River hydrological surveying and mapping monitoring method and system

Abstract

The invention discloses a river hydrological surveying and mapping monitoring method and system, and the method comprises the steps: river biological data analysis, river water quality data analysis, river community data analysis and river slope data analysis, firstly collecting the biological data of each river region, and carrying out the analysis through a propeller collection model, so as to obtain each propeller collection region and each non-propeller collection region; secondly, analyzing the water quality data of each non-propeller acquisition area by using a sound wave acquisition model to obtain each sound wave acquisition area and each non-sound wave acquisition area; then, analyzing biocenosis activity data of each non-sound wave acquisition area in combination with a biological activity model, and setting a corresponding acquisition scheme; and finally, collecting slope body data of each sound wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and analyzing by using a collection quality model to obtain a collection path of each collection area. According to the method, the surveying and mapping efficiency is improved, the labor cost is reduced, the collection precision is improved, and the authenticity of the data is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of hydrographic surveying and mapping, and relates to a method and system for monitoring river channel hydrographic surveying and mapping. Background Art

[0002] The rational utilization, management of water resources and the protection of river channel ecosystems are becoming increasingly important. Accurate and comprehensive monitoring of river channel hydrographic surveying and mapping can provide key data support for many aspects such as water resource allocation, water quality assessment, and ecological restoration. In river channel hydrological monitoring, flow velocity is a key parameter, and the monitoring process will be affected by the river channel environment. Therefore, a method and system for monitoring river channel hydrographic surveying and mapping are needed.

[0003] The prior art, such as the invention patent application with the publication number CN117968646A, discloses a method for monitoring river channel hydrographic surveying and mapping, specifically related to the technical field of hydrological monitoring, and specifically includes the following steps: According to historical data, collect hydrological information in areas prone to silt deposition, obtain suspended sediment content information, water flow information, and water level information in areas prone to silt deposition, comprehensively analyze and generate high-risk signals, medium-risk signals, and low-risk signals. If high-risk signals appear in multiple areas prone to silt deposition, according to the comprehensive evaluation results of the outlier values of the cumulative suspended sediment volume and the outlier values of the abnormal duration of suspended sediment in multiple areas prone to silt deposition, adjust and process the strategy for silt deposition in areas prone to silt deposition. This invention helps to more accurately warn professional staff about silt deposition in areas prone to silt deposition and optimize the priority of maintenance and management work in multiple areas prone to silt deposition.

[0004] For the above solution, there are at least the following deficiencies: 1. The above solution obtains the suspended sediment content information, water flow information, and water level information in areas prone to silt deposition through the hydrological information in areas prone to silt deposition, but does not consider the influence of the river channel environment on hydrological information. When using a propeller-type current meter in a biologically dense area, the collection accuracy will be affected by biological activities and cause errors. At the same time, when using an acoustic Doppler current meter in a clear river channel area, the collection accuracy will be reduced due to too few scatterers. The above solution only considers the suspended sediment content information, water flow information, and water level information in the silt deposition area, reducing the effectiveness of the data.

[0005] 2. When collecting river channel hydrological information, the above solution only states that it is collected by a collector, and does not collect according to the environment of the collection area. The collection environment is different in the same area due to different riverbed heights and different distances from the river channel slope. Different riverbed heights and geological activities of the riverbank slope will cause changes in water flow velocity. Without analyzing the position where the collector collects, it is impossible to reduce the influence of the river channel slope on the collector, reducing the collection accuracy and the authenticity of the data. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a river channel hydrological survey and monitoring method and system, which can improve the survey efficiency, reduce the labor cost, increase the acquisition accuracy, and improve the authenticity of data.

[0007] To solve the above technical problem, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a river channel hydrological survey and monitoring method, including the following steps: Step 1, river channel biological data analysis: Collect the biological data of each river channel area, and based on the propeller acquisition model, analyze the biological data of each river channel area to obtain each propeller acquisition area and each non-propeller acquisition area; Step 2, river channel water quality data analysis: Collect the water quality data of each non-propeller acquisition area, and based on the acoustic wave acquisition model, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller acquisition area to obtain each acoustic wave acquisition area and each non-acoustic wave acquisition area; Step 3, river channel community data analysis: Collect the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave acquisition area, and based on the biological activity model, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave acquisition area, set the acquisition plan for each non-propeller acquisition area, and conduct hydrological surveys in each non-propeller acquisition area according to the corresponding acquisition plan; Step 4, river channel slope data analysis: Collect the slope data of each acoustic wave acquisition area and each propeller acquisition area, and based on the acquisition quality model, analyze the slope data of each acoustic wave acquisition area and each propeller acquisition area, set the acquisition path for each acoustic wave acquisition area and each propeller acquisition area, and conduct hydrological surveys in each acoustic wave acquisition area and each propeller acquisition area according to the corresponding acquisition path.

[0008] In Step 1, the analysis of the biological data of each river channel area is as follows: The biological data of each river channel area includes the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index, and water flow disturbance index of each river channel area. Input the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index, and water flow disturbance index of each river channel area into the propeller acquisition model to obtain the output results of each river channel area. The values of the output results include 0 and 1; If the output result of a certain river channel area is 0, it indicates that this river channel area is a propeller acquisition area, and thus each propeller acquisition area is obtained. In each propeller acquisition area, a propeller-type current meter is used to measure the river channel flow velocity. If the output result of a certain river channel area is 1, it indicates that this river channel area is a non-propeller acquisition area, and thus each non-propeller acquisition area is obtained.

[0009] In Step 1, the expression of the propeller acquisition model is: ; where is the output result of the th river channel area, is the number of the river channel area, , , 、 、 and are respectively the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index and water flow disturbance index of the ath river channel area, 、 、 and are respectively the preset standard nutrient density index, standard biological activity density index, standard ecological disturbance index and standard water flow disturbance index, 、 and are respectively the weight factor of the nutrient density index, the weight factor of the biological activity density index, and the weight factor of the ecological disturbance index, , , , , and are respectively the influencing factor of biological activity and the influencing factor of water flow activity, , , , is the preset standard propeller collection safety index.

[0010] In step two, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area. The specific analysis process is as follows: The water quality data of each non-propeller collection area includes the bubble density, particle density and turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area. Input the bubble density, particle density and turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area into the acoustic wave collection model to obtain the output results of each non-propeller collection area. The values of the output results include 0 and 1; If the output result of a certain non-propeller collection area is 0, it indicates that this area is an acoustic wave collection area, and thus each acoustic wave collection area is obtained. Use an acoustic Doppler current profiler to measure in each acoustic wave collection area. If the output result of a certain non-propeller collection area is 1, it indicates that this area is a non-acoustic wave collection area, and thus each non-acoustic wave collection area is obtained.

[0011] In step two, the expression of the acoustic wave collection model is: ; where is the output result of the th non-propeller collection area, is the number of the non-propeller collection area, , , is the natural constant, , and are respectively the bubble density, particle density, and turbidity stability evaluation index of the th non - propeller collection area, , and are respectively the preset standard bubble density, standard particle density, and standard turbidity stability evaluation index, and are respectively the preset weight factor of the bubble and the weight factor of the particle, , , , and are respectively the weight factor of the preset bubble density and the weight factor of the first turbidity stability evaluation index, , , , and are respectively the weight factor of the preset particle density and the weight factor of the second turbidity stability evaluation index, , , , is the preset standard acoustic wave collection safety index.

[0012] In step three, analyze the biological community activity data of each non - acoustic wave collection area. The specific analysis process is as follows: The biological community activity data of each non - acoustic wave collection area includes the biological living volume, biological movement accumulation, and biological abnormal movement duration of each non - acoustic wave collection area. Input the biological living volume, biological movement accumulation, and biological abnormal movement duration of each non - acoustic wave collection area into the output result to obtain the output result of each non - acoustic wave collection area. The data of the output result includes - 1, 0, and 1; If the output result of a certain non - acoustic wave collection area is - 1, collect the river - surface plant density of each slope distance in this non - acoustic wave collection area, select the slope distance with the smallest river - surface plant density in this non - acoustic wave collection area as the slope distance during driving. When collecting in this non - acoustic wave collection area, drive according to the slope distance during collection of this non - acoustic wave collection area, and collect through an acoustic Doppler current profiler to obtain the collection scheme of this non - acoustic wave collection area; If the output result of each non-acoustic wave acquisition area is 0, collect the river surface plant density of each slope distance within the non-acoustic wave acquisition area, select the slope distance with the smallest river surface plant density within the non-acoustic wave acquisition area as the slope distance during driving. When collecting within the non-acoustic wave acquisition area, clean it before collection, and drive according to the slope distance during driving collected in the non-acoustic wave acquisition area after cleaning, and collect through a propeller current meter; If the output result is 1, prompt the staff to go to the river channel site for surveying and mapping.

[0013] In step three, the biological activity model expression is: ; where is the output result of the th non-acoustic wave acquisition area, is the number of the non-acoustic wave acquisition area, , , , and are respectively the biological living volume, biological movement accumulation amount, and biological abnormal movement duration of the th non-acoustic wave acquisition area, and are respectively the standard biological living volume and standard biological movement accumulation amount of the preset th non-acoustic wave acquisition area, is the preset standard biological abnormal movement duration, and are respectively the weight factor of the preset biological activity radius and the weight factor of the biological movement accumulation amount , , , and are respectively the preset first biological activity index and second biological activity index.

[0014] In step four, analyze the slope data of each acoustic wave acquisition area and each propeller acquisition area. The specific analysis process is as follows: Each acoustic wave acquisition area includes the river width stability index, landslide stability index, riverbed stability index of each slope distance, and water level volatility of each acoustic wave acquisition area. Input the river width stability index, landslide stability index, riverbed stability index of each slope distance, and water level volatility of each acoustic wave acquisition area into the acquisition quality model to obtain the output result of each slope distance within each acoustic wave acquisition area. The value of the output result is the acquisition quality level, , The highest acquisition quality level. For each acoustic wave acquisition area, the slope distance with the highest acquisition quality level is selected as the slope distance during acquisition driving. When the UAV travels to each acoustic wave acquisition area, it travels according to the slope distance during acquisition driving in each acoustic wave acquisition area, so as to obtain the acquisition path of each acoustic wave acquisition area. According to the analysis process of the slope data in each acoustic wave acquisition area, the slope data in each propeller acquisition area is analyzed to obtain the acquisition path of each propeller acquisition area.

[0015] In step four, the acquisition quality model expression is: , where is the output result of the th slope distance in the acoustic wave acquisition area, is the number of the acoustic wave acquisition area, , , is the number of the slope distance, , , and are respectively the river width stability index and landslide stability index of the th acoustic wave acquisition area, and are respectively the river bed stability index and water level volatility of the th slope distance in the acoustic wave acquisition area, , , and are respectively the preset standard river width stability index, standard landslide stability index, standard river bed stability index and standard water level volatility, and are respectively the weight factor of the preset river channel stability and the weight factor of the slope stability, , , , , , and are the preset first standard acquisition quality index, the th standard acquisition quality index, the th standard acquisition quality index and the th standard acquisition quality index.

[0016] The river channel hydrographic survey and monitoring system of the river channel hydrographic survey and monitoring method as described above includes the following modules: River biological data analysis module, which is used to collect biological data of each river section area, analyze the biological data of each river section area based on the propeller collection model, and obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area; River water quality data analysis module, which is used to collect water quality data of each non-propeller collection area, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area based on the acoustic wave collection model, and obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area; River community data analysis module, which is used to collect biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area based on the biological activity model, set the collection plan for each non-propeller collection area, and conduct hydrographic survey in each non-propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection plan; River slope data analysis module, which is used to collect slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, analyze the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area based on the collection quality model, set the collection paths for each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and conduct hydrographic survey in each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection paths.

[0017] The main beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, collect the biological data of each river section area, analyze it using the propeller collection model, and obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area; secondly, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area using the acoustic wave collection model to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area; then, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area in combination with the biological activity model and set the corresponding collection plan; finally, collect the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and propeller collection area, analyze it using the collection quality model, and obtain the collection paths of each collection area. The present invention improves the surveying and mapping efficiency and reduces the labor cost.

[0018] By setting the propeller collection area and the acoustic wave collection area based on the biological data and water quality data of different river section areas, the environmental impact of using a propeller current meter for collection in the biologically dense area is reduced, and the environmental impact of using an acoustic Doppler current meter for collection in the clear river section area is reduced, increasing the effectiveness of the data. At the same time, according to the analysis of the slope data, the collection paths in the river hydrographic survey process are set, reducing the impact of slope geological movement and riverbed changes on the collector, increasing the collection accuracy, and improving the authenticity of the data. Description of the Drawings

[0019] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings and embodiments.

[0020] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 2 This is the system diagram of the present invention. Specific implementation mode

[0022] Such as Figure 1 , a river channel hydrological survey and monitoring method, comprising the following steps: Step 1, river channel biological data analysis: Collect the biological data of each river channel area, and based on the propeller collection model, analyze the biological data of each river channel area to obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area; Step 2, river channel water quality data analysis: Collect the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area, and based on the acoustic wave collection model, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area; Step 3, river channel community data analysis: Collect the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area, and based on the biological activity model, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area, set the collection scheme for each non-propeller collection area, and conduct hydrological surveys in each non-propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection scheme; Step 4, river channel slope data analysis: Collect the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and based on the collection quality model, analyze the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, set the collection paths for each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and conduct hydrological surveys in each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection paths.

[0023] Example 1, In a specific embodiment, the collection of the biological data of each river channel area is as follows: The biological data of each river channel area includes the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index, and water flow disturbance index of each river channel area. The concentration of each nutrient component in each river channel area is obtained through a spectrophotometer and substituted into the nutrient density index calculation formula to obtain the nutrient density index of the th river channel area , is the number of the river channel area, , , is the th river channel area's th type of nutrient component concentration, is the type number of the nutrient component, , , is the total number of types of nutrient components, is the preset standard concentration of the th type of nutrient component, is the preset Weight factor of each type of nutrient component , .

[0024] It should be noted that the standard concentration of the th type of nutrient component is the threshold of the th type of nutrient component. When the concentration of the th type of nutrient component exceeds the corresponding standard concentration, it indicates that this type of nutrient component overflows. It is set by the staff. For example, is 1.7. It is set by the staff. When the th type of nutrient component overflows, the more it increases the reproduction rate of aquatic organisms. The greater the weight factor of the th type of nutrient component. For example, is 0.3.

[0025] Videos of each river channel area are collected. Through target tracking technology to assist in area calculation, the proportion of the activity space of various organisms in each river channel is obtained. The proportions of the activity space of various organisms in each river channel area are weighted and calculated to obtain the biological activity density index of each river channel area.

[0026] The duration of each historical survey in each river channel area affected by organisms is collected. The durations of each historical survey in each river channel area affected by organisms are summarized to obtain the number of surveys of each type of biological influence duration in each river channel area. The number of surveys of each type of biological influence duration in each river channel area is weighted and calculated according to the weight factor of each type of biological influence duration to obtain the ecological disturbance index. The duration of each historical survey in each river channel area affected by water flow changes is collected. The durations of each historical survey in each river channel area affected by water flow changes are summarized to obtain the number of surveys of each type of water flow change influence duration in each river channel area. The number of surveys of each type of water flow change influence duration in each river channel area is weighted and calculated to obtain the water flow disturbance index.

[0027] Example 2 In a specific embodiment, the analysis of the biological data of each river channel area is as follows: The nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index, and water flow disturbance index of each river channel area are input into the propeller collection model to obtain the output results of each river channel area. The values of the output results include 0 and 1.

[0028] If the output result of a certain river channel area is 0, it indicates that this river channel area is a propeller collection area, and thus each propeller collection area is obtained. In each propeller collection area, a propeller-type flow velocity meter is used to measure the river channel flow velocity. If the output result of a certain river channel area is 1, it indicates that this river channel area is a non-propeller collection area, and thus each non-propeller collection area is obtained.

[0029] Example 3 In a specific embodiment, the expression of the propeller acquisition model is: , where is the output result of the th river channel area, , , and are respectively the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index and water flow disturbance index of the th river channel area, , and are respectively the preset standard nutrient density index, standard biological activity density index, standard ecological disturbance index and standard water flow disturbance index, , and are respectively the weight factor of the nutrient density index, the weight factor of the biological activity density index, and the weight factor of the ecological disturbance index, , , , , and are respectively the influence factor of biological activity and the influence factor of water flow activity, , , , is the preset standard propeller acquisition safety index.

[0030] It should be noted that the setting process of the standard parameters , , , and is the same as the setting process of the standard parameter . For example is 1.7, is 2.1, is 1.3, is 4.2 and is 1.3. The setting process of the weight factors , , , and is the same as the setting process of the weight factor . For example is 0.5, is 0.3, is 0.2, is 0.6 and is 0.4.

[0031] Example 4 Step 2: Analysis of river water quality data: Collect the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area, and based on the acoustic wave collection model, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the process of collecting the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area is as follows: The water quality data of each non-propeller collection area includes the bubble density, particle density, and turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area. The bubble density of each non-propeller collection area is collected by a bubble counter, the particle density of each non-propeller collection area is collected by a particle counter, the turbidity of each non-propeller collection area is collected by a turbidimeter, the average turbidity and turbidity standard deviation of each non-propeller collection area are obtained through the average value calculation formula and the standard deviation calculation formula, and the turbidity standard deviation of each non-propeller collection area is divided by the average turbidity to obtain the turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area.

[0033] In a specific embodiment, the process of analyzing the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area is as follows: Input the bubble density, particle density, and turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area into the acoustic wave collection model to obtain the output results of each non-propeller collection area. The values of the output results include 0 and 1.

[0034] If the output result of a certain non-propeller collection area is 0, it indicates that this area is an acoustic wave collection area, and thus each acoustic wave collection area is obtained. An acoustic Doppler current profiler is used for measurement in each acoustic wave collection area. If the output result of a certain non-propeller collection area is 1, it indicates that this area is a non-acoustic wave collection area, and thus each non-acoustic wave collection area is obtained.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the expression of the acoustic wave collection model is: , where is the output result of the th non-propeller collection area, is the number of the non-propeller collection area, , , is the natural constant, , and are respectively the bubble density, particle density, and turbidity stability evaluation index of the th non-propeller collection area, , and are respectively a preset standard bubble density, a standard particle density, and a standard turbidity stability evaluation index, and are respectively a preset weight factor of the bubble and a weight factor of the particle, , , , and are respectively a weight factor of the preset bubble density and a weight factor of the first turbidity stability evaluation index, , , , and are respectively a weight factor of the preset particle density and a weight factor of the second turbidity stability evaluation index, , , , is a preset standard acoustic wave acquisition safety index.

[0036] It should be noted that the setting processes of the standard parameters , , and are the same as the setting process of the standard parameter . For example, is 1.2, is 1.3, is 1.6, and is 1.2. The setting processes of the weight factors , , , , and are the same as the setting process of the weight factor . For example, is 0.37, is 0.63, is 0.524, is 0.476, is 0.42, and is 0.58.

[0037] Example 5, Step 3. Analysis of river channel community data: Collect the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave acquisition area, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave acquisition area based on the biological activity model, set the acquisition plans for each non-propeller acquisition area, and conduct hydrographic surveys in each non-propeller acquisition area according to the corresponding acquisition plans.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the process of collecting the biocommunity activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area is as follows: The biocommunity activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area includes the living volume of organisms, the accumulated amount of organism movement, and the abnormal movement duration of organisms in each non-acoustic wave collection area. Collect the video of the target non-acoustic wave collection area, obtain the living areas of various biocommunities through target tracking technology, calculate the living volume of various biocommunities through auxiliary area calculation, perform weighted calculation to obtain the living volume of organisms, summarize the living areas of various biocommunities collected each time, obtain the living times of various biocommunities in each river channel position area, record the river channel position areas with living times greater than the preset living times as the permanent living position areas of various biocommunities, thereby obtaining the permanent living position areas of various biocommunities, summarize the permanent living position areas of various biocommunities to obtain the permanent living areas of various biocommunities. If an organism leaves the permanent living area corresponding to the biocommunity type, obtain the leaving duration through target tracking technology, summarize the leaving durations of organisms in various biocommunities to obtain the abnormal movement duration of various biocommunities, perform weighted calculation on the abnormal movement duration of various biocommunities to obtain the abnormal movement duration of organisms. According to the collection process of the target non-acoustic wave collection area, collect each non-acoustic wave collection area to obtain the living volume of organisms, the accumulated amount of organism movement, and the abnormal movement duration of organisms in each non-acoustic wave collection area.

[0039] Embodiment 6 In a specific embodiment, the process of analyzing the biocommunity activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area is as follows: Input the living volume of organisms, the accumulated amount of organism movement, and the abnormal movement duration of organisms in each non-acoustic wave collection area into the output result to obtain the output result of each non-acoustic wave collection area. The data of the output result includes -1, 0, and 1.

[0040] If the output result of a certain non-acoustic wave collection area is -1, collect the river surface plant density at each slope distance within this non-acoustic wave collection area, select the slope distance with the smallest river surface plant density within this non-acoustic wave collection area as the slope distance during driving. When collecting within this non-acoustic wave collection area, drive according to the slope distance during driving collected in this non-acoustic wave collection area, and collect through an acoustic Doppler current profiler to obtain the collection plan for this non-acoustic wave collection area.

[0041] It should be noted that if unmanned aerial vehicle inspection and collection are not adopted, but collection is carried out by setting up fixed collection stations, a collector should be set at the place of the slope distance during driving in this non-acoustic wave collection area.

[0042] If the output result of each non-acoustic wave acquisition area is 0, collect the river surface plant density of each slope distance within this non-acoustic wave acquisition area, select the slope distance with the smallest river surface plant density within this non-acoustic wave acquisition area as the slope distance during driving. When collecting within this non-acoustic wave acquisition area, clean it before collection, and drive according to the slope distance during driving collected in this non-acoustic wave acquisition area after cleaning, and collect through a propeller-type current meter.

[0043] If the output result is 1, prompt the staff to go to the river channel site for surveying and mapping.

[0044] In a specific embodiment, the biological activity model expression is: , where is the output result of the th non-acoustic wave acquisition area, is the number of the non-acoustic wave acquisition area, , , , and are respectively the biological living volume, biological movement accumulation amount, and biological abnormal movement duration of the th non-acoustic wave acquisition area, and are respectively the standard biological living volume and standard biological movement accumulation amount of the preset th non-acoustic wave acquisition area, is the preset standard biological abnormal movement duration, and are respectively the weight factor of the preset biological activity radius and the weight factor of the biological movement accumulation amount, , , , and are respectively the preset first biological activity index and second biological activity index.

[0045] It should be noted that , the standard parameters , , , and are set in the same process as the standard parameter . For example is 1.2, is 1.5, is 0.6, is 1.6 and is 2.6. The setting process of the weight factors and is the same as the setting process of the weight factor The setting process is the same. For example, is 0.3 and is 0.7.

[0046] Example 7, Step 4: Analysis of river channel slope data: Collect the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area. Based on the collection quality model, analyze the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, set the collection paths of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and conduct hydrographic surveys in each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection paths.

[0047] In a specific embodiment, the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area includes the river width stability index, landslide stability index, riverbed stability index of each slope distance, and water level volatility of each acoustic wave collection area. Collect the river channel images of each acoustic wave collection area through a camera, and obtain the river width lengths of each acoustic wave collection area through image recognition, so as to obtain the river width lengths of each acoustic wave collection area for each collection, and obtain the maximum river width length and minimum river width length of each acoustic wave collection area from them. At the same time, calculate the average value of the river width lengths of each acoustic wave collection area for each collection to obtain the average river width length of each acoustic wave collection area. Divide the sum of the average river width length of each acoustic wave collection area and the maximum river width length by the difference between the corresponding maximum river width length and the minimum river width length to obtain the river width stability index, and collect the riverbed stability index of each slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area according to the collection process of the river width stability index.

[0048] Collect the gravity, sliding force, and anti-sliding force of the landslide body at the preset slope points of each acoustic wave collection area, calculate the landslide stability index of each acoustic wave collection area through the limit equilibrium method, obtain the water level height of each slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area through image recognition technology, and obtain the maximum water level height and minimum water level height of each slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area from them. Divide the sum of the maximum water level height and the minimum water level height of each slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area by the difference between the maximum water level height and the minimum water level height of each slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area to obtain the water level volatility of each slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area, so as to obtain the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area. According to the collection process of the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area, collect each propeller collection area to obtain the slope data of each propeller collection area.

[0049] In a specific embodiment, the analysis of the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area is as follows: Input the river width stability index, landslide stability index, riverbed stability index of each slope distance, and water level volatility of each acoustic wave collection area into the collection quality model to obtain the output results of each slope distance within each acoustic wave collection area. The value of the output result That is the acquisition quality level. , The highest acquisition quality level. For each acoustic wave acquisition area, select the slope distance with the highest acquisition quality level as the slope distance during acquisition driving. When the drone travels to each acoustic wave acquisition area, drive according to the slope distance during acquisition driving in each acoustic wave acquisition area to obtain the acquisition path of each acoustic wave acquisition area. Analyze the slope data of each propeller acquisition area according to the analysis process of the slope data in each acoustic wave acquisition area to obtain the acquisition path of each propeller acquisition area.

[0050] It should be noted that the acquisition quality model expression is: , where is the output result of the th slope distance in the th acoustic wave acquisition area, is the number of the acoustic wave acquisition area, , , is the number of the slope distance, , , and are respectively the river width stability index and landslide stability index of the th acoustic wave acquisition area, and are respectively the riverbed stability index and water level volatility of the th slope distance in the th acoustic wave acquisition area, , , and are respectively the preset standard river width stability index, standard landslide stability index, standard riverbed stability index and standard water level volatility, and are respectively the weight factor of the preset river channel stability and the weight factor of the slope stability, , , , , , and are the preset first standard acquisition quality index, th standard acquisition quality index, th standard acquisition quality index and th standard acquisition quality index.

[0051] It should be noted that the standard parameters , , , , , , and The setting process of is the same as that of the standard parameter For example is 1.3, is 1.2, is 1.1, is 1.6, is 0.96, is 1.23, is 3.46 and is 5.68. The weight factors and The setting process of is the same as that of the weight factor For example is 0.31 and is 0.69.

[0052] Example 8 According to Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a river channel hydrological survey and monitoring system, including the following modules: a river channel biological data analysis module, a river channel water quality data analysis module, a river channel community data analysis module, and a river channel slope data analysis module.

[0053] The river channel water quality data analysis module is respectively connected to the river channel biological data analysis module and the river channel community data analysis module, and the river channel slope data analysis module is connected to the river channel community data analysis module.

[0054] The river channel biological data analysis module is used to collect the biological data of each river channel area, and based on the propeller collection model, analyze the biological data of each river channel area to obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area.

[0055] The river channel water quality data analysis module is used to collect the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area, and based on the acoustic wave collection model, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area.

[0056] The river channel community data analysis module is used to collect the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area, and based on the biological activity model, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area, set the collection scheme for each non-propeller collection area, and conduct hydrological surveys in each non-propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection scheme.

[0057] The river channel slope data analysis module is used to collect the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, analyze the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area based on the collection quality model, set the collection paths of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and conduct hydrographic surveys in each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection paths.

[0058] In the above technical solution, first, collect the biological data of each river channel area, analyze it using the propeller collection model to obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area; secondly, analyze the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area using the acoustic wave collection model to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area; then, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-acoustic wave collection area in combination with the biological activity model and set the corresponding collection plan; finally, collect the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and propeller collection area, analyze it using the collection quality model to obtain the collection paths of each collection area. The present invention improves the surveying and mapping efficiency and reduces the labor cost.

[0059] By analyzing the biological data and water quality data of different river channel areas, the propeller collection area and the acoustic wave collection area are set, reducing the environmental impact of using a propeller current meter for collection in biologically dense areas and reducing the environmental impact of using an acoustic Doppler current meter for collection in clear river channel areas, increasing the effectiveness of the data. At the same time, according to the analysis of the slope data, the collection paths in the process of river channel hydrographic survey are set, reducing the impact of slope geological movement and riverbed changes on the collector, increasing the collection accuracy, and improving the authenticity of the data.

[0060] The above embodiments are only the preferred technical solutions of the present invention and should not be regarded as limitations on the present invention. The embodiments in this application and the features in the embodiments can be arbitrarily combined with each other without conflict. The protection scope of the present invention should be the technical solutions recorded in the claims, including the equivalent replacement solutions of the technical features in the technical solutions recorded in the claims. That is, the equivalent replacement improvements within this scope are also within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A river hydrological surveying and monitoring method, characterized in that: The steps include: Step 1: river biological data analysis: collect biological data from each river area, analyze the biological data from each river area based on the propeller collection model, and obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area; Step 2: River water quality data analysis: Collect water quality data from each non-propeller collection area, and analyze the water quality data from each non-propeller collection area based on the acoustic wave collection model to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area; Step 3: River community data analysis: Collect biological community activity data in each non-sonic wave collection area, analyze the biological community activity data in each non-sonic wave collection area based on the biological activity model, set up a collection plan for each non-propeller collection area, and conduct hydrological mapping in each non-propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection plan; Step 4: River slope data analysis: Collect slope data from each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, analyze the slope data from each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area based on the collection quality model, set the collection path for each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and perform hydrological surveying and mapping in each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection path.

2. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the biological data of each river area is analyzed. The specific analysis process is as follows: The biological data of each river area include the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index and water flow disturbance index of each river area. The nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index and water flow disturbance index of each river area are input into the propeller collection model to obtain the output results of each river area. The output results have values ​​of 0 and 1. If the output result of a river channel area is 0, it means that the river channel area is a propeller collection area, so as to obtain each propeller collection area, and use a propeller current meter to measure the river flow velocity in each propeller collection area. If the output result of a river channel area is 1, it means that the river channel area is a non-propeller collection area, so as to obtain each non-propeller collection area.

3. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 1, the propeller acquisition model expression is: ;in, For the The output result of the river channel area is is the number of the river area, , , , , and are the nutrient density index, biological activity density index, ecological disturbance index and water flow disturbance index of the a-th river area, respectively. , , and They are the preset standard nutrient density index, standard biological activity density index, standard ecological disturbance index and standard water flow disturbance index. , and They are the weight factors of nutrient density index, biological activity density index and ecological disturbance index, respectively. , , , , and are the influencing factors of biological activities and water flow activities, respectively. , , , Collect safety index for preset standard propellers.

4. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area is analyzed to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area. The specific analysis process is as follows: The water quality data of each non-propeller collection area includes the bubble density, particle density and turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area. The bubble density, particle density and turbidity stability evaluation index of each non-propeller collection area are input into the acoustic wave collection model to obtain the output result of each non-propeller collection area. The value of the output result includes 0 and 1. If the output result of a non-propeller collection area is 0, it indicates that the area is a sound wave collection area, so as to obtain each sound wave collection area. An acoustic Doppler flow meter is used to measure in each sound wave collection area. If the output result of a non-propeller collection area is 1, it indicates that the area is a non-sound wave collection area, so as to obtain each non-sound wave collection area.

5. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 2, the acoustic wave acquisition model expression is: ;in, For the The output results of the non-propeller acquisition area are: is the number of the non-propeller collection area, , , is a natural constant, , and Respectively The bubble density, particle density and turbidity stability evaluation index of the non-propeller collection area are , and They are the preset standard bubble density, standard particle density and standard turbidity stability evaluation index. and are the preset weight factors of bubbles and particles, , , , and are respectively the weight factor of the preset bubble density and the weight factor of the first turbidity stability evaluation index, , , , and are respectively the preset weighting factor of particle density and the weighting factor of the second turbidity stability evaluation index, , , , Collect safety index for preset standard sound waves.

6. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the biological community activity data of each non-sound wave collection area is analyzed. The specific analysis process is as follows: The biological community activity data of each non-sound wave collection area includes the biological living volume, biological movement accumulation and biological abnormal movement duration of each non-sound wave collection area. The biological living volume, biological movement accumulation and biological abnormal movement duration of each non-sound wave collection area are input into the output result to obtain the output result of each non-sound wave collection area. The output result data includes -1, 0 and 1; If the output result of a non-sonic wave collection area is -1, collect the river surface plant density at each slope distance in the non-sonic wave collection area, select the slope distance with the smallest river surface plant density in the non-sonic wave collection area as the slope distance during driving, and when collecting in the non-sonic wave collection area, drive according to the slope distance when collecting in the non-sonic wave collection area, and collect through the acoustic Doppler current meter, so as to obtain the collection plan of the non-sonic wave collection area; If the output result of each non-sonic wave collection area is 0, the river surface plant density at each slope distance in the non-sonic wave collection area is collected, and the slope distance with the smallest river surface plant density in the non-sonic wave collection area is selected as the slope distance during driving. When collecting in the non-sonic wave collection area, the vehicle is cleaned before collecting, and after cleaning, the vehicle is driven according to the slope distance during driving in the non-sonic wave collection area, and the vehicle is collected by a propeller flow meter; If the output result is 1, the staff will be prompted to go to the river site for surveying.

7. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 3, the biological activity model expression is: ;in, For the The output results of the non-sound wave collection area, is the number of the non-sound wave collection area, , , , and Respectively The biological living volume, biological movement accumulation and abnormal biological movement duration of the non-sound wave collection area and Preset The standard biological living volume and standard biological movement accumulation of non-sound wave collection areas, The preset standard biological abnormal movement duration, and They are the weight factors of the preset biological activity radius and the biological movement accumulation amount. , , , and They are respectively a preset first biological activity index and a preset second biological activity index.

8. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area are analyzed. The specific analysis process is as follows: Each acoustic wave collection area includes the river width stability index, landslide stability index, riverbed stability index of each slope distance and water level fluctuation rate of each acoustic wave collection area. The river width stability index, landslide stability index, riverbed stability index of each slope distance and water level fluctuation rate of each acoustic wave collection area are input into the collection quality model to obtain the output results of each slope distance in each acoustic wave collection area, and the value of the output result The acquisition quality level. , The highest collection quality level, each acoustic wave collection area selects the slope distance with the highest collection quality level as the slope distance during collection driving. When the UAV drives to each acoustic wave collection area, it drives according to the slope distance of each acoustic wave collection area during collection driving, so as to obtain the collection path of each acoustic wave collection area. According to the analysis process of the slope data of each acoustic wave collection area, the slope data of each propeller collection area is analyzed to obtain the collection path of each propeller collection area.

9. The river hydrological surveying and monitoring method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In step 4, the acquisition quality model expression is: ,in, For the The first The output result of slope distance is: is the number of the sound wave collection area, , , is the number of the slope distance, , , and Respectively The river width stability index and landslide stability index of the acoustic wave collection area, and Respectively The first Riverbed stability index and water level fluctuation rate at slope distance, , , and They are the preset standard river width stability index, standard landslide stability index, standard riverbed stability index and standard water level fluctuation rate. and are the weight factors of the preset river channel stability and slope stability, , , , , , and The quality index of the first standard collection is preset, Standard acquisition quality index, Standard acquisition quality index and Standard acquisition quality index Standard acquisition quality index.

10. A river hydrological surveying and monitoring system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: The river biological data analysis module is used to collect biological data of each river area, and analyze the biological data of each river area based on the propeller collection model to obtain each propeller collection area and each non-propeller collection area; The river water quality data analysis module is used to collect water quality data of each non-propeller collection area. Based on the acoustic wave collection model, the water quality data of each non-propeller collection area is analyzed to obtain each acoustic wave collection area and each non-acoustic wave collection area; The river community data analysis module is used to collect the biological community activity data of each non-sonic wave collection area, analyze the biological community activity data of each non-sonic wave collection area based on the biological activity model, set the collection plan of each non-propeller collection area, and perform hydrological mapping in each non-propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection plan; The river slope data analysis module is used to collect slope data from each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, analyze the slope data from each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area based on the collection quality model, set the collection path for each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area, and perform hydrological mapping in each acoustic wave collection area and each propeller collection area according to the corresponding collection path.

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