Analysis method for water pressure characteristics of upstream gallery of water delivery valve

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of ship locks, in particular to a method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of a before-valve gallery of a water delivery valve, which comprises the following steps of: constructing a model through a similarity principle, carrying out two-way pressure bearing through a flat plate type valve, arranging a pressure sensor on the model and detecting sections which are arranged according to 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times of the height of a before-valve horizontal gallery section, and non-constant flowing water characteristics and cavitation characteristics during operation of the valve are detected, and the optimal length of the horizontal gallery section in front of the valve is comprehensively selected based on a detection analysis result and construction cost to correct the original design, so that the water flow in front of the valve is regulated smoothly, the flow velocity distribution is uniform, and the impact on the valve is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of ship locks, and particularly to a method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the pre-valve corridor of a water conveyance valve. Background Art

[0002] A ship lock is a device used to allow ships to pass between rivers or canals with different water levels. Its working principle is similar to a water-filled gate. By controlling the water flow, the position of the ship is raised or lowered so that it can safely move from one water level to another. When adjusting the water level in the ship lock, water is conveyed into the ship lock (raising the water level) or discharged (lowering the water level).

[0003] The water conveyance valve is one of the key components for controlling the water flow in a ship lock. During the operation of the ship lock, the function of the water conveyance valve is to allow water to flow into or out of the lock chamber when the water level in the lock chamber needs to be adjusted.

[0004] During the water filling and discharging process of the ship lock, the water flow has various turns and changes in direction in the corridor, resulting in uneven water flow. Especially if the water flow is uneven in front of the valve, the impact force of the water flow is large and acts on the valve, which is likely to reduce the service life of the valve or cause damage to the valve. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the water pressure characteristics of the pre-valve corridor. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the pre-valve corridor of a water conveyance valve in view of the problem that the existing water conveyance valve is one of the key components for controlling the water flow in a ship lock. During the water filling and discharging process of the ship lock, the water flow has various turns and changes in direction in the corridor, resulting in uneven water flow. Especially if the water flow is uneven in front of the valve, the impact force of the water flow is large and acts on the valve, which is likely to reduce the service life of the valve or cause damage to the valve.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the pre-valve corridor of a water conveyance valve, including the following steps:

[0008] Construct a physical model of the water conveyance valve. The model includes a water-saving pool, an upstream connecting corridor, a connecting valve test working section, a downstream connecting corridor, and a lock chamber connected in sequence. The connecting valve test working section includes a gooseneck pipe turning section, a pre-valve corridor, a valve, and a post-valve corridor. The model adopts geometric boundary similarity of the valve working section, valve movement similarity, similarity of the inertial conversion length of the pre- and post-valve corridors, similarity of the water flow resistance before and after the valve, and adjustable system resistance coefficient;

[0009] Determine the scale of the non-steady flow atmospheric pressure model for the valve hydraulics. The valve adopts a flat plate valve with double-sided water stop and can withstand bidirectional water heads. Several pressure sensors are installed in the test section of the connected valve.

[0010] Conduct an analysis of the water pressure characteristics in the forebay corridor under the water filling condition. Taking the height of the horizontal forebay corridor section in front of the valve as the reference, at lengths of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal forebay corridor section and with the valve as the initial position, set detection sections on the horizontal forebay corridor section in front of the valve. Pressure sensors are installed at the top and bottom of the detection sections respectively. Modify the length of the original designed horizontal forebay corridor section in front of the valve so that the length of the horizontal forebay corridor section in front of the valve meets at least 2 times the height of the horizontal forebay corridor section. Based on the analysis results of the water pressure characteristics in the forebay corridor and the construction cost, select the length of the horizontal forebay corridor section in front of the valve to be 2 times the height of the horizontal forebay corridor section.

[0011] Adopt the method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics in the forebay corridor of a water conveyance valve described in the present invention. Construct a model through the similarity principle, achieve bidirectional pressure bearing through a flat plate valve, set pressure sensors on the model and detection sections set at lengths of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal forebay corridor section, detect the non-steady flow water characteristics and cavitation characteristics during the operation of the valve, and comprehensively select the optimal length of the horizontal forebay corridor section based on the detection and analysis results and the construction cost to modify the original design, so as to smooth the water flow in front of the valve, make the velocity distribution uniform, and reduce the impact on the valve.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, conduct an analysis of the water pressure characteristics in the forebay corridor under the water discharging condition. The water flow direction under the water discharging condition is opposite to that under the water filling condition, and the rear bay corridor serves as the forebay corridor under the water discharging condition.

[0013] Taking the height of the horizontal rear bay corridor section as the reference, at lengths of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal rear bay corridor section and with the valve as the initial position, set detection sections on the horizontal rear bay corridor section. Pressure sensors are installed at the top and bottom of the detection sections respectively.

[0014] In this way, through the detection sections and pressure sensors set at lengths of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal rear bay corridor section corresponding to the water discharging condition on the horizontal rear bay corridor section behind the valve, detect the non-steady flow water characteristics and cavitation characteristics during the operation of the valve.

[0015] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the model test, use pressure sensors and tension-compression sensors to measure the non-steady flow pressure in the corridor and the characteristics of the valve opening and closing force respectively, and use a dynamic signal test and analysis system to complete the acquisition and analysis processing of the non-steady flow signals of the pressure in the corridor sections before and after the valve, the water levels in the lock chamber and the surge tank, and the valve opening and closing force.

[0016] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, a No. 1 pressure sensor is arranged at the inner turning midpoint of the top surface midline of the turning section of the gooseneck pipe, and No. 15, No. 16, No. 17, and No. 18 pressure sensors are successively arranged at the outer turning of the bottom surface midline of the turning section of the gooseneck pipe. No. 2, No. 3, No. 4, and No. 5 pressure sensors are successively arranged at the top surface midline of the valve front corridor section, and No. 19, No. 20, No. 21, and No. 22 pressure sensors are successively arranged at the bottom surface midline of the valve front corridor section. No. 40, No. 41, and No. 42 pressure sensors are successively arranged from bottom to top on the vertical midline of the main valve, and close to the side of the water storage tank. No. 43, No. 44, and No. 45 pressure sensors are successively arranged from bottom to top on the vertical midline of the standby valve, and close to the side of the water storage tank. No. 6 and No. 23 pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the top surface midline and the bottom surface midline of the corridor between the main valve and the standby valve. No. 7 and No. 24 pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the top surface midline and the bottom surface midline of the corridor behind the standby valve. In the valve rear Y-shaped branch corridor section, the inner side wall is short and the outer side wall is long. No. 8, No. 9, No. 10, No. 11, No. 12, No. 13, and No. 14 pressure sensors are successively arranged at the top surface midline, and No. 25, No. 26, No. 27, No. 28, No. 29, No. 30, and No. 31 pressure sensors are successively arranged at the bottom surface midline. No. 32, No. 33, No. 34, No. 35, and No. 36 pressure sensors are successively arranged on the outer side wall, and No. 37, No. 38, and No. 39 pressure sensors are successively arranged on the inner side wall. Among them, the positions of No. 8, No. 25, No. 32, and No. 37 pressure sensors correspond, the positions of No. 10, No. 27, No. 33, and No. 38 pressure sensors correspond, the positions of No. 12, No. 29, No. 34, and No. 39 pressure sensors correspond, the positions of No. 13, No. 30, and No. 35 pressure sensors correspond, and the positions of No. 14, No. 31, and No. 36 pressure sensors correspond. A No. 46 tension and compression sensor is arranged on the suspension rod of the main valve, and a No. 47 tension and compression sensor is arranged on the suspension rod of the standby valve.

[0017] In this way, by arranging pressure sensors on the top surface and the bottom surface of each section in the test working section of the connecting valve, and arranging pressure sensors on the side walls of the sections with complex shapes, the water pressure of each section and each time node is accurately measured, and then the pressure change process line is calculated and drawn for the analysis of the water pressure characteristics of the corridor.

[0018] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, when constructing the physical model of the water conveyance valve, the connecting valve of the water storage tank under the most unfavorable working condition is taken as the research object, and the model test range is determined.

[0019] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, a first guide wheel is installed in the gate slot of the flat valve in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, and a second guide wheel is installed in the direction along the water flow.

[0020] In this way, the first guide wheel and the second guide wheel provide support for the flat valve, so that the flat valve can bear pressure in both directions.

[0021] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, a main valve is provided in the connecting valve test working section. First guide wheels are respectively provided at the top and bottom on both sides of the main valve, and a plurality of second guide wheels are provided between the first guide wheels at the top and bottom.

[0022] As a further preferred technical solution of the present invention, a standby valve is provided in the connecting valve test working section. The main valve is located on the side of the water storage pool, and the standby valve is located on the side of the lock chamber.

[0023] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the ship lock adopts a three - level water storage pool layout. The water storage pools are all arranged on one side of the lock chamber. Among them, the first - level and third - level water storage pools are overlapped, the second - level water storage pool is arranged separately, and the initial submergence depth of the connecting valve of the third - level water storage pool is the smallest during water filling, and the working conditions are the worst. The connecting valve of the third - level water storage pool is used as the research object.

[0024] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, determine the scale ratio λ of the non - steady flow atmospheric pressure model of the valve hydraulics L After that, calculate the scale ratios of each physical quantity. Among them, the time scale ratio λ t =λ L 1 / 2 , the velocity scale ratio λ v =λ L 1 / 2 , the flow rate scale ratio λ Q =λ L 5 / 2 , the pressure scale ratio λ P =λ L , the force scale ratio λ F =λ L 3 .

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the water storage pool and the lock chamber are simulated by a steel plate reservoir, the upstream connecting corridor is simulated by a steel box, and the connecting valve test working section is made of plexiglass for simulation to observe the water flow pattern.

[0026] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, based on the hydraulic parameters of the valve three - dimensional digital model or the hydraulic parameters of the overall model of the ship lock water conveyance system, the resistance of the valve model is corrected by adjusting the opening of the resistance regulating valve in the downstream water conveyance corridor.

[0027] In the second aspect, the present invention also provides a water conveyance valve model, which is optimized and constructed by using the analysis method for the water pressure characteristics of the pre - valve corridor of the water conveyance valve as described in any one of the above.

[0028] To sum up, due to the adoption of the above - mentioned technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0029] A method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the pre-valve corridor of a water conveyance valve according to the present invention constructs a model through the similarity principle, has a flat valve withstand double-sided pressure, sets pressure sensors on the model and detection sections arranged at 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the pre-valve horizontal corridor section, detects the non-steady flow water characteristics and cavitation characteristics during valve operation, and comprehensively selects the optimal length of the pre-valve horizontal corridor section based on the detection and analysis results and construction costs to correct the original design, so that the pre-valve water flow is smoothed, the flow velocity distribution is uniform, and the impact on the valve is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the test range of the water conveyance valve model in the lock system;

[0031] Figure 2 FIG. is a three-dimensional structure schematic diagram of the water conveyance valve model;

[0032] Figure 3 FIG. is a two-dimensional elevation schematic diagram of the water conveyance valve model;

[0033] Figure 4 FIG. is a two-dimensional plan schematic diagram of the water conveyance valve model;

[0034] Figure 5 is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of a partial structure in

[0035] Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the test physical object of the water conveyance valve model Figure 1 ;

[0036] Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the test physical object of the water conveyance valve model Figure 2 ;

[0037] Figure 8 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the structure of the main valve;

[0038] Figure 9 is Figure 8 a sectional view taken along the A-A direction in

[0039] Figure 10 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the test physical object of the main valve;

[0040] Figure 11 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the measuring point layout of the water conveyance valve model;

[0041] Figure 12 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the pressure change process line at the turning section of the pre-valve gooseneck pipe in the water filling state;

[0042] Figure 13 FIG. is a schematic diagram of the pressure change process line of the horizontal corridor at 2 times the corridor height in front of the valve in the water filling state;

[0043] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery pressure variation process line at 1.5 times the gallery height in front of the valve in the water filling state;

[0044] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery pressure variation process line at 1 times the gallery height in front of the valve in the water filling state;

[0045] Figure 16 Schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery pressure variation process line at 0.5 times the gallery height in front of the valve in the water filling state;

[0046] Figure 17 Optimization schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery in front of the valve in the water filling state;

[0047] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery pressure variation process line at 0.5 times the gallery height in front of the valve in the water discharging state;

[0048] Figure 19 Schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery pressure variation process line at 1 times the gallery height in front of the valve in the water discharging state;

[0049] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the horizontal gallery pressure variation process line at 2.5 times the gallery height in front of the valve in the water discharging state.

[0050] Markings in the figure:

[0051] 1 - Third - level water storage tank;

[0052] 2 - Upstream connection gallery;

[0053] 3 - Third - level connection valve test working section, 31 - Main valve, 311 - First guide wheel, 312 - Second guide wheel, 32 - Spare valve;

[0054] 4 - Downstream connection gallery;

[0055] 5 - Lock chamber. Specific implementation manners

[0056] The present invention will be further described in detail below in combination with test examples and specific implementation manners. However, it should not be understood that the scope of the above - mentioned subject matter of the present invention is limited to the following embodiments. All technologies implemented based on the content of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

[0057] Unless otherwise specified, in the description of the specific embodiments of the present invention, the expression terms indicating the orientation or positional relationship such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "center", "inner", "outer", etc. are all based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship when the invention product / device / equipment is usually used and placed. These terms of orientation or positional relationship are only for the convenience of describing the solution of the present invention or simplifying the description in the specific embodiments, so as to facilitate technicians to quickly understand the solution, rather than indicating or implying that a specific device / component / element must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific positional relationship. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.

[0058] In addition, when terms such as "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel" appear, it does not mean that the corresponding device / component / element is required to be absolutely horizontal or vertical or hanging or parallel, but can be slightly inclined or have a deviation. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined. Or, it can be simply understood that the corresponding device / component / element is arranged in the directions of "horizontal", "vertical", "hanging", "parallel", etc., and can have an error / deviation of ±10% relative to the corresponding direction setting, more preferably within ±8%, more preferably within ±6%, more preferably within ±5%, more preferably within ±4%. As long as the corresponding device / component / element is within the error / deviation range, it can still achieve its function in the solution of the present invention.

[0059] In addition, when expressions such as "first", "second", "third", etc. appear in the terms, they are only used to distinguish the description of the same or similar components, and should not be understood as emphasizing or implying the relative importance of a specific component.

[0060] In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present invention, "several", "multiple", "a number of" represent at least 2. It can be any situation such as 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, etc., and even can be more than 9.

[0061] In addition, in the description of the technical solution of the present invention, unless otherwise clearly specified / defined / restricted, where terms such as "set", "installed", "connected", "connected", "provided with", "laid", "arranged" appear, they should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection. It can be connection means commonly used in the art such as welding, riveting, bolting, threaded connection, etc. This connection can be a mechanical connection, an electrical connection or a communication connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be the communication inside two elements.

[0062] In the related art, the water conveyance valve is one of the key components for controlling water flow in a ship lock. During the water filling and discharging process of the ship lock, the water flow has various turns and changes in direction in the corridor, resulting in uneven water flow. Especially if the water flow is uneven in front of the valve, the impact force of the water flow is large and acts on the valve, which is likely to reduce the service life of the valve or cause damage to the valve. Therefore, the technical solution of this application is developed. The following will be described in conjunction with Figures 1 to 20 for elaboration.

[0063] Embodiment 1

[0064] As Figure 1 shown, a method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the corridor in front of the valve of a water conveyance valve according to the present invention includes the following steps:

[0065] A certain double-line ship lock adopts a three-stage water-saving pool layout. The water-saving pools are all arranged on one side of the lock chamber. Among them, the first-stage and third-stage water-saving pools are overlapped, and the second-stage water-saving pool is arranged separately. The water area of each water-saving pool in the ship lock is larger than that of the lock chamber, and the water-saving rate is high. According to the design water level data, the first-stage water-saving pool adapts to the water level change of 49.15 - 57.76m, the second-stage water-saving pool has a water level change of 44.10 - 51.88m, and the third-stage water-saving pool has a water level change of 39.05 - 46.00m. When the ship lock operates in a water-saving mode, the initial water heads of each water conveyance valve are equal. The connecting valve of the third-stage water-saving pool has the smallest initial submerged depth during water filling, and the working conditions are the worst. Therefore, the connecting valve of the third-stage water-saving pool is used as the research object to carry out the research on the hydrodynamics problems of the water conveyance valve. In the actual project, the water-saving pool enters the lock chamber through two water inlets. The test simulates one of the water inlets and its downstream flow path, as Figure 1 shown.

[0066] As Figure 2 shown, the main components of the model include a three-stage water-saving pool 1, an upstream connecting corridor 2, a three-stage connecting valve test working section 3, a downstream connecting corridor 4, and a lock chamber 5, which are connected in sequence. The model satisfies the geometric boundary similarity of the valve working section, the valve movement similarity, the inertial conversion length similarity of the corridors in front of and behind the valve, the water flow resistance similarity in front of and behind the valve, and the adjustable system resistance coefficient.

[0067] According to the basic design parameters of the ship lock and the on-site conditions of the test hall, the scale of the non-steady flow and normal pressure model of the water conveyance valve is determined. In this embodiment, the scale is 1:13.35. The overall layout of the model is as Figures 3 to 5 shown. The design of the water conveyance valve model satisfies the gravity similarity criterion. The relationship between the scale of each physical quantity and the geometric scale is as follows:

[0068]

[0069] The third-level water-saving pool 1 and the sluice chamber 5 are simulated by a steel plate reservoir. The model area is obtained by scale conversion as half of the prototype area. The area ratio of the third-level water-saving pool 1 to the sluice chamber 5 is 1.4:1.0. In order to accurately reflect the incoming flow conditions and the water flow characteristics in the valve area, the area from the water inlet to the first-level diversion port of the model is geometrically similar to the prototype, and the upstream connecting corridor 2 is simulated by a steel box; the three-level connected valve test section 3 includes a gooseneck pipe turning section, a pre-valve corridor section, a valve well, a maintenance valve well, and a post-valve corridor section, all made of plexiglass material to observe the water flow pattern, such as Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown. A main valve 31 is provided in the valve well, and a standby valve 32 is provided in the maintenance valve well, as Figure 5 shown; the downstream connecting corridor 4 includes a four-way section and a steel pipe section. The four-way section is used to connect the steel pipe section to the valve sections of the first-level water-saving pool, the second-level water-saving pool, and the third-level water-saving pool 1, and the ports connecting the valve sections of the first-level water-saving pool and the second-level water-saving pool are blocked; the top of the gooseneck pipe turning section is connected to the bottom of the upstream connecting corridor 2, the post-valve corridor section is connected to the four-way section of the downstream connecting corridor 4, and the steel pipe section of the downstream connecting corridor 4 is connected to the sluice chamber 5.

[0070] Both the main valve 31 and the standby valve 32 are made of red plexiglass. The valve is a flat valve, and the valve is geometrically similar to the prototype. A first guide wheel 311 is installed in the gate slot in the direction perpendicular to the water flow, and a second guide wheel 312 is installed in the direction along the water flow, as Figures 8 to 10 shown. The valve weighs 38.5 kg, and the converted prototype gravity is 897.7 kN. The valve model opening and closing rod is made of stainless steel pipe.

[0071] Both the main valve 31 and the standby valve 32 adopt double-sided water stop and can withstand bidirectional water heads. Under normal circumstances, the standby valve 32 is fully open and used as a maintenance gate, and the main valve 31 undertakes the functions of filling and discharging water. In case of a failure of the main valve 31, the standby valve 32 undertakes the functions of filling and discharging water. The main valve 31 is located on the side of the water-saving pool, and the standby valve 32 is located on the side of the sluice chamber 5.

[0072] In order to ensure that the valve opening and closing characteristics are similar to the prototype, a stepper motor is used in the model to control the opening and closing of the valve, and a special valve opening and closing automatic control system is developed, which can adjust the valve stroke, opening and closing speed, and acceleration.

[0073] In the atmospheric pressure model test, high-precision pulsating pressure sensors and tension and compression sensors are used to measure the unsteady flow pressure in the corridor and the valve opening and closing force characteristics respectively. A dynamic signal test and analysis system is used to complete the acquisition and analysis of the unsteady flow signals of the pressure in the corridor sections before and after the valve, the water levels in the sluice chamber and the water-saving pool, and the valve opening and closing force.

[0074] To obtain the pressure distribution characteristics of the valve section corridor, a total of 47 pulsating pressure sensors were arranged at the top of the valve section corridor, the bottom of the corridor, the turning section of the gooseneck pipe, the maintenance gate slot and other locations. Measuring points were arranged along the top, bottom of the upstream / downstream corridors of the water conveyance valve and the inner edge of the valve gate slot. In addition, pressure sensors were also installed in the bifurcated pipe section behind the valve to assist in judging the flow uniformity of the bifurcated pipe section, such as Figure 11 shown.

[0075] Among them, a #1 pressure sensor was set at the inner turning midpoint of the top surface center line of the gooseneck pipe turning section, and #15, #16, #17, and #18 pressure sensors were successively set at the outer turning of the bottom surface center line of the gooseneck pipe turning section. #2, #3, #4, and #5 pressure sensors were successively set on the top surface center line of the pre-valve corridor section, and #19, #20, #21, and #22 pressure sensors were successively set on the bottom surface center line of the pre-valve corridor section. #40, #41, and #42 pressure sensors were successively set from bottom to top on the vertical center line of the main valve 31, and close to the side of the water storage pool. #43, #44, and #45 pressure sensors were successively set from bottom to top on the vertical center line of the standby valve 32, and close to the side of the water storage pool. #6 and #23 pressure sensors were respectively installed on the top surface center line and the bottom surface center line of the corridor between the main valve 31 and the standby valve 32. #7 and #24 pressure sensors were respectively installed on the top surface center line and the bottom surface center line of the corridor behind the standby valve 32. In the Y-shaped branch corridor section behind the valve, the inner side wall is short and the outer side wall is long. #8, #9, #10, #11, #12, #13, and #14 pressure sensors were successively set on the top surface center line, and #25, #26, #27, #28, #29, #30, and #31 pressure sensors were successively set on the bottom surface center line. #32, #33, #34, #35, and #36 pressure sensors were successively installed on the outer side wall, and #37, #38, and #39 pressure sensors were successively installed on the inner side wall. Among them, the positions of #8, #25, #32, and #37 pressure sensors correspond, the positions of #10, #27, #33, and #38 pressure sensors correspond, the positions of #12, #29, #34, and #39 pressure sensors correspond, the positions of #13, #30, and #35 pressure sensors correspond, and the positions of #14, #31, and #36 pressure sensors correspond. In this way, by setting pressure sensors on the top and bottom surfaces of each section in the test working section of the connected valve, and on the side walls of the sections with complex shapes, the water pressure at each section and each time node is accurately measured, and then the pressure change process line is calculated and drawn for the analysis of the corridor water pressure characteristics.

[0076] The opening and closing force of the valve is measured by a high-precision tension and compression sensor, which is directly connected to the suspension rod. A #46 tension and compression sensor is set on the suspension rod of the main valve 31, and a #47 tension and compression sensor is set on the suspension rod of the standby valve 32.

[0077] Based on the hydraulic parameters of the three-dimensional digital model of the valve or the hydraulic parameters of the overall model of the ship lock water conveyance system, the resistance of the valve hydraulic normal pressure model is corrected by adjusting the opening of the resistance regulating valve in the downstream water conveyance corridor.

[0078] When the ship lock operates normally, the control condition is the maximum design head condition. At this time, the upstream water level is 63.58m, the downstream water level is 34.00m, and the working head is 29.58m. Therefore, this embodiment mainly conducts research on this water level combination, and the test object is the three-stage connected valve.

[0079] According to the design operation conditions, the water-saving operation process of the ship lock under the maximum design head condition and the water level changes of the lock chamber 5 and the water-saving pool at each stage are shown in Table 1.

[0080] Table 1. Water level classification table of this ship lock (maximum design head)

[0081]

[0082]

[0083] It can be seen from the table that when the three-stage water-saving pool 1 fills water into the lock chamber 5 through the three-stage connected valve, the initial water level of the three-stage water-saving pool 1 is 44.76m, the initial water level of the lock chamber 5 is 34m, the initial working head of the valve is 10.76m, and the initial submerged depth behind the valve is 14.5m; when the lock chamber 5 discharges water into the three-stage water-saving pool 1 through the three-stage connected valve, the initial water level of the lock chamber 5 is 51.04m, the initial water level of the three-stage water-saving pool 1 is 40.28m, the initial working head of the valve is 10.76m, and the initial submerged depth behind the valve is 20.78m.

[0084] When the connected valve is filling water, the water in the water-saving pool flows into the shaft from the inlet, then flows through the goose-neck pipe turning section to the horizontal straight corridor, then through the valve to the straight section, then connects to the Y-shaped branch corridor section, and finally fills into the lock chamber 5 through the cooperation of turning and reversing at each stage of the diversion port.

[0085] If the flow velocity in the turning section of the upstream goose-neck pipe of the water conveyance valve is too high, the water flow will separate from the side wall of the corridor and a low pressure will occur. Therefore, pressure sensors are arranged in the turning section of the goose-neck pipe in the model (the measuring point positions are as Figure 11 shown), and under the recommended valve opening method, the pressure change process line in the turning section of the goose-neck pipe is as Figure 12 shown. It can be seen from Figure 12 that the pressure changes of each measuring point in the turning section of the goose-neck pipe are gentle, and the pressure pulsation is small. Among them, the 1# measuring point (i.e., the inner turning point) is located at the water flow separation point and has the lowest pressure. The lowest pressure elevation of this measuring point during the valve opening process is 32.5m, the measuring point elevation is 20.5m, and the calculated pressure head is 12m water column.

[0086] In the original design scheme, the length of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve is relatively small, and the turning section of the gooseneck tube is close to the valve. When filling water into the lock chamber 5, the water flow enters the upstream connecting corridor 2 from the three-stage water-saving pool 1, and then changes from vertical to horizontal unevenly in the three-stage connecting valve test section 3, with a large impact force. The impact force acts on the valve, which is not conducive to the use of the valve. Therefore, in this embodiment, the length of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve is increased, and based on the height of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve, a 0.5-fold corridor height section, a 1-fold corridor height section, a 1.5-fold corridor height section, and a 2-fold corridor height section are sequentially arranged from the valve towards the turning section of the gooseneck tube. Pressure sensors No. 5 and No. 22 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the corridor at the 0.5-fold corridor height section, pressure sensors No. 4 and No. 21 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the corridor at the 1-fold corridor height section, pressure sensors No. 3 and No. 20 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the corridor at the 1.5-fold corridor height section, and pressure sensors No. 2 and No. 19 are respectively arranged on the top and bottom surfaces of the corridor at the 2-fold corridor height section.

[0087] As Figures 13 to 16 shown, the water filling test results show that the pressure correlation between the top and bottom surfaces of the corridor at the 2-fold corridor height section in front of the valve is poor, indicating uneven flow velocity distribution; the measured point pressure change process lines at the 1.5-fold corridor height section in front of the valve basically coincide, indicating that the flow velocity and pressure distribution in the horizontal corridor in front of the valve are uniform and the flow pattern is good; the sections within the 1-fold corridor height in front of the valve are close to the outflow section of the valve. During the process of opening the valve, the pressure at the measured point at the bottom of the corridor is lower than that at the top of the corridor affected by the flow velocity. When the valve is fully open, the flow velocity distribution in the valve section corridor is uniform, so the pressure elevations of the top and bottom surfaces of the corridor tend to be consistent again.

[0088] The water filling test shows that the length of the horizontal corridor section at the 2-fold corridor height in front of the valve is necessary and appropriate, which can not only meet the requirement of adjusting the flow pattern in front of the valve, but also reduce the project cost. As Figure 17 shown, according to the test results, the length of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve in the original design scheme is increased to 2-fold corridor height, and the dots in the figure represent the lowest pressure points.

[0089] When the connecting valve is discharging water, the water body in the lock chamber 5 enters the main corridor of the lock wall after passing through each stage of the diversion ports and cooperating with turning and reversing, then flows through the Y-shaped branch corridor section, enters the straight section, then flows through the valve to the horizontal corridor section, and finally flows through the turning section of the gooseneck tube to the vertical corridor, and then enters the water-saving pool.

[0090] It can be seen that the water flow directions of discharging water and filling water are opposite. Therefore, the front of the valve during discharging water is actually the back of the valve during filling water.

[0091] The test obtained the pressure elevation change process lines at the top and bottom of the galleries at each cross-section in front of the valve. The measuring points at typical cross-sections include: pressure sensors #6 and #23 are respectively set on the top and bottom surfaces of the gallery at the cross-section of 0.5 times the gallery height, pressure sensors #7 and #24 are respectively set on the top and bottom surfaces of the gallery at the cross-section of 1 times the gallery height, and pressure sensors #9 and #26 are respectively set on the top and bottom surfaces of the gallery at the cross-section of 2.5 times the gallery height.

[0092] As Figures 18 to 20 shown, the results of the water discharge test show that the pressure change process lines at the measuring points at the cross-section of 2.5 times the gallery height in front of the valve are basically coincident, indicating that the flow velocity and pressure distribution in the horizontal gallery in front of the valve are uniform and the flow pattern is good; there are slight differences in the pressure change process lines at the measuring points at the cross-section of 1.0 times the gallery height in front of the valve; the cross-section of 0.5 times the gallery height in front of the valve is close to the valve outlet. During the opening process, the measuring point at the bottom of the gallery is affected by the flow velocity and the pressure is lower than that at the top of the gallery. When the valve is fully open, the flow velocity distribution in the valve section gallery tends to be uniform, and at this time, the pressure elevations of the top and bottom surfaces of the gallery tend to be the same again.

[0093] The test shows that the pressure and flow velocity distribution in the gallery in front of the valve are uniform and the flow pattern is smooth.

[0094] The method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the gallery in front of the valve of a water conveyance valve described in this embodiment constructs a model through the similarity principle, has a flat valve with two-way pressure bearing, sets pressure sensors on the model and detection cross-sections set according to the heights of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal gallery section in front of the valve, and detection cross-sections and pressure sensors set according to the heights of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal gallery section behind the valve corresponding to the water discharge condition. It detects the non-steady flow water characteristics and cavitation characteristics during the operation of the valve, and comprehensively selects the optimal length of the horizontal gallery section in front of the valve based on the detection and analysis results and construction costs to correct the original design, so that the water flow in front of the valve is smoothed, the flow velocity distribution is uniform, and the impact on the valve is reduced.

[0095] Embodiment 2

[0096] As Figures 1 to 20 shown, a water conveyance valve model described in the present invention is optimized and constructed by using the method for analyzing the water pressure characteristics of the gallery in front of the valve of the water conveyance valve described in Embodiment 1.

[0097] In some alternative embodiments, through the analysis of the water pressure characteristics of the gallery in front of the valve under the water filling condition, the horizontal gallery section in front of the valve and / or the elbow turning section can be corrected to smooth the water flow state or reduce the resistance to the water flow.

[0098] In some alternative embodiments, through the analysis of the water pressure characteristics of the gallery in front of the valve under the water discharge condition, the Y-shaped branch gallery section and / or the horizontal gallery section behind the valve can be corrected to smooth the water flow state or reduce the resistance to the water flow.

[0099] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of a front corridor of a water delivery valve, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: A physical model of a water delivery valve is constructed. The model includes a water saving tank, an upstream connecting corridor (2), a connecting valve test working section, a downstream connecting corridor (4), and a gate chamber (5) connected in sequence. The connecting valve test working section includes a gooseneck pipe turning section, a corridor in front of the valve, a valve, and a corridor behind the valve. The model adopts similar geometric boundaries of the valve working section, similar valve movements, similar inertia conversion lengths of the corridors before and after the valve, similar water flow resistance before and after the valve, and an adjustable system resistance coefficient. Determine the scale of the valve hydraulics non-constant flow constant pressure model. The valve adopts a flat valve with double-sided water stop and can withstand bidirectional water head. Several pressure sensors are set in the test working section of the connected valve. The water pressure characteristics of the corridor in front of the valve under the water filling condition are analyzed. Taking the height of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve as the benchmark, a detection section is set on the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve according to the length of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve and the valve as the initial position. Pressure sensors are respectively provided on the top and bottom of the detection section. The original design length of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve is modified to make the length of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve meet at least 2 times the height of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve. Considering the analysis results of the water pressure characteristics of the corridor in front of the valve and the construction cost, the length of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve is selected as 2 times the height of the horizontal corridor section in front of the valve.

2. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of the front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water pressure characteristics of the corridor before the valve under the discharge condition are analyzed. The water flow direction of the discharge condition is opposite to that of the filling condition. The corridor after the valve is used as the corridor before the valve under the discharge condition. Taking the height of the horizontal gallery section behind the valve as a reference, a detection section is set on the horizontal gallery section behind the valve according to the length of 0.5, 1, 1.5, 2... times the height of the horizontal gallery section behind the valve and the valve as the initial position. Pressure sensors are respectively provided at the top and bottom of the detection section.

3. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of the front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: In the model test, pressure sensors and tension and compression sensors are used to measure the non-constant flow pressure of the corridor and the valve opening and closing force characteristics respectively, and a dynamic signal test and analysis system is used to complete the collection and analysis of the pressure of the corridor section before and after the valve, the water level of the gate chamber (5) and the water-saving pool, and the non-constant flow signal of the valve opening and closing force.

4. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of the front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 3, characterized in that: A 1# pressure sensor is arranged at the inner turning midpoint of the top centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 15#, 16#, 17#, 18# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence at the outer turning of the bottom centerline of the gooseneck turning section, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the top centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, 19#, 20#, 21#, 22# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence on the bottom centerline of the corridor section in front of the valve, and 40#, 41#, 42# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence from bottom to top on the vertical centerline of the main valve (31). #, 42# pressure sensors are arranged on the middle line of the spare valve (32) from bottom to top, and near the side of the water-saving tank, 43#, 44#, 45# pressure sensors are arranged in sequence, and near the side of the water-saving tank, 6# and 23# pressure sensors are arranged on the middle line of the top and bottom of the corridor between the main valve (31) and the spare valve (32), 7# and 24# pressure sensors are arranged on the middle line of the top and bottom of the corridor behind the spare valve (32), and a Y-shaped branch corridor behind the valve is arranged. The track section has a short inner wall and a long outer wall. Pressure sensors 8#, 9#, 10#, 11#, 12#, 13#, and 14# are arranged in sequence on the center line of the top surface. Pressure sensors 25#, 26#, 27#, 28#, 29#, 30#, and 31# are arranged in sequence on the center line of the bottom surface. Pressure sensors 32#, 33#, 34#, 35#, and 36# are arranged in sequence on the outer wall. Pressure sensors 37#, 38#, and 39# are arranged in sequence on the inner wall. The positions of the #, 32#, and 37# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 10#, 27#, 33#, and 38# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 12#, 29#, 34#, and 39# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 13#, 30#, and 35# pressure sensors correspond to each other; the positions of the 14#, 31#, and 36# pressure sensors correspond to each other; a 46# tension and compression sensor is arranged on the suspension rod of the main valve (31); a 47# tension and compression sensor is arranged on the suspension rod of the standby valve (32).

5. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of the front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: When constructing the physical model of the water delivery valve, the connecting valve of the water-saving tank under the most unfavorable working condition is taken as the research object, and the scope of the model test is determined.

6. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of the front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first guide wheel (311) is installed in the gate groove of the flat valve in a direction perpendicular to the water flow, and a second guide wheel (312) is installed in the direction along the water flow.

7. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of the front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting valve test working section is provided with a main valve (31), the top and bottom ends of both sides of the main valve (31) are respectively provided with first guide wheels (311), and a plurality of second guide wheels (312) are provided between the first guide wheels (311) at the top and bottom ends.

8. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of a front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ship lock adopts a three-level water-saving tank arrangement, and the water-saving tanks are all arranged on one side of the lock chamber. The first and third level water-saving tanks are arranged overlappingly, and the second level water-saving tank is arranged separately. The connecting valve of the third level water-saving tank has the smallest initial submergence depth when filled with water and the worst working conditions. The connecting valve of the third level water-saving tank is taken as the research object.

9. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of a front corridor of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: Determine the scale λ of the valve hydraulics non-steady flow constant pressure model L After that, the scales of various physical quantities are calculated, among which the time scale λ t =λ L 1 / 2 , velocity scale λ v =λ L 1 / 2 , flow rate scale λ Q =λ L 5 / 2 , pressure scale λ P =λ L , force scale λ F =λ L 3 .

10. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of a front gallery of a water delivery valve according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water-saving pool and the lock chamber (5) are simulated by steel plate reservoirs, the upstream connecting corridor (2) is simulated by a steel box, and the connecting valve test working section is simulated by organic glass.

11. The method for analyzing water pressure characteristics of a front gallery of a water delivery valve according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The hydraulic parameters of the three-dimensional digital model of the valve or the hydraulic parameters of the overall model of the lock water delivery system are used as a reference, and the valve model resistance is corrected by adjusting the opening of the valve through the resistance of the downstream water delivery corridor.

12. A water delivery valve model, characterized in that: The optimization construction is performed using the water pressure characteristic analysis method of the front corridor of the water delivery valve as described in any one of claims 1 to 11.

Images