Compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterial

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of microwave sources in the high-power microwave technology, and particularly relates to a compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials. Compared with a traditional full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on a metamaterial resonance structure, the compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on the metamaterial resonance structure introduces a microwave transmission region behind an anode, and also introduces a metamaterial structure into the microwave transmission region; through the design, microwaves can be radially coupled and output behind the resonant cavity, so that an excitation system can be directly loaded outside the anode block, the inner diameter size of the excitation system is effectively reduced, the miniaturization advantage of the metamaterial is fully played, and the compactness and the light miniaturization degree of the whole high-power microwave system are further improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of microwave sources in high-power microwave technology, and particularly relates to a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials. Background Art

[0002] High-power microwaves generally refer to electromagnetic waves with a peak power greater than 100 MW and a frequency range between 1 GHz and 300 GHz. In recent years, with the continuous development of high-power microwave technology, the research focus of high-power microwave source technology has no longer been limited to the traditional "power competition", but has been developing towards high efficiency, miniaturization, light weight, etc. High-power microwave sources are the core devices for generating high-power microwaves. According to different electron motion characteristics, they can be divided into three types: O-type devices, M-type devices, and space-charge type devices. The Relativistic Magnetron (RM) is a typical M-type high-power microwave source device. It originated in the 1970s and has the characteristics of simple and compact structure, low external magnetic field, high power efficiency, and suitability for permanent magnet packaging. Therefore, it has always been a research hotspot among scholars in various countries.

[0003] According to the different axial output structures, relativistic magnetrons can be mainly divided into axial diffraction output RM and all-cavity extraction RM. Compared with axial diffraction output RM, all-cavity extraction RM is more compact in structure and can directly generate the lowest-order electromagnetic modes, such as TEM mode or TE 11 mode. However, the microwave extraction part of the traditional all-cavity extraction RM is usually located in the beam-wave interaction region, which makes the external excitation system need to be configured outside the sector waveguide, resulting in a relatively large volume and weight of the excitation system, which is not conducive to the compactification and miniaturization of the entire high-power microwave system.

[0004] In recent years, metamaterials have attracted extensive academic interest and in-depth research in the field of vacuum electronics devices due to their unique electromagnetic properties, such as negative refractive index and backward Cherenkov radiation. When electromagnetic waves propagate in a waveguide and the frequency is lower than the cut-off frequency of the waveguide, the waveguide exhibits a single-negative property (relative permittivity or permeability is negative), which causes the electromagnetic waves to rapidly attenuate and form an evanescent wave. However, when a metamaterial resonant structure is introduced, the electromagnetic properties of the waveguide change from the original single-negative property to a double-negative property (both relative permittivity and permeability are negative), and in this case, the electromagnetic waves can be transmitted normally. In traditional high-power microwave source devices, the radial size of the device usually needs to be on the same order of magnitude as the wavelength of the microwave. However, thanks to the double-negative property, high-power microwave source devices loaded with metamaterial resonant structures can operate effectively below the cut-off frequency of the waveguide, which allows the radial size of the device to be reduced. Currently, metamaterials have been applied in traditional full-cavity extraction RMs. Chinese patent application: Metamaterial beam-wave interaction structure of a relativistic magnetron based on a transparent anode, publication number: CN118486572A, publication date: August 13, 2024 discloses a metamaterial beam-wave interaction structure of a relativistic magnetron based on a transparent anode; this structure designs the beam-wave interaction structure of the relativistic magnetron with metamaterials, replaces the traditional solid anode with a transparent anode, and by introducing the double-negative property, the relativistic magnetron can operate below the cut-off frequency of the traditional beam-wave interaction structure. Under the same working performance requirements, the metamaterial beam-wave interaction structure based on a transparent anode can significantly reduce the transverse size of the relativistic magnetron, thereby reducing the volume and weight of the external magnet system and improving the light and miniaturization level of the overall system, and broadening the application scenarios of the relativistic magnetron. However, in this structure, the relativistic magnetron adopts a traditional full-cavity extraction structure, and the external excitation system needs to be loaded outside the sector waveguide located above the anode block. The inner diameter size of the external excitation system is relatively large, resulting in further room for optimization of the volume and weight of the entire high-power microwave system. Therefore, in order to further improve the compactness and light and miniaturization degree of the high-power microwave system, it is of great significance to carry out research on a compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention proposes a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials, aiming to solve the problem that the volume of the excitation system in the current traditional all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials is still relatively large. Compared with the traditional all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron, the compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on the metamaterial resonant structure introduces a microwave transmission region behind the anode, and also introduces a metamaterial structure in the microwave transmission region. This design enables the microwave to be radially coupled and output behind the resonant cavity, so that the excitation system can be directly loaded outside the anode block, effectively reducing the inner diameter size of the excitation system, giving full play to the miniaturization advantage of the metamaterials, and thus improving the compactness and light miniaturization degree of the entire high-power microwave system.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is: a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials, which can be successively divided into six regions from left to right, namely a coaxial electrical input structure A, a beam-wave interaction region B, a microwave transmission region C, a sector waveguide structure D, a coaxial waveguide structure E, and an excitation action region F, including an electric power coaxial input outer conductor 1, an anode outer cylinder 2, a cathode 3, a beam-wave interaction region anode block 4, a microwave transmission region anode block 5, an inter-cylinder connection section 6, an output outer cylinder 7, a first output inner conductor 8, and a second output inner conductor 9. The whole structure is rotationally symmetric and keeps the center coaxial. In the following description, the beam-wave interaction region anode block 4 and the microwave transmission region anode block 5 are collectively referred to as the anode block.

[0007] The electric power coaxial input outer conductor 1 is a circular ring with an inner radius r a , an outer radius r o , and an axial length of L1;

[0008] The anode outer cylinder 2 is a cylindrical tube with an inner radius r o , an outer radius r w , and an axial length of L2;

[0009] The cathode 3 is composed of two circular rings and a cylinder. The inner radii of the two circular rings are both r c , the outer radii are both r m , the axial lengths are L3 and L4 respectively, the radius of the cylinder is r c , and the axial length is L5; The cathode mainly has the following two functions: on the one hand, it acts as a negative electrode to load the electrostatic field, and on the other hand, it plays the role of explosive electron emission.

[0010] Both the beam-wave interaction region anode block 4 and the microwave transmission region anode block 5 are connected to the inner wall of the anode outer cylinder 2, and their inner radii are both r a , and the outer radii are both r oThe angles are all θ1. The axial length of the anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region is L6, and the axial length of the anode block 5 in the microwave transmission region is L7. The function of the anode block is to collect electrons to form the circuit loop of the diode. In addition, there is a certain gap between the anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region and the cathode 3 for beam-wave interaction. N anode blocks 4 in the beam-wave interaction region and N anode blocks 5 in the microwave transmission region are evenly distributed in the angular direction. A resonant cavity is formed between adjacent anode blocks, and the angle is θ2, which can be regarded as a slow-wave structure in the angular direction. Among them, the radius of the resonant cavity is equal to the outer radius r of the transparent anode block o , where N is a natural number not less than 2, and the anode block angle and the resonant cavity angle satisfy: θ1 + θ2 = 360° / N.

[0011] Similar to [LING Junpu, DING Bin, PI Mingyao, SHI Difu, HE Juntao. Metamaterial beam-wave interaction structure based on transparent anode for relativistic magnetron [P]. Chinese Patent Application: CN118486572A, Publication Date: 2024.08.13], the design of the metamaterial structure is achieved by digging out concentric circular ring holes in the anode block. The inner radius of the concentric circular ring hole is r1 and the outer radius is r2; satisfying: r a < r1 < r2 ≤ r o , the axial length of the concentric circular ring hole in the anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region is L 12 , and the axial length of the concentric circular ring hole in the anode block 5 in the microwave transmission region is L 13 . The anode after introducing the metamaterial structure is simply referred to as the transparent anode. By introducing a section of microwave transmission region C behind the beam-wave interaction region B, the microwave can be radially coupled and output behind the anode block, rather than being radially coupled and output in the beam-wave interaction region B. Thus, the excitation system can be directly loaded outside the anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region (i.e., the excitation region F) rather than outside the sector waveguide structure D. The axial length of the microwave transmission region C is L7.

[0012] The connection section 6 between the outer cylinders is a circular ring with an inner radius r w , an outer radius r s , and an axial length of L8, which is used to connect the anode outer cylinder 2 and the output outer cylinder 7;

[0013] The output outer cylinder 7 is a circular ring with an inner radius r s , an outer radius r zw , and an axial length of L9;

[0014] The first output inner conductor 8 is composed of N / 2 sector conductors evenly distributed in the angular direction. The left end of the sector conductor is closely attached to the connection section 6 between the outer cylinders. Its inner radius is r o , the outer radius is r s , and the axial length is L 10, all the angles are θ3, and the angle between adjacent sector conductors is θ4. The angle of the sector conductor and the angle between adjacent sector conductors satisfy: θ3 + θ4 = 720° / N;

[0015] The second output inner conductor 9 is a cylinder with a radius of r o . The leftmost end of it is closely attached to the end of the anode block 5 in the microwave transmission region, and the rightmost end is flush with the rightmost end of the output outer cylinder 7.

[0016] The overlapping part of the first output inner conductor 8 and the anode block 5 in the microwave transmission region and the output outer cylinder 7 together form a microwave extraction structure for radially extracting the microwave in the microwave transmission region C to the sector waveguide.

[0017] The overlapping part of the first output inner conductor 8 and the second output inner conductor 9 and the output outer cylinder 7 together form a hollow sector waveguide, which serves as a mode converter to convert the TE N1 mode generated in the microwave transmission region C into the TE 11 mode.

[0018] The non-overlapping part of the second output inner conductor 9 and the first output inner conductor 8 and the output outer cylinder 7 form a coaxial waveguide for converting the TE 11 mode into the TEM mode for output. The axial length of the coaxial waveguide is L 11 .

[0019] In the above technical solution, the cathode 3 can be any form of topological structure, including a transparent cathode or a solid cathode, etc.

[0020] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0021] 1. The present invention proposes a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials. By introducing a microwave transmission region behind the anode, the microwave is radially coupled and output behind the resonant cavity, reducing the sensitivity of the structural parameters. At the same time, the excitation system can be directly loaded outside the anode block, effectively reducing the inner diameter size of the excitation system, giving full play to the miniaturization advantage of the metamaterials, and thus improving the compactness and light miniaturization degree of the entire high-power microwave system.

[0022] 2. The present invention introduces a metamaterial structure into the microwave transmission region of the compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron, which can effectively improve the microwave transmission efficiency and is beneficial to improving the overall tube power conversion efficiency of the relativistic magnetron under the condition of maintaining compactness.

[0023] 3. The present invention has universality and is applicable to all frequency bands of the relativistic magnetron. Therefore, the proposal of the present invention is beneficial to expanding the design idea of the relativistic magnetron and further enhancing the working advantages of the relativistic magnetron in different wavebands. Description of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of sectional partition of the yz plane of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials;

[0025] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the yz plane sectional dimensions of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials;

[0026] Figures 3 - 8 Schematic diagram of the xy plane sectional dimensions of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at different z positions: Figure 3 XY plane sectional view of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at a certain position, corresponding to Figure 1 plane S1 in; Figure 4 XY plane sectional view of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at a certain position, corresponding to Figure 1 plane S2 in; Figure 5 XY plane sectional view of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at a certain position, corresponding to Figure 1 plane S3 in; Figure 6 XY plane sectional view of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at a certain position, corresponding to Figure 1 plane S4 in; Figure 7 XY plane sectional view of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at a certain position, corresponding to Figure 1 plane S5 in; Figure 8 XY plane sectional view of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials at a certain position, corresponding to Figure 1 plane S6 in;

[0027] Figure 9 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials;

[0028] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the simulation output power of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials;

[0029] Figure 11 Simulation output microwave spectrum diagram of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials;

[0030] Figures 12 - 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of an L-band traditional all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials proposed by the National University of Defense Technology, Figure 12 Three-dimensional schematic diagram of it, Figure 13 XY plane sectional view of it. Specific implementation method

[0031] To better illustrate the advantages and technical concepts of the present invention, the following further elaborates on the present invention in conjunction with specific implementation examples. It should be noted that the implementation examples given below only serve to explain the present invention, and the application scope of the present invention is not limited to this single implementation example.

[0032] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the yz-plane profile partition of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials. The compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron can be sequentially divided into six regions from left to right: a coaxial electrical input structure A, a beam-wave interaction region B, a microwave transmission region C, a sector waveguide structure D, a coaxial waveguide structure E, and an excitation action region F.

[0033] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the yz-plane profile dimensions of a compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials. Figures 3 - 8 It is a schematic diagram of the xy-plane profile dimensions at different z positions.

[0034] This preferred implementation example shows a 6-cavity L-band compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials with a working frequency of 1.56 GHz and a working mode of π mode. The corresponding size parameters are designed as: r c = 12 mm, r a = 28 mm, r o = 48 mm, r w = 50 mm, r m = 22 mm, r1 = 34 mm, r2 = 45 mm, r s = 77 mm, r zw = 79 mm, L1 = 15 mm, L2 = 163 mm, L3 = 8 mm, L4 = 8 mm, L5 = 123 mm, L6 = 78 mm, L7 = 160 mm, L8 = 6 mm, L9 = 309 mm, L 10 = 183 mm, L 11 = 120 mm, L 12 = 68 mm, L 13 = 93 mm, θ1 = 40°, θ2 = 20°, θ3 = 6°, θ4 = 114°.

[0035] The implementation example mainly includes a resonant cavity structure for beam-wave interaction and energy conversion, a resonant cavity structure for microwave transmission, a sector waveguide structure for microwave radial extraction and TE 11 mode transmission, a coaxial waveguide structure for TEM mode conversion and output, and an excitation action region. The resonant cavity structure for beam-wave interaction and energy conversion is composed of a cathode 3 and an anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region. The cathode 3 adopts a traditional cylindrical cathode structure with a radius r c= 12 mm, the total axial length L5 = 123 mm. At the same time, circular cathode caps are introduced on both sides of the cathode 3 to intercept axially leaked electrons. The outer radius r of the circular cathode cap m = 22 mm, the inner radius r c = 12 mm, the axial length L3 of the first circular cathode cap = 8 mm, and the axial length L4 of the second circular cathode cap = 8 mm. Six anode blocks are evenly arranged around the cathode 3 in the angular direction, and a fan-shaped resonant cavity is formed between adjacent anode blocks. The radius r of the resonant cavity o = 48 mm, the included angle θ2 = 20°, the axial length L6 of the anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region = 78 mm, the inner radius r a = 28 mm, the outer radius r o = 48 mm, the angle θ1 of the anode block = 40°, the inner radius r1 of the circular hole = 34 mm, the outer radius r2 = 45 mm, and the axial length L of the hole 12 = 68 mm.

[0036] The resonant cavity structure for microwave transmission is the axial extension of the anode block 4 in the beam-wave interaction region, and its axial length L7 = 160 mm. The purpose is to enable the magnetic field to be directly loaded outside the anode block rather than outside the fan-shaped waveguide, thereby effectively reducing the inner diameter size of the excitation system. Whether the magnetic field is provided by a solenoid coil or a permanent magnet, this loading method can significantly reduce the volume and weight of the entire high-power microwave system, and further improve its light and miniaturized degree. In addition, in order to improve the microwave transmission efficiency, a metamaterial resonant structure is also introduced into the anode block 5 in the microwave transmission region. The inner radius r1 of the circular hole in the microwave transmission region = 34 mm, the outer radius r2 = 45 mm, and the axial length L of the hole 13 = 93 mm.

[0037] The fan-shaped waveguide structure for microwave radial extraction and TE 11 mode transmission consists of a first output inner conductor 8, an output outer cylinder 7, and a second output inner conductor 9; the first output inner conductor 8 is composed of three fan-shaped conductors evenly distributed in the angular direction, and the axial length L 10 = 183 mm, the inner radius r of the fan-shaped conductor o = 48 mm, the outer radius r s = 77 mm, the included angle θ3 = 6°, the corresponding included angle θ4 of the hollow fan-shaped waveguide = 114°, the inner radius of the output outer cylinder 7 is equal to the outer radius r of the fan-shaped conductor s = 77 mm, the outer radius r zw = 79 mm, and the axial length L9 = 309 mm. After the electromagnetic wave is generated in the beam-wave interaction region, it is transmitted in the microwave transmission region for a certain distance, and is radially coupled into the fan-shaped waveguide region behind the anode block. The electromagnetic wave is converted from the π mode to the TE 11 mode and propagates forward in the fan-shaped waveguide.

[0038] The length L of the coaxial waveguide structure for TEM mode conversion and output 11 = 120 mm, and its inner and outer radii are the same as those of the sector waveguide, which are r o = 48 mm and r s = 77 mm respectively. Inside the coaxial waveguide, the electromagnetic wave is converted from the TE 11 mode to the TEM mode for output.

[0039] Using the particle simulation platform to calculate the compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials proposed by the present invention, as shown in Figure 10 and Figure 11 The calculation results are as follows: Under the conditions of a voltage of 340 kV and a magnetic field of 0.28 T, the operating frequency of the device is 1.56 GHz, the operating mode is the π mode, the output power is 555 MW, the power conversion efficiency is 67%, and the impedance is 141 Ω.

[0040] Figure 12 and Figure 13 are the schematic diagrams of the traditional all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron in the L band based on a transparent anode proposed by the National University of Defense Technology (the metamaterial beam-wave interaction structure of the relativistic magnetron based on a transparent anode, publication number: CN118486572A, publication date: August 13, 2024). Figure 12 is the three-dimensional schematic diagram, Figure 13 is the cross-sectional view of the xy plane. It is reported that based on the particle simulation platform, under the conditions of a diode voltage of 340 kV and an axial magnetic field of 0.32 T, the operating current of this device is 3.04 kA, the operating mode is the π mode, the operating frequency is 1.60 GHz, the average microwave output power is 606 MW, and the power efficiency is about 58%. When the output power level and operating frequency are similar to those of the traditional all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron in the L band based on a transparent anode Figure 12 the inner diameter of the excitation system of the compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials is about 48 mm (the outer diameter of the anode block), while the inner diameter of the excitation system of the traditional all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron in the L band based on a transparent anode is about 64 mm (the outer diameter of the sector waveguide). The inner diameter of the excitation system is reduced by about 1 / 4, which verifies the advantages of the compact all-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials.

Claims

1. A compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials, characterized by: It is divided into six regions: a coaxial power input structure (A), a beam-wave interaction region (B), a microwave transmission region (C), a fan-shaped waveguide structure (D), a coaxial waveguide structure (E), and an excitation action region (F), and includes an electric power coaxial input outer conductor (1), an anode outer cylinder (2), a cathode (3), an anode block in the beam-wave interaction region (4), an anode block in the microwave transmission region (5), a connecting section between outer cylinders (6), an output outer cylinder (7), a first output inner conductor (8), and a second output inner conductor (9); the entire structure is a rotationally symmetrical structure and maintains a central coaxiality; The outer conductor (1) of the electric power coaxial input has an inner radius r a , outer radius r o , a ring with an axial length of L1; The inner radius of the anode outer cylinder (2) is r o , outer radius r w , a cylindrical tube with an axial length of L2; The cathode (3) is composed of two circular rings and a cylinder. The inner radius of the two circular rings is r c The outer radius is r m , the axial lengths are L3 and L4 respectively, and the radius of the cylinder is r c , the axial length is L5; The anode block (4) in the beam-wave interaction region and the anode block (5) in the microwave transmission region are both connected to the inner wall of the anode outer cylinder (2), and their inner radii are both r a The outer radius is r o , the angles are both θ1, the axial length of the anode block (4) in the beam-wave interaction region is L6, and the axial length of the anode block (5) in the microwave transmission region is L7; N anode blocks (4) in the beam-wave interaction region and N anode blocks (5) in the microwave transmission region are evenly distributed along the angular direction, and a resonant cavity is formed between adjacent anode blocks, with an angle of θ2, which can be regarded as a slow-wave structure in the angular direction; wherein the radius of the resonant cavity is equal to the outer radius r of the transparent anode block o , where N is a natural number not less than 2, and the anode block angle and the resonant cavity angle satisfy: θ1+θ2=360° / N; The design of the metamaterial structure is achieved by digging concentric ring holes in the anode block, where the inner radius of the concentric ring holes is r1 and the outer radius is r2; satisfying: r a <r1<r2≤r o The axial length of the concentric ring holes in the anode block (4) in the beam-wave interaction region is L 12 The axial length of the concentric ring holes in the anode block (5) in the microwave transmission zone is L 13 ; The anode after the introduction of the metamaterial structure is referred to as a transparent anode; by introducing a section of microwave transmission zone (C) behind the beam-wave interaction zone (B), microwaves can be radially coupled and output behind the anode block instead of radially coupled and output in the beam-wave interaction zone (B), so that the excitation system can be directly loaded outside the anode block (4) in the beam-wave interaction zone instead of outside the fan-shaped waveguide structure (D), and the axial length of the microwave transmission zone (C) is L7; The connecting section (6) between the outer cylinders has an inner radius r w , outer radius r s , a circular ring with an axial length of L8, used to connect the anode outer cylinder (2) and the output outer cylinder (7); The output outer cylinder (7) has an inner radius r s , outer radius r zw , a ring with an axial length of L9; The first output inner conductor (8) is composed of N / 2 fan-shaped conductors evenly distributed in the angular direction, the left end of the fan-shaped conductor is close to the connecting section (6) between the outer cylinders, and its inner radius is r o , the outer radius is r s , axial length is L 10 , the angles are all θ3, the angle between adjacent sector-shaped conductors is θ4, and the angle of the sector-shaped conductor and the angle between adjacent sector-shaped conductors satisfy: θ3+θ4=720° / N; The second output inner conductor (9) has a radius r o The cylindrical body has a leftmost end close to the end of the anode block (5) in the microwave transmission zone, and a rightmost end flush with the rightmost end of the output outer cylinder (7); The first output inner conductor (8) and the mutually overlapping part of the microwave transmission zone anode block (5) and the output outer cylinder (7) together form a microwave extraction structure for radially extracting microwaves in the microwave transmission zone (C) to the fan-shaped waveguide; The overlapping portion of the first output inner conductor (8) and the second output inner conductor (9) together with the output outer tube (7) form a hollow fan-shaped waveguide, which acts as a mode converter to convert the TE generated by the microwave transmission zone (C) N1 Analog to TE 11 mold; The non-overlapping portion of the second output inner conductor (9) and the first output inner conductor (8) and the output outer tube (7) form a coaxial waveguide for transmitting TE 11 The mode is converted to TEM mode output, and the axial length of the coaxial waveguide is L 11 .

2. According to claim 1, the compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials is characterized by: The cathode (3) can be of any topological structure.

3. The compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cathode (3) is a transparent cathode.

4. The compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cathode (3) is a solid cathode.

5. The compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The working frequency is 1.56 GHz and the working mode is π mode. The corresponding size parameters of the 6-cavity L-band compact full-cavity extraction relativistic magnetron based on metamaterials are designed as follows: c =12mm,r a =28mm,r o =48mm,r w =50mm,r m =22mm,r1=34mm,r2=45mm,r s =77mm,r zw =79mm, L1=15mm, L2=163mm, L3=8mm, L4=8mm, L5=123mm, L6=78mm, L7=160mm, L8=6mm, L9=309mm, L 10 =183mm,L 11 =120mm,L 12 =68mm,L 13 =93mm, θ1=40°, θ2=20°, θ3=6°, θ4=114°.

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