Center power shaft washing construction equipment and method

Abstract

The invention discloses construction equipment and method for washing a vertical shaft through center power, a rigid conical part is constructed at the lower end of a cylindrical hammer body, and a washing hammer is vertically lifted and placed through cooperation of a traction mechanism and gravity so that a foundation hole can be formed in a soil body. Meanwhile, a sliding block capable of axially sliding along the hammer body under the driving of a driving mechanism is mounted in the accommodating space of the hammer body; a plurality of containing grooves are formed in the circumferential wall of the hammer body in the circumferential direction, and the upper end of a swing arm with the lower end provided with a washing knife is hinged to the upper end of each containing groove. A supporting arm is hinged between the lower portion of the swing wall and the sliding block so that the driving mechanism can drive the sliding block to drive the swing arm to move, the swing arm can swing inwards and outwards relative to the containing groove around the hinge center of the swing arm, and the scouring hammer can be driven to swing inwards and outwards under cooperation of the traction mechanism, the angle adjusting mechanism and the driving mechanism. And the flushing cutter is driven to gradually swing outwards and move up and down to flush and excavate the hole wall, so that the foundation hole is expanded and excavated to the preset diameter, and the excavation efficiency, the well completion quality and the construction safety can be greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of shaft construction, and particularly to a central power scouring shaft construction equipment and method. Background Art

[0002] Shaft excavation is a common engineering construction method for excavating a vertical shaft underground, and is usually used in the fields of construction, mining, underground engineering, etc., for subsequent underground space development work such as drilling excavation and pile foundation hole forming.

[0003] However, there are some problems with traditional shaft excavation, including high difficulty, low efficiency, and low hole forming quality. The reasons are as follows. First, traditional shaft excavation usually requires a large amount of manpower and material resources, and the work is difficult. Moreover, due to the large depth of the shaft, construction workers need to carry out long-term downhole operations, which poses a certain safety risk. In addition, traditional excavation methods usually use manual or simple mechanical equipment, resulting in low efficiency and long time consumption. Second, it is often difficult to ensure the hole forming quality in shaft excavation. During the shaft excavation process, hard shaft wall rocks may hinder the excavation and use of the shaft, and it is difficult to be removed by tunneling machine equipment. Therefore, the traditional method cannot ensure the verticality and diameter consistency of the shaft, resulting in low hole forming quality. In addition, the change of the depth and diameter of the shaft will also cause difficulties in the cleaning work, because this will affect the use and operation of the cleaning tools. These problems mentioned above not only affect the construction quality of subsequent projects, but may also have an adverse impact on the use effect of the shaft. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main object of the present invention is to propose a central power scouring shaft construction equipment and method, aiming to reduce the construction difficulty and cost of the shaft, and improve the construction efficiency, well completion quality and construction safety.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention proposes a central power scouring shaft construction equipment, including:

[0006] A scouring hammer, the scouring hammer includes a cylindrical hammer body, a rigid conical part is constructed at the lower end of the hammer body, the interior of the hammer body is hollow to form a receiving space, and a plurality of axial receiving grooves communicating with the receiving space are formed circumferentially on the peripheral wall of the hammer body;

[0007] A sliding block, the sliding block is axially slidably disposed in the receiving space and can move axially along the hammer body in the receiving space;

[0008] A driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is installed on the hammer body and is used to drive the sliding block to make the movement;

[0009] A swing arm, the upper end of the swing arm is hinged at the upper end of the receiving groove;

[0010] A support arm, with both ends of the support arm hinged to the lower part of the swing arm and the sliding block respectively. When the sliding block moves axially, it can drive the support arm to drive the swing arm to move, so that the swing arm swings in and out relative to the receiving groove around its hinge center;

[0011] A traction mechanism, which is connected to the hammer body and is used to cooperate with gravity to drive the scouring hammer to move up and down;

[0012] A scouring knife, which is installed at the lower end of the swing arm and moves with the swing arm; and

[0013] An angle adjustment mechanism, which is used to drive the scouring hammer to rotate around its own axis to adjust the horizontal angle of the scouring hammer.

[0014] The present invention also provides a central power scouring shaft construction method, including the following steps:

[0015] S1. Install the shaft construction equipment according to the construction site conditions;

[0016] S2. After lifting the scouring hammer 1 to a predetermined height, cancel the pulling force on the scouring hammer, so that the scouring hammer freely falls under the action of gravity to extrude the soil body, and repeat this operation until a foundation hole with a predetermined depth is extruded in the soil body;

[0017] S3. Adopt a method of layer-by-layer excavation from top to bottom. Under the cooperation of the traction mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism and the driving mechanism, drive the scouring knife to gradually swing outwards and move up and down to scour and excavate the hole wall, so as to gradually expand the first layer of the foundation hole to a predetermined diameter;

[0018] S4. Construct a support shaft wall in the hole wall of the first layer to reinforce the first layer;

[0019] S5. Repeat the operations in steps S3 and S4 until a support shaft wall is constructed in the hole wall of the predetermined number of layers to complete the construction of the shaft.

[0020] The technical solution of the present invention constructs a rigid conical part at the lower end of the cylindrical hammer body, and vertically pulls the scouring hammer through a traction mechanism. After the scouring hammer 1 is lifted to a predetermined height above the ground by the traction mechanism, the pulling force of the traction mechanism on the scouring hammer is withdrawn, so that the scouring hammer freely falls under the action of gravity and impacts and compresses the soil. At this time, if there are rocks in the soil, the rocks will be broken or gradually broken under the impact of the rigid conical part so that the scouring hammer can gradually move downward to compress the soil, so as to squeeze into the soil to a certain depth, and repeat this operation until the scouring hammer penetrates into the soil to a predetermined depth and forms a foundation hole. In this way, the obstacle of hard rocks in the soil to the shaft excavation can be greatly eliminated. At the same time, the present invention forms an accommodation space inside the hammer body and slidably installs a sliding block that can slide axially along the hammer body under the drive of a drive mechanism; a plurality of storage grooves communicating with the accommodation space are circumferentially arranged on the peripheral wall of the hammer body, and the upper end of the swing arm with a scouring knife at the lower end is hinged to the upper end position of the storage groove; a support arm is hinged between the lower part of the swing wall and the sliding block, so that when the drive mechanism drives the sliding block to move axially, the support arm can be driven to drive the swing arm to move, so that the swing arm swings in and out relative to the storage groove around its hinge center. In addition, the present invention also provides an angle adjustment mechanism for driving the scouring hammer to rotate around its own axis to adjust the horizontal angle of the scouring hammer. After the construction of the foundation hole is completed, the method of layer-by-layer excavation from top to bottom is adopted. Under the cooperation of the traction mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism and the drive mechanism, the scouring knife is driven to gradually swing out and move up and down to scour and excavate the hole wall, so as to gradually expand the first layer of the foundation hole to a predetermined diameter, and then a support shaft wall is constructed in the hole wall of the first layer to reinforce the first layer, and repeat this operation until a support shaft wall is constructed in the hole wall of the predetermined number of layers to complete the construction of the shaft. Obviously, adopting the method of rigid scouring and excavation by the central power scouring shaft construction equipment of the present invention can effectively eliminate the obstacle of hard shaft wall rocks to the shaft excavation, and the excavation process is basically automatically completed by the mechanical structure, and basically no construction personnel need to work in the shaft, which can greatly improve the excavation efficiency, shaft forming quality and construction safety. And reduce the corresponding construction difficulty and construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the swing arm swinging out of the storage groove of the scouring hammer in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of the swing arm swinging out of the storage groove of the scouring hammer in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the scouring hammer swinging back into the storage groove of the scouring hammer in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the cooperation state of the inner ring, outer ring and airbag with the hammer body in some embodiments of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 A cross-sectional view of the mating state of the inner ring, outer ring and airbag with the hammer body in some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 A cross-sectional view of the airbag in some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 A cross-sectional view of the part of the hammer body above the receiving groove in some other embodiments of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the present invention when scouring to form a basic hole;

[0029] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the present invention when the basic hole is excavated to form the first layer of hole wall;

[0030] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of the present invention when the basic hole is excavated to form the second layer of hole wall;

[0031] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of the present invention after the shaft construction is completed. Detailed implementation manners

[0032] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0033] It should be noted that if there are directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, top, bottom, inside, outside, vertical, horizontal, longitudinal, counterclockwise, clockwise, circumferential, radial, axial...) involved in the embodiments of the present invention, then the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship and movement conditions between components in a certain specific posture (as shown in the drawings). If this specific posture changes, then the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0034] In addition, if there is a description involving "first" or "second" in the embodiments of the present invention, such descriptions of "first" or "second" are for descriptive purposes only, and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features. Thus, features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, the technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that those of ordinary skill in the art can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0035] The present invention provides a central power scouring shaft construction equipment.

[0036] In an embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 11 shown, the central power scouring shaft construction equipment includes a scouring hammer 1, a sliding block 2, a driving mechanism 3, a swing arm 4, a support arm 5, a traction mechanism 6, a scouring knife 7, and an angle adjustment mechanism 8.

[0037] Among them, the scouring hammer 1 includes a cylindrical hammer body 10, a rigid conical portion 11 is constructed at the lower end of the hammer body 10, the inside of the hammer body 10 is hollow to form a receiving space 101, and the cross-section of the receiving space 101 can be in the shape of a circle, triangle, square, octagon, etc., which can be specifically set according to requirements, preferably a circle. A plurality of axial receiving grooves 102 communicating with the receiving space 101 are formed in the circumferential wall of the hammer body 10, and the number of the receiving grooves 102 is 2-10, which can be specifically set according to needs. As Figure 1The case of six is shown. The sliding block 2 is axially slidably disposed in the accommodation space 101 and can move axially along the hammer body 10 in the accommodation space 101. Correspondingly, the cross-section of the sliding block 2 is the same as that of the accommodation space 101, that is, it is a suitable shape such as a circular, triangular, square, or octagonal shape, preferably circular. The driving mechanism 3 is installed on the hammer body 10 and is used to drive the sliding block 2 to make the above-mentioned movement. Specifically, the driving mechanism 3 can be installed outside or inside the hammer body 10. The upper end of the swing arm 4 is hinged at the upper end of the receiving groove 102 and can swing in and out relative to the receiving groove 102 around its hinge center. Both ends of the support arm 5 are respectively hinged to the lower part of the swing arm 4 and the sliding block 2. When the sliding block 2 moves axially along the hammer body 10 in the accommodation space 101, the sliding block 2 can drive the support arm 5 to drive the swing arm 4 to move, so that the swing arm 4 swings in and out relative to the receiving groove 102 around its hinge center. The amplitude of the outward swing of the swing arm 4 is related to the length of the support arm 5 and the sliding amplitude of the sliding block 2. The traction mechanism 6 is connected to the hammer body 10 and is used to cooperate with gravity to drive the scouring hammer 1 to move up and down. The scouring knife 7 is installed at the lower end of the swing arm 4 and moves with the swing arm 4. The scouring knife 7 is a prior art, and the specific structure of the scouring knife 7 will not be described in detail here. The angle adjustment mechanism 8 is used to drive the scouring hammer 1 to rotate around its own axis to adjust the horizontal angle of the scouring hammer 1, so that when the present invention performs layered reaming of the foundation hole 100, the scouring knife 7 can correspond to different circumferential positions of the hole wall.

[0038] After the present invention lifts the scouring hammer 1 to a predetermined height above the ground through the traction mechanism 6, the pulling force of the traction mechanism 6 on the scouring hammer 1 is withdrawn, so that the scouring hammer 1 freely falls under the action of gravity and impacts and compresses the soil mass. At this time, if there are rocks in the soil mass, the rocks will be broken or gradually broken under the impact of the rigid conical portion 11 so that the scouring hammer 1 can gradually move downward to compress the soil mass, so as to penetrate into the soil mass to a certain depth, and repeat the operation like this until the scouring hammer 1 penetrates into the soil mass to a predetermined depth and forms a foundation hole 100. In this way, the obstruction of hard rocks in the soil mass to the shaft excavation can be greatly eliminated. After the construction of the foundation hole 100 is completed, the method of expanding and excavating layer by layer from top to bottom is adopted. Under the cooperation of the traction mechanism 6, the angle adjustment mechanism 8 and the driving mechanism 3, the scouring knife 7 is driven to gradually swing outwards and move up and down to scour and excavate the hole wall, so as to gradually expand the first layer of the foundation hole 100 to a predetermined diameter. Then, a supporting shaft wall 300 is constructed in the hole wall of the first layer (it can be understood that there are various implementation manners for the removal of the muck formed by the scouring knife scouring and excavating the hole wall and the construction of the supporting shaft wall in the prior art and are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be elaborated here), so as to reinforce the first layer, and repeat the operation like this until the supporting shaft wall is constructed in the hole wall of the predetermined number of layers to complete the construction of the shaft. Obviously, the method of rigid scouring and excavation by moving up and down using the central power scouring shaft construction equipment of the present invention can effectively eliminate the obstruction of hard shaft wall rocks to the shaft excavation, and the excavation process is basically automatically completed by the mechanical structure, and basically no construction personnel need to work down the shaft, which can greatly improve the shaft excavation efficiency, shaft forming quality and construction safety, and reduce the corresponding construction difficulty and construction cost.

[0039] It should be noted that there are various implementation manners of the traction mechanism 6 in the prior art. In some embodiments, as Figure 8 shown, the traction mechanism 6 includes components such as a gantry 61, a winch 63 and a cable 62. The cable 62 can generally be made of a steel cable or other materials with higher strength (such as a nylon cable), etc. Preferably, it is a steel cable. One end of the cable 62 is connected to the top end of the hammer body 10, and the other end is connected to the winch 63. During operation, the winch 63 winds the cable 62 to lift the scouring hammer 1. After lifting to a predetermined height, the winch 63 withdraws the winding force, so that the scouring hammer 1 freely falls under the action of gravity, impacts and compresses the soil mass to form a certain depth; then, the winch 63 winds the cable 62 again to lift the scouring hammer 1, so that the scouring hammer 1 makes a second free fall to compress the soil mass to increase the depth, and repeat the operation like this until the scouring hammer 1 forms a foundation hole 100 with a predetermined depth in the soil mass.

[0040] In some embodiments of the present invention, the conical portion 11 and the hammer body 10 may be an integrally formed structure, or may be a split structure that is separately manufactured and then connected together by a detachable connection structure such as a bolt. When adopting the split manufacturing structure, the hammer body 10 and the conical portion 11 may be made of the same or different materials. Exemplarily, in order to balance the scouring strength, weight and manufacturing cost of the scouring hammer 1, the conical portion 11 may be made of high-strength metal, such as cast iron or stainless steel, etc., and the hammer body 10 may be made of aluminum alloy, high-strength engineering plastic, polymer material or composite material, etc. In a preferred embodiment, the accommodation space 101 penetrates the bottom wall of the hammer body 10. When the accommodation space 101 is affected by the entry of muck and affects the normal sliding of the sliding block 2, the conical portion 11 can be removed from the hammer body 10, and the muck can be discharged from the open bottom of the hammer body 10.

[0041] In some embodiments of the present invention, the scouring knife 7 includes a knife body fixedly provided at the lower end of the swing arm 4 and a high-hardness wear-resistant layer covering the lower part of the knife body. The high-hardness wear-resistant layer is preferably made of ceramics, titanium alloy, iridium alloy or chromium alloy, etc., to improve the wear resistance and cutting ability of the scouring knife 7. In this embodiment, the high-hardness wear-resistant layer is detachably fixedly installed at the lower part of the knife body, and can be specifically connected by a detachable connection structure such as a bolt or a buckle. When the high-hardness wear-resistant layer is damaged after long-term operation, it can be replaced without replacing the entire scouring knife, thereby saving costs.

[0042] In some embodiments of the present invention, the driving mechanism 3 may be an actuator such as a cylinder, an oil cylinder, a linear motor, etc. that can drive the sliding block 2 to perform a linear reciprocating motion. In a preferred embodiment, the driving mechanism 3 is preferably an oil cylinder. As Figure 2 shown, the oil cylinder is fixedly provided inside the hammer body 10, and the piston rod of the oil cylinder is fixedly connected to the sliding block 2. When the piston rod expands and contracts, it can drive the sliding block 2 to slide.

[0043] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figure 1 、 2 shown, a lifting ring 12 is integrally formed or fixedly provided at the top of the hammer body 10, and the cable 62 is connected to the lifting ring 12. Specifically, a receiving cavity 103 is formed at the top of the hammer body 10, the oil cylinder is fixedly provided in the receiving cavity, and the lifting ring 12 closes the opening of the receiving cavity.

[0044] Furthermore, a sealing member (not shown) is provided in the receiving groove 102. When the swing arm 4 and the scouring knife 7 are swung back into the receiving groove 102, the swing arm 4 and the scouring knife 7 are in sealing contact with the sealing member, which will prevent impurities such as muck and water from entering the accommodation space 101.

[0045] Furthermore, as Figures 8 to 10As shown in the figure, the present invention further includes a lifting frame 64 that can be vertically movably installed on the gantry 61 and a lifting drive mechanism (not shown) for driving the lifting frame 64 to move up and down along the gantry 61. The angle adjustment mechanism 8 is installed on the lifting frame 64. During reaming, the lifting frame 64 moves to a corresponding height position so that the angle adjustment mechanism 8 can adjust the horizontal angle of the scouring hammer 1.

[0046] Specifically, the lifting frame 64 can be vertically movably installed on the lifting frame 64 through the cooperation of a guide rail and a slider or the cooperation of a guide sleeve and a guide post (not shown). The lifting drive mechanism (not shown) can be a cylinder, an oil cylinder, a linear motor, or a rotary motor, etc. When it is a cylinder, an oil cylinder, or a linear motor, the telescopic end of the cylinder, the oil cylinder, or the linear motor is directly or through an intermediate connecting member connected to the lifting frame 64. When the telescopic end makes a telescopic movement, it can drive the lifting frame 64 to move up and down along the gantry 61. When it is a rotary motor, the rotary motor drives the lifting frame 64 to move up and down along the gantry 61 through a transmission mechanism such as a lead screw transmission mechanism, a belt transmission mechanism, or a sprocket transmission mechanism. Since the lead screw transmission mechanism, the belt transmission mechanism, or the sprocket transmission mechanism, etc. are all prior arts, the specific structures, installation methods, and working principles of the lead screw transmission mechanism, the belt transmission mechanism, or the sprocket transmission mechanism, etc. will not be elaborated here.

[0047] Specifically, as Figures 4 to 7 shown, the angle adjustment mechanism 8 includes an outer ring 81 fixedly provided on the lifting frame 64, a circular inner ring 82 rotatably installed inside the inner circumference of the outer ring 81, and a rotary drive mechanism (not shown) for driving the inner ring 82 to rotate. The inner ring 82 has a clearance fit with the hammer body 10, and the inner diameter of the inner ring 82 is 0.2 - 2 cm larger than the outer diameter of the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove. The inner ring 82 defines an avoidance cavity 820 with an open inner ring surface. An airbag 83 is fixedly provided in the avoidance cavity 820. The airbag 83 is communicated with an external air source (not shown). The air source can be a pneumatic pump, etc., to adjust the air pressure in the airbag 83 through the air source, so that the annular wall 831 of the airbag 83 facing the avoidance cavity 820 can move between a position where it is in close contact (which can be direct or through an intermediate member) or in contact (which can be direct or through an intermediate member) with the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102 and a position where it retracts into the avoidance cavity 820. When forming the basic hole 100, the lifting frame 64 moves the angle adjustment mechanism 8 to the upper position and makes the annular wall 831 retract into the avoidance cavity 820. At this time, the scouring hammer 1 lifted to a predetermined height passes through the inner ring 82 (see Figure 8 ), this setting can prevent the inner ring 82 from hindering the free fall of the scouring hammer 1.

[0048] When reaming the first layer of the basic hole 100, the lifting frame 64 moves the angle adjusting mechanism 8 down to the required position and movably sleeved on the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102. The swing arm 4 first drives the flushing cutter 7 to swing outwards by a small first angle, and under the drive of the traction mechanism 6, moves up and down to flush and excavate the hole wall, so as to expand and excavate the hole wall at a horizontal angle position. At this time, the air source drives the wall of the airbag 83 to contact the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102, providing a certain anti-rotation force for the hammer body 10 (it should be noted that this anti-rotation force will not generate obvious resistance to the up and down movement of the flushing hammer 1), so as to prevent the hammer body 10 from rotating abnormally horizontally due to uneven hardness of the hole wall soil when the flushing cutter 7 moves up and down; when the hole wall expansion and excavation at a horizontal angle is completed, the air source drives the wall of the airbag 83 to closely abut against the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102; then, the rotation driving mechanism (not shown) of the angle adjusting mechanism 8 drives the inner ring 82 and the airbag 83 to rotate horizontally by a predetermined angle (it should be noted that this predetermined angle generally should not be greater than the angle corresponding to the circumferential dimension of the flushing cutter 7); immediately afterwards, the air source drives the wall of the airbag 83 to contact the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102 (that is, reduces the pressure of the airbag 83), for expanding and excavating the hole wall at another horizontal angle, and repeating the operation in this way until the hole wall expansion and excavation work at the first angle for the whole week is completed. Then, drive the swing arm 4 to drive the flushing cutter 7 to continue to swing outwards slightly to the second angle position, and operate in the above manner until the hole wall expansion and excavation work at the second angle for the whole week is completed. And so on, until the excavation of the hole wall of the first layer is directly completed (see Figure 9 ) and the support shaft wall is constructed in the hole wall of the first layer. Further, after the support shaft wall of the first layer is constructed, drive the flushing hammer 1 and the angle adjusting mechanism 8 to descend as a whole by a predetermined height, so as to expand and excavate the hole wall of the second layer in the above operation mode (see Figure 10 ) and the construction of the support shaft wall, and so on, until the construction of the vertical shaft is completed (see Figure 11 ).

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, as Figures 4 - 7 shown, the upper part of the inner ring 82 has an upwardly extending annular connecting portion 821, and the outer wall of the connecting portion 821 is provided with sprocket teeth, gear teeth or belt grooves 822. The rotating shaft of the rotation driving mechanism (not shown) is directly or indirectly connected with a driving sprocket (not shown), a driving gear (not shown) or a driving pulley (not shown). The driving sprocket or the driving pulley is in transmission connection with the sprocket teeth or belt grooves of the connecting portion 821 through a chain or a belt, and the driving gear meshes with the gear teeth of the connecting portion 821. When the rotating shaft of the rotation driving mechanism 3 rotates, it can drive the inner ring 82 to rotate relative to the outer ring 81.

[0050] Further, as Figures 5 - 7As shown in the figure, a plurality of embedding grooves 104 are formed circumferentially on the part of the hammer body 10 above the storage groove 102. A plurality of embedding strips 832 corresponding to the embedding grooves 104 one by one are fixedly arranged circumferentially on the wall of the airbag 83. The embedding strips 832 can move between positions where they are in close contact with (or partially extend into) the embedding grooves 104, are separated and retracted into the avoidance cavity 820 under the drive of the airbag 83. When the embedding strip 832 is in contact with (or partially extends into) the embedding groove 104, the embedding strip 832 can prevent the hammer body 10 from rotating horizontally abnormally, but will not significantly hinder the up-and-down movement of the hammer body 10; when the embedding strip 832 is in close contact with the embedding groove 104, the rotating inner ring 82 and the airbag 83 can drive the hammer body 10 to rotate horizontally, so as to adjust the horizontal angle of the hammer body 10.

[0051] After introducing the implementation manners of the central power scouring shaft construction equipment of the present invention, the implementation manners of the construction method using the central power scouring shaft construction equipment of the present invention will be introduced next. The specific structure of a kind of central power scouring shaft construction equipment is shown in the above embodiment, and the repeated parts will not be elaborated.

[0052] In the embodiment of the present invention, as Figures 1 to 11 shown, this central power scouring shaft construction method includes the following steps:

[0053] S1. Install the shaft construction equipment according to the construction site conditions.

[0054] It should be noted that the specific structure of the shaft construction equipment can be referred to the above embodiment, and will not be elaborated here.

[0055] S2. After lifting the scouring hammer 1 to a predetermined height, cancel the pulling force on the scouring hammer 1, so that the scouring hammer 1 freely falls under the action of gravity to extrude the soil body, and repeat this operation until the scouring hammer 1 extrudes a foundation hole 100 with a predetermined depth in the soil body.

[0056] Specifically, as Figures 8 - 10 shown, the traction mechanism 6 used in the present invention to lift the scouring hammer 1 includes components such as a gantry 61, a winch 63 and a cable 62, etc. The cable 62 can generally be made of a steel cable or other materials with higher strength (such as a nylon cable), etc. Preferably, it is a steel cable. One end of the cable 62 is connected to the top end of the hammer body 10, and the other end is connected to the winch 63. The above step S2 includes winding the cable 62 by the winch 63 to lift the scouring hammer 1. After lifting to a predetermined height, the winch 63 removes the winding force, so that the scouring hammer 1 freely falls under the action of gravity, impacts and extrudes the soil body to form a certain depth; then, the winch 63 winds the cable 62 again to lift the scouring hammer 1, so that the scouring hammer 1 makes a second free fall to extrude the soil body to increase the depth, and repeat this operation until the scouring hammer 1 forms a foundation hole 100 with a predetermined depth in the soil body.

[0057] Further, as Figure 7 shown, when forming the basic hole 100, it also includes the process of moving the angle adjustment mechanism 8 to the upper position through the lifting frame 64, retracting the annular bladder wall 831 into the avoidance cavity 820, and allowing the scouring hammer 1 lifted to a predetermined height to pass through the inner ring 82. This operation process can prevent the inner ring 82 from hindering the free fall of the scouring hammer 1.

[0058] S3. Adopt the method of excavating in layers from top to bottom. Under the cooperation of the traction mechanism 6, the angle adjustment mechanism 8, and the driving mechanism 3, drive the scouring knife 7 to gradually swing outwards and move up and down to scour and excavate the hole wall, so as to gradually expand the first layer of the basic hole 100 to a predetermined diameter.

[0059] Specifically, as Figures 8 to 10 shown, the steps S3 for reaming the first layer of the basic hole 100 include the following process: S31. Move the angle adjustment mechanism 8 downwards to the required position through the lifting frame 64 and sleeved on the part above the position receiving groove 102 of the hammer body 10; S32. Make the swing arm 4 drive the scouring knife 7 to swing outwards by a small first angle, and drive it to move up and down under the drive of the traction mechanism 6 to scour and excavate the hole wall, so as to expand the hole wall at a horizontal position. At this time, the air source drives the bladder wall of the airbag 83 to contact the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102, providing a certain anti-rotation force for the hammer body 10 (it should be noted that this anti-rotation force will not generate obvious resistance to the up and down movement of the scouring hammer 1), so as to prevent the hammer body 10 from generating abnormal horizontal rotation due to uneven hardness of the hole wall soil when the scouring knife 7 moves up and down until the hole wall expansion at a horizontal angle is completed; S33. Drive the bladder wall of the airbag 83 to tightly abut against the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102 through the air source, and drive the inner ring 82 and the airbag 83 to rotate horizontally by a predetermined angle through the rotation drive mechanism (not shown) of the angle adjustment mechanism 8 (it should be noted that this angle generally should not be greater than the angle corresponding to the circumferential dimension of the scouring knife 7); S34. Drive the bladder wall of the airbag 83 to contact the part of the hammer body 10 above the receiving groove 102 through the air source (that is, reduce the pressure of the airbag 83) to expand the hole wall at another horizontal angle, and repeat this operation until the hole wall expansion at the first angle for the whole week is completed; S35. Drive the swing arm 4 to drive the scouring knife 7 to continue to swing outwards slightly to the second angle position, and operate according to the operation mode of the above operation process S32 to S34 until the hole wall expansion at the second angle for the whole week is completed. S36. Operate according to the operation mode of the operation process S35 to directly complete the expansion of the hole wall of the first layer.

[0060] S4. Construct a support shaft wall in the hole wall of the first layer to reinforce the first layer.

[0061] Specifically, there are many implementation methods in the prior art for constructing a supporting well wall in the hole wall of the first layer, and they are well known to those skilled in the art, so they will not be described in detail here.

[0062] S5, repeat the operation according to steps S3 and S4 until the supporting shaft wall is constructed in the predetermined number of layers of hole wall to complete the construction of the shaft. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment of the present invention adopts the method of up and down movement rigid flushing excavation, which can effectively eliminate the obstruction of hard shaft wall rock to shaft excavation, and the excavation process is basically completed automatically by the mechanical structure, and basically no construction personnel need to go down the shaft to work, which can greatly improve the excavation efficiency, well quality and construction safety. And reduce the corresponding construction difficulty and construction cost.

Claims

1. A central power flushing shaft construction equipment, characterized in that: include: A flushing hammer, the flushing hammer comprising a cylindrical hammer body, a rigid conical portion being constructed at the lower end of the hammer body, a hollow interior of the hammer body forming a receiving space, and a plurality of axial receiving grooves connected to the receiving space being formed in an annular direction on the peripheral wall of the hammer body; A sliding block, which is axially slidable in the accommodation space and can move along the axial direction of the hammer body in the accommodation space; A driving mechanism, which is mounted on the hammer body and is used to drive the sliding block to move; A swing arm, the upper end of which is hinged to the upper end of the receiving slot; A support arm, wherein both ends of the support arm are respectively hinged to the lower part of the swing arm and the sliding block, and when the sliding block moves axially, the support arm can be driven to drive the swing arm to move, so that the swing arm swings relative to the inside and outside of the receiving slot around its hinge center; A traction mechanism, which is connected to the hammer body and is used to cooperate with gravity to drive the flushing hammer to move up and down; A flushing knife, which is mounted on the lower end of the swing arm and moves with the swing arm; and The angle adjustment mechanism is used to drive the flushing hammer to rotate around its own axis to adjust the horizontal angle of the flushing hammer.

2. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The traction mechanism includes a gantry, a winch and a cable, one end of the cable is connected to the top of the hammer body, and the other end is connected to the winch. The gantry is also equipped with a lifting frame and a lifting drive mechanism for driving the lifting frame to move up and down along the gantry. The angle adjustment mechanism is installed on the lifting frame.

3. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that: The angle adjustment mechanism includes an outer ring fixed on the lifting frame, a circular inner ring rotatably installed on the inner periphery of the outer ring, and a rotary drive mechanism for driving the inner ring to rotate. The inner ring is clearance-matched with the hammer body, and the inner ring defines an avoidance cavity with an open inner ring surface. An airbag is fixedly arranged in the avoidance cavity, and the airbag is connected to an external air source so that the air pressure in the airbag can be adjusted through the air source, so that the annular bag wall of the airbag facing the avoidance cavity can move between the position of being closely against, contacting, or retracting from the avoidance cavity with the part of the hammer body located above the storage groove.

4. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The upper part of the inner ring is provided with a circular connecting portion extending upward from the inner ring, and the outer wall of the connecting portion is provided with sprocket teeth, gear teeth or belt grooves. The rotating shaft of the rotary drive mechanism is directly or indirectly connected with a driving sprocket, a driving gear or a driving pulley. The driving sprocket or the driving pulley is connected to the sprocket teeth or the belt groove of the connecting portion through a chain or a belt, and the driving gear is meshed with the gear teeth of the connecting portion.

5. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that: The part of the hammer body located above the storage groove is circumferentially formed with multiple embedded grooves, and the bag wall of the airbag is circumferentially fixed with multiple embedded strips corresponding to the embedded grooves one by one. Under the drive of the airbag, the embedded strips can move between the positions of tightly abutting, contacting or separating from the embedded grooves and shrinking to avoid the cavity.

6. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flushing knife comprises a knife body fixedly arranged at the lower end of the swing arm and a high-hardness wear-resistant layer covering the lower part of the knife body.

7. The central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that: A sealing member is provided in the receiving groove. When the swing arm and the flushing knife are swung back into the receiving groove, the swing arm and the flushing knife are sealed against the sealing member.

8. A construction method using the central power flushing shaft construction equipment as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The steps include: S1. Install shaft construction equipment according to the construction site conditions; S2, after the scouring hammer 1 is lifted to a predetermined height, the pulling force on the scouring hammer is canceled, so that the scouring hammer falls freely under the action of gravity to squeeze the soil, and the operation is repeated until the scouring hammer squeezes a foundation hole of a predetermined depth in the soil; S3, adopting the method of layered excavation from top to bottom, under the cooperation of the traction mechanism, the angle adjustment mechanism and the driving mechanism, the scouring knife is driven to gradually swing outward and move up and down to scour the excavated hole wall, so as to gradually expand the first layer of the foundation hole to a predetermined diameter; S4, constructing a supporting well wall in the hole wall of the first layer to reinforce the first layer; S5. Repeat steps S3 and S4 until the supporting shaft wall is constructed in a predetermined number of layers of hole walls to complete the construction of the shaft.

9. The construction method according to claim 8 using the central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: In step S2, when forming the basic hole, the angle adjustment mechanism is moved to an upper position by the lifting frame, the annular capsule wall is retracted into the cavity, and the flushing hammer lifted to a predetermined height passes through the inner ring.

10. The construction method according to claim 8 using the central power flushing shaft construction equipment according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The step S3 includes the following process: S31, moving the angle adjustment mechanism downward to a desired position through a lifting frame and putting it on the portion above the hammer position storage slot; S32, the swing arm drives the flushing knife to swing outward at a first smaller angle, and moves up and down under the drive of the traction mechanism to flush the excavated hole wall, so as to expand the hole wall at a horizontal position. At this time, the air source drives the bag wall of the air bag to contact the part of the hammer body located above the receiving groove, so as to provide an anti-rotation force for the hammer body; S33, driving the airbag wall and the part of the hammer body located above the receiving groove to closely contact each other through the air source, and driving the inner ring and the airbag to rotate horizontally at a predetermined angle through the rotation drive mechanism of the angle adjustment mechanism; S34, driving the air bag wall to contact the part of the hammer body located above the receiving groove through the air source, so as to expand the hole wall at another horizontal angle, and repeating the operation until the hole wall expansion work of the first angle of the whole circle is completed; S35, driving the swing arm to drive the scouring knife to continue to swing slightly outward to the second angle position, and operating in the manner of the above-mentioned operation process S32 to S34 until the hole wall expansion of the second angle of the whole circle is completed; S36, operate according to the operation method of operation process S35 to directly complete the expansion of the hole wall of the first layer.

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