angle surfaces includes a fourth folding surface, a fifth folding surface and a sixth folding surface connected in sequence, and a third angle is formed between the fifth folding surface and the sixth folding surface, and between the fifth folding surface and the sixth folding surface.

8. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first folding surface and the third folding surface are symmetrically arranged around the second folding surface; and / or the fourth folding surface and the sixth folding surface are symmetrically arranged around the fifth folding surface.

9. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: Below the third cutting edge surface are the first folding surface and the fourth folding surface in sequence, below the second cutting edge surface are the second folding surface and the fifth folding surface in sequence, and below the fourth cutting edge surface are the third folding surface and the sixth folding surface in sequence.

10. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The tooth handle is in the shape of a cylinder with two opposite sides being first planes and the other two opposite sides being curved surfaces.

11. The flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine according to claim 10, characterized in that: The first plane extends to the tooth shoulder.

12. A cutting assembly, applied to the flat pick assembly for a coal mining machine as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: It also includes a gear sleeve and a gear seat, and the gear shank is inserted into the gear seat through the gear sleeve.

13. The cutting assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that The tooth shank, the tooth sleeve and the tooth seat are respectively provided with threaded holes matching each other for inserting bolts.

14. The cutting assembly according to claim 12, characterized in that A groove is respectively provided on both sides of one end surface of the gear sleeve, and a step is respectively provided on the bottom of both sides of the tooth shoulder. When the tooth shank is inserted into the gear sleeve, the step is inserted into the groove.

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