A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with leveling function

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and specifically to a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack. The device is used for stacking and pre-tightening a stack composed of a lower end plate, an upper end plate, a current collecting plate and a number of single cells, and includes a frame, the frame is provided with a platform for placing the lower end plate and a hydraulic cylinder for pressing the upper end plate downward, a pressure plate is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a pressure head assembly is provided on the pressure plate, the pressure head assembly includes a press and a leveling structure for cooperating with the press to keep the upper end plate horizontal, the press has pressure blocks evenly distributed around the upper end plate, and each pressure block is provided with a pressure sensor. The present invention monitors and feeds back the pressure difference between the pressure blocks in real time through a pressure sensor, and triggers the leveling structure to make adjustments once an unbalanced pressure distribution is detected, to ensure that each pressure block contacts the upper end plate evenly and achieves pressure consistency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of fuel cells, and in particular to a stacking device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack with a leveling function. Background Art

[0002] The assembly process of a hydrogen fuel cell stack involves sequentially stacking the lower end plate, upper end plate, current collector, and several cells. A preload mechanism applies uniform pressure to ensure close contact between the components, creating an efficient and stable electrochemical reaction environment. Currently, a hydraulic system applies preload force to the stack to ensure close contact between the components within. However, existing stacking mechanisms have some shortcomings in their leveling function, which can easily lead to uneven pressure.

[0003] The Chinese authorization announcement number CN115832382B currently disclosed is a rapid stacking device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which includes a frame, a pressure head assembly, a hydraulic cylinder installed on the frame, and a work table. The hydraulic cylinder drives the pressure head assembly to move in a direction perpendicular to the work table. The pressure head assembly includes a press and a push rod driven by the hydraulic cylinder, wherein the bottom end of the push rod is inserted into a groove on the upper side of the press, and the lower end of the push rod is supported on the bottom of the groove. The rod body of the push rod located in the groove is provided with a screw hole perpendicular to the axis of the push rod, and the groove wall of the groove is provided with a through hole. The screw hole and the through hole are aligned and then screwed into a bolt for connection. The side wall of the press is provided with a spirit level, and the lower side of the press away from the push rod is provided with two raised pressure heads symmetrically distributed with the axis of the push rod as the center. The lower side of the raised pressure head faces the work table, and the lower side of the raised pressure head close to the work table is provided with a pressure sensor, and the operation of the hydraulic cylinder is controlled by the sensed pressure value of the pressure sensor.

[0004] According to the above-mentioned patent, the patent reads the values of the pressure sensors on the left and right sides of the press head, and at the same time observes the bubbles in the spirit level to determine whether the raised pressure head is horizontal and whether the forces acting on the pressure sensors on both sides are within the allowable deviation. The pressure of the raised pressure head is precisely controlled by the hydraulic cylinder. However, although the lower end of the push rod is supported on the bottom of the groove and the bolt does not directly bear the pressure, the bottom of the push rod and the bottom of the groove may still wear during long-term high-load use. This wear can cause the height of the support point to change, which in turn causes the press to tilt or uneven pressure distribution. It is necessary to manually loosen the bolts and readjust the position of the press. This is not only time-consuming, but also prone to introducing new errors. Therefore, there is a need for a stacking device that can quickly respond after detecting an imbalance in the press and automatically level the press. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the problems existing in the existing technology, a hydrogen fuel cell stack installation device with a leveling function is provided. The pressure difference between the pressure blocks is monitored and fed back in real time through a pressure sensor. Once an unbalanced pressure distribution is detected, the leveling structure is triggered to make adjustments to ensure that each pressure block contacts the upper end plate evenly to achieve pressure consistency.

[0006] In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack, which is used for stacking and pre-tightening of a stack composed of a lower end plate, an upper end plate, a collecting plate and a plurality of single cells. The device comprises a frame, the frame is provided with a platform for placing the lower end plate and a hydraulic cylinder for pressing the upper end plate downwards, the output end of the hydraulic cylinder is fixed with a pressure plate, the pressure plate is provided with a pressure head assembly, the pressure head assembly comprises a press and a leveling structure for cooperating with the press to keep the upper end plate horizontal. When the leveling structure is in a working state, the upper end plate is actively applied with a reverse force in the direction of the press, so that the upper end plate contacts the press and is in a horizontal state before squeezing the single cell. The press has pressure blocks evenly distributed around the upper end plate, and each pressure block is provided with a pressure sensor. When there is a difference in the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors, the leveling structure is in an immediate start-up state.

[0007] Preferably, a rubber pad is fixed between the press and the pressure plate. When the press squeezes the upper end plate, the rubber pad is in a gradually compressed state. When the upper end plate is subjected to a reverse force by the leveling structure, the press is synchronously adjusted under the push of the upper end plate until the rubber pad reaches the maximum compression amount, so that the press and the upper end plate both remain in a horizontal state.

[0008] Preferably, the leveling structure has a movable frame arranged on a pressure plate and clamps arranged around the movable frame. A linear driver is provided on the pressure plate to drive the movable frame to move vertically. When the upper end plate needs to be leveled, the upper end plate is in a state of being clamped in the center by all the clamps, so that the upper end plate can be subjected to a reverse force by the movable frame.

[0009] Preferably, each clamp has an axial connection part and a clamping part, and an axle seat for rotatably connecting each of the axial connection parts is provided on the movable frame. Each clamp can rotate toward the upper end plate, and a torsion spring is provided between each of the axial connection parts and the corresponding axle seat. When the torsion spring is in a normal state, the clamping part is in a state of contact with the upper end plate.

[0010] Preferably, the movable frame is provided with a rotary driver for driving all the clamps to rotate outward away from the upper end plate. The rotary driver is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors. When there is a difference in the pressure values detected between the pressure sensors, the rotary driver is in a rapid unlocking state, and the torsion spring gradually returns to a normal state.

[0011] Preferably, the clamping portion of each clamp is provided with a rubber block for adapting to the edge of the upper end plate and providing clamping buffer force.

[0012] Preferably, a limiting structure is provided between the pressure plate and the press to limit the horizontal swing of the press. The press can move vertically relative to the pressure plate. When the press is under pressure, the press maintains a vertical movement state so that the pressure of each pressure block on the press in contact with the upper end plate remains consistent.

[0013] Preferably, the pressing tool is provided with a counterweight block for providing a downward force when the limiting structure fails.

[0014] Preferably, the limiting structure has an outer guide sleeve arranged on the pressure plate and an inner guide sleeve arranged on the pressing tool, and a plurality of first balls are evenly distributed on the inner guide sleeve along its circumferential direction, and all the first balls are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the outer guide sleeve.

[0015] Preferably, the movable frame is specifically an annular structure in which the pressing tool is sleeved, and the pressing tool is provided with a ring plate coaxial with the movable frame, and the ring plate is evenly distributed with multiple second balls along its circumferential direction, and all the second balls are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the movable frame.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0017] 1. This invention uses pressure sensors to monitor and provide real-time feedback on pressure differences between the pressing blocks. Once an uneven pressure distribution is detected, the leveling mechanism triggers adjustment. This ensures that the pressing tool moves only vertically without tilting, ensuring that each pressing block evenly contacts the upper end plate and achieves consistent pressure.

[0018] This effectively solves the problem of uneven force on the upper end plate, ensures uniform contact between several single cells, improves overall performance and stability, and avoids degradation of the stack performance due to uneven pressure. This enables an efficient and reliable stack assembly process.

[0019] 2. The present invention utilizes a rubber pad connected between the press and the pressure plate, allowing the press to be adjusted. As the press gradually presses the upper plate downward, the rubber pad compresses accordingly. If the leveling mechanism detects uneven force on the upper plate and applies a counterforce to adjust, the press adjusts synchronously with the fine-tuning of the upper plate, ensuring that the press and upper plate remain level throughout the entire process, thereby ensuring even pressure distribution.

[0020] After all the fixtures on the movable frame clamp the upper end plate, the movable frame moves to apply a reverse force to the upper end plate, causing it to contact the presser under the central clamping of all the fixtures, forcing the upper end plate to remain horizontal. This effectively solves the problem of uneven force on the upper end plate and ensures uniform contact between the single cells.

[0021] 3. The present invention clamps the upper end plate by the rubber block on the clamp, effectively dispersing the pressure and avoiding damage caused by local stress concentration, while reducing wear or scratches caused by direct hard contact, ensuring the integrity and stability of the upper end plate.

[0022] During leveling or lowering of the end plate, the limiter ensures that the press moves only vertically, ensuring that each pressing block evenly contacts and applies force to the upper end plate, avoiding uneven pressure caused by the press tilting. The counterweight ensures that even if the limiter function fails, the press can maintain downward pressure and even contact with the upper end plate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a stacking device of a hydrogen fuel cell stack with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0024] Figure 2 It is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack according to the present invention.

[0025] Figure 3 It is a planar cross-sectional view of a stacking device of a hydrogen fuel cell stack with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of a stacking device of a hydrogen fuel cell stack with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0027] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 6 It is a left view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 7 It is a partial three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 8 It is a partial plan view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 9 It is a partial planar cross-sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a pressure head assembly of a stacking device having a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 10 It is a partial three-dimensional structural cross-sectional view of a hydrogen fuel cell stack and a pressure head assembly of a stacking device with a leveling function according to the present invention.

[0033] The numbers in the figure are: 1, battery stack; 11, lower end plate; 111, limit rod; 12, upper end plate; 121, guide sleeve; 13, single battery; 2, frame; 3, platform; 31, limit member; 4, hydraulic cylinder; 41, push rod; 5, pressure plate; 51, guide rod; 6, pressure head assembly; 61, press; 611, pressure block; 6111, pressure sensor; 612, rubber pad; 613, counterweight; 7, leveling structure; 71, movable frame; 711, movable rod; 712, movable plate; 713, supported part; 7 2. Clamp; 721. Shaft connection; 7211. Shaft seat; 7212. Torsion spring; 722. Clamping part; 7221. Rubber block; 723. Force plate; 7231. Compression spring; 724. Force-bearing part; 73. Linear drive; 731. Movable magnetic ring; 732. Fixed magnetic ring; 74. Rotary drive; 741. Fixed magnetic block; 742. Movable magnetic block; 8. Limiting structure; 81. Outer guide sleeve; 811. Anti-slip part; 82. Inner guide sleeve; 821. First ball; 83. Ring plate; 831. Second ball. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to further understand the features, technical means, specific objectives and functions achieved by the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0035] See also Figures 1-6 As shown, a stacking device with a leveling function for a hydrogen fuel cell stack is used for stacking and pre-tightening a stack 1 consisting of a lower end plate 11, an upper end plate 12, a current collecting plate and a plurality of single cells 13, comprising a frame 2, a platform 3 for placing the lower end plate 11 and a hydraulic cylinder 4 for pressing the upper end plate 12 downward, a pressing plate 5 fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, a pressing head assembly 6 provided on the pressing plate 5, and a pressing head assembly 6 including a pressing tool 61 and a tool for cooperating with the pressing tool 61. The leveling structure 7 is combined to keep the upper end plate 12 horizontal. When the leveling structure 7 is in working state, the upper end plate 12 is actively subjected to reverse force in the direction of the press 61, so that the upper end plate 12 contacts the press 61 and is in a horizontal state before squeezing the single battery 13. The press 61 has pressure blocks 611 evenly distributed around the upper end plate 12, and each pressure block 611 is provided with a pressure sensor 6111. When there is a difference in the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 6111, the leveling structure 7 is in an immediate start-up state.

[0036] The platform 3 is provided with a limiting member 31 for limiting the lower end plate 11 .

[0037] The hydraulic cylinder 4 has a push rod 41 fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5. The pressure plate 5 has guide rods 51 symmetrically arranged on both sides thereof and extending upward. The frame 2 is provided with a guide opening for the guide rods 51 to pass through.

[0038] The lower end plate 11 is provided with limit rods 111 extending vertically upward on all four sides, and a stacking area for the single cells 13 to be horizontally inserted is formed between all the limit rods 111. The upper end plate 12 is provided with a sleeve that can be sleeved on each limit rod 111, and each sleeve is provided with a guide sleeve 121 that is tightly attached to the limit rod 111.

[0039] During the initial installation of the stacking device, the relative positions of the hold-down tool 61 and the pressure plate 5 may not be fully aligned or may be installed inaccurately. In this case, when the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the pressure plate 5 downward, the hold-down tool 61 will tilt, making it impossible for the upper end plate 12 to be evenly stressed. At this point, the pressure sensor 6111 detects a difference in pressure between the pressure blocks 611, triggering the activation of the leveling mechanism 7. The leveling mechanism 7 adjusts the position of the hold-down tool 61 to compensate for the installation error and restore the upper end plate 12 to a horizontal state, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the subsequent stacking process.

[0040] During the stacking process, when the single cells 13 are stacked together, the accumulated thickness difference may cause the upper end plate 12 to tilt when it contacts the single cell 13. This causes uneven force on each guide sleeve 121 in the sleeve of the upper end plate 12, causing the upper end plate 12 to tilt. This will make the contact between the upper end plate 12 and the single cell 13 uneven, affecting the pre-tightening effect. At this time, the pressure sensor 6111 will quickly capture the uneven pressure distribution caused by the tilt and immediately activate the leveling structure 7. The leveling structure 7 ensures that the upper end plate 12 returns to a horizontal state by applying a reverse force to the upper end plate 12.

[0041] Specifically, during the stacking process of the hydrogen fuel cell stack 1, the lower end plate 11 is first placed on the platform 3 on the stacking device frame 2. The stoppers 31 on the platform 3 ensure that the lower end plate 11 is fixed in place. Subsequently, the single cells 13 are stacked horizontally in sequence between the vertically extending stoppers 111 provided around the lower end plate 11, forming the core of the stack 1. The stoppers 111 not only provide precise guidance for the single cells 13, but also ensure neatness and stability during the stacking process.

[0042] After the stacking of the single cells 13 is completed, the upper end plate 12 is mounted on each of the limit rods 111 through the sockets on its four corners, and the guide sleeves 121 in each socket ensure that the upper end plate 12 can descend smoothly and remain horizontal. At this time, the hydraulic cylinder 4 begins to work, pushing the pressure plate 5 downward through the push rod 41. As the pressure of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is applied, the press 61 gradually approaches the upper end plate 12, and the leveling structure 7, based on the feedback from the pressure sensor 6111 embedded in the pressure block 611, immediately adjusts the uneven pressure distribution to ensure that the upper end plate 12 remains horizontal throughout the preload process.

[0043] When pressure sensor 6111 detects pressure differences between various points, leveling mechanism 7 immediately activates and actively adjusts until the pressure at each point is balanced, ensuring that upper end plate 12 contacts presser 61 and is ideally level before squeezing cell 13. This effectively avoids performance degradation caused by uneven force on stack 1.

[0044] See also Figure 2-Figure 4 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, a rubber pad layer 612 is fixed between the press 61 and the pressure plate 5. When the press 61 squeezes the upper end plate 12, the rubber pad layer 612 is in a gradually compressed state. When the upper end plate 12 is subjected to a reverse force by the leveling structure 7, the press 61 is synchronously adjusted under the push of the upper end plate 12 until the rubber pad layer 612 reaches the maximum compression amount, so that the press 61 and the upper end plate 12 both remain in a horizontal state.

[0045] When pre-tightening the stack 1, the presser 61 gradually presses the upper end plate 12 downward, causing the rubber cushion 612 to gradually compress. If the leveling mechanism 7 detects uneven force on the upper end plate 12 and applies a counterforce to adjust its level, the presser 61 adjusts synchronously with the upper end plate 12 as it fine-tunes.

[0046] During the adjustment process, the rubber pad layer 612 is continuously compressed until it reaches the maximum compression amount, ensuring that the press 61 and the upper end plate 12 always remain in a horizontal state throughout the entire adjustment process, ensuring uniform pressure distribution.

[0047] See also Figures 1-6 As shown, the leveling structure 7 has a movable frame 71 arranged on the pressure plate 5 and clamps 72 arranged around the movable frame 71. The pressure plate 5 is provided with a linear driver 73 for driving the movable frame 71 to move vertically. When the upper end plate 12 needs to be leveled, the upper end plate 12 is in a state of being clamped in the center by all the clamps 72, so that the upper end plate 12 can be applied with a reverse force by the movable frame 71.

[0048] The movable frame 71 has a plurality of movable rods 711 extending upward through the pressing plate 5 . The pressing plate 5 is provided with movable openings for the movable rods 711 to move. A movable plate 712 fixedly connected to all the movable rods 711 is provided above the pressing plate 5 .

[0049] The linear drive 73 includes a movable magnetic ring 731 fixedly connected to the movable plate 712 and a fixed magnetic ring 732 fixedly connected to the pressure plate 5 . Both the movable magnetic ring 731 and the fixed magnetic ring 732 are electromagnets.

[0050] When the upper end plate 12 needs to be leveled, the movable frame 71 provided on the pressing plate 5 clamps the upper end plate 12 in the center through the clamps 72 around it. The linear actuator 73 on the pressing plate 5 is activated to drive the movable frame 71 fixed to it to move vertically to adjust the position of the upper end plate 12.

[0051] During the leveling process, the linear drive 73 accurately adjusts the position of the movable plate 712 and the movable frame 71 by controlling the electromagnetic force between the movable magnetic ring 731 and the fixed magnetic ring 732, thereby applying a reverse force to the upper end plate 12, so that the upper end plate 12 is in contact with the press 61 when it is clamped in the center by all the clamps 72, thereby prompting the upper end plate 12 to be horizontal and achieve precise leveling.

[0052] See also Figure 2-Figure 10 As shown, each clamp 72 has an axial connection portion 721 and a clamping portion 722. The movable frame 71 is provided with an axle seat 7211 for rotatably connecting each of the axial connection portions 721. Each clamp 72 can rotate toward the upper end plate 12. A torsion spring 7212 is provided between each of the axial connection portions 721 and the corresponding axle seat 7211. When the torsion spring 7212 is in a normal state, the clamping portion 722 is in a state of maintaining contact with the upper end plate 12.

[0053] In the normal state of the torsion spring 7212, that is, when no additional external force is applied, the clamping portion 722 naturally maintains a state of interference with the upper end plate 12 due to the elastic force of the torsion spring 7212. In this way, when the movable frame 71 drives the clamps 72 to move, the clamping portion 722 can continuously adhere to the surface of the upper end plate 12, ensuring that the clamps 72 always apply appropriate pressure to it. This ensures that during the leveling process, the upper end plate 12 can be effectively clamped by all the clamps 72 and driven toward the press 61 until it contacts it, achieving accurate and stable positioning.

[0054] It not only ensures the horizontality of the upper end plate 12 during the leveling process, but also achieves accurate and stable positioning, ensures uniform pressure distribution, and improves the quality and stability of the overall assembly.

[0055] See also Figure 3-10 As shown, the movable frame 71 is provided with a rotation driver 74 for driving all the clamps 72 to rotate outward away from the upper end plate 12. The rotation driver 74 is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors 6111. When there is a difference in the pressure values detected between the pressure sensors 6111, the rotation driver 74 is in a rapid unlocking state, and the torsion spring 7212 gradually returns to a normal state.

[0056] A force plate 723 is provided on the sliding sleeve of the movable frame 71, and a force-bearing portion 724 in contact with the force plate 723 is provided on the axial connection portion 721 of each clamp 72. A compression spring 7231 is provided between the force plate 723 and the movable frame 71. When the compression spring 7231 is in a normal state, the torsion spring 7212 is in a normal state, and at this time the clamp 72 is in contact with the upper end plate 12.

[0057] The rotary driver 74 includes a fixed magnetic block 741 fixedly connected to the movable frame 71 and a movable magnetic block 742 fixedly connected to the force applying plate 723 . Both the fixed magnetic block 741 and the movable magnetic block 742 are electromagnets.

[0058] During the leveling process, if there is a difference in the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors 6111, it indicates that the upper end plate 12 may be unevenly stressed. At this time, the rotary actuator 74 on the movable frame 71 quickly enters the unlocked state, allowing all the clamps 72 to rotate inwards towards the upper end plate 12 under the force of the torsion spring 7212.

[0059] The rotary driver 74 is electrically connected to all pressure sensors 6111 to ensure real-time response to any pressure changes. When the compression spring 7231 is in a normal state, the torsion spring 7212 is also in a normal state, so that the clamp 72 naturally contacts the upper end plate 12. When it is necessary to release the clamp 72 from the upper end plate 12, by controlling the electromagnetic force between the fixed magnetic block 741 and the movable magnetic block 742, the force plate 723 is accurately driven to move and act on the force-bearing part 724 of all clamps 72, so that all clamps 72 rotate outward. At this time, the stacking operation of the battery stack 1 has been completed.

[0060] See also Figures 6-10 As shown, the clamping portion 722 of each clamp 72 is provided with a rubber block 7221 for adapting to the edge of the upper end plate 12 and providing clamping buffering force.

[0061] When the clamp 72 clamps the upper end plate 12 during the leveling process, the rubber block 7221 can effectively disperse the pressure applied to the upper end plate 12 to avoid damage caused by local stress concentration.

[0062] In addition, the elastic properties of the rubber block 7221 can also provide an additional layer of protection for the upper end plate 12 during the adjustment and movement of the clamp 72, reducing the wear or scratches that may be caused by direct hard contact, thereby ensuring the integrity and stability of the upper end plate 12 during the entire stacking process.

[0063] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10As shown, a limiting structure 8 is provided between the pressure plate 5 and the press 61 to limit the horizontal swing of the press 61. The press 61 can move vertically relative to the pressure plate 5. When the press 61 is under pressure, the press 61 maintains a vertical movement state, so that the pressure of each pressure block 611 on the press 61 in contact with the upper end plate 12 remains consistent.

[0064] When pressure is applied to the press 61 , the limiting structure 8 ensures that the press 61 can maintain a vertical movement state, so that each pressing block 611 on the press 61 can evenly contact and apply force to the upper end plate 12 .

[0065] Whether in the leveling process or the final pressure application stage, the pressure of each pressure block 611 on the upper end plate 12 can be kept consistent, avoiding the problem of uneven pressure caused by tilting or offset of the press 61, thereby ensuring the stability and consistency of the fuel cell stack 1 during the assembly process.

[0066] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the pressing tool 61 is provided with a counterweight block 613 for providing a downward force when the limiting structure 8 fails.

[0067] The counterweight 613 provided on the press 61 ensures that the press 61 can maintain downward pressure even if the limit function is lost. This ensures that each pressing block 611 on the press 61 can continuously contact the upper end plate 12 and apply uniform pressure, avoiding problems such as uneven pressure or poor contact caused by unexpected failure of the limit structure 8.

[0068] The counterweight block 613 provides additional protection for the downward pressing stability and reliability of the press 61 , ensuring that the assembly process of the fuel cell stack 1 is not affected by potential failures of the limiting structure 8 .

[0069] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the limiting structure 8 has an outer guide sleeve 81 arranged on the pressure plate 5 and an inner guide sleeve 82 arranged on the pressing tool 61, and a plurality of first balls 821 are evenly distributed on the inner guide sleeve 82 along its circumferential direction, and all the first balls 821 are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the outer guide sleeve 81.

[0070] The lower end of the outer guide sleeve 81 has an anti-slip portion 811 for preventing the first ball 821 from detaching. When the press 61 is not pressed, the inner guide sleeve 82 is in contact with the anti-slip portion 811 under the action of the second ball 831 and is in a supported state.

[0071] When the press 61 is not under pressure, the inner guide sleeve 82, under the action of the second ball 831, contacts the anti-slip portion 811 and is in a supported state. This ensures the stable positioning of the press 61 while allowing it to move vertically smoothly when under pressure, while avoiding structural instability caused by horizontal displacement. This ensures the effectiveness and reliability of the limiting structure 8 and provides precise guidance and support for the press 61.

[0072] See also Figure 2-Figure 5 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the movable frame 71 is specifically an annular structure in which the pressing tool 61 is mounted. The pressing tool 61 is provided with an annular plate 83 coaxial with the movable frame 71. The annular plate 83 is evenly distributed along its circumferential direction with multiple second balls 831. All the second balls 831 are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the movable frame 71.

[0073] The upper end of the movable frame 71 has a supported portion 713 for preventing the second ball 831 from escaping. When the movable frame 71 is not lifted upward, the movable frame 71 is in contact with the second ball 831 and is in a supported state under the action of the supported portion 713 .

[0074] When the movable frame 71 is not lifted upward, it is supported by the second ball bearings 831 under the action of the supported portion 713. This not only ensures that the movable frame 71 can move vertically smoothly relative to the press 61, but also ensures that the relative position between the movable frame 71 and the press 61 remains stable in the absence of additional lifting forces, thus avoiding unnecessary horizontal displacement and enhancing the stability of the entire structure and the accuracy of operation.

[0075] The present invention uses pressure sensors 6111 to monitor and provide feedback on pressure differences between the pressing blocks 611 in real time. Once an uneven pressure distribution is detected, the leveling mechanism 7 triggers adjustments to ensure that each pressing block 611 evenly contacts the upper end plate 12, achieving pressure consistency. The rubber cushion 612, placed between the pressing tool 61 and the pressing plate 5, allows the pressing tool 61 to fine-tune and synchronize with the upper end plate 12 during the extrusion process, maintaining a horizontal position and further ensuring uniform pressure distribution.

[0076] During the leveling process of the upper end plate 12, the clamp 72 on the movable frame 71 clamps the upper end plate 12 through the rubber block 7221, dispersing the pressure to avoid local stress concentration and wear, and ensuring its integrity and stability. The movement of the movable frame 71 causes the upper end plate 12 to collide with the press 61, prompting the upper end plate 12 to remain horizontal, solving the problem of uneven force. The limiting structure 8 ensures that the press 61 only moves vertically to prevent uneven pressure caused by tilting, and the counterweight block 613 maintains downward pressure when the limit fails to ensure uniform contact with the upper end plate 12. Together, the stability and efficiency of the assembly process of the battery stack 1 are improved, avoiding performance degradation caused by uneven pressure.

[0077] The above embodiments merely represent one or more embodiments of the present invention, and their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and such modifications and improvements fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. A stacking device for a hydrogen fuel cell stack with a leveling function, used for stacking and pre-tightening a stack consisting of a lower end plate, an upper end plate, a current collecting plate, and a plurality of single cells, comprising a frame with a platform for placing the lower end plate and a hydraulic cylinder for pressing down on the upper end plate; It is characterized in that A pressure plate is fixedly provided on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a pressure head assembly is provided on the pressure plate. The pressure head assembly includes a pressing tool and a leveling structure for cooperating with the pressing tool to keep the upper end plate horizontal. When the leveling structure is in a working state, a reverse force is actively applied to the upper end plate in the direction of the pressing tool, so that the upper end plate contacts the pressing tool and is in a horizontal state before squeezing the single cell. The press has pressure blocks evenly distributed around the upper end plate. Each pressure block is equipped with a pressure sensor. When there is a difference in the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors, the leveling mechanism is immediately activated. A rubber pad is fixed between the press and the pressing plate. When the press squeezes the upper end plate, the rubber pad is gradually compressed. When the upper end plate is subjected to a reverse force by the leveling structure, the press adjusts synchronously under the push of the upper end plate until the rubber pad reaches the maximum compression, so that the press and the upper end plate remain in a horizontal state. The leveling structure has a movable frame arranged on the pressure plate and clamps arranged around the movable frame. The pressure plate is provided with a linear driver for driving the movable frame to move vertically. When the upper end plate needs to be leveled, the upper end plate is in a state of being clamped in the center by all the clamps, so that the upper end plate can be subjected to reverse force by the movable frame.

2. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Each clamp has an axial connection part and a clamping part. The movable frame is provided with an axle seat for rotatably connecting each of the axial connection parts. Each clamp can rotate toward the upper end plate. A torsion spring is provided between each of the axial connection parts and the corresponding axle seat. When the torsion spring is in a normal state, the clamping part is in a state of contact with the upper end plate.

3. The hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The movable frame is provided with a rotary driver for driving all the clamps to rotate outward away from the upper end plate. The rotary driver is electrically connected to all the pressure sensors. When there is a difference in the pressure values detected by the pressure sensors, the rotary driver is quickly unlocked and the torsion spring gradually returns to its normal state.

4. The hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The clamping portion of each clamp is provided with a rubber block for adapting to the edge of the upper end plate and providing clamping buffer force.

5. The hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 1, characterized in that: A limiting structure is provided between the pressure plate and the press to limit the horizontal swing of the press. The press can move vertically relative to the pressure plate. When the press is under pressure, the press maintains a vertical movement state so that the pressure of each pressure block on the press in contact with the upper end plate remains consistent.

6. The hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 5, characterized in that: The pressing tool is provided with a counterweight block for providing a downward force when the limiting structure fails.

7. A hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 6, characterized in that: The limiting structure comprises an outer guide sleeve arranged on the pressure plate and an inner guide sleeve arranged on the pressing tool. The inner guide sleeve is evenly distributed with a plurality of first balls along its circumferential direction, and all the first balls are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the outer guide sleeve.

8. The hydrogen fuel cell stack assembly device with a leveling function according to claim 7, characterized in that: The movable frame is specifically an annular structure in which the pressing tool is sleeved. The pressing tool is provided with an annular plate coaxial with the movable frame. The annular plate is evenly distributed with multiple second balls along its circumferential direction. All the second balls are in rolling contact with the inner wall of the movable frame.

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