Stacking device with leveling function for hydrogen fuel cell stack

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of fuel cells, in particular to a hydrogen fuel cell stack loading device with a leveling function. The electric pile pre-tightening device is applied to stacking and pre-tightening work of an electric pile composed of a lower end plate, an upper end plate, a collector plate and a plurality of single batteries and comprises a rack, the rack is provided with a platform for placing the lower end plate and a hydraulic cylinder for pressing the upper end plate downwards, a pressing plate is fixedly arranged at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a pressing head assembly is arranged on the pressing plate. The pressing head assembly comprises a pressing tool and a leveling structure used for being matched with the pressing tool to keep the upper end plate horizontal, the pressing tool is provided with pressing blocks evenly distributed on the periphery of the upper end plate, and each pressing block is provided with a pressure sensor. The pressure difference between the pressing blocks is monitored and fed back in real time through the pressure sensors, the leveling structure is triggered for adjustment once unbalanced pressure distribution is detected, it is ensured that all the pressing blocks make uniform contact with the upper end plate, and pressure consistency is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and specifically to a stacking device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack with a leveling function. Background Art

[0002] The stacking process of a hydrogen fuel cell stack involves sequentially stacking a lower end plate, an upper end plate, current collector plates, and a number of single cells, and applying a uniform pressure through a pre-tightening device to ensure that the components of each layer are in close contact, forming an efficient and stable electrochemical reaction environment. Currently, a hydraulic system is used to apply a pre-tightening force to the fuel cell stack to ensure that the components of each layer inside are in close contact. However, there are some deficiencies in the leveling function of existing stacking devices, which easily lead to uneven pressure problems.

[0003] A currently publicly disclosed rapid stacking device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack with the Chinese authorization announcement number CN115832382B includes a frame, a pressing head assembly, a hydraulic cylinder, and a workbench surface installed on the frame. The hydraulic cylinder drives the pressing head assembly to move in the vertical direction of the workbench surface. The pressing head assembly includes a pressing tool and a push rod driven by the hydraulic cylinder. Among them, the bottom end of the push rod is inserted into a groove on the upper side of the pressing tool, and the lower end of the push rod abuts against the bottom of the groove. A screw hole perpendicular to the axis of the push rod is provided on the rod body of the push rod located in the groove, and a through hole is provided on the groove wall. After the screw hole and the through hole are aligned, a bolt is screwed in for connection. A level is provided on the side wall of the pressing tool, and two convex pressing heads symmetrically distributed with the axis of the push rod as the center are provided on the lower side of the pressing tool in the direction away from the push rod. The convex pressing heads face the workbench surface below, and a pressure sensor is provided on the lower side of the convex pressing heads in the direction close to the workbench surface. The operation of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the sensed pressure value of the pressure sensor.

[0004] According to the above patent, the patent determines whether the convex pressing head is horizontal by reading the values of the pressure sensors on the left and right sides of the convex pressing head of the pressing tool and observing the bubble of the level at the same time, and whether the acting forces of the pressure sensors on both sides are within the allowable deviation, and precisely controls the pressure of the convex pressing head through the hydraulic cylinder. However, although the lower end of the push rod abuts against the bottom of the groove and the bolt does not directly bear the pressure, during long-term high-load use, wear may still occur at the bottom of the push rod and the bottom of the groove. This wear will cause a change in the height of the support point, which in turn causes the pressing tool to tilt or the pressure distribution to be uneven. It is necessary to manually loosen the bolt and readjust the position of the pressing tool. This is not only time-consuming but also easily introduces new errors. Therefore, there is currently a need for a stacking device that can quickly respond after detecting the imbalance of the pressing tool and automatically level the pressing tool. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the problems existing in the prior art, a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack is provided. The pressure difference between the pressure blocks is monitored and fed back in real time through a pressure sensor. Once an uneven pressure distribution is detected, the leveling structure is triggered for adjustment to ensure that each pressure block contacts the upper end plate evenly to achieve pressure consistency.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which is applied to the stacking and pre-tightening of a stack composed of a lower end plate, an upper end plate, a collecting plate and a plurality of single cells. The device comprises a frame, the frame is provided with a platform for placing the lower end plate and a hydraulic cylinder for pressing the upper end plate downward, a pressing plate is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a pressing head assembly is provided on the pressing plate, the pressing head assembly comprises a pressing tool and a leveling structure for cooperating with the pressing tool to keep the upper end plate horizontal. When the leveling structure is in a working state, a reverse force is actively applied to the upper end plate in the direction of the pressing tool, so that the upper end plate contacts the pressing tool and is in a horizontal state before squeezing the single cell. The pressing tool has pressing blocks evenly distributed around the upper end plate, each pressing block is provided with a pressure sensor, and when there is a difference in the pressure values ​​detected by the pressure sensors, the leveling structure is in an immediate start-up state.

[0007] Preferably, a rubber pad is fixed between the press and the pressing plate. When the press squeezes the upper end plate, the rubber pad is in a gradually compressed state. When the upper end plate is subjected to a reverse force by the leveling structure, the press is synchronously adjusted under the push of the upper end plate until the rubber pad reaches the maximum compression amount, so that the press and the upper end plate both remain in a horizontal state.

[0008] Preferably, the leveling structure has a movable frame arranged on a pressure plate and clamps arranged around the movable frame. A linear driver is provided on the pressure plate to drive the movable frame to move vertically. When the upper end plate needs to be leveled, the upper end plate is in a state of being centrally clamped by all clamps, so that the upper end plate can be subjected to a reverse force by the movable frame.

[0009] Preferably, each clamp has an axial connection portion and a clamping portion, and the movable frame is provided with an axle seat for rotatably connecting each of the axial connection portions. Each clamp can rotate toward the upper end plate, and a torsion spring is provided between each of the axial connection portions and the corresponding axle seat. When the torsion spring is in a normal state, the clamping portion is in a state of contact with the upper end plate.

[0010] Preferably, a rotary drive is provided on the movable frame to drive all the clamps to rotate outward away from the upper end plate. The rotary drive is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors. When there is a difference in the pressure values ​​detected between the pressure sensors, the rotary drive is in a rapid unlocking state, and the torsion spring gradually returns to a normal state.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping portion of each clamp is provided with a rubber block for adapting to the edge of the upper end plate and providing clamping buffer force.

[0012] Preferably, a limiting structure for restricting the horizontal swing of the pressing tool is cooperatively arranged between the pressing plate and the pressing tool. The pressing tool can move vertically relative to the pressing plate. When the pressing tool is pressed, the pressing tool maintains a vertical moving state, so that the pressure of each pressing block on the pressing tool contacting the upper end plate is kept consistent.

[0013] Preferably, a counterweight block for providing a drooping force when the limiting structure fails is arranged on the pressing tool.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting structure has an outer guide sleeve arranged on the pressing plate and an inner guide sleeve arranged on the pressing tool. A plurality of first balls are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner guide sleeve, and all the first balls are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the outer guide sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the movable frame is specifically an annular structure in which the pressing tool is sleeved. A ring plate coaxial with the movable frame is arranged on the pressing tool. A plurality of second balls are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the ring plate, and all the second balls are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the movable frame.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application compared with the prior art are as follows:

[0017] 1. By the present invention, the pressure difference between the pressing blocks is monitored and fed back in real time through the pressure sensor. Once an uneven pressure distribution is detected, the leveling structure is triggered to make adjustments. It is ensured that the pressing tool only moves vertically without tilting, so that each pressing block can evenly contact the upper end plate, realizing the consistency of pressure.

[0018] The problem of uneven force on the upper end plate is effectively solved, ensuring uniform contact of a plurality of single cells, improving the overall performance and stability, and thus avoiding the decline of the stack performance caused by uneven pressure. An efficient and reliable stack assembly process is realized.

[0019] 2. Through the connection of the rubber cushion layer between the pressing tool and the pressing plate in the present invention, the pressing tool can also be adjusted. During the process that the pressing tool gradually presses the upper end plate downward, the rubber cushion layer is gradually compressed. When the leveling structure detects uneven force on the upper end plate and applies a reverse force for adjustment, the pressing tool will be adjusted synchronously with the fine adjustment of the upper end plate, ensuring that the pressing tool and the upper end plate always maintain a horizontal state throughout the process, so as to ensure uniform pressure distribution.

[0020] After all the clamps on the movable frame clamp the upper end plate, a reverse force is applied to the upper end plate through the movement of the movable frame, so that it contacts the pressing tool under the centering clamping of all the clamps, prompting the upper end plate to remain horizontal. The problem of uneven force on the upper end plate is effectively solved, ensuring uniform contact between single cells.

[0021] 3. By clamping the upper end plate with the rubber blocks on the fixture, the present invention effectively disperses the pressure and avoids damage caused by local stress concentration. At the same time, it reduces wear or scratches caused by direct hard contact, ensuring the integrity and stability of the upper end plate.

[0022] During the process of leveling or pressing down the end plate, the limiting structure ensures that the pressing tool only moves vertically, enabling each pressing block to evenly contact and apply force to the upper end plate, avoiding uneven pressure caused by the inclination of the pressing tool. The counterweight ensures that even if the limiting function fails, the pressing tool can still maintain a downward pressure and maintain uniform contact with the upper end plate. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 is a partial perspective structural sectional view of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 is a plan sectional view of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 is a perspective structural sectional view of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell stack and the pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 is a left view of the fuel cell stack and the pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 is a partial perspective structural schematic diagram of the fuel cell stack and the pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 is a partial plan view of the fuel cell stack and the pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 is a partial plan sectional view of the fuel cell stack and the pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 is a partial perspective structural sectional view of the fuel cell stack and the pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0033] The reference numerals in the figure are: 1, fuel cell stack; 11, lower end plate; 111, limiting rod; 12, upper end plate; 121, guide sleeve; 13, single cell; 2, frame; 3, platform; 31, limiting member; 4, hydraulic cylinder; 41, ejector rod; 5, pressing plate; 51, guide rod; 6, pressing head assembly; 61, pressing tool; 611, pressing block; 6111, pressure sensor; 612, rubber cushion layer; 613, counterweight block; 7, leveling structure; 71, movable frame; 711, movable rod; 712, movable plate; 713, supported part; 72, fixture; 721, shaft connecting part; 7211, shaft seat; 7212, torsion spring; 722, clamping part; 7221, rubber block; 723, force applying plate; 7231, compression spring; 724, force receiving part; 73, linear drive; 731, movable magnetic ring; 732, fixed magnetic ring; 74, rotary drive; 741, fixed magnetic block; 742, movable magnetic block; 8, limiting structure; 81, outer guide sleeve; 811, anti - detachment part; 82, inner guide sleeve; 821, first ball; 83, ring plate; 831, second ball. Detailed implementation mode

[0034] To further understand the features, technical means, specific purposes and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific implementation modes.

[0035] See Figures 1 - 6 As shown, a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack is applied to the stacking and pre - tightening work of a fuel cell stack 1 composed of a lower end plate 11, an upper end plate 12, current collector plates and several single cells 13. It includes a frame 2. A platform 3 for placing the lower end plate 11 and a hydraulic cylinder 4 for pressing down the upper end plate 12 are provided on the frame 2. An ejector rod 41 fixedly connected to the pressing plate 5 is provided at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4. Guide rods 51 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressing plate 5 and extending upward are provided on the pressing plate 5. Guide openings for the guide rods 51 to pass through are opened on the frame 2. A pressing head assembly 6 is provided on the pressing plate 5. The pressing head assembly 6 includes a pressing tool 61 and a leveling structure 7 for cooperating with the pressing tool 61 to keep the upper end plate 12 horizontal. In the working state of the leveling structure 7, a reverse force is actively applied to the upper end plate 12 in the direction towards the pressing tool 61, so that the upper end plate 12 abuts against the pressing tool 61 and is in a horizontal state before pressing the single cells 13. The pressing tool 61 has pressing blocks 611 evenly distributed around the upper end plate 12. A pressure sensor 6111 is provided on each pressing block 611. When there are differences in the pressure values detected between the pressure sensors 6111, the leveling structure 7 is in an immediately starting state.

[0036] A limiting member 31 for limiting the lower end plate 11 is provided on the platform 3.

[0037] The hydraulic cylinder 4 has an ejector rod 41 fixedly connected to the pressing plate 5. The pressing plate 5 has guide rods 51 symmetrically arranged on both sides of it and extending upward. Guide openings for the guide rods 51 to pass through are opened on the frame 2.

[0038] The lower end plate 11 is provided with limiting rods 111 extending vertically upward around its perimeter. A stacking area is formed between all the limiting rods 111 for the single cells 13 to be horizontally snapped into. The upper end plate 12 is provided with sleeve openings that can be sleeved on each limiting rod 111, and a guiding sleeve 121 that closely adheres to the limiting rod 111 is provided in each sleeve opening.

[0039] In the initial installation stage of the stacking device, the relative positions between the pressing tool 61 and the pressing plate 5 may not be fully aligned or accurately installed. In this case, when the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the pressing plate 5 to press down, the pressing tool 61 will be in an inclined state, and thus the upper end plate 12 cannot be evenly stressed. At this time, the pressure sensor 6111 detects that there are differences in the pressure values between the pressing blocks 611, triggering the leveling structure 7 to start. The leveling structure 7 compensates for the installation error by adjusting the position of the pressing tool 61, enabling the upper end plate 12 to return to a horizontal state, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent stacking process.

[0040] During the stacking process, when the single cells 13 are stacked together, the accumulated thickness differences may cause the upper end plate 12 to tilt when it comes into contact with the single cells 13. This causes uneven stress on each guiding sleeve 121 in the sleeve opening of the upper end plate 12, resulting in the inclination of the upper end plate 12. It will cause uneven contact between the upper end plate 12 and the single cells 13, affecting the pre-tightening effect. At this time, the pressure sensor 6111 will quickly capture the uneven pressure distribution caused by the tilt and immediately activate the leveling structure 7. The leveling structure 7 applies a reverse force to the upper end plate 12 to ensure that the upper end plate 12 returns to a horizontal state again.

[0041] Specifically, during the stacking process of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, first, the lower end plate 11 is placed on the platform 3 on the stacking device frame 2, and the limiting member 31 on the platform 3 ensures that the position of the lower end plate 11 remains fixed. Subsequently, between the limiting rods 111 extending vertically upward around the lower end plate 11, the single cells 13 are horizontally stacked in sequence to form the core part of the stack 1. The limiting rods 111 not only provide an accurate guiding function for the single cells 13 but also ensure neatness and stability during the stacking process.

[0042] After the stacking of the single cells 13 is completed, the upper end plate 12 is sleeved on each limiting rod 111 through the sleeve openings at its four corners, and the guiding sleeves 121 in each sleeve opening ensure that the upper end plate 12 can descend smoothly and remain in a horizontal state. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 4 starts to work, and the push rod 41 is used to push the pressing plate 5 downward. As the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is applied, the pressing tool 61 gradually approaches the upper end plate 12, and the leveling structure 7 instantaneously adjusts the uneven pressure distribution according to the information fed back by the pressure sensor 6111 embedded in the pressing block 611, ensuring that the upper end plate 12 remains horizontal throughout the pre-tightening process.

[0043] When the pressure sensor 6111 detects a pressure difference between points, the leveling structure 7 is immediately activated and actively adjusts until the pressure at each point is balanced, so that the upper end plate 12 contacts the pressing tool 61 and is in an ideal horizontal state before pressing the single cell 13. This effectively avoids the problem of performance degradation caused by uneven force on the stack 1.

[0044] See Figures 2 - 4 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in, a rubber cushion layer 612 is fixedly provided between the pressing tool 61 and the pressing plate 5. When the pressing tool 61 presses the upper end plate 12, the rubber cushion layer 612 is in a gradually compressed state. When the upper end plate 12 is subjected to a reverse force applied by the leveling structure 7, the pressing tool 61 is synchronously adjusted under the push of the upper end plate 12 until the rubber cushion layer 612 reaches the maximum compression amount, so that both the pressing tool 61 and the upper end plate 12 are kept in a horizontal state.

[0045] When performing the pre-tightening operation on the stack 1, the pressing tool 61 gradually presses the upper end plate 12 downward, and at this time, the rubber cushion layer 612 begins to enter a gradually compressed state. If the leveling structure 7 detects uneven force on the upper end plate 12 and applies a reverse force to adjust its levelness, with the fine adjustment movement of the upper end plate 12, the pressing tool 61 is synchronously adjusted under the push of the upper end plate 12.

[0046] During the adjustment process, the rubber cushion layer 612 is continuously compressed until it reaches the maximum compression amount, ensuring that the pressing tool 61 and the upper end plate 12 always remain in a horizontal state throughout the adjustment process, ensuring uniform pressure distribution.

[0047] See Figures 1 - 6 As shown in, the leveling structure 7 has a movable frame 71 provided on the pressing plate 5 and clamps 72 provided around the movable frame 71. The pressing plate 5 is provided with a linear actuator 73 for driving the vertical movement of the movable frame 71. When the upper end plate 12 needs to be leveled, the upper end plate 12 is in a state of being centered and clamped by all the clamps 72, so that the upper end plate 12 can be subjected to a reverse force applied by the movable frame 71.

[0048] The movable frame 71 has a plurality of movable rods 711 extending upward through the pressing plate 5. The pressing plate 5 is provided with movable openings for the movable rods 711 to move, and an upper movable plate 712 fixedly connected to all the movable rods 711 is provided above the pressing plate 5.

[0049] The linear actuator 73 has a movable magnetic ring 731 fixedly connected to the movable plate 712 and a fixed magnetic ring 732 fixedly connected to the pressing plate 5. Both the movable magnetic ring 731 and the fixed magnetic ring 732 are electromagnets.

[0050] When the upper end plate 12 needs to be leveled, the movable frame 71 provided on the pressing plate 5 clamps the upper end plate 12 in the center through the clamps 72 around it. The linear driver 73 on the pressing plate 5 is activated to drive the movable frame 71 fixedly connected thereto to move vertically to adjust the position of the upper end plate 12.

[0051] During the leveling process, the linear driver 73 precisely adjusts the positions of the movable plate 712 and the movable frame 71 by controlling the electromagnetic force between the movable magnetic ring 731 and the fixed magnetic ring 732, thereby applying a reverse force to the upper end plate 12, so that the upper end plate 12 abuts against the pressing tool 61 in the state of being centered and clamped by all the clamps 72, thereby promoting the upper end plate 12 to be horizontal and achieving precise leveling.

[0052] See Figures 2 - 10 As shown, each clamp 72 has a shaft connection portion 721 and a clamping portion 722. A shaft seat 7211 for rotatably connecting each of the shaft connection portions 721 is provided on the movable frame 71. Each clamp 72 can rotate towards the upper end plate 12. A torsion spring 7212 is provided between each shaft connection portion 721 and the corresponding shaft seat 7211. In the normal state of the torsion spring 7212, the clamping portion 722 is in a state of abutting against the upper end plate 12.

[0053] In the normal state of the torsion spring 7212, that is, when no additional external force is applied, the clamping portion 722 naturally maintains the state of abutting against the upper end plate 12 due to the elastic force of the torsion spring 7212. In this way, when the movable frame 71 drives the clamp 72 to move, the clamping portion 722 can continuously fit the surface of the upper end plate 12, ensuring that the clamp 72 always applies an appropriate pressure to it, ensuring that during the leveling process, the upper end plate 12 can be driven towards the pressing tool 61 until it abuts against it under the effective clamping of all the clamps 72, realizing precise and stable positioning.

[0054] It not only ensures the levelness of the upper end plate 12 during the leveling process, but also realizes precise and stable positioning, ensures uniform pressure distribution, and improves the quality and stability of the overall assembly.

[0055] See Figures 3 - 10 As shown, a rotary driver 74 for driving all the clamps 72 to rotate outward away from the upper end plate 12 is provided on the movable frame 71. The rotary driver 74 is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors 6111. When there are differences in the pressure values detected between the pressure sensors 6111, the rotary driver 74 is in a rapid unlocking state, and at the same time the torsion spring 7212 gradually returns to the normal state.

[0056] A force - applying plate 723 is slidably sleeved on the movable frame 71. Each clamping fixture 72 has a force - receiving portion 724 in contact with the force - applying plate 723 on its pivot joint portion 721. A compression spring 7231 is provided between the force - applying plate 723 and the movable frame 71. When the compression spring 7231 is in a normal state, the torsion spring 7212 is also in a normal state. At this time, the clamping fixture 72 abuts against the upper end plate 12.

[0057] The rotary driver 74 has a fixed magnetic block 741 fixedly connected to the movable frame 71 and a movable magnetic block 742 fixedly connected to the force - applying plate 723. Both the fixed magnetic block 741 and the movable magnetic block 742 are electromagnets.

[0058] During the leveling process, when there are differences in the pressure values detected between the pressure sensors 6111, it indicates that the upper end plate 12 may be unevenly stressed. At this time, the rotary driver 74 on the movable frame 71 quickly enters the unlocked state, enabling all the clamping fixtures 72 to rotate inwards towards the upper end plate 12 under the action of the torsion spring 7212.

[0059] The rotary driver 74 is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors 6111 to ensure real - time response to any pressure change. In the normal state of the compression spring 7231, the torsion spring 7212 is also in a normal state, causing the clamping fixture 72 to naturally abut against the upper end plate 12. When it is necessary to release the clamping of the upper end plate 12 by the clamping fixture 72, by controlling the electromagnetic force between the fixed magnetic block 741 and the movable magnetic block 742, the force - applying plate 723 is precisely driven to move and act on the force - receiving portions 724 of all the clamping fixtures 72, causing all the clamping fixtures 72 to rotate outwards. At this time, the battery stack 1 has completed the stacking operation.

[0060] See Figures 6 - 10 As shown, on the clamping portion 722 of each clamping fixture 72, there is a rubber block 7221 for adapting to the edge of the upper end plate 12 and providing clamping buffer force.

[0061] When the clamping fixture 72 clamps the upper end plate 12 during the leveling process, the rubber block 7221 can effectively disperse the pressure applied on the upper end plate 12, avoiding damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0062] In addition, the elastic property of the rubber block 7221 can also provide an additional protective layer for the upper end plate 12 during the adjustment and movement of the clamping fixture 72, reducing wear or scratches that may be caused by direct hard contact, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the upper end plate 12 during the entire stacking process.

[0063] See Figures 2 - 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a limiting structure 8 is provided between the pressing plate 5 and the pressing tool 61 to limit the horizontal swing of the pressing tool 61. The pressing tool 61 can move vertically relative to the pressing plate 5. When the pressing tool 61 is pressed, the pressing tool 61 maintains a vertical movement state, so that the pressure of each pressing block 611 on the pressing tool 61 in contact with the upper end plate 12 is kept consistent.

[0064] When pressure is applied to the pressing tool 61, the limiting structure 8 ensures that the pressing tool 61 can maintain a vertical movement state, so that each pressing block 611 on the pressing tool 61 can uniformly contact and apply force to the upper end plate 12.

[0065] Whether during the leveling process or the final pressure application stage, the pressure of each pressing block 611 on the upper end plate 12 can be kept consistent, avoiding the problem of uneven pressure caused by the inclination or deviation of the pressing tool 61, thus ensuring the stability and consistency of the stack 1 during the assembly process.

[0066] See Figures 2 - 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a counterweight block 613 is provided on the pressing tool 61 to provide a drooping force when the limiting structure 8 fails.

[0067] The counterweight block 613 provided on the pressing tool 61 ensures that even when the limiting function is lost, the pressing tool 61 can still maintain a downward pressure. It ensures that each pressing block 611 on the pressing tool 61 can continuously contact the upper end plate 12 and apply uniform pressure, avoiding problems such as uneven pressure or poor contact caused by the accidental failure of the limiting structure 8.

[0068] The counterweight block 613 provides additional guarantee for the downward pressing stability and reliability of the pressing tool 61, ensuring that the assembly process of the stack 1 is not affected by potential failures of the limiting structure 8.

[0069] See Figures 2 - 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the limiting structure 8 has an outer guide sleeve 81 provided on the pressing plate 5 and an inner guide sleeve 82 provided on the pressing tool 61. A plurality of first balls 821 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the inner guide sleeve 82, and all the first balls 821 are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the outer guide sleeve 81.

[0070] The lower end of the outer guide sleeve 81 has an anti - detachment portion 811 to prevent the first balls 821 from detaching. When the pressing tool 61 is not pressed, the inner guide sleeve 82 is in contact with the anti - detachment portion 811 under the action of the second balls 831 and is in a supported state.

[0071] When the press tool 61 is not under pressure, the inner guide sleeve 82 contacts the anti - detachment part 811 under the action of the second ball 831 and is in a supported state. This not only ensures the stable positioning of the press tool 61 but also allows it to move vertically smoothly when under pressure, while avoiding structural instability caused by horizontal displacement. It ensures the effectiveness and reliability of the limit structure 8 and provides precise guidance and support for the press tool 61.

[0072] See Figures 2 - 5 , Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown in

[0073] The upper end of the movable frame 71 has a supported part 713 for preventing the second ball 831 from detaching. When the movable frame 71 is not lifted upward, the movable frame 71 contacts the second ball 831 under the action of the supported part 713 and is in a supported state.

[0074] When the movable frame 71 is not lifted upward, the movable frame 71 contacts the second ball 831 under the action of the supported part 713 and is in a supported state. This not only ensures that the movable frame 71 can move vertically smoothly relative to the press tool 61 but also ensures that the relative position between the movable frame 71 and the press tool 61 remains stable without an additional lifting force, avoiding unnecessary horizontal displacement and enhancing the stability of the entire structure and the accuracy of operation.

[0075] The present invention monitors and feeds back the pressure difference between the press blocks 611 in real - time through the pressure sensor 6111. Once an uneven pressure distribution is detected, the leveling structure 7 is triggered to make adjustments to ensure that each press block 611 uniformly contacts the upper end plate 12, achieving pressure consistency. The rubber cushion layer 612 enables the press tool 61 to be finely adjusted synchronously with the upper end plate 12 during the extrusion process, maintaining a horizontal state and further ensuring uniform pressure distribution.

[0076] During the leveling process of the upper end plate 12, the clamp 72 on the movable frame 71 clamps the upper end plate 12 through the rubber block 7221, dispersing the pressure to avoid local stress concentration and wear, and ensuring its integrity and stability. The movement of the movable frame 71 makes the upper end plate 12 contact with the pressing tool 61, prompting the upper end plate 12 to remain horizontal and solving the problem of uneven force. The limiting structure 8 ensures that the pressing tool 61 only moves vertically, preventing uneven pressure caused by tilting, while the counterweight 613 maintains the downward pressure when the limit fails, ensuring uniform contact with the upper end plate 12. Together, they improve the stability and efficiency of the fuel cell stack 1 assembly process, avoiding performance degradation caused by uneven pressure.

[0077] The above embodiments only represent one or several implementation manners of the present invention, and the description thereof is relatively specific and detailed, but it should not be construed as a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several deformations and improvements can still be made, and these all belong to the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A stacking device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack having a leveling function, which is used for stacking and pre-tightening a stack (1) consisting of a lower end plate (11), an upper end plate (12), a current collecting plate and a plurality of single cells (13), and comprises a frame (2), wherein the frame (2) is provided with a platform (3) for placing the lower end plate (11) and a hydraulic cylinder (4) for pressing down the upper end plate (12); It is characterized in that A pressing plate (5) is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4), and a pressing head assembly (6) is provided on the pressing plate (5). The pressing head assembly (6) comprises a pressing tool (61) and a leveling structure (7) for cooperating with the pressing tool (61) to keep the upper end plate (12) horizontal. When the leveling structure (7) is in a working state, a reverse force is actively applied to the upper end plate (12) in the direction of the pressing tool (61), so that the upper end plate (12) contacts the pressing tool (61) and is in a horizontal state before squeezing the single battery (13); The pressing tool (61) has pressing blocks (611) evenly distributed around the upper end plate (12), and each pressing block (611) is provided with a pressure sensor (6111). When there is a difference in the pressure values ​​detected by the pressure sensors (6111), the leveling structure (7) is in an immediate activation state.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A rubber cushion layer (612) is fixedly provided between the pressing tool (61) and the pressing plate (5); when the pressing tool (61) presses the upper end plate (12), the rubber cushion layer (612) is in a gradually compressed state; when a reverse force is applied to the upper end plate (12) by the leveling structure (7), the pressing tool (61) is synchronously adjusted under the push of the upper end plate (12) until the rubber cushion layer (612) reaches a maximum compression amount, so that the pressing tool (61) and the upper end plate (12) are both kept in a horizontal state.

3. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The leveling structure (7) comprises a movable frame (71) arranged on the pressure plate (5) and clamps (72) arranged around the movable frame (71). The pressure plate (5) is provided with a linear driver (73) for driving the movable frame (71) to move vertically. When the upper end plate (12) needs to be leveled, the upper end plate (12) is in a state of being centrally clamped by all the clamps (72), so that the upper end plate (12) can be subjected to a reverse force by the movable frame (71).

4. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 3, characterized in that: Each clamp (72) comprises an axial connection portion (721) and a clamping portion (722); an axle seat (7211) is provided on the movable frame (71) for rotationally connecting each of the axial connection portions (721); each clamp (72) is capable of rotating in the direction of the upper end plate (12); a torsion spring (7212) is provided between each of the axial connection portions (721) and the corresponding axle seat (7211); and when the torsion spring (7212) is in a normal state, the clamping portion (722) is in a state of being in contact with the upper end plate (12).

5. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 4, characterized in that: The movable frame (71) is provided with a rotation driver (74) for driving all the clamps (72) to rotate outwardly away from the upper end plate (12). The rotation driver (74) is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors (6111). When there is a difference in the pressure values ​​detected by the pressure sensors (6111), the rotation driver (74) is in a rapid unlocking state, and the torsion spring (7212) gradually returns to a normal state.

6. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 4, characterized in that: A rubber block (7221) is provided on the clamping portion (722) of each clamp (72) for adapting to the edge of the upper end plate (12) and providing a clamping buffer force.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 3, characterized in that: A limiting structure (8) is provided between the pressing plate (5) and the pressing tool (61) for limiting the horizontal swing of the pressing tool (61). The pressing tool (61) can move vertically relative to the pressing plate (5). When the pressing tool (61) is pressed, the pressing tool (61) maintains a vertical moving state, so that the contact pressure between each pressing block (611) on the pressing tool (61) and the upper end plate (12) remains consistent.

8. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The pressing tool (61) is provided with a counterweight block (613) for providing a drooping force when the limiting structure (8) fails.

9. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 8, characterized in that: The limiting structure (8) comprises an outer guide sleeve (81) arranged on the pressing plate (5) and an inner guide sleeve (82) arranged on the pressing tool (61); a plurality of first balls (821) are evenly distributed on the inner guide sleeve (82) along its circumferential direction; all the first balls (821) are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the outer guide sleeve (81).

10. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 9, characterized in that: The movable frame (71) is specifically an annular structure in which the pressing tool (61) is sleeved. The pressing tool (61) is provided with an annular plate (83) coaxial with the movable frame (71). The annular plate (83) is evenly distributed along its circumferential direction with a plurality of second balls (831). All the second balls (831) are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the movable frame (71).

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