Simulation evaluation optimization method for house building structure

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for evaluating and optimizing a house building structure, which comprises the following steps of: defining three parameters of swinging performance, gravity center stability and gravity center displacement, constructing a simulation three-dimensional model and a sample house, and correcting the simulation three-dimensional model according to the difference between the three parameters of the latter and the three parameters of the former under the action of seismic waves, so as to evaluate the house building structure. And forming a simulation three-dimensional model of the template house so as to construct a simulation three-dimensional model of any house type. And finally, calculating the absolute values of the percentage differences of the three parameters on the simulation three-dimensional model of the simulation three-dimensional model template under the action of the simulation seismic waves and the simulator seismic waves. And meanwhile, a multi-classification support vector machine is combined to classify the projections of the swing performance, gravity center stability and gravity center displacement data under the swing performance, gravity center stability and gravity center displacement coordinate systems, so that the design of overall evaluation and optimization of the building anti-seismic structure is realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a simulation evaluation optimization method for a building structure, and in particular to a method for simulation evaluation optimization through multi-parameter and multi-classification, and belongs to the field of building structure evaluation. Background Art

[0002] The existing technology obtains the seismic index by comparing the number of seismic structures with the standard number. This index does not take into account the seismic performance of the seismic structure itself, so this evaluation is not accurate. Although the simulation results can evaluate the seismic performance as a whole, they cannot optimize the seismic performance of the building itself. Therefore, how to further optimize the evaluation method in detail is an urgent problem to be solved. Summary of the invention

[0003] Based on the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a building structure evaluation optimization method, comprising the following steps: S1 constructs a three-dimensional simulation model of the building, adds earthquake-resistant structures to the model, and presets the number of earthquake-resistant structures; S2 generates simulated seismic waves of magnitude 1-9 on the model foundation, monitoring the longitudinal and lateral swing amplitudes of the highest point of each seismic structure, as well as the time-varying function of the center of gravity of each part of the seismic structure. , For time.

[0004] It is easy to understand that the purpose of the swing amplitude is to measure the elastic performance of the structure and to explore the degree of yield limit, and the purpose of the time-varying function is to describe the stability of the center of gravity of the structure and the degree of subsequent displacement.

[0005] S3 constructs displacement coordinate systems for shear waves and longitudinal waves to define the sway performance , and center of gravity stability , and calculate the displacement of the center of gravity at the end of the earthquake , where the parameter subscript and represent transverse waves and longitudinal waves respectively, is the earthquake magnitude, is the average sway amplitude between the beginning (defined as time zero) and the end of an earthquake of the corresponding magnitude, defined as the time-integrated average of the sway amplitude time-varying function, The end time of the earthquake. It is the moment of the lowest displacement of the center of gravity between the beginning and the end of the earthquake. If there are multiple such moments, select any corresponding time-varying function value of the motion and substitute it into the second calculation of the center of gravity stability.

[0006] From this, we can understand that the sway performance is to examine the yield performance of the overall seismic structure for earthquakes ranging from 1 to 9. Since the higher the magnitude, the greater the yield degree, the more it can test whether the structure is close to the yield limit, so the greater the weight assigned when doing weighted averaging. If the index is smaller, it means that the ability to yield the corresponding waveform is weak, the greater the rigidity, otherwise the greater the elasticity, and the actual ideal structure is a balance of rigidity and elasticity.

[0007] The center of gravity stability describes the overall area range of the center of gravity swing. The smaller the area range, the more stable it is. On the contrary, when it reaches the level of permanent deformation or collapse, the area exceeds the critical point. These two indicators are used to describe the seismic performance.

[0008] S4 presets the earthquake duration, collects the sway performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement data corresponding to levels 1-9 according to step S3, and builds a sample house at the same time, simulates the seismic wave with the same preset earthquake duration, and monitors according to S2 to calculate the sway performance , , Center of gravity stability , , Center of gravity displacement , get the difference , , , , ; S5 continuously optimizes the number of earthquake-resistant structures and mechanical parameters, and performs steps S2-S4 until the difference is within a threshold range, thereby obtaining a sample three-dimensional simulation model; S6 continues to carry out seismic wave action in the optimized three-dimensional simulation model, constructs a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of sway performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement, collects multiple sets of sway performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement data within the preset earthquake duration, and projects them in three sets of coordinate axis planes respectively, which are used to train the corresponding multi-classification support vector machine to realize the classification of data projection; S7 measures earthquakes and applies measured seismic wave data to the simulated 3D model to obtain measured sway performance , , Center of gravity stability , , Center of gravity displacement data , and act on the sample simulation 3D model at the same time to obtain the sample swing performance , , Center of gravity stability , , Center of gravity displacement data , get the absolute value of the difference percentage , , , , Based on the distribution of the absolute values of these percentage differences in the to-be-tested simulated 3D model, and the analysis of the classification of data projections by the multi-class support vector machine trained in S6, an improved solution for structural components and the design of building structures is generated.

[0009] Thus, it is no longer necessary to build a prototype house for testing and comparison. Instead, an optimized and comparable prototype simulated 3D model can be directly used as a standard to compare with the to-be-designed simulated 3D model to detect whether the design of the to-be-tested simulated 3D model is ideal.

[0010] Optionally, the simulated real corresponding seismic wave data is used for the seismic wave action of levels 1 - 9, and the preset seismic duration is 3s - 5min.

[0011] Optionally, multiple prototype houses with different house types are built. The prototype houses include villas, multi-story buildings, small high-rise buildings, high-rise buildings, and super high-rise buildings. Based on these prototype houses, the corresponding prototype simulated 3D models are obtained according to S4 and S5, and the simulated structures and building components in the corresponding prototype simulated 3D models are respectively obtained as the simulated building elements for constructing houses of any house type.

[0012] Preferably, the prototype house is a scaled-down house, and the reduction percentage is 80% - 50%.

[0013] It should be understood that building components include exterior wall bodies, interior walls, windows, beams, columns, floor slabs, and roofs. Due to different house types, when the area size, length, thickness, width, etc. of the simulated building elements change during simulation, their mechanical properties are updated according to the calculation of solid mechanics. Thus, it is not necessary to exhaustively build all mainstream house type prototypes to increase costs, and all house types can also be simulated.

[0014] Beneficial Effects By defining three parameters: swing performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement, the differences in the three parameters are carried out under the action of simulated seismic waves and simulator seismic waves on the 3D simulation model and the prototype house respectively, so as to correct the 3D simulation model into the 3D simulation model of the prototype house, which is used to construct the 3D simulation model of any house type. Thus, seismic waves act on the to-be-tested simulated 3D model, and the distribution of the values of its three parameters is predicted. Combining with the multi-class support vector machine, the classification of the swing performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement data projected in the swing performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement coordinate system is realized, and the overall evaluation and optimization of the design of the building seismic structure are achieved. Description of the Drawings

[0015] Figure 1 Diagram for explaining the definitions of swing performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the 3D simulation model, the prototype house, and their seismic action modes Figure 3Schematic diagram of data group projection in a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement. Detailed implementation mode

[0016] As Figure 1 shown, first, the definitions of sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement are described to better understand the present invention.

[0017] Taking longitudinal waves as an example, a certain outer facade of a building in the figure sways left and right under the action of longitudinal waves. The dotted line is the limit position of sway under the current earthquake magnitude, and the solid line is the normal position. The displacement of its highest point changes with time as a time-varying function of the sway amplitude and is represented in the upper right coordinate system.

[0018] To clearly distinguish the time integral, the function and the area enclosed below it are represented in different colors. Then, at the end of the earthquake , the area enclosed by the function is calculated , and is calculated. Similarly, for transverse waves, .

[0019] Similarly, for center-of-gravity stability, as shown in the lower right of the upper right coordinate system in the figure, , the second term , and the area enclosed by the second term are represented in three different colors. Among them, has two lowest points. Then . Similarly, for transverse waves, . The lower left figure shows the center-of-gravity displacement at the end of the earthquake, representing the displacement after the combined action of transverse waves and longitudinal waves after the earthquake from the above normal position.

[0020] Based on the above definitions, the method for evaluating and optimizing the building structure includes the following seven steps: As Figure 2 shown, S1 constructs a three-dimensional building simulation model, adds seismic structures to the model, and presets the preset quantity of seismic structures; a seismic simulation module is added to the bottom of the three-dimensional simulation model to apply simulated seismic waves to the three-dimensional simulation model.

[0021] S2 The seismic simulation module makes the model foundation generate simulated seismic waves from level 1 to level 9, monitors the longitudinal and transverse sway amplitudes of the highest points of each seismic structure, and the time-varying function of the movement of the center of gravity of each part of the seismic structure , where

[0022] Step S3 is to define the above-mentioned sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement, which will not be elaborated here.

[0023] In S4, a preset earthquake duration of 30 s is set, and the sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement data corresponding to earthquake intensities from 1 to 9 are collected according to step S3. At the same time ( Figure 2 ), a prototype house is built, and a simulated seismic wave with the same preset earthquake duration of 30 s is applied to it using a seismic simulator, and it is monitored according to S2 to calculate the sway performance , , center-of-gravity stability , , and center-of-gravity displacement to obtain the differences , , , , ; In S5, the number of seismic-resistant structures and mechanical parameters (including but not limited to the period ratio, displacement ratio, stiffness ratio, ratio of inter-story shear bearing capacity, stiffness-to-weight ratio, shear-to-weight ratio, yield limit, member internal force, chord rotation ductility coefficient, and sectional curvature ductility coefficient) are continuously optimized, and steps S3 - S4 are carried out until the differences are within the threshold range (< 1 - 5 numerical units) to obtain the three-dimensional simulation model of the prototype three, and this model is Figure 2 the optimization of the left figure after this step. That is to say, at this time, the three-dimensional simulation model of the building in S1 is upgraded to the optimized three-dimensional simulation model of the prototype three because it is close enough to the real data of the prototype house.

[0024] In S6, the seismic wave action is continued in the optimized three-dimensional simulation model, and a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement is constructed (as Figure 3 shown), and multiple groups of sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement data within the preset earthquake duration of 30 s are collected and projected onto the three coordinate axis planes respectively for training the corresponding multi-class support vector machine.

[0025] Figure 3 In [reference 39], three groups of data, namely A, B, and C, are given. Taking data group A as an example, in the three mutually orthogonal planes formed by the pairwise combination of the sway performance, center-of-gravity stability, and center-of-gravity displacement axes, projections A1 - A3 are formed. The figure shows the connection schematic of the projection directions of some data points.

[0026] Thus, a multi-class support vector machine is trained in each group of axis planes, and the data of the remaining groups are classified in the same projection axis plane. Taking the circumferential plane where projection A1 is located as an example, it is divided into three categories: strong sway performance (i.e., the sway performance value is more than twice the center of gravity stability value), strong center of gravity stability (i.e., the sway performance value is less than twice the center of gravity stability value), and balanced sway and center of gravity stability (the sway performance value is comparable to the center of gravity stability value, i.e., within 2 times (excluding)).

[0027] For the S7 measured earthquake, the measured seismic wave data are applied to the to-be-tested simulation 3D model to obtain the measured sway performance 、 、center of gravity stability 、 、center of gravity displacement data , and at the same time applied to the sample simulation 3D model to obtain the sample sway performance , 、center of gravity stability 、 、center of gravity displacement data , and the absolute value of the percentage difference is obtained , , , , , through the distribution of these absolute values of percentage differences in the to-be-tested simulation 3D model, and the classification of data projection by the multi-class support vector machine trained in S6, an improvement plan for the structural members and the designed building structure is analyzed and generated.

[0028] The specific improvement plan is to adjust the mechanical property parameters of the structural members in the region where the maximum absolute value of the percentage difference is located and its vicinity, and consider changing the mechanical property parameters of the corresponding structural members in other regions to change their classification.

Claims

1. A building structure evaluation and optimization method, characterized in that: The steps include: S1 constructs a three-dimensional simulation model of the building, adds earthquake-resistant structures to the model, and presets the number of earthquake-resistant structures; S2 generates simulated seismic waves of magnitude 1-9 on the model foundation, monitoring the longitudinal and lateral swing amplitudes of the highest point of each seismic structure, as well as the time-varying function of the center of gravity of each part of the seismic structure. , For time; S3 constructs displacement coordinate systems for shear waves and longitudinal waves to define the sway performance , and center of gravity stability , and calculate the displacement of the center of gravity at the end of the earthquake , where the parameter subscript and represent transverse waves and longitudinal waves respectively, is the earthquake magnitude, is the average swing amplitude between the beginning and end of an earthquake of the corresponding magnitude, defined as the time-varying function of the swing amplitude The time-integrated average value, The end time of the earthquake. is the moment of the lowest displacement of the center of gravity between the beginning and the end of the earthquake. If there are multiple such moments, select any corresponding time-varying function value of the motion and substitute it into the second calculation of the center of gravity stability; S4 presets the earthquake duration, collects the sway performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement data corresponding to levels 1-9 according to step S3, and builds a sample house at the same time, simulates the seismic wave with the same preset earthquake duration, and monitors according to S2 to calculate the sway performance , , Center of gravity stability , , Center of gravity displacement , get the difference , , , , ; S5 continuously optimizes the number of earthquake-resistant structures and mechanical parameters, and performs steps S2-S4 until the difference is within a threshold range, thereby obtaining a sample three-dimensional simulation model; S6 continues to carry out seismic wave action in the optimized three-dimensional simulation model, constructs a three-dimensional rectangular coordinate system of sway performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement, collects multiple sets of sway performance, center of gravity stability, and center of gravity displacement data within the preset earthquake duration, and projects them in three sets of coordinate axis planes respectively, which are used to train the corresponding multi-classification support vector machine to realize the classification of data projection; S7 measures earthquakes and applies measured seismic wave data to the simulated 3D model to obtain measured sway performance , , Center of gravity stability , , Center of gravity displacement data , and act on the sample simulation 3D model at the same time to obtain the sample swing performance , , Center of gravity stability , , Center of gravity displacement data , get the absolute value of the difference percentage , , , , , through the distribution of the absolute values ​​of these difference percentages in the simulated three-dimensional model to be tested, and the classification analysis of the data projection by the multi-classification support vector machine trained in S6, the improvement plan of structural parts and design of building structure is generated.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The 1-9 magnitude seismic wave effects use simulated real corresponding seismic wave data, and the preset earthquake duration is 3s-5min.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Build a plurality of sample houses of different apartment types, including villas, multi-story buildings, small high-rise buildings, high-rise buildings, and super high-rise buildings. Based on these sample houses, corresponding sample simulation three-dimensional models are obtained according to S4 and S5, and the simulation structures and building components in the corresponding sample simulation three-dimensional models are obtained respectively as the simulation building elements constituting any apartment type.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The model house is a scaled-down house, the reduction percentage is 80%-50%, and the threshold range is less than 1-5 numerical units.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that The mechanical parameters include but are not limited to period ratio, displacement ratio, stiffness ratio, interlayer shear bearing capacity ratio, stiffness-to-weight ratio, shear-to-weight ratio, yield limit, component internal force, chord rotation ductility coefficient, and section curvature ductility coefficient.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Let the model foundation produce simulated seismic waves from 1 to 9 The simulated earthquake waves with the same preset earthquake duration acting on the model house are carried out using an earthquake simulation module and an earthquake simulator respectively.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that The specific improvement plan is to adjust the mechanical performance parameters of the structural parts in the area where the absolute value of the difference percentage is the maximum and its vicinity, and consider changing the mechanical performance parameters of the corresponding structural parts in other areas to change their classification.

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