Surface runoff sediment collecting equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of runoff sediment collection, in particular to surface runoff sediment collection equipment which comprises a base and a cuttage cone, the cuttage cone is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the base, a first collection assembly is arranged above the base, and a second collection assembly is arranged on the side face of the base. The surface runoff sediment collection equipment comprises a first collection assembly and a second collection assembly, the first collection assembly and the second collection assembly are used for coping with different collection environments, flushing assemblies are arranged on the first collection assembly and the second collection assembly, the flushing assemblies are used for improving the observation precision, and supporting assemblies are arranged on the flushing assemblies. Through mutual cooperation of the first collection assembly and the second collection assembly, different sediment collection modes can be adopted for two different runoff generation modes of excess infiltration runoff generation and full storage runoff generation, and under cooperation of the water distribution piece and the supporting assembly, the influence of runoff scouring and sedimentation is dealt with, and the stability of the equipment is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of runoff sediment collection, and specifically to a surface runoff sediment collection device. Background Art

[0002] Soil erosion is a natural disaster. When rainfall comes, it is easy to form water flow that runs off along the soil surface, which is called surface runoff. Once surface runoff occurs, it will scour and carry away the soil, resulting in soil erosion. Common runoff detection is to observe soil erosion under different land use patterns and agricultural management patterns through a standard closed plot runoff observation system, or fix the collection device at the observation point, and automatically collect, analyze, and transmit runoff sediment data during rainy days;

[0003] For field soil erosion monitoring, a collection device is usually directly used to collect runoff sediment. Compared with building an observation area, it is more flexible and has a lower observation cost. However, the field site conditions are complex, and it is affected by factors such as flow velocity, flow rate, water temperature, sediment chemical composition, and sediment particle size. The automatic observation measurement range is small and the accuracy is poor. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a surface runoff sediment collection device, which solves the problems raised in the above background art.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is realized through the following technical solutions: A surface runoff sediment collection device includes a base and a cutting cone. The cutting cone is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base. A first collection component is arranged above the base, and a second collection component is arranged on the side of the base. The first collection component and the second collection component are used to cope with different collection environments;

[0006] Flushing components are arranged on both the first collection component and the second collection component, and the flushing components are used to improve the observation accuracy;

[0007] A support component is arranged on the flushing component, and the support component is used to improve the stability of the device.

[0008] Optionally, the first collection component includes a support column fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. A first water accumulation pool is fixedly installed at the top of the support column, and a first fixing plate is fixedly installed on one side of the support column;

[0009] A biaxial motor is fixedly installed in the middle of the first fixing plate. A first gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the biaxial motor. A rack is meshed with the lower side of the first gear. A limiting frame is movably installed on the outer surface of the rack, and the bottom of the limiting frame is fixedly connected to the base;

[0010] One end of the rack is fixedly installed with a first collection box. One side of the first collection box is fixedly installed with a first water storage member. A first water inlet is opened in the middle of one side of the first collection box. A first water outlet is opened on the side of the first collection box away from the first water inlet.

[0011] Optionally, the second collection component includes a gear ring movably installed on the surface of the base. A second fixed plate is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base. A servo motor is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the second fixed plate. A second gear is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor. The second gear meshes with the gear ring.

[0012] One side of the gear ring is fixedly installed with a connecting rod. One end of the connecting rod away from the gear ring is fixedly installed with a second collection box. A second water storage member is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second collection box. A third water storage member is fixedly installed on one side of the second collection box. A second water inlet is opened at a position near the lower part of the middle of the side of the second collection box where the third water storage member is installed.

[0013] Optionally, the flushing component includes a first electric push rod fixedly installed at the top of the inner cavity of the second collection box. A sealing member is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first electric push rod.

[0014] A protective frame is arranged on one side of the base. A second water accumulation pool is fixedly installed at the top of the protective frame. A first high-speed water spraying member is arranged inside the second water accumulation pool. The water spraying end of the first high-speed water spraying member corresponds to the second water inlet.

[0015] A second high-speed water spraying member is arranged inside the first water accumulation pool. The water spraying end of the second high-speed water spraying member corresponds to the first water inlet.

[0016] Optionally, the support component includes third fixed plates. The number of the third fixed plates is two, and they are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the second water accumulation pool.

[0017] An installation frame is fixedly installed on the surface of the third fixed plate. A support leg is movably installed inside the installation frame. A driving groove is opened in the middle of the support leg.

[0018] A second electric push rod is movably installed on one side of the third fixed plate. A driving shaft is movably installed on the output of the second electric push rod. The driving shaft is movably installed in the driving groove. Extension legs are fixedly installed at both ends of the driving shaft.

[0019] Reinforcing plates are fixedly installed on both sides of the protective frame. The extension legs are above the reinforcing plates and are in contact with the reinforcing plates.

[0020] Optionally, a water dividing member is fixedly installed between the two first collection boxes. The water dividing member is bent and its tip is upward.

[0021] Optionally, the four surfaces on the periphery of the first water accumulation pool are all inclined, and photovoltaic panels are fixedly installed thereon. The electricity storage device of the photovoltaic panel is electrically connected to the double-axis motor, the servo motor, the first electric push rod, and the second electric push rod.

[0022] Optionally, an optical detection system, a rainfall induction system, a data storage and a data transmission system are arranged in the first collection box and the second collection box.

[0023] Optionally, the shape of the bottom of the inner cavity of the first collection box is a slope shape, and the first water outlet is at the bottom of the slope. The sealing member is triangular, and a sealing skirt is arranged around it.

[0024] The present invention provides a surface runoff sediment collection device, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0025] 1. For this surface runoff sediment collection device, through the mutual cooperation of the first collection component and the second collection component, different sediment collection methods can be respectively adopted for two different runoff generation methods, namely excess infiltration runoff generation and saturation runoff generation. And with the cooperation of the water diversion member and the support component, the influence of runoff scouring and sedimentation can be coped with, and the stability of the device is improved.

[0026] 2. For this surface runoff sediment collection device, through the flushing component, the inside of the first collection box and the second collection box can be flushed after the observation is completed, ensuring that there is no sediment retention inside, which can improve the accuracy of the next observation, and at the same time reduce the corrosion of sediment and rainwater on it, and improve its service life. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the first collection component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the positional relationship between the first collection box and the water diversion member of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the second collection box of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0032] Figure 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the second collection box of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0033] Figure 7 is the present inventionFigure 1 Schematic diagram of the partial enlarged structure at A in the [Chinese description];

[0034] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional exploded structure of the support component of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the state structure of the first collection box when the first collection component of the present invention is working;

[0036] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the state structure of the second collection box when the second collection component of the present invention is working.

[0037] In the figure: 1, base; 11, cutting cone; 2, support column; 21, first water accumulation pool; 22, photovoltaic panel; 23, first fixing plate; 24, biaxial motor; 25, first gear; 26, rack; 27, limiting frame; 28, first collection box; 29, first water storage member; 210, first water inlet; 211, first water outlet; 3, gear ring; 31, second fixing plate; 32, servo motor; 33, second gear; 34, connecting rod; 35, second collection box; 36, second water storage member; 37, third water storage member; 38, second water inlet; 4, first electric push rod; 41, seal; 42, protective frame; 43, second water accumulation pool; 44, first high-speed water spraying member; 45, second high-speed water spraying member; 5, third fixing plate; 51, installation frame; 52, support leg; 53, second electric push rod; 54, drive shaft; 55, extension leg; 56, reinforcement plate; 6, water distribution member. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0039] Embodiment 1: Please refer to Figures 1 to 6 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 , the present invention provides a technical solution: A surface runoff sediment collection device, including a base 1 and a cutting cone 11, the cutting cone 11 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the base 1, a first collection component is arranged above the base 1, and a second collection component is arranged on the side of the base 1. The first collection component and the second collection component are used to cope with different collection environments;

[0040] Flushing components are arranged on both the first collection component and the second collection component, and the flushing components are used to improve the observation accuracy;

[0041] A support component is arranged on the flushing component, and the support component is used to improve the stability of the device.

[0042] The first collection component includes a support column 2 fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1. A first water accumulation tank 21 is fixedly installed at the top of the support column 2. A first fixed plate 23 is fixedly installed on one side of the support column 2;

[0043] A dual-axis motor 24 is fixedly installed in the middle of the first fixed plate 23. A first gear 25 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the dual-axis motor 24. A rack 26 is engaged with the lower side of the first gear 25. A limit frame 27 is movably installed on the outer surface of the rack 26. The bottom of the limit frame 27 is fixedly connected to the base 1;

[0044] One end of the rack 26 is fixedly installed with a first collection box 28. A first water storage member 29 is fixedly installed on one side of the first collection box 28. A first water inlet 210 is opened in the middle of one side of the first collection box 28. A first water outlet 211 is opened on the side of the first collection box 28 away from the first water inlet 210;

[0045] A water distribution member 6 is fixedly installed between the two first collection boxes 28. The water distribution member 6 is bent and its tip is upward.

[0046] The second collection component includes a gear ring 3 movably installed on the surface of the base 1. A second fixed plate 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the base 1. A servo motor 32 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the second fixed plate 31. A second gear 33 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the servo motor 32. The second gear 33 meshes with the gear ring 3;

[0047] A connecting rod 34 is fixedly installed on one side of the gear ring 3. One end of the connecting rod 34 away from the gear ring 3 is fixedly installed with a second collection box 35. A second water storage member 36 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second collection box 35. A third water storage member 37 is fixedly installed on one side of the second collection box 35. A second water inlet 38 is opened at a position near the lower part of the middle of the side of the second collection box 35 where the third water storage member 37 is installed;

[0048] An optical detection system, a rainfall induction system, a data storage and data transmission system are provided in the first collection box 28 and the second collection box 35.

[0049] Specifically, when using the present invention, first, a collection point needs to be selected. Since the collection point is often on a slope, before installing the equipment, the collection point needs to be leveled, and then the equipment is fixed at the collection point by using the cutting cone 11. In this way, runoff sediment can be collected when it rains. There are usually two runoff generation methods for surface runoff, namely infiltration excess runoff and saturation excess runoff. Among them, infiltration excess runoff refers to the phenomenon that when the rainfall intensity exceeds the infiltration capacity of the soil during the rainfall process, the rainwater not absorbed by the soil forms surface runoff. Saturation excess runoff refers to the way that runoff is generated when precipitation makes the soil aeration zone and saturated zone basically saturated. These two different runoff generation methods will both affect the stability of the equipment and then affect the collection process;

[0050] Through the rainfall induction system on the first collection box 28, when the rainfall is large and reaches the over-infiltration runoff standard, the device will start the double-shaft motor 24 through the sensor, and use the double-shaft motor 24 to drive the first gear 25 to rotate, so that the first gear 25 drives the rack 26, and use the rack 26 to drive the first collection box 28 to flip so that it contacts the bottom surface. When runoff occurs, sediment can be collected, as Figure 9 shown;

[0051] Compared with saturated runoff generation, the flow rate of over-infiltration runoff is larger, and the scouring of the device is more powerful, which easily causes the device to shift in position and affects the collection direction of the first collection box 28. Through the water diversion member 6, the runoff can be diverted so that it flows along both sides of the device, reducing the scouring intensity of the runoff on the device and improving the stability of the device. Among them, due to the large flow rate of over-infiltration runoff, the first water storage member 29 can be made of metal elastic pieces, which can deform under the scouring of the runoff, so as to divert the flow and further reduce the impact of the runoff on the stability of the device;

[0052] At the same time, the water diversion member 6 can be used to direct the runoff to the first water inlet 210, and cooperate with the first water storage member 29 to accumulate the runoff, so that the runoff enters the inner cavity of the first collection box 28 through the first water inlet 210, realizing the collection of runoff sediment, and then analyzing the sediment content through the optical detection system inside it, and storing and transmitting data to complete the observation purpose;

[0053] When saturated runoff generation occurs, through the rainfall induction system and the sensor, the device will start the servo motor 32 to drive the second gear 33 to rotate, so that the second gear 33 drives the gear ring 3 to rotate, thereby making the connecting rod 34 rotate. Using the connecting rod 34 will drive the second collection box 35 to rotate so that the second water inlet 38 faces the runoff direction, as Figure 10 shown;

[0054] The third water storage member 37 will accumulate the runoff, so that the water flow reaches the position of the second water inlet 38 and enters the second collection box 35 through the second water inlet 38, completing the collection of runoff sediment, and then completing the observation through the optical detection system inside it.

[0055] Example 2: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 and Figure 6 , the flushing assembly includes a first electric push rod 4, the first electric push rod 4 is fixedly installed on the top of the inner cavity of the second collection box 35, and a sealing member 41 is fixedly installed on the output shaft of the first electric push rod 4;

[0056] A protection frame 42 is provided on one side of the base 1, a second water pool 43 is fixedly installed on the top of the protection frame 42, a first high-speed water spraying member 44 is provided inside the second water pool 43, and a water spraying end of the first high-speed water spraying member 44 corresponds to the second water inlet 38;

[0057] A second high-speed water spraying member 45 is disposed inside the first water reservoir 21, and a water spraying end of the second high-speed water spraying member 45 corresponds to the first water inlet 210;

[0058] The bottom of the inner cavity of the first collection box 28 is in the shape of a slope, and the first water outlet 211 is located at the bottom of the slope. The sealing member 41 is in the shape of a triangle, and a sealing skirt is arranged around it.

[0059] On the basis of Example 1, after one runoff sediment observation is completed, sediment will accumulate in the first collection box 28 and the second collection box 35, which may easily affect the accuracy of the next observation result;

[0060] After an over-seepage flow observation is completed, it is necessary to start the dual-axis motor 24 to drive the first gear 25 to rotate, so that the rack 26 drives the first collection box 28 to reset. After the first collection box 28 is reset, the sediment and water in the inner cavity of the first collection box 28 will flow out through the first water outlet 211, and then the second high-speed water spraying member 45 is started to spray water, which enters the first collection box 28 through the first water inlet 210 to flush it, so as to prevent sediment retention from affecting the accuracy of the next observation;

[0061] When a full flow observation is completed, it is necessary to start the servo motor 32 to drive the second gear 33 to rotate, so that the second gear 33 drives the gear ring 3 to rotate, so that the connecting rod 34 drives the second collection box 35 to reset, and the first electric push rod 4 is started to drive the seal 41 to descend, so that a gap is generated between the seal 41 and the second collection box 35 to guide the sediment out, and then the first high-speed water spraying part 44 is started to flush the inner cavity of the second collection box 35. After flushing, the second collection box 35 is in the inner cavity of the protection frame 42 and is protected by the protection frame 42;

[0062] Among them, the first water pool 21 and the second water pool 43 can store water to provide a water source for flushing. During production, a filter membrane can be set above them. At the same time, a filter membrane is also set at the first water inlet 210 to prevent impurities such as dust and leaves from entering the first water pool 21, the second water pool 43 and the first collection box 28. The inclined setting of the first water pool 21 can change the installation angle of the photovoltaic panel 22, so that it can better receive light, improve power generation efficiency, and power and charge the equipment.

[0063] Example 3: Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8, the support assembly includes a third fixing plate 5. The number of the third fixing plates 5 is two, and they are respectively fixedly installed on both sides of the second water accumulation pool 43;

[0064] An installation frame 51 is fixedly installed on the surface of the third fixing plate 5. A support leg 52 is movably installed inside the installation frame 51. A driving groove is formed in the middle of the support leg 52;

[0065] A second electric push rod 53 is movably installed on one side of the third fixing plate 5. A driving shaft 54 is movably installed on the output of the second electric push rod 53. The driving shaft 54 is movably installed in the driving groove. Extension legs 55 are fixedly installed at both ends of the driving shaft 54;

[0066] Reinforcing plates 56 are fixedly installed on both sides of the protection frame 42. The extension legs 55 are located above the reinforcing plates 56 and are in contact with the reinforcing plates 56;

[0067] The four surfaces on the peripheral side of the first water accumulation pool 21 are all inclined, and a photovoltaic panel 22 is fixedly installed thereon. The power storage device of the photovoltaic panel 22 is electrically connected to the double-shaft motor 24, the servo motor 32, the first electric push rod 4, and the second electric push rod 53.

[0068] On the basis of Embodiment 1, the effects of excess infiltration runoff generation and saturation excess runoff generation on the equipment stability are different. Among them, the main effect of excess infiltration runoff generation on the equipment is the scour of runoff, while saturation excess runoff generation will fully wet the soil, and the main effect on the equipment is the influence of settlement;

[0069] In the present invention, in order to address the settlement problem, a large-area substrate installation method of the base 1 and the reinforcing plate 56 is adopted to evenly distribute the bearing force of the soil, reduce local stress, and use the cutting cone for positioning, thereby reducing the influence of settlement;

[0070] And in order to address the problem of runoff scour, a flow splitting method of the water diversion member 6 is adopted, and the second electric push rod 53 is started by the sensor to drive the driving shaft 54 to move, so that the extension legs 55 expand, making the extension legs 55 form an angle with the bottom support, and then realizing the support for the protection frame 42, reducing the influence of runoff on the protection frame 42, and further improving the stability of the equipment.

[0071] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, for those of ordinary skill in the art, it can be understood that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention. The scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A surface runoff sediment collection device, comprising a base (1) and a cutting cone (11), wherein the cutting cone (11) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the base (1), characterized in that: A first collecting component is arranged above the base (1), and a second collecting component is arranged on the side of the base (1), wherein the first collecting component and the second collecting component are used to cope with different collecting environments; The first collection component and the second collection component are both provided with a flushing component, and the flushing component is used to improve the observation accuracy; A support component is provided on the flushing component, and the support component is used to improve the stability of the equipment.

2. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first collection component comprises a support column (2) fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base (1), a first water pool (21) fixedly mounted on the top of the support column (2), and a first fixing plate (23) fixedly mounted on one side of the support column (2); A dual-axis motor (24) is fixedly mounted in the middle of the first fixed plate (23); a first gear (25) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the dual-axis motor (24); a rack (26) is meshed on the lower side of the first gear (25); a limit frame (27) is movably mounted on the outer surface of the rack (26); and the bottom of the limit frame (27) is fixedly connected to the base (1); A first collection box (28) is fixedly mounted on one end of the rack (26), a first water storage member (29) is fixedly mounted on one side of the first collection box (28), a first water inlet (210) is provided in the middle of one side of the first collection box (28), and a first water outlet (211) is provided on a side of the first collection box (28) away from the first water inlet (210).

3. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second collecting assembly comprises a gear ring (3) movably mounted on the surface of the base (1); a second fixing plate (31) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the base (1); a servo motor (32) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the second fixing plate (31); a second gear (33) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the servo motor (32); the second gear (33) and the gear ring (3) are meshed with each other; A connecting rod (34) is fixedly mounted on one side of the gear ring (3); a second collection box (35) is fixedly mounted on one end of the connecting rod (34) away from the gear ring (3); a second water storage component (36) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the second collection box (35); a third water storage component (37) is fixedly mounted on one side of the second collection box (35); and a second water inlet (38) is provided at a lower middle position of the side of the second collection box (35) on which the third water storage component (37) is mounted.

4. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 3 is characterized by: The flushing assembly comprises a first electric push rod (4), the first electric push rod (4) is fixedly mounted on the top of the inner cavity of the second collection box (35), and a sealing member (41) is fixedly mounted on the output shaft of the first electric push rod (4); A protection frame (42) is provided on one side of the base (1), a second water pool (43) is fixedly mounted on the top of the protection frame (42), a first high-speed water spraying member (44) is provided inside the second water pool (43), and a water spraying end of the first high-speed water spraying member (44) corresponds to the second water inlet (38); A second high-speed water spraying member (45) is disposed inside the first water pool (21), and a water spraying end of the second high-speed water spraying member (45) corresponds to the first water inlet (210).

5. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly comprises a third fixing plate (5), the number of the third fixing plates (5) being two and being fixedly mounted on two sides of the second water storage tank (43) respectively; A mounting frame (51) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the third fixing plate (5), a supporting leg (52) is movably mounted on the inner side of the mounting frame (51), and a driving groove is provided in the middle of the supporting leg (52); A second electric push rod (53) is movably mounted on one side of the third fixed plate (5); a driving shaft (54) is movably mounted on the output of the second electric push rod (53); the driving shaft (54) is movably mounted in the driving groove; and extension legs (55) are fixedly mounted on both ends of the driving shaft (54); Reinforcement plates (56) are fixedly mounted on both sides of the protection frame (42), and the extension legs (55) are located above the reinforcement plates (56) and abut against the reinforcement plates (56).

6. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water dividing member (6) is fixedly installed between the two first collection boxes (28); the water dividing member (6) is bent with its tip facing upwards.

7. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The four surfaces around the first water pool (21) are all inclined, and a photovoltaic panel (22) is fixedly mounted thereon. The power storage device of the photovoltaic panel (22) is electrically connected to the dual-axis motor (24), the servo motor (32), the first electric push rod (4) and the second electric push rod (53).

8. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first collection box (28) and the second collection box (35) are provided with an optical detection system, a rainfall sensing system, and a data storage and data transmission system.

9. The surface runoff sediment collection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom of the inner cavity of the first collection box (28) is in the shape of a slope, and the first water outlet (211) is located at the bottom of the slope. The sealing member (41) is in the shape of a triangle, and a sealing skirt is arranged around the sealing member.

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