Electrical battery system, electrical battery pack, and electrical battery apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to an electrical battery system comprising a replaceable battery pack for storing electrical energy, and an electrical battery device which can be electrically connected in a detachable manner to the replaceable battery pack, the battery pack having a number of substantially cylindrical electrical battery cells, wherein at least one of the electrical cells has an electrical cell impedance, the value of the cell impedance being less than 10 m [Omega], in particular less than 5 m [Omega], when an alternating current having an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, with the state of charge of the cell being 50% and the temperature of the cell being 20 DEG C to 25 DEG C, the invention relates to an electrical battery system, in particular less than or equal to 3 m [Omega], having an electronic surge current limiting device for limiting, in particular reversibly, a surge current flowing between the battery pack and the battery device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to an electrical battery system and an electrical battery pack for such an electrical battery system. The present invention also relates to an electrical battery device for such an electrical battery system. Summary of the Invention

[0002] The object of the present invention is to create an electrical battery system, an electrical battery pack for such an electrical battery system, and an electrical battery device for such an electrical battery system, which in particular each have improved characteristics.

[0003] This object is solved by the subject matter of the independent claims. Preferred embodiments are the subject matter of the dependent claims.

[0004] The electrical battery system according to the invention has a replaceable, in particular electrical, battery pack for storing electrical energy. Additionally, the electrical battery system has an electrical battery device that can be detachably electrically connected to the replaceable battery pack. The battery pack has a certain number of substantially cylindrical electrical battery cells. Suitably, the battery cells are configured to store electrical energy. At least one of the electrical battery cells, in particular each of the electrical battery cells, has an electrical battery cell impedance, where when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of the battery cell impedance is less than 10 mΩ (milliohms) when the state of charge (SOC) of the battery cell is 50% and the temperature of the battery cell is 20 °C to 25 °C. In particular, when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of the battery cell impedance is less than 5 mΩ, in particular less than or equal to 3 mΩ, when the state of charge of the battery cell is 50% and the temperature of the battery cell is 20 °C to 25 °C. In particular, for this value of the battery cell impedance, only the real part of the battery cell impedance is considered, in particular the imaginary part is not considered. The battery system also has an in particular active electronic inrush current limiting device. The inrush current limiting device is used to limit, in particular reversibly limit, the inrush current flowing between the battery pack and the battery device. In this case where in particular a small battery cell impedance is desired, relatively large inrush currents may occur, so the provision of an electronic inrush current limiting device can prove to be particularly advantageous. The inrush current limiting device can be particularly easily accessible, in particular independently of the battery cells, in particular for maintenance and / or repair purposes, which can lead to advantages in terms of reparability and / or maintainability, in particular in the context of sustainability.

[0005] In this document, "substantially cylindrical" may take into account the presence of chamfers and, alternatively or additionally, the presence of rounding at the transition between the end side of the respective substantially cylindrical battery cell and the side surface of the respective battery cell, in particular at circumferential and / or edge-like transitions. Alternatively or additionally, "substantially cylindrical" may take into account the presence of unevenness and / or profiles on at least one end side of the respective battery cell. "Substantially cylindrical" may take into account spherical shapes, in particular spherical shapes of the side surface.

[0006] In this document, "substantially cylindrical" may in particular alternatively or additionally refer to the shape of a general cylinder. Thus, it is conceivable that the respective substantially cylindrical battery cell has, for example, a prismatic shape, in particular a cuboid shape. The respective substantially cylindrical battery cell preferably has a substantially cylindrical shape. The respective substantially cylindrical battery cell may be synonymously referred to as a "round battery cell". In particular, the respective substantially cylindrical battery cell is not a pouch battery cell.

[0007] The term "configured" or "arranged" may be used synonymously with the term "constructed".

[0008] The term "comprising" or "having" may be used synonymously with the term "possessing".

[0009] The phrase "and alternatively or additionally" may be equivalently replaced by "and / or".

[0010] In this document, "control" may mean "control" and / or "regulation".

[0011] Suitably, a state of charge of 50% can be determined as follows: the respective battery cell can be charged to a predetermined nominal voltage, in particular a nominal voltage defined by the manufacturer, where the nominal voltage corresponds to a state of charge of 50%. Alternatively or additionally, the respective battery cell can first be fully discharged or charged so as then to charge or discharge exactly 50% of the capacity of the battery cell, such that a state of charge of 50% is reached and / or adjusted. It should be understood that other and / or combined methods of determination may be suitable.

[0012] Suitably, the battery cell impedance can be determined as follows: an alternating current with a fixed alternating current frequency of 1 kHz can be applied to the respective battery cell, where the alternating voltage response of the battery cell caused by said application is measured. "Applied" can be understood here as a synonym for "imposed". The battery cell impedance, in particular the value of the battery cell impedance, is obtained as the alternating current resistance (z = u / i) from the ratio of the measured alternating voltage u to the alternating current i.

[0013] Suitably, the inrush current limiting device is specifically configured to limit the inrush current, which, for example, flows directly after the battery device has been switched on and alternatively or additionally directly after the battery pack has been electrically connected to the battery device for a certain duration. The duration can depend on various parameters. The duration can be predetermined and alternatively or additionally depend on temperature, and alternatively or additionally depend on aging, and alternatively or additionally depend on the state of charge of the battery pack. In particular, when this duration has passed, the current is no longer limited by the inrush current limiting device. The inrush current limiting device can be configured to only temporarily limit the current.

[0014] Suitably, when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of the electrical battery cell impedance of the battery cell is greater than 0.1 mΩ, particularly greater than 0.5 mΩ, particularly greater than 1 mΩ, particularly greater than 2 mΩ at a state of charge of 50% and a temperature of 20 °C to 25 °C.

[0015] Suitably, the number of battery cells is 1. The number of battery cells can be multiple. The number is preferably from 1 to 500, particularly 3 to 200.

[0016] Suitably, at least two and / or all battery cells are constructed and / or specified in the same type of manner, particularly in terms of battery cell impedance and alternatively or additionally in terms of geometry.

[0017] In a design of the present invention, at least one battery cell is configured as an electrical multi-tab battery cell having at least one particularly wound multi-tab electrode. Alternatively or additionally, at least one battery cell is configured as an electrical tabless battery cell having at least one particularly wound tabless electrode.

[0018] Suitably, the tabless battery cell, particularly configured as a tabless circular battery cell, is constructed according to US2020 / 0144676 A1. The tabless battery cell can be synonymously referred to as a "ring tab battery cell" having at least one annular tab electrode, and alternatively or additionally as a "tabless ear battery cell" having at least one tabless ear electrode, and alternatively or additionally as a "tabless ear battery cell" having at least one tabless ear electrode, and alternatively or additionally as a "continuous tab battery cell" having at least one continuous tab electrode, and alternatively or additionally as a "full tab battery cell" having at least one full tab electrode.

[0019] Suitably, a battery cell generally may have two wound electrodes, which are separated from each other, in particular in a sandwich manner, by means of a separator of the respective battery cell. Here, in the case of a battery cell, in particular in the case where the battery cell is not configured as a tabless battery cell and / or not configured as a multi-tab battery cell, at least one electrode at one of its axial ends may have connection sections (tabs) that are particularly integrated and arranged separately from each other, for electrically connecting the electrode to one of the two battery cell contact sections of the battery cell in question. Here, the connection sections arranged separately from each other may form a narrow point for the current flowing between the electrode in question and the battery cell contact section in question, which may result in a relatively large battery cell impedance for such a battery cell. In particular, in the state where the battery cell is charged with electrical energy, the two battery cell contact sections are electrically polarized in opposite directions. Therefore, in the state where the battery cell is charged with electrical energy, a voltage may exist at the two battery cell contact sections. The corresponding battery cell contact sections may be formed by disc-shaped and / or cap-shaped contact elements of the battery cell.

[0020] Suitably, in particular different from a battery cell that is not configured as a tabless battery cell, a tabless battery cell may have at least one particularly wound tabless electrode, where the tabless electrode has only a single, particularly integrated and alternatively or additionally extending around the winding axis of the tabless electrode over the entire extent of the tabless electrode, particularly in a helical shape, connection section at one of its axial ends, for electrically connecting the tabless electrode to the battery cell contact section in question of the two battery cell contact sections. The tabless electrode thus particularly does not have a plurality of connection sections.

[0021] Suitably, in particular different from the tabless electrode of a tabless battery cell, the multi-tab electrode of a multi-tab battery cell may have a large number of connection sections, particularly connection sections arranged directly in succession, particularly each connection section being radially bent such that two adjacent connection sections contact each other and alternatively or additionally overlap each other.

[0022] It should be understood that suitably a hybrid form of battery cell may be conceivable, where, for example, two electrodes belong to different electrode types. In some cases, it may even be conceivable that individual electrodes belong to different electrode types, for example if the axial ends of the electrodes are configured differently.

[0023] In another design of the present invention, the battery pack has an electronic inrush current limiting device, particularly in a structurally unified manner. Alternatively or additionally, the battery device has an electronic inrush current limiting device, particularly in a structurally unified manner. Thus, the inrush current limiting device can be an integral part of the battery pack and / or the battery device. Devices constructed "structurally unified" can be fixed to each other, particularly inseparably fixed to each other, and alternatively or additionally accommodated by means of a common housing. "Inseparable" can mean "not intended to be separated" and / or "not separable without damage" here. In particular, "inseparable" can be understood as the opposite of "detachable".

[0024] Suitably, particularly as an alternative to the designs mentioned in the previous specification paragraphs, it is conceivable that the electronic inrush current limiting device is detachably arranged at the battery pack and alternatively or additionally arranged at the battery device, particularly in an adapter-like manner and alternatively or additionally universally applicable. Thus, the battery pack and the battery device can be electrically and mechanically connected by means of the inrush current limiting device, particularly detachably connected.

[0025] In another design of the present invention, the electrical battery device is constructed as an electrical processing device that can be operated by means of electrical energy from the battery pack. Alternatively or additionally, the battery device is constructed as a charger for charging a replaceable battery pack with electrical energy to be stored.

[0026] Suitably, the battery device constructed as a processing device is ground-guided and / or hand-held, particularly portable, and / or backpack-mounted and / or a garden processing device, a forestry processing device, a soil processing device, and / or a construction processing device. The processing device can be constructed to be hand-held, i.e., particularly the processing direction of the processing device can be adjusted relative to the workpiece currently being processed by the processing device by the hand of the user operating the processing device. In particular, the processing device can be a saw (particularly a chain saw), or a pole pruner, or a hedge shearer, or a hedge trimmer, or a wood trimmer or pruning shears, a cut-off grinder or a blower, or a leaf blower, or a vacuum cleaner, or a leaf sucker, or a cleaning device, or a high-pressure cleaner, or a floor sweeper, or a roller brush, or a floor brush, or a lawn mower or grass shearer, a brush cutter or a cultivator. Additionally or alternatively, the processing device can have a processing tool and / or particularly an electrical drive motor, particularly for driving the processing tool. The drive motor can be supplied with electrical energy by the battery pack, particularly for providing drive power for the processing tool.

[0027] Suitably, the battery device constructed as a charger has a power connection terminal for electrical connection to an electrical energy source, for example, electrical connection to a power supply network. The charger can be used to charge the accommodated battery pack with electrical energy from the energy source. The charger can have an electronic charging regulator.

[0028] It should be understood that a battery device configured as a processing device may have a power connection terminal for electrically connecting to an electrical energy source, for example, electrically connecting to a power supply network, so as to charge the battery pack using electrical energy from the electrical energy source. In this regard, the battery device can be configured to have a dual function, both as a processing device and as a charger.

[0029] Suitably, the battery device has an electrical device electrically connected to a surge current limiting device or capable of being electrically connected to a surge current limiting device. If the battery device is configured as a processing device, the electrical device may have an electric drive motor for driving a processing tool. If the battery device is configured as a charger, the electrical device may have an electronic charging regulator.

[0030] In another design of the present invention, the electronic surge current limiting device has at least one electronic semiconductor switch, in particular a MOSFET, for reversibly interrupting in a controlled manner, in particular automatically and alternatively or additionally, the current flowing between the battery pack and the battery device, in particular the surge current.

[0031] Suitably, the battery pack and the battery device have complementary connection interfaces for mechanically and electrically connecting the battery pack to the battery device, in particular detachably mechanically connecting and in particular detachably electrically connecting. Suitably, the battery device has a receiving device for removably receiving the battery pack and, in association therewith, electrically connecting the battery pack to the battery device, wherein the receiving device has or forms the connection interface of the battery device.

[0032] In another design of the present invention, both the battery pack and the battery device have electronic control devices. The control devices are hereby arranged, in particular programmed, to mutually identify the battery pack and the battery device and, alternatively or additionally, to coordinate with each other. The battery pack and the battery device also each have complementary, in particular electrical, communication interfaces, which are configured to communicatively connect the control devices of the battery pack and the battery device to each other. The control devices may each have an electronic microprocessor device.

[0033] In another design of the present invention, the electrical battery system has an electrical negative path for electrically connecting the battery pack to the battery device and an electrical positive path for electrically connecting the battery pack to the battery device. The surge current can flow through the negative path and the positive path, in particular successively through the negative path and the positive path. Herein, the electronic surge current limiting device is arranged in the positive path and, alternatively or additionally, arranged in the negative path. Thus, the electronic surge current limiting device can be arranged both in the positive path and in the negative path, or the electronic surge current limiting device can be arranged only in the positive path or only in the negative path.

[0034] Suitably, the current limiting device can be arranged in the electrical connection path of the battery pack, where the electrical connection path connects at least two battery cells of the battery pack to each other.

[0035] Suitably, the connection path can electrically connect at least two battery cell groups to each other, especially where these battery cell groups are electrically connected in parallel or in series via the connection path. The battery cells belonging to a group can be electrically connected in series or in parallel with each other within the group.

[0036] In another design of the present invention, each battery cell has an axial cell height and a cell diameter measured perpendicular to the cell height. Here, the cell diameter is from 10 mm to 30 mm. Alternatively or additionally, the cell height is from 40 mm to 78 mm.

[0037] The electrical battery pack according to the present invention is intended for use in the electrical battery system according to the present invention as described above. In particular, the electrical battery pack according to the present invention is configured for use in an electrical battery system. The electrical battery pack has a certain number of electrical battery cells, where at least one, especially each electrical battery cell, has an electrical battery cell impedance, and where, when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of this battery cell impedance is less than 10 mΩ, especially less than 5 mΩ, especially less than or equal to 3 mΩ, in the case where the state of charge of the battery cell is 50% and the temperature of the battery cell is from 20 °C to 25 °C. The battery pack can have an electronic inrush current limiting device for especially reversibly limiting the inrush current.

[0038] In a design of the present invention, the battery pack has an electronic control device which is set, especially programmed, to identify the battery device and alternatively or additionally to identify the identity of the battery pack. Here, the battery pack has a communication interface for communicatively connecting the electronic control device of the battery pack to the electronic control device of the battery device via a complementary communication interface of the battery device.

[0039] In another design of the present invention, the battery pack has an electronic inrush current limiting device in a structurally unified manner.

[0040] Suitably, at least one battery cell does not have a "Current Interrupt Device (CID)". In particular, such a CID exists as a current interruption device in a common cylindrical battery cell, especially an integrated and / or non-removable one. The CID of a common cylindrical battery cell is particularly configured to irreversibly limit, especially interrupt, the current, i.e., once the CID is triggered to limit the current once, the CID loses its function and / or is irreversibly damaged. In particular, in the case of a common cylindrical battery cell, the triggering of an integrated, especially inseparably integrated, CID causes the entire cylindrical battery cell to be unusable and / or irreversibly damaged, so that the entire common cylindrical battery cell has to be replaced. In this regard, dispensing with the integrated CID can have a beneficial impact on the sustainability of the battery pack, especially since the entire at least one battery cell does not have to be replaced after the current has been limited. Dispensing with the CID of the battery cell can also have a beneficial impact on the electrical battery cell impedance of the battery cell.

[0041] It is conceivable that the battery pack can have at least one or exactly one battery cell without a CID and at least one or exactly one other battery cell with a CID. However, preferably, none of the battery cells in the battery pack have a CID.

[0042] The current limiting device of the battery pack can be configured to limit the total current flowing between the battery pack and the battery device and / or the current across the battery cells. Thus, at least some battery cells, especially all battery cells, can share the current limiting device.

[0043] In particular, alternatively or additionally, it is conceivable that at least two battery cells of the battery pack are each assigned a current limiting device of the battery pack, especially where at least two of the current limiting devices are configured separately from the battery cells. The current limiting device can be controlled by means of an electronic control unit of the battery pack, especially a central electronic control unit, especially to limit the current of each battery cell and / or across the battery cells. In particular, each battery cell can be individually assigned a current limiting device. The control unit can correspond to and / or be in control connection with the control device of the battery pack.

[0044] The electrical battery device according to the invention is intended for use in the electrical battery system according to the invention as described above. Suitably, the electrical battery device according to the invention can thus be configured for use in the electrical battery system according to the invention. The electrical battery device has an electronic control device which is arranged, especially programmed, to identify the identity of the battery device and alternatively or additionally to identify the battery pack connected to the battery device. The battery device also has a communication interface for communicatively connecting the electronic control device of the battery device to the electronic control device of the battery pack by means of a complementary communication interface of the battery pack.

[0045] In the design of the present invention, the battery device has an electronic inrush current limiting device, particularly in a structurally unified manner.

[0046] It should be understood that both the battery device and the battery pack can have their own, particularly integrated, electronic inrush current limiting devices, where the inrush current limiting devices can in this case be constructed at least partially or only partially redundantly with respect to each other.

[0047] It is also conceivable that, particularly alternatively or additionally, the battery device and the battery pack each have only one segment of the inrush current limiting device, where these segments engage together to complete the inrush current limiting device when the battery device is detachably connected to the battery pack. In particular, the respective segments alone cannot limit the inrush current. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] Further advantages and features of the present invention result from the claims and the following description of preferred embodiments of the present invention shown based on the drawings. Here, the same reference numerals denote identical, similar, or functionally identical components.

[0049] It should be understood that, without departing from the scope of the present invention, the above-described features and the features to be explained below can be used not only in the combinations separately described, but also in other combinations or individually.

[0050] Figure 1 An embodiment of an electrical battery system according to the present invention is shown in a structural diagram.

[0051] Figure 2 Another embodiment of an electrical battery system according to the present invention is shown in a structural diagram.

[0052] Figure 3 An embodiment of an electrical battery pack according to the present invention for an electrical battery system according to Figure 1 or Figure 2 is shown in a schematic side view.

[0053] Figure 4 An electrical battery device configured as a charger for an electrical battery system according to Figure 1 or according to Figure 2 is shown in a schematic perspective view, and

[0054] Figure 5 Another embodiment of a battery system according to the present invention is shown in a schematic side view, which battery system has a battery device configured as a processing device and a battery pack particularly according to Figure 3 . DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0055] The electrical battery system 1 has a replaceable battery pack 2 for storing electrical energy. The electrical battery system 1 also has an electrical battery device 3, which can be electrically connected to the replaceable battery pack 2 in a detachable manner. In the present case, the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 have complementary connection interfaces 12 for the mechanical and electrical connection of the battery pack 2 to the battery device 3.

[0056] The battery device 3 is configured, for example, as an electrical processing device 8, see Figure 5 . The processing device 8 can be operated with electrical energy from the battery pack 2. Alternatively or additionally, the battery device 3 is configured as a charger 9, see Figure 4 . The charger 9 can be configured to charge the replaceable battery pack 2 with the electrical energy to be stored.

[0057] According to Figure 5 , the battery device 3 configured as the processing device 8 is configured as a motorized chain saw. The processing device 8 can have an electric drive motor, which is configured to drive the processing tool of the processing device 8. In the present case, the processing tool is a saw chain. The drive motor can be supplied with electrical energy by the electric battery pack 2 in order to provide drive power for the processing tool.

[0058] The battery device 3 configured as the charger 9 can have a power connection terminal for electrical connection to an electrical energy source, for example electrical connection to a power supply network. The charger 9 can be used to charge the battery pack 2 with electrical energy from this energy source. The charger 9 can have an electronic charging regulator.

[0059] It should be understood that the battery device 3 configured as the processing device 8 can have a power connection terminal ( Figure 5 not shown in ) for electrical connection to an electrical energy source, for example electrical connection to a power supply network, in order to charge the battery pack 2 with electrical energy from the electrical energy source. In this regard, the battery device 3 can be configured with a dual function both as the processing device 8 and as the charger 9.

[0060] The battery device 3 can have an electrical device 17 that is electrically connected or can be electrically connected to a surge current limiting device 4. If the battery device 3 is configured as the processing device 8, the device 17 can have an electric drive motor for driving the processing tool. If the battery device 3 is configured as the charger 9, the device 17 can have an electronic charging regulator.

[0061] The battery pack 2 has a certain number of substantially cylindrical electrical battery cells 5. Each battery cell 5 can be configured to store electrical energy. Here, at least one (in the current case, each) of the electrical battery cells 5 has an electrical battery cell impedance, where when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of the battery cell impedance, especially only the real part, is less than 10 mΩ, especially less than 5 mΩ, and in the current case less than or equal to 3 mΩ when the state of charge of the battery cell 5 is 50% and the temperature of the battery cell 5 is 20 °C to 25 °C. For each battery cell 5, the value of the battery cell impedance can be greater than 0.1 mΩ, especially greater than 0.5 mΩ, especially greater than 1 mΩ, and in the current case greater than 2 mΩ.

[0062] The number of battery cells 5 can be 1. In the current case, the number of battery cells 5 can be multiple. The number is preferably from 1 to 500, especially from 3 to 200, and in the current case is 6.

[0063] For example, at least two and / or all of the battery cells 5 are constructed and / or specified in the same type of manner, especially in terms of battery cell impedance and / or geometry.

[0064] In the current case, each battery cell 5 has an axial cell height and a cell diameter measured perpendicular to the cell height. Here, the cell diameter is, for example, from 10 mm to 30 mm. Alternatively or additionally, the cell height is from 40 mm to 78 mm.

[0065] The electrical battery system 1 has an electronic inrush current limiting device 4 for limiting the inrush current flowing between the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3. For example, the electronic inrush current limiting device 4 is configured to reversibly limit the inrush current.

[0066] The inrush current limiting device 4 can be specifically configured to limit the inrush current that, for example, flows for a specific duration directly after the battery device 3 has been switched on and / or directly after the battery pack 2 has been electrically connected to the battery device 3. This duration can depend on various parameters. This duration can be predetermined and / or depend on temperature and / or depend on aging and / or depend on the state of charge of the battery pack 2.

[0067] At least one (e.g., each) battery cell 5 can be configured as a multi-tab battery cell having at least one (e.g., wound) multi-tab electrode. Alternatively or additionally, at least one (e.g., each) battery cell 5 - as in the current case - can be configured as a tabless battery cell 6 having at least one (in the current case wound) tabless electrode 7.

[0068] For example, the tabless electrode 7 of the corresponding tabless cell 6 is wound. The tabless electrode 7 can have only a single, in particular integrated and / or extending over the entire extent of the tabless electrode 7 around the winding axis of the tabless electrode 7 connection section (tab) at one of its axial ends for electrically connecting the tabless electrode 7 to the associated cell contact section of the tabless cell 6. The tabless electrode 7 thus in particular does not have a plurality of connection sections. Different from the tabless electrode 7 of the tabless cell 6, the multi-tab electrode of the multi-tab cell can have a large number of connection sections, in particular connection sections arranged directly in succession, which are in particular radially bent such that two adjacent connection sections contact and / or overlap each other. A hybrid form of the cell 5 is conceivable.

[0069] For example, the battery pack 2 has an electronic inrush current limiting device 4, see Figure 1 and Figure 3 . Alternatively or additionally, the battery device 3 can have an electronic inrush current limiting device 4, see Figure 2 and Figure 4 .

[0070] The inrush current limiting device 4 can be integrally included by the battery pack 2, see Figure 1 . Alternatively or additionally, the inrush current limiting device 4 can be integrally included by the battery device 3, see Figure 2 . The devices of the "integral" construction can be fixed to each other here, in particular inseparably fixed to each other and / or accommodated by means of a common housing.

[0071] As an alternative to the illustrated embodiment, it is conceivable that the electronic inrush current limiting device 4 is detachably arranged at the battery pack 2 and / or at the battery device 3, in particular in an adapter-like and / or universally applicable manner. In this case, the inrush current limiting device 4 can thus be arranged as a separate device between the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 in order to detachably electrically connect the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 to each other.

[0072] The electronic inrush current limiting device 4 has, for example, at least one electronic semiconductor switch 10. The electronic semiconductor switch 10 can be a MOSFET 11. The electronic semiconductor switch 10 can be used to interrupt in a controlled manner, in particular automatically and / or reversibly in a controlled manner, the current flowing between the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3, in particular the inrush current. The semiconductor switch 10 can be configured to turn on the resistance element of the inrush current limiting device 4.

[0073] For example, the battery pack 2 has an electronic control device 13. In the present case, the battery device 3 also has, in particular, a different electronic control device 13. The battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 each also have complementary communication interfaces 14, which are configured to communicatively connect the control devices 13 of the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 to each other. The control device 13 can have an electronic microprocessor device.

[0074] The control devices 13 of the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 are, for example, set and, in the present case, programmed to mutually identify the battery pack 2 and the battery device 3 and, alternatively or additionally, to coordinate with each other.

[0075] The electronic control device 13 of the battery pack 2 is set, in particular programmed, to, for example, identify the battery device 3 and, alternatively or additionally, to identify the identity of the battery pack 2. The communication interface 14 of the battery pack 2 can be configured to communicatively connect the electronic control device 13 of the battery pack 2 to the electronic control device 13 of the battery device 3 by means of the complementary communication interface 14 of the battery device 3.

[0076] The electronic control device 13 of the battery device 3 is set, in particular programmed, to, for example, identify the identity of the battery device 3 and, alternatively or additionally, to identify the battery pack 2 connected to the battery device 3. The communication interface 14 of the battery device 3 can be configured to communicatively connect the electronic control device 13 of the battery device 3 to the electronic control device 13 of the battery pack 2 by means of the complementary communication interface 14 of the battery pack 2.

[0077] The electrical battery system 1 has, for example, an electrical negative path 15 for electrically connecting the battery pack 2 to the battery device 3. Additionally, in the present case, the battery system 1 has an electrical positive path 16 for electrically connecting the battery pack 2 to the battery device 3. Here, the surge current limiting device 4 can be arranged in the positive path 16 and, alternatively or additionally, in the negative path 15. According to Figure 1 , the electronic surge current limiting device 4 is arranged only in the positive path 16. In contrast, according to Figure 2 , the surge current limiting device 4 is arranged both in the positive path 16 and in the negative path 15. It should be understood that, alternatively, the surge current limiting device 4 can be arranged only in the negative path 15.

Claims

1. An electrical battery system (1), comprising: - a replaceable battery pack (2) for storing electrical energy, and - an electrical battery device (3) which can be electrically connected to the replaceable battery pack (2) in a detachable manner, - wherein the battery pack (2) has a number of substantially cylindrical electrical battery cells (5), - at least one of the electrical cells (5) has an electrical cell impedance, wherein when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of the cell impedance is less than 10 mΩ, in particular less than 5 mΩ, in particular less than or equal to 3 mΩ, at a state of charge of the cell (5) of 50% and a temperature of the cell (5) of 20° C. to 25° C., - wherein the electrical battery system (1) has an electronic surge current limiting device (4) for limiting, in particular reversibly, a surge current flowing between the battery pack (2) and the battery device (3).

2. The electrical battery system (1) according to claim 1, - wherein at least one cell (5) is designed as a multi-tab cell with at least one, in particular wound, multi-tab electrode and / or as a tabless cell (6) with at least one, in particular wound, tabless electrode (7).

3. The electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the battery pack (2) has the electronic surge current limiting device (4), in particular in a structurally uniform manner, and / or The battery device (3) has the electronic surge current limiting device, in particular in a structurally uniform manner.

4. The electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the electrical battery device (3) is designed as an electrical processing device (8) which can be operated with the aid of electrical energy from the battery pack (2), and / or The electrical battery device (3) is designed as a charger (9) for charging the replaceable battery (2) with electrical energy to be stored.

5. The electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the electronic surge current limiting device (4) has at least one electronic semiconductor switch (10), in particular a MOSFET (11), for interrupting a current, in particular a surge current, flowing between the battery pack (2) and the battery device (3), in particular automatically and / or reversibly in a controlled manner.

6. The electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, - the battery pack (2) and the battery device (3) both have an electronic control device (13), wherein the control device (13) is configured, in particular programmed, to recognize the battery pack (2) and the battery device (3) from each other and / or to coordinate with each other, - wherein the battery pack (2) and the battery device (3) each have a complementary communication interface (14) for connecting the control devices (13) of the battery pack (2) and the battery device (3) to each other for communication.

7. The electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the electrical battery system (1) has a negative electrical path (15) for electrically connecting the battery pack (2) to the battery device (3) and a positive electrical path (16) for electrically connecting the battery pack (2) to the battery device (3), - wherein the electronic surge current limiting device (4) is arranged in the positive path (16) and / or in the negative path (15).

8. The electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, - wherein the battery cells (5) each have an axial cell height and a cell diameter measured perpendicular to the cell height, - wherein the cell diameter is from 10 mm to 30 mm and / or the cell height is from 40 mm to 78 mm.

9. An electrical battery pack (2) for an electrical battery system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the battery pack (2) has: - a number of electrical battery cells (5), wherein at least one of the electrical cells (5) has an electrical cell impedance, wherein when an alternating current with an alternating current frequency of 1 kHz is applied, the value of the cell impedance is less than 10 mΩ, in particular less than 5 mΩ, in particular less than or equal to 3 mΩ, at a state of charge of the cell (5) of 50% and a temperature of the cell (5) of 20° C. to 25° C., - wherein the battery (2) has an electronic surge current limiting device (4) for limiting surge currents, in particular reversibly.

10. The electrical battery (2) according to claim 9, - the battery pack (2) has an electronic control device (13) which is configured, in particular programmed, to recognize the battery device (3) and / or to recognize the identity of the battery pack (2), - wherein the battery pack (2) has a communication interface (14) for communicatively connecting the electronic control device (13) of the battery pack (2) to the electronic control device (13) of the battery device (3) by means of a complementary communication interface (14) of the battery device (3).

11. An electric battery device (3) for an electric battery system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electric battery device (3) comprises: an electronic control device (13) which is configured, in particular programmed, to recognize the identity of the battery device (3) and / or to recognize the battery pack (2) connected to the battery device (3), - wherein the battery device (3) has a communication interface (14) for communicatively connecting the electronic control device (13) of the battery device (3) to the electronic control device (13) of the battery pack (2) by means of a complementary communication interface (14) of the battery pack (2).

12. An electrical battery device (3) and / or an electrical battery (2) for an electrical battery system (1) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, - wherein the battery pack (2) has an electronic surge current limiting device (4) in a structurally uniform manner, and / or - wherein the battery device (3) has an electronic surge current limiting device (4), in particular in a structurally uniform manner.

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