Oil pumping unit screw looseness monitoring device for oil field

Abstract

The invention discloses an oil field pumping unit screw looseness monitoring device which comprises a host, an extension set and a strong magnet installed on a bearing bolt, the host comprises a main control chip I, a wireless serial port module I and a communication module, the wireless serial port module I and the communication module are both connected with the main control chip I, and the main control chip I is connected with the extension set. The wireless serial port module I is connected with the communication module; through the design of the host circuit and the extension circuit, whether a screw is loosened or not is monitored in real time, and once a screw rod is broken or a screw cap rotates and displaces, the situation can be detected; the structure of the circuit is simple, the number of components is small, the use of complex parts which are easily influenced by external environments such as weather and temperature is avoided, and the reliability of the device is proved through low-temperature and high-temperature electromagnetic experiments and the like; the monitoring effect on key bearing screws of the oil extraction machine and screws at the positions easy to loosen is good, false alarm is avoided, and the method has practical significance in reducing faults, shortening downtime and increasing the recovery efficiency of an oil field.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil production engineering, and particularly to a monitoring device for screw loosening of oil pumping units in oil fields. Background Art

[0002] During the development of oil fields, manual regular inspections are mainly used to check for screw loosening. The auxiliary method is to draw two lines on the screw, and personnel need to judge whether the two lines are misaligned to determine whether the screw is loose. The disadvantage of this method is that it is easy to misjudge with the naked eye when the visibility is poor; it is impossible to always pay attention to whether the screw is loose. However, if the main screws on the oil pumping unit become loose, there is a possibility of the machine tipping over instantly, causing immeasurable harm to personnel, equipment, and property.

[0003] After patent retrieval, there is a similar existing invention patent: Patent No.: CN202320715507.X; A loosening warning device for threaded fasteners, belonging to the field of mechatronics. This device includes a magnetized extended screw, a Hall sensor, an edge computing module, a communication module, and a power supply; among them, the magnetized extended screw is composed of a screw and a magnetized extended tail. The magnetized extended screw is made of magnetizable metal; the screw part has threads for fastening two parts with a total length not exceeding the thread length; the magnetized extended tail is an inherent extended part of the screw, magnetized as a permanent magnet, without threads, and with a diameter smaller than the inner diameter of the thread; the Hall sensor is installed at a position directly opposite to the magnetized extended tail; the edge computing module is a microprocessor with I / O ports, connected to the Hall sensor through the I / O ports; the edge computing module is connected to the communication module. This utility model uses the Hall sensor to regularly judge the magnetic field of the magnetized extended screw, which can realize timely and effective screw loosening warning at the edge end and reduce the production and use costs at the same time.

[0004] The above solution uses a Hall sensor to monitor the permanent magnet. However, the Hall sensor is composed of a Hall element, a linear amplifier, and an emitter follower, with a complex structure. Once a component in this circuit fails or is affected by temperature and humidity, it will affect the output signal of the sensor, and it is easy to have misjudgments or be unable to send signals; And the length of the screw rod to be monitored must be high enough above the screw cap on the screw rod by a certain distance. However, in many cases, the screw rod is almost flush with the screw cap above it, so it cannot be applied to all situations. Therefore, we need to propose a monitoring device for screw loosening of oil pumping units in oil fields. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a monitoring device for the loosening of screws of oil pumping units in oil fields. Through the design of the main circuit and the branch circuit, it realizes the real-time monitoring of whether the screws are loose. Once the screw rod breaks or the screw cap rotates and displaces, it can be detected; moreover, the circuit structure is simple, with few components, avoiding the use of complex parts that are easily affected by external environments such as weather and temperature, and the reliability of the device has been proven through low-temperature, high-temperature, electromagnetic and other experiments; the monitoring effect on the key load-bearing screws and the screws at the easily loosening parts of the oil pumping unit is good, with zero false alarms, which has practical significance for reducing faults, reducing downtime and increasing the oil recovery rate of the oil field, so as to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A monitoring device for the loosening of screws of oil pumping units in oil fields includes a main unit, a branch unit and a strong magnet installed on the load-bearing bolt. The main unit includes a main control chip one, a wireless serial port module one and a communication module. The wireless serial port module one and the communication module are both connected to the main control chip one, and the wireless serial port module one and the communication module are connected. The branch unit includes a main control chip two, a wireless serial port module two and a reed switch. The wireless serial port module two and the reed switch are both connected to the main control chip two, and the wireless serial port module two and the reed switch are connected. The wireless serial port module two is connected to the main control chip one of the main unit; A plurality of the reed switches are arranged in series. The reed switches adopt normally open reed switches, and the reed switches are installed directly above the load-bearing bolt through a fixed rod bracket. The strong magnet is installed at the position on the load-bearing bolt closest to the reed switch.

[0007] Preferably, both the main control chip one and the main control chip two are ATmega328P main control chips. Both the wireless serial port module one and the wireless serial port module two are 2.4G wireless serial port modules. The communication module adopts a TTL to RS485 communication module.

[0008] Preferably, the RX pin of the main control chip one is connected to the RX pin of the wireless serial port module one, and the TX pin of the main control chip one is connected to the TX pin of the wire serial port module one. Moreover, the RX pin and TX pin of the main control chip one and the RX pin and TX pin of the wireless serial port module one are cross-connected to form serial communication information.

[0009] Preferably, the 3.3V pin of the main control chip one is connected to the VCC pin of the wireless serial port module one, the GND pin of the main control chip one is connected to the GND pin of the wireless serial port module one, and the GND pin and CE pin of the wireless serial port module one are both connected to the GND pin of the communication module.

[0010] Preferably, the D0 pin of the first main control chip is connected to the TX pin of the communication module, the D1 pin of the first main control chip is connected to the RX pin of the communication module, and the 5.0V pin of the first main control chip is connected to the VCC pin of the communication module.

[0011] Preferably, the two pins of the reed switch are respectively connected to the D2 pin and the GND pin of the second main control chip, and the GND pin and the CE pin of the second wireless serial port module are both connected to the GND pin of the reed switch.

[0012] Preferably, the RX pin of the second main control chip is connected to the RX pin of the second wireless serial port module, the TX pin of the second main control chip is connected to the TX pin of the second wire serial port module, and the RX pin and the TX pin of the second main control chip and the RX pin and the TX pin of the second wireless serial port module are cross-connected to form serial communication information.

[0013] Preferably, the 3.3V pin of the second main control chip is connected to the VCC pin of the second wireless serial port module.

[0014] Preferably, the host further includes a digital RTU, and the digital RTU is communicatively connected to the communication module, and the digital RTU is used to remotely transmit data to the digital operation and maintenance room.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: Through the design of the host circuit and the extension circuit, the present invention realizes real-time monitoring of whether the screw is loose. Once the screw rod breaks or the screw cap rotates and displaces, it can be detected; and the circuit has a simple structure and few components, avoiding the use of complex parts that are easily affected by external environments such as weather and temperature, and the reliability of the device has been proven through low-temperature, high-temperature, electromagnetic and other experiments; the monitoring effect on the key load-bearing screws and the easily loosened parts of the oil production machine is good, with zero false alarms, which has practical significance for reducing faults, reducing downtime, and increasing the oil recovery rate of the oilfield. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a schematic installation structure diagram of the present invention; Figure 2 is a circuit diagram of the host and the extension of the present invention; Figure 3 is a schematic structure diagram of the reed switch of the present invention. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0017] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1-3 , the present invention provides a technical solution: an oilfield pumping unit screw loosening monitoring device, which includes a main unit, a sub-unit and a strong magnet installed on a load-bearing bolt. The main unit includes a main control chip one, a wireless serial port module one and a communication module. The wireless serial port module one and the communication module are both connected to the main control chip one. The wireless serial port module one and the communication module are connected. The sub-unit includes a main control chip two, a wireless serial port module two and a reed switch. The wireless serial port module two and the reed switch are both connected to the main control chip two. The wireless serial port module two and the reed switch are connected. The wireless serial port module two is connected to the main control chip one of the main unit; The reed switch is composed of two reed pieces (usually composed of two metals, iron and nickel) sealed in a glass tube. The two reed pieces are in an overlapping state but there is a small gap in the middle. An appropriate external magnetic field will cause the two reed pieces to contact. The contacts on these two reed pieces are plated with a very hard metal, usually rhodium and ruthenium. This hard metal greatly improves the service life of the switching times. Nitrogen or some equivalent inert gases are usually injected into the glass tube. And for some reed switches to improve the performance of the switching voltage, the inside is even made into a vacuum state.

[0019] A plurality of the reed switches are arranged in series. The reed switches adopt normally open reed switches, and the reed switches are installed directly above the load-bearing bolt through a fixed rod bracket. The strong magnet is installed at the position on the load-bearing bolt closest to the reed switch.

[0020] Fix a strong magnet at the part of the important load-bearing screws on the pumping unit that is prone to displacement (the screw rod and the screw cap); fix the reed switch at the position directly above the strong magnet at the load-bearing screw using a fixed rod bracket, and the position must be vertical to cause the internal structure of the reed switch to act; after connecting the lead-out wires of the reed switches at each load-bearing screw in series, connect the head and tail ends to the I / O interface of the sub-unit device. Once the screw is loose or the screw rod breaks, the sub-unit will send the alarm information to the main unit through a wireless device, and then report it to the maintenance personnel of the oil production machine.

[0021] When monitoring the screws on the oil production machine, connect the circuits of the reed switches in series, which greatly reduces the installation cost without reducing the monitoring sensitivity and stability. It is not necessary to install a monitoring sub-unit for each screw. Only one main unit and one sub-unit for monitoring screw loosening are needed for one pumping unit.

[0022] After 3 months of installation experiments on the oil production machine of the test well and experiments on the considered loose screws, the device has a good effect. It has a particularly good effect on the key load-bearing screws and the screws at the easily loosening parts of the oil production machine, with zero false alarms, which has practical significance for reducing faults, reducing downtime, and increasing the oil recovery rate of the oilfield.

[0023] Both the first main control chip and the second main control chip are ATmega328P main control chips. Both the first wireless serial port module and the second wireless serial port module are 2.4G wireless serial port modules. The communication module uses a TTL to RS485 communication module.

[0024] The RX pin of the first main control chip is connected to the RX pin of the first wireless serial port module. The TX pin of the first main control chip is connected to the TX pin of the first wireless serial port module. And the RX pin and TX pin of the first main control chip and the RX pin and TX pin of the first wireless serial port module are cross-connected to form serial communication information.

[0025] The 3.3V pin of the first main control chip is connected to the VCC pin of the first wireless serial port module. The GND pin of the first main control chip is connected to the GND pin of the first wireless serial port module. The GND pin and CE pin of the first wireless serial port module are both connected to the GND pin of the communication module. The first main control chip supplies power to the first wireless serial port module through the 3.3V pin and GND pin.

[0026] The D0 pin of the first main control chip is connected to the TX pin of the communication module. The D1 pin of the first main control chip is connected to the RX pin of the communication module. And the 5.0V pin of the first main control chip is connected to the VCC pin of the communication module. The first main control chip supplies power to the communication module through the 5.0V pin.

[0027] The two pins of the reed switch are respectively connected to the D2 pin and GND pin of the second main control chip. And the GND pin and CE pin of the second wireless serial port module are both connected to the GND pin of the reed switch.

[0028] The two pins of the reed switch are connected to the D2 pin and GND pin of the second main control chip. When the reed switch is not attracted by the magnet, the internal switch is in the open state. At this time, the D2 of the second main control chip is connected to the internal pull-up resistor and is at a high level. The RX pin of the second main control chip is connected to the RX pin of the second wireless serial port module. The TX pin of the second main control chip is connected to the TX pin of the second wireless serial port module. And the RX pin and TX pin of the second main control chip and the RX pin and TX pin of the second wireless serial port module are cross-connected to form serial communication information.

[0029] The 3.3V pin of the second main control chip is connected to the VCC pin of the second wireless serial port module. The second main control chip supplies power to the second wireless serial port module through the 3.3V pin and GND pin.

[0030] The host further includes a digital RTU, which is communicatively connected to the communication module and is used to remotely transmit data to the digital operation and maintenance room.

[0031] During use, a plurality of reed switches on the extension for monitoring bolt loosening are respectively installed directly above the important bolts to be monitored using brackets, and a strong magnet is installed at the position on the bolt closest to the reed switch. There is a repulsive force between the strong magnet and the reed switch. If the bolt loosens, it will drive the position of the strong magnet to shift. Attracted by the strong magnet, the internal switch of the reed switch is in a closed and short-circuited state. The D2 pin of the main control chip two is short-circuited to the GND pin through the internal circuit of the reed switch. At this time, the high level of D2 is pulled down to be equal to GND. The program determines that the screw is loose and has displaced, and sends the information to the host through the wireless serial port module two. After receiving the alarm information, the host sends signals through the D0 and D1 serial ports of the host to the "TTL to RS485 communication module" to process the signals into RS485 signals that can be recognized by the remote RTU on the oil well to complete the transmission of the alarm information. Thus, the digital operation and maintenance center gets early warning and notifies relevant personnel to tighten the screws on the oil well.

[0032] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields, characterized in that: It includes a host, a slave unit, and a strong magnet installed on a load-bearing bolt. The host includes a main control chip 1, a wireless serial port module 1, and a communication module. The wireless serial port module 1 and the communication module are both connected to the main control chip 1. The wireless serial port module 1 is connected to the communication module. The slave unit includes a main control chip 2, a wireless serial port module 2, and a reed switch. The wireless serial port module 2 and the reed switch are both connected to the main control chip 2. The wireless serial port module 2 is connected to the reed switch. The wireless serial port module 2 is connected to the main control chip 1 of the host. A plurality of the reed switches are arranged in series. The reed switches are normally open reed switches. And the reed switches are installed directly above the load-bearing bolt through a fixed rod bracket. The strong magnet is installed at the position on the load-bearing bolt closest to the reed switches.

2. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: Both the main control chip 1 and the main control chip 2 are ATmega328P main control chips. Both the wireless serial port module 1 and the wireless serial port module 2 are 2.4G wireless serial port modules. The communication module uses a TTL to RS485 communication module.

3. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RX pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the RX pin of the wireless serial port module 1. The TX pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the TX pin of the wire serial port module 1. And the RX pin and TX pin of the main control chip 1 and the RX pin and TX pin of the wireless serial port module 1 are cross-connected to form serial communication information.

4. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 3.3V pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the VCC pin of the wireless serial port module 1. The GND pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the GND pin of the wireless serial port module 1. The GND pin and CE pin of the wireless serial port module 1 are both connected to the GND pin of the communication module.

5. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The D0 pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the TX pin of the communication module. The D1 pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the RX pin of the communication module. And the 5.0V pin of the main control chip 1 is connected to the VCC pin of the communication module.

6. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two pins of the reed switch are respectively connected to the D2 pin and GND pin of the main control chip 2. And the GND pin and CE pin of the wireless serial port module 2 are both connected to the GND pin of the reed switch.

7. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The RX pin of the main control chip 2 is connected to the RX pin of the wireless serial port module 2. The TX pin of the main control chip 2 is connected to the TX pin of the wire serial port module 2. And the RX pin and TX pin of the main control chip 2 and the RX pin and TX pin of the wireless serial port module 2 are cross-connected to form serial communication information.

8. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The 3.3V pin of the main control chip 2 is connected to the VCC pin of the wireless serial port module 2.

9. The monitoring device for screw loosening of pumping units used in oil fields according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host further includes a digital RTU. The digital RTU is communicatively connected to the communication module. The digital RTU is used to remotely transmit data to a digital operation and maintenance room.

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