A real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of data processing technology and proposes a real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things. The method comprises: obtaining initial setting fluctuation differences based on the fluctuation difference relationship of strain values, obtaining stability trends based on the fluctuation stability trends of strain values; obtaining strain accuracy based on the initial setting fluctuation differences and stability trends; obtaining the formation start time based on changes in strain accuracy; obtaining the corresponding solidification time based on the differences in the formation start time; obtaining a risk index based on the persistence of the increase in strain values at the corresponding solidification time; and obtaining a real-time early warning result for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the risk index. The present invention uses the risk index to provide real-time early warnings for underground engineering construction safety risks, thereby improving the accuracy of the real-time early warning results and reducing the risks of underground engineering construction.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of data processing technology, and in particular to a real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things. Background Art

[0002] Underground engineering refers to various construction projects conducted below ground level, typically including tunnels, underground transportation systems, underground shopping malls, subways, underground pipelines, and underground storage facilities. Underground engineering projects require excavation, support, construction, and management, and involve complex geological conditions, hydrological environments, and spatial layouts. The construction of underground projects not only addresses technical challenges such as geotechnical mechanics and groundwater control, but also requires consideration of safety, environmental protection, ventilation, drainage, and other factors, resulting in high technical requirements and construction challenges.

[0003] During underground construction, geological conditions, improper construction practices, and failure of supporting structures can lead to the risk of ground collapse or wall collapse. These collapses can cause massive casualties, equipment damage, and project shutdowns, among other serious consequences. Risks primarily stem from unstable soil, groundwater infiltration, inadequate support systems, or design flaws. This is particularly true in challenging operating environments like deep foundation pits, tunnels, and mines, necessitating real-time early warning of underground construction safety risks.

[0004] During underground construction, to ensure the stability of the excavated structure, cast-in-place concrete structures are installed around or around the excavation to form a retaining structure to support the soil. To monitor the pressure on the concrete structure, a current approach involves installing concrete strain gauges on top of the concrete supports during concrete pouring. These strain gauges provide real-time monitoring and early warning of concrete pressure. Once the concrete is poured and the support structure successfully bears the collapse force, and the concrete strength develops fully, the concrete strain gauge readings gradually converge, eventually stabilizing within the design allowable range. This allows for real-time monitoring and early warning of the concrete pressure. However, before the concrete reaches full strength after pouring, the collapse force at the top of the tunnel is directly transmitted to the unhardened concrete structure. The concrete strain gauge readings cannot directly reflect the strain within the tunnel within the monitoring range, reducing the accuracy of the real-time early warning results. Furthermore, since the most recently excavated tunnels are most likely to collapse, this increases the risk of underground construction. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things to solve the problems of low accuracy of existing real-time early warning results and high risks of underground engineering construction. The technical solutions adopted are as follows:

[0006] The present invention proposes a real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things, which includes the following steps:

[0007] Obtaining a strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge; wherein the strain monitoring sequence includes a plurality of strain values;

[0008] Any concrete strain gauge is recorded as a target concrete strain gauge, and any strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as a target strain value; based on the fluctuation difference relationship between the target strain value and the strain values in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value is obtained; based on the fluctuation stability trend of the strain values in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, the stability trend of the target strain value is obtained; based on the initial setting fluctuation difference and stability trend of the target strain value, the strain accuracy of the target strain value is obtained;

[0009] The formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge is obtained based on the change in the strain accuracy of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; the solidification corresponding time of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge is obtained based on the difference between the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge and other concrete strain gauges;

[0010] According to the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges, the risk index of the target strain value is obtained;

[0011] According to the risk index of the target strain value, the real-time early warning results of underground engineering construction safety risks are obtained.

[0012] Furthermore, the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value is obtained based on the relationship between the target strain value and the fluctuation difference of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, including the specific method of:

[0013] The length of the target strain value is constructed The window is recorded as the adjacent window of the target strain value; the variance of all strain values in the adjacent window of the target strain value is recorded as the adjacent fluctuation index of the target strain value; where, is the preset window length;

[0014] According to the difference of the adjacent fluctuation index of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value is obtained.

[0015] Furthermore, the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value is obtained based on the difference in the adjacent fluctuation index of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, including the specific method of:

[0016] The average of the proximity fluctuation indices of all strain values within the proximity window of the target strain value is obtained, and the difference obtained by subtracting the average from the maximum value of the proximity fluctuation indices of all strain values monitored by the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value.

[0017] Furthermore, the stability trend of the target strain value is obtained according to the fluctuation stability trend of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge. The specific acquisition method is:

[0018]

[0019] Where, is the stable trend of the target strain value; The first strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete The proximity fluctuation index of each strain value; The first strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete The proximity fluctuation index of each strain value; is the ordinal number of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; is the absolute value function.

[0020] Furthermore, the strain accuracy of the target strain value is obtained based on the initial setting fluctuation difference and stability trend of the target strain value, including the specific method of:

[0021] The product of the initial setting fluctuation difference and the stability trend of the target strain value is taken as the strain accuracy of the target strain value.

[0022] Furthermore, the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge is obtained according to the change of the strain accuracy of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, including the specific method of:

[0023] The difference between the strain accuracy of the target strain value and the strain accuracy of the previous strain value is recorded as the stage change degree of the target strain value;

[0024] The time at which the strain value with the largest stage change degree in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is located is recorded as the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge.

[0025] Furthermore, the method of obtaining the target strain value at the solidification corresponding time in the strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge based on the difference relationship between the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge and other concrete strain gauges includes the following specific methods:

[0026]

[0027] Where, The target strain value is The corresponding moment of solidification in the strain monitoring sequence of the concrete strain gauge; For the The formation start time of each concrete strain gauge; is the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge; is the ordinal number of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; is the floor function.

[0028] Furthermore, the risk index of the target strain value is obtained according to the continuous increase of the strain values of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges, including the specific method of:

[0029] The difference between the target strain value and the strain value of the concrete strain gauge preceding the target concrete strain gauge at the solidification corresponding moment is recorded as the target strain value change.

[0030] The calculation method of the change increase index of the target strain value is:

[0031]

[0032] Where, Increase the exponent for the change in target strain value; is the change in target strain value; is the change in the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment of the previous concrete strain gauge of the target concrete strain gauge; is the absolute value function;

[0033] The risk index of the target strain value is obtained according to the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges.

[0034] Furthermore, the risk index of the target strain value is obtained according to the continuous increase of the strain values of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges, including the specific method of:

[0035]

[0036] Where, is the risk index of the target strain value; For the The minimum value of the increase index of the change of the strain value of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment among all the concrete strain gauges from the concrete strain gauge to the target concrete strain gauge; The target strain value is The change increase index of the strain value at the corresponding moment of solidification in the concrete strain gauge; is the total number of concrete strain gauges installed.

[0037] Furthermore, the risk index of the target strain value is used to obtain a real-time early warning result of underground engineering construction safety risk. The specific acquisition method is:

[0038] If the risk index of the target strain value is greater than the preset risk threshold, there is a risk of collapse.

[0039] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during the construction of underground projects, since the newly excavated channel is the channel most likely to have the risk of collapse, it is necessary to monitor the strain value of the newly excavated channel. Since the concrete strain gauge on the concrete poured in the newly excavated channel cannot accurately display the actual strain value during the initial setting stage of concrete solidification, the present invention obtains the strain accuracy of the target strain value based on the initial setting fluctuation difference and stable trend of the target strain value, and judges the concrete solidification stage of each strain value; during the excavation of the channel, due to changes in geological reasons, the setting time of concrete at different locations of concrete strain gauges is different, so when comparing the strain values of different concrete strain gauges, it is impossible to use the strain gauge to compare the strain values of different concrete strain gauges. The strain values at the same solidification moment in the monitoring sequence are compared. The present invention obtains the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge through the difference relationship between the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge and other concrete strain gauges, and obtains the comparative correspondence between different concrete strain gauges. Since the strain value between concrete strain gauges changes gradually according to the excavation direction, if the gradual trend is that the strain value of the concrete strain gauge becomes larger and larger with the increase of excavation depth, and the change speed becomes faster and faster, then the collapse accident is more likely to occur. The present invention obtains the risk index of the target strain value through the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges. At this point, the present invention obtains the real-time early warning result of underground engineering construction safety risk through the risk index of the target strain value, improves the accuracy of the real-time early warning result, and reduces the risk of underground engineering construction. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0041] Figure 1 A flowchart of a real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things is provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0043] See also Figure 1 , which shows a flow chart of a real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things provided by an embodiment of the present invention, the method comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step S001: Obtain the strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge.

[0045] It should be noted that the purpose of the present invention is to provide real-time early warning of the safety risks of underground tunnel excavation in underground engineering construction. The latest excavated tunnel is the tunnel with the greatest risk of collapse, so it is necessary to collect and analyze the construction data of the underground tunnel excavation process in real time.

[0046] Specifically, during the construction of underground engineering, for the excavated underground passage, starting from the entrance of the passage, the newly excavated passage section is poured with concrete to support the soil. When pouring concrete, the top of the concrete support is poured every m install a concrete strain gauge, where To preset the installation interval, this embodiment uses Take this as an example to describe;

[0047] During the construction of underground engineering, The strain values of all installed concrete strain gauges are collected in real time at a frequency of once per minute. For any concrete strain gauge, the time series consisting of all strain values collected by the concrete strain gauge is recorded as the strain monitoring sequence of the concrete strain gauge; wherein, To preset the acquisition frequency, this embodiment uses Let’s take this as an example.

[0048] Step S002: record any concrete strain gauge as a target concrete strain gauge, and record any strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge as a target strain value; obtain the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value based on the fluctuation difference relationship between the target strain value and the strain values in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; obtain the stability trend of the target strain value based on the fluctuation stability trend of the strain values in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; and obtain the strain accuracy of the target strain value based on the initial setting fluctuation difference and stability trend of the target strain value.

[0049] It should be noted that after concrete is poured, the concrete setting phase is mainly divided into the initial setting phase, the strength development phase, and the long-term stability phase. The initial setting phase is relatively short, often lasting several hours, depending on the concrete mix, ambient temperature, humidity, and cement type. Its duration varies. During the initial setting phase, concrete strain gauges are affected by the plasticity of the material, temperature, and construction disturbances, and therefore cannot directly and accurately reflect load strain. However, compared to the initial setting phase, the strength development phase is more suitable for monitoring with concrete strain gauges. During this phase, the concrete has begun to harden and gradually acquire a certain strength, plastic deformation decreases, and the concrete enters the elastic phase. Strain gauges can more stably reflect the actual strain changes in the concrete, providing more reliable and accurate data, and can effectively monitor the strain and stress state of concrete under load. To improve the accuracy of concrete strain monitoring, it is necessary to distinguish the data from the initial setting phase, the strength development phase, and the long-term stability phase.

[0050] It should be further explained that during the initial setting stage of concrete, the concrete is still in a transitional state from liquid to semi-liquid, and the cement hydration reaction has just begun, resulting in large plastic deformation. This causes the data recorded by the strain gauge to fluctuate greatly and be unstable. The strain values collected during this stage are not very reliable. During the strength development stage, the concrete hardens and gradually acquires a certain strength. The deformation tends to be elastic, and the data changes steadily. The strain values collected during this stage are more reliable. Therefore, for any concrete strain gauge, the strain reference of each strain value it collects should be determined.

[0051] Specifically, any concrete strain gauge is recorded as the target concrete strain gauge, and any strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as the target strain value. The window is recorded as the adjacent window of the target strain value; the variance of all strain values in the adjacent window of the target strain value is recorded as the adjacent fluctuation index of the target strain value; where, is the preset window length. As an example, it should be noted that if the target strain value is used as the center to construct a Some strain values in the window do not exist, and only the existing strain values are retained in the window adjacent to the target strain value.

[0052] It should be noted that since the strain value in the initial setting stage of concrete fluctuates greatly and irregularly, the approximate fluctuation index of the strain value in the initial setting stage of concrete is much larger than the approximate fluctuation index in the strength formation stage, that is, the approximate fluctuation index of the strain value is the largest in the initial setting stage of concrete. The greater the difference between the approximate fluctuation index of the strain value and the largest approximate fluctuation index, the further away from the initial setting stage of concrete, that is, the more likely it is to belong to the strength formation stage.

[0053] Specifically, the average of the proximity fluctuation indices of all strain values within the proximity window of the target strain value is obtained, and the difference obtained by subtracting the average from the maximum value of the proximity fluctuation indices of all strain values monitored by the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value.

[0054] It should be noted that the strain value in the strength formation stage fluctuates less and tends to gradually stabilize. Therefore, the approximate fluctuation index of the strain value from the initial setting stage to the strength formation stage of concrete has an obvious trend of becoming smaller and smaller, so the stability trend of the target strain value is calculated based on this.

[0055] Specifically, the calculation method of the stable trend of the target strain value is:

[0056]

[0057] Where, is the stable trend of the target strain value; The first strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete The proximity fluctuation index of each strain value; The first strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete The proximity fluctuation index of each strain value; is the ordinal number of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; is the absolute value function.

[0058] What needs to be explained is that The closer the value is to ,Right now The closer it is to 1, the more it means that in the process from the initial strain value of the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge to the target strain value, the change of the strain value has changed towards a stable trend, and the target strain value has a stable trend.

[0059] It should be noted that the greater the difference in the initial setting fluctuation of the strain value, the further the strain value is from the initial setting stage of concrete. At the same time, if the stable trend of the strain value is greater, it means that the strain value is more likely to have entered the strength formation stage. When entering the strength formation stage, the strain value will more stably reflect the true strain change of concrete, and the data will be more reliable and have higher accuracy. The strain accuracy of each strain value is calculated based on this.

[0060] Specifically, the product of the initial setting fluctuation difference and the stability trend of the target strain value is used as the strain accuracy of the target strain value.

[0061] It should be noted that the greater the strain accuracy, the less the strain value belongs to the initial setting stage of concrete, and the higher the credibility of the strain analysis.

[0062] Step S003: Obtain the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge based on the change in the strain accuracy of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; and obtain the solidification corresponding time of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge based on the difference in the formation start time between the target concrete strain gauge and other concrete strain gauges.

[0063] It should be noted that, during the construction of underground engineering, the concrete mix ratio used for pouring concrete in the excavated channel is the same. In theory, the strain values of different concrete strain gauges at the same stage should be similar. Therefore, it is necessary to compare the strain values of different concrete strain gauges at the same stage. However, as the excavation depth increases, environmental factors such as underground temperature and humidity will change, which may affect the rate of cement hydration reaction, resulting in the need to adjust the comparison time when comparing every two concrete strain gauges.

[0064] It should be further explained that when comparing any two concrete strain gauges, since the two concrete strain gauges are located in different environments, when comparing the strain values, it is necessary to judge the impact of different environments on the solidification time of the concrete at the location of the concrete strain gauge. In the concrete solidification process, the moment with the most change characteristics is the moment when the concrete transitions from the initial setting stage to the strength formation stage. The change in strain accuracy at this moment is the largest. Therefore, the formation start time of the concrete at the location of the concrete strain gauge from the initial setting stage to the strength formation stage is obtained based on this, and then the solidification corresponding time of the two concrete strain gauges for strain value comparison is obtained based on the difference between the formation start times of the concrete strain gauges.

[0065] Specifically, the difference between the strain accuracy of the target strain value and the strain accuracy of the previous strain value is recorded as the stage change degree of the target strain value. It should be noted that the stage change degree of the first strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is 0.

[0066] The time when the strain value with the largest degree of stage change in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge;

[0067] The target strain value is The calculation method of the solidification corresponding time in the strain monitoring sequence of a concrete strain gauge is:

[0068]

[0069] Where, The target strain value is The corresponding moment of solidification in the strain monitoring sequence of the concrete strain gauge; For the The formation start time of each concrete strain gauge; is the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge; is the ordinal number of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; is the floor function.

[0070] What needs to be explained is that The target concrete strain gauge is The proportional relationship between the time from pouring concrete to the time when the concrete strain gauge enters the strength formation stage is shown in Figure 2. The different locations of the concrete strain gauges lead to changes in the time required for the concrete to solidify. Adjust the target strain value to obtain the target strain value in the first The corresponding moment of solidification in the strain monitoring sequence of the concrete strain gauges.

[0071] Step S004: Obtain a risk index of the target strain value according to a continuous increase in the strain values of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges.

[0072] It should be noted that during the construction of underground projects, different geological conditions may lead to the risk of collapse during excavation. That is, in actual situations, the changes in strain values monitored by different concrete strain gauges are different. During the concrete solidification process, normal strain monitoring data has a small strain value in the initial setting stage of concrete, the strain value gradually increases in the strength formation stage, and the strain value in the long-term stable stage increases slowly and gradually converges.

[0073] It is important to further explain that, while theoretically the strain values of different concrete strain gauges should be similar at the same stage, due to varying geological environments, the strain values of different concrete strain gauges vary during the solidification process. The strain value of each concrete strain gauge differs from the strain values of other concrete strain gauges at the corresponding solidification moment. However, because the geological environment gradually changes with excavation depth, the strain values of the concrete strain gauges also change gradually along the excavation direction. However, if the gradual trend is that the strain values of the concrete strain gauges increase with increasing excavation depth, and the rate of change increases, the likelihood of a collapse accident increases. Therefore, the change in the strain values of the concrete strain gauges is first measured.

[0074] Specifically, the difference between the target strain value and the strain value of the previous concrete strain gauge at the solidification time corresponding to the target strain value is recorded as the change in the target strain value; it should be noted that the concrete strain gauges are laid at equal intervals as the excavation depth increases, and the order of the concrete strain gauges is arranged according to the order of laying.

[0075] It should be noted that when a collapse accident is likely to occur, as the excavation depth increases, the strain values between adjacent concrete strain gauges will gradually increase and the change will become larger and larger in the direction of excavation. For a certain concrete strain gauge, if the change in the reading increases compared to the adjacent previous concrete strain gauge, it means that from the perspective of this concrete strain gauge alone, the local change trend of the strain value of the strain gauge before the collapse is consistent, and the change increase index of each strain value is calculated based on this.

[0076] Specifically, the calculation method of the change increase index of the target strain value is:

[0077]

[0078] Where, Increase the exponent for the change in target strain value; is the change in target strain value; is the change in the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment of the previous concrete strain gauge of the target concrete strain gauge; is the absolute value function.

[0079] What needs to be explained is that When it is 1, it means that the change of the target strain value has increased relative to the change of the strain value of the previous concrete strain gauge at the solidification corresponding moment of the target concrete strain gauge, which is consistent with the local change trend of the concrete strain gauge before collapse. When it is 0, it means that the change in the target strain value has decreased relative to the change in the strain value of the previous concrete strain gauge at the solidification corresponding moment of the target concrete strain gauge, which does not conform to the local change trend of the concrete strain gauge before collapse.

[0080] It should be noted that before collapse occurs, the strain value will gradually increase in the direction of excavation, and the rate of increase will become faster and faster, which means that this phenomenon is continuous, that is, the change increase index of the strain value continues to be 1. If the change increase index lasts for a long time at 1, it is consistent with the trend change of collapse. Therefore, the risk index of each strain value is judged according to the persistence of the change increase index of the strain value at 1.

[0081] Specifically, the risk index of the target strain value is calculated as follows:

[0082]

[0083] Where, is the risk index of the target strain value; For the The minimum value of the increase index of the change of the strain value of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment among all the concrete strain gauges from the concrete strain gauge to the target concrete strain gauge; The target strain value is The change increase index of the strain value at the corresponding moment of solidification in the concrete strain gauge; is the total number of concrete strain gauges installed.

[0084] What needs to be explained is that The larger the value is, the longer the duration of the target strain value change increase index being 1 is. That is, as the underground engineering construction and excavation proceed, the trend of strain value increase becomes more and more obvious, and the risk of collapse is more likely to occur.

[0085] Step S005: obtaining a real-time early warning result of underground engineering construction safety risk according to the risk index of the target strain value.

[0086] It should be noted that the greater the risk index of the strain value of the concrete strain gauge, the greater the collapse risk represented by the strain value, and the greater the risk level during excavation.

[0087] Specifically, if the risk index of the target strain value is greater than the preset risk threshold, it indicates that there may be a collapse risk. Related construction activities should be suspended or stopped, and on-site management personnel, technical personnel, and safety officers should be notified to conduct on-site inspections to assess the stability of the soil support structure. If the collapse risk is confirmed, support measures should be strengthened, such as adding supports, reinforcing concrete structures, or adjusting excavation plans, to ensure the safety of construction workers. The preset risk threshold is 15, and this embodiment uses this as an example.

[0088] According to the above method, each strain value of each concrete strain gauge is judged, and corresponding risk response measures are taken when necessary.

[0089] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A real-time early warning method for underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Obtaining a strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge; wherein the strain monitoring sequence includes a plurality of strain values; Any concrete strain gauge is recorded as a target concrete strain gauge, and any strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as a target strain value; based on the fluctuation difference relationship between the target strain value and the strain values in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value is obtained; based on the fluctuation stability trend of the strain values in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, the stability trend of the target strain value is obtained; based on the initial setting fluctuation difference and stability trend of the target strain value, the strain accuracy of the target strain value is obtained; The formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge is obtained based on the change in the strain accuracy of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; the solidification corresponding time of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of each concrete strain gauge is obtained based on the difference between the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge and other concrete strain gauges; According to the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges, the risk index of the target strain value is obtained; According to the risk index of the target strain value, the real-time early warning results of underground engineering construction safety risks are obtained.

2. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value based on the relationship between the target strain value and the fluctuation difference of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge includes the following specific methods: The length of the target strain value is constructed The window is recorded as the adjacent window of the target strain value; The variance of all strain values within the target strain value's proximity window is recorded as the target strain value's proximity fluctuation index; where, is the preset window length; According to the difference of the adjacent fluctuation index of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge, the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value is obtained.

3. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value based on the difference in the adjacent fluctuation index of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge includes the following specific methods: The average of the proximity fluctuation indices of all strain values within the proximity window of the target strain value is obtained, and the difference obtained by subtracting the average from the maximum value of the proximity fluctuation indices of all strain values monitored by the target concrete strain gauge is recorded as the initial setting fluctuation difference of the target strain value.

4. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The stable trend of the target strain value is obtained according to the fluctuation stable trend of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge. The specific acquisition method is: Where, is the stable trend of the target strain value; The first strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete The proximity fluctuation index of each strain value; The first strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete The proximity fluctuation index of each strain value; is the ordinal number of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; is the absolute value function.

5. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method for obtaining the strain accuracy of the target strain value based on the initial setting fluctuation difference and stability trend of the target strain value includes the following specific methods: The product of the initial setting fluctuation difference and the stability trend of the target strain value is taken as the strain accuracy of the target strain value.

6. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge according to the change of the strain accuracy of the strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge includes the following specific methods: The difference between the strain accuracy of the target strain value and the strain accuracy of the previous strain value is recorded as the stage change degree of the target strain value; The time at which the strain value with the largest stage change degree in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge is located is recorded as the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge.

7. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The method of obtaining the target strain value at the solidification corresponding time of each concrete strain gauge in the strain monitoring sequence based on the difference relationship between the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge and other concrete strain gauges includes the following specific methods: Where, The target strain value is The solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of the concrete strain gauge; For the The formation start time of each concrete strain gauge; is the formation start time of the target concrete strain gauge; is the ordinal number of the target strain value in the strain monitoring sequence of the target concrete strain gauge; is the floor function.

8. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The risk index of the target strain value is obtained according to the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges, including the specific method as follows: The difference between the target strain value and the strain value of the concrete strain gauge preceding the target concrete strain gauge at the solidification corresponding moment is recorded as the target strain value change. The calculation method of the change increase index of the target strain value is: Where, Increase the exponent for the change in target strain value; is the change in target strain value; is the change in the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment of the previous concrete strain gauge of the target concrete strain gauge; is the absolute value function; The risk index of the target strain value is obtained according to the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges.

9. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 8 is characterized in that: The risk index of the target strain value is obtained according to the continuous increase of the strain value of the target strain value at the solidification corresponding moment in the strain monitoring sequence of all concrete strain gauges, including the specific method as follows: Where, is the risk index of the target strain value; For the The minimum value of the increase index of the change of the strain value of the target strain value at the corresponding solidification moment among all the concrete strain gauges from the concrete strain gauge to the target concrete strain gauge; The target strain value is The change increase index of the strain value at the corresponding moment of solidification in the concrete strain gauge; is the total number of concrete strain gauges installed.

10. The method for real-time early warning of underground engineering construction safety risks based on the Internet of Things according to claim 1, characterized in that: The real-time early warning result of underground engineering construction safety risk is obtained according to the risk index of the target strain value. The specific acquisition method is: If the risk index of the target strain value is greater than the preset risk threshold, there is a risk of collapse.

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