Multifunctional protective hood

Abstract

The invention discloses a multifunctional protective hood, and belongs to the technical field of protective equipment. According to the technical scheme, the head cover is characterized by comprising a protective cover body, an environment sensor group, a modular filtering unit, an environment regulation and control assembly and an intelligent control center. The protective cover body forms a face closed space; the environment sensor group is used for acquiring various environment and physiological data; the modularized filtering unit is provided with multiple stages of filtering layers and is connected with an oxygen supply module; the environment regulation and control assembly can regulate the internal temperature; the intelligent control center controls the filter layer and the oxygen supply module according to sensor data. The hood solves the problem that the protection function of existing protection equipment cannot be intelligently adjusted according to the environment and the physiological state of the human body. Through the technical means, the beneficial effects that the protection strategy is dynamically adjusted according to the real-time environment and the physiological state of the user, the protection reliability and comfort are improved, and the equipment endurance time is prolonged are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of protective equipment, and particularly to a multifunctional protective hood. Background Art

[0002] With the intensification of global climate change and environmental pollution, the health threats posed by suspended particulate matters such as pollen and PM2.5 in the air to allergic people are becoming increasingly significant. At the same time, the popularization of plateau tourism and outdoor operations has led to a continuous increase in the demand for portable oxygen supply equipment. Traditional protective equipment such as masks and eye masks has problems of single function and poor adaptability: ordinary masks can filter particulate matters but cannot cope with the low-oxygen environment on the plateau; portable oxygen supply equipment is usually independent of the protective device, needs to be worn additionally and has complex operations.

[0003] In the prior art, products of protective hoods mostly focus on the optimization of single functions. For example, some hoods for plateau use integrate an oxygen supply module but lack the ability to filter particulate matters and cannot be used in sandy dust or pollen environments; while allergic protective hoods are equipped with an efficient filtration system but do not consider the oxygen supply requirement, and long-term wearing is likely to cause an increase in breathing resistance and the risk of hypoxia. In addition, the temperature control systems of existing equipment are mostly passive designs and cannot dynamically adjust the air flow temperature and distribution according to environmental changes, and it is easy to cause discomfort when worn in extremely high or low temperature environments.

[0004] The core problems of the prior art are as follows: functional fragmentation, the functional modules such as protection, oxygen supply, and temperature control operate independently, lacking a collaborative control logic, resulting in a large volume and low energy efficiency of the equipment; insufficient environmental adaptability, the fixed filtration or oxygen supply strategies cannot dynamically respond to changes in pollution levels, altitude, and user physiological states; comfort defects, the sealing design sacrifices breathability, and it is easy to generate stuffiness or condensation problems during long-term use, while forced ventilation may exacerbate energy consumption. Therefore, there is an urgent need for an integrated and intelligent protective hood that can autonomously coordinate the functions of filtration, oxygen supply, and temperature control in complex environments, while taking into account both the protective efficacy and the use comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention overcomes the problem that existing protective equipment cannot intelligently adjust the protection function according to the environment and human physiological states. Through effective technical means, it realizes the dynamic adjustment of the protection strategy according to the real-time environment and user physiological states, and achieves beneficial effects such as improving the protection reliability and comfort, and extending the battery life of the equipment.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following solutions: A multifunctional protective hood, which comprises: A protective hood body, which forms a facial closed space; An environmental sensor group is provided on the main body of the protective cover, and at least includes: a particulate matter detection unit for obtaining air suspension concentration data in real time, a barometric pressure detection unit for continuously collecting altitude data, and a physiological parameter detection unit for periodically obtaining the user's blood oxygen data; At least one modular filtering unit is installed at the air inlet position at the front end of the main body of the protective cover. The modular filtering unit is provided with multiple filtering layers, and an oxygen supply module is connected to the rear end through a flexible pipeline; An environmental regulation component includes a ventilation device provided on the top of the main body of the protective cover. A temperature regulation element is integrated in the air flow channel of the ventilation device, and the temperature regulation element includes a refrigeration unit and a heating unit; the ventilation device obtains the real-time temperature inside the protective cover through a temperature sensor, and compares the real-time temperature with a reference temperature to select to start the refrigeration unit or the heating unit; An intelligent control center is embedded in the main body of the protective cover and is electrically connected to the environmental sensor group, the modular filtering unit and the oxygen supply module, and stores a preset environmental parameter threshold matrix. The preset environmental parameter threshold matrix includes a first threshold range corresponding to the air suspension concentration and a second threshold range corresponding to the altitude; the operations performed by the intelligent control center include: According to the comparison result between the obtained air suspension concentration data and the first threshold range, at least one filtering layer in the multiple filtering layers is activated; according to the comparison result between the obtained altitude data and the second threshold range, combined with the user's blood oxygen data, the opening and closing state and the oxygen supply mode of the oxygen supply module are dynamically controlled. The oxygen supply modes include continuous oxygen supply and intermittent oxygen supply.

[0007] Preferably, the multiple filtering layers are set to three levels: an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer. The ways for the intelligent control center to activate the filtering layers include: When the real-time suspension concentration exceeds the upper limit of the first threshold range, all three filtering layers are activated; when the real-time suspension concentration is within the first threshold range, only the middle layer and the inner layer are activated; when the real-time suspension concentration is lower than the lower limit of the first threshold range, only the inner layer is activated; The ways for the intelligent control center to dynamically control the opening and closing state and the oxygen supply mode of the oxygen supply module include: When the real-time altitude exceeds the upper limit of the second threshold range and the blood oxygen saturation is continuously detected less than 90% three times, the oxygen supply module is controlled to execute the continuous oxygen supply mode; When the real-time altitude is within the second threshold range and the blood oxygen saturation fluctuates between 88-92%, the oxygen supply module is controlled to start the intermittent oxygen supply mode, and the oxygen supply time interval is adjusted according to the real-time blood oxygen saturation; When the real-time altitude is lower than the lower limit of the second threshold range, oxygen supply is performed according to the blood oxygen saturation. The specific method is as follows: When the blood oxygen data is continuously lower than 92% for 10 seconds, intermittent oxygen supply is activated. The oxygen supply pulse frequency f is calculated according to the formula f = 0.2×(100 - SpO2) Hz, where SpO2 is the real-time blood oxygen saturation percentage; When the blood oxygen data is continuously detected less than 88% three times in a row, switch to the continuous oxygen supply mode until the blood oxygen recovers to 94% and remains for 2 minutes.

[0008] Preferably, the actuator of the intermittent oxygen supply mode includes: A micro solenoid valve group, which includes a main control valve and a compensation valve in parallel. The main control valve uses a direct-acting solenoid valve, and the compensation valve is a piezoelectric ceramic micro flow valve; A dynamic frequency adjustment module, which adjusts the oxygen supply pulse parameters in real time according to the blood oxygen decline rate. The adjustment method is as follows: When the blood oxygen drops by more than 2% per minute, start the main control valve and the compensation valve to work synchronously. The main control valve executes the basic pulse, opening for 0.3 seconds and closing for 0.5 seconds in one cycle; the compensation valve superimposes high-frequency micro pulses, opening for 0.1 seconds and closing for 0.2 seconds in one cycle; When the blood oxygen fluctuation range is <1%, only the main control valve executes intermittent oxygen supply, and the oxygen supply interval time is dynamically extended according to the blood oxygen stability; An oxygen supply verification mechanism, which includes the following steps: After each oxygen supply pulse ends, record the actual output through a flow sensor; when the oxygen supply deviation of three consecutive pulses > 20%, switch to the standby oxygen supply channel, forcibly turn off the power of the faulty valve and activate the standby bypass manual control interface; at the initial stage of starting the continuous oxygen supply mode, adopt a ramp-type pressure increase control, and the oxygen supply flow linearly increases from 0 to the set value within 5 seconds.

[0009] Preferably, the multi-stage filter layer adopts a coaxial nested structure, including a honeycomb activated carbon cylinder on the outer layer, an annular HEPA filter on the middle layer, and a nanofiber membrane cylinder on the inner layer. The three-layer filter structure is coaxial and the distance is A, forming an independent air flow chamber. The air flow direction is: from the outer chamber to the middle chamber, from the middle chamber to the inner chamber, and the inner chamber is separated from the inner space of the hood through the nanofiber membrane cylinder on the inner layer; Three independent electromagnetic control air inlets are arranged at the top of the shell of the modular filter unit: The diameter of the first air inlet is B, which is connected to the inlet of the outer chamber; the diameter of the second air inlet is C, and it is directly connected to the inlet of the middle chamber through a radial diversion pipe; the diameter of the third air inlet is D, and it penetrates through the outer and middle layer structures through a central conduit and is directly connected to the front end of the inner chamber; among them, B > C > D; The specific method of selectively activating the multi-stage filter layer is as follows: When the suspended matter concentration < 50 μg / m³, only the solenoid valve of the third air inlet is opened, so that the air flow reaches the inner nanofiber membrane directly through the central conduit; when the suspended matter concentration is 50 - 100 μg / m³, the first air inlet is closed, and only the solenoid valve of the second air inlet is opened, so that the air flow forms a two - layer series filtration through the middle layer and the inner layer; when the suspended matter concentration > 100 μg / m³, only the solenoid valve of the first air inlet is opened, so that the air flow performs a three - layer series filtration from the outside to the inside.

[0010] Preferably, the headgear further includes an interaction unit, and the interaction unit includes a display device and a voice input device, where: The display device uses a curved - fitting OLED panel, which is embedded in the corresponding area of the forehead on the inner wall of the protective cover. The display interface of the display device is divided into three dynamic information areas. The left - hand area renders a three - dimensional distribution map of particulate matter concentration in real time, the middle area superimposes and displays the altitude number and trend curve, and the right - hand area shows the blood oxygen saturation data in the form of a circular progress bar; The voice input device consists of a circular array of multiple micro - MEMS microphones. The center of the array is located inside the lower jaw part of the protective cover. The micro - MEMS microphones are evenly distributed to form a beam - forming sound - pickup area; the voice signal processing module includes a pre - noise reduction circuit and a neural network voiceprint recognition engine. The noise reduction circuit uses an adaptive filtering algorithm to eliminate background noise, and the neural network voiceprint recognition engine extracts the voice features of a specific frequency band of the user for instruction matching; The cooperative control mechanism of the voice input device is as follows: When the voice signal processing module recognizes a data display instruction, it wakes up the OLED panel and highlights the corresponding information area; when it detects no operation for 10 seconds, the control panel switches to a low - refresh - rate energy - saving mode; when it recognizes a temperature adjustment instruction, it controls the deflection angle of the deflector and the opening and closing parameters of the shutter blades through the environmental control component to adjust the temperature inside the headgear; when it recognizes a filtration mode switching instruction, it activates the corresponding filtration layer through the intelligent control center; when it recognizes an oxygen supply mode adjustment instruction, it modifies the oxygen supply method and oxygen supply parameters of the oxygen supply module through the intelligent control center.

[0011] Preferably, the environmental control component specifically includes the following structure and cooperative working mode: The refrigeration unit uses a thermoelectric cooler. Its cold end is connected to an aluminum heat - dissipating fin array, and the fin spacing forms a vertical air flow channel; the heating unit uses a nickel - chromium alloy heating wire coated with a ceramic insulation layer, and the heating wire is arranged in a wavy shape on a high - temperature mica substrate; the refrigeration unit and the heating unit are arranged in parallel, and a flip - type deflector is arranged in the middle. The deflector controls the deflection angle through a micro - servo motor to select the air flow path; The inner wall of the air duct of the air flow channel is provided with spiral flow guiding ribs, and the height of the ribs gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end to form a turbulence suppression structure; the air outlet grille of the air flow channel adopts a louver type adjustable structure, and a micro stepping motor is arranged at the axis of each blade; the temperature of the facial area is detected by an array of temperature sensors, and the opening and closing angles of each blade are independently adjusted according to the temperature distribution; When it is detected that the temperature of the forehead area is 2°C higher than that of the cheek area, the deflector deflects to the refrigeration side and adjusts the louver blades to tilt downward by 15°; when it is detected that the temperature of the breathing area is 3°C lower than that of the neck area, the heating unit is activated and the diverter is controlled to direct 60% of the air flow to the chin area; during the mode switching process, the working voltage of the semiconductor refrigeration chip and the energization period of the heating wire are dynamically adjusted by a PID controller.

[0012] Preferably, the temperature detection and coordinated control method of the temperature adjustment element is as follows: Distributed temperature sensing nodes are arranged in the key heat exchange areas on the inner wall of the protective cover, a macro detection probe is installed at the corresponding position of the human forehead, the surface of the probe is covered with a heat conduction layer and maintains a non-contact detection gap with the skin, the detection ends of the zygomatic bone areas on both sides of the human face are extended to the adjacent facial areas through copper heat conduction rods, and an air flow temperature monitoring point is arranged at the outlet of the breathing channel; the detection signals of each sensing node are preprocessed by a differential amplification circuit and then input into the control unit of the environmental control component, a three-dimensional facial temperature field model is constructed and a thermal map is generated in real time to identify the high-temperature concentration area and the low-temperature abnormal area; When the three-dimensional temperature field model shows continuous temperature rise in the forehead area, the control unit first drives the deflector to deflect to the side of the semiconductor refrigeration chip, synchronously increases the working voltage of the refrigeration chip and adjusts the downward tilt angle of the louver blades to make the cooling air flow cover the high-temperature area directionally; if the temperature difference between the neck and the breathing area exceeds the set range, the nickel-chromium alloy heating wire is started and the rotation angle of the diverter is controlled to direct the main air flow to the low-temperature area, and at the same time, the rotation speed of the axial flow fan in the air flow channel is reduced to extend the air flow heating time; The temperature adjustment element is configured with a safety control unit, and each sensing node is equipped with a backup sensor group. When a sudden change in temperature data is detected, it automatically switches to the backup sensor group and starts a self-check program. When it is detected that both the refrigeration unit and the heating unit fail, the emergency heat dissipation holes are forced to open and the natural ventilation mode is switched. When continuous temperature control failure is detected, a warning is triggered and the fan power level is increased.

[0013] Preferably, the oxygen supply module adopts a dual-source oxygen supply switching system, which specifically includes: The main and auxiliary dual air intake channel structure, where the main air intake channel is connected to an internal oxygen bag, a normally closed electromagnetic cut-off valve is arranged in the main air intake channel, and a first pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the valve body; the auxiliary air intake channel is externally connected to a quick-release oxygen supply backpack, a one-way solenoid valve is arranged in the auxiliary air intake channel, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the valve body; The oxygen supply module controls the switching of the oxygen supply source in the following ways: Set the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold for the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor respectively. When the pressure value of one of the pressure sensors P1 is lower than the corresponding pressure threshold, while the pressure value of the other pressure sensor P2 is higher than the corresponding pressure threshold, only open the solenoid valve of the intake passage corresponding to P2; When the pressure values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor in the dual channels are both higher than the corresponding effective pressure thresholds, preferentially use the secondary channel for oxygen supply and keep the main channel closed, and adjust the opening ratio of the valves of the two channels through the PID controller; When the pressure values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor in the dual channels are both lower than the preset safety pressure critical value, trigger an oxygen replenishment warning; A Venturi mixing tube is provided at the intersection of the main and secondary intake channels. The throat diameter of the mixing tube is 0.6 times the diameter of the main intake channel; a turbine flowmeter is installed at the outlet end of the mixing tube to obtain real-time flow feedback data to the control unit of the oxygen supply module.

[0014] Preferably, the specific structure and data acquisition method of the environmental sensor group are as follows: The particulate matter detection unit uses a laser scattering sensor, which is installed outside the protective cover through a three-point shock-absorbing bracket. The signal line of the laser scattering sensor is hermetically treated with a silicone rubber seal ring at the place where it passes through the protective cover wall; The air pressure detection unit includes a MEMS air pressure sensor chip, which is encapsulated in a cavity with a vent hole. The cavity is fixed on the top of the protective cover, and a spiral decompression airway is opened on the side wall of the cavity. The airway is filled with a porous metal filter element for balancing air pressure mutations; The physiological parameter detection unit is composed of a reflective optoelectronic sensor array. The array includes two groups of detection modules symmetrically arranged in the temple contact area. Each group of modules includes a red light LED, an infrared LED and a photodiode. The LED light source extends through a light guide column and is connected with a silicone contact pad; During the communication process between each sensor unit of the environmental sensor group and the intelligent control center, the particulate matter detection unit sends a concentration data packet every 200 ms, including the original scattered light intensity value and the self-calibration coefficient; the air pressure detection unit uploads the absolute pressure value after temperature compensation per second; the physiological parameter detection unit transmits the dual-wavelength light absorption rate data at a frequency of 10 Hz.

[0015] Preferably, the physiological parameter detection unit realizes blood oxygen detection through a multi-modal signal processing algorithm. The specific implementation method is as follows: The red LED and the infrared LED are driven in an alternating pulse mode, and each wavelength light source is alternately lit in a 10 ms cycle. After the reflected light signal received by the photodiode is converted into a voltage signal by a transimpedance amplifier, the common-mode interference of ambient light is eliminated by an instrumentation amplifier in sequence, and then the gain multiple is dynamically adjusted by a gain amplifier to make the peak-to-peak value of the output signal stable within a preset voltage range; an acceleration sensor is integrated in the physiological parameter detection unit, and the acceleration data of the acceleration sensor is synchronously collected and input into the digital filtering module, and the wavelet transform algorithm is used to separate the signal baseline drift caused by head movement and extract the pure AC component of the pulse wave. The absorbance under red light and infrared light is obtained by comparing the emission signals of the two wavelength lights and the received reflected light signals, the absorbance ratio of the two wavelength lights is calculated, and the original blood oxygen value is obtained by inputting it into the pre-stored calibration model; the calibration model establishes a non-linear mapping relationship between the absorbance ratio and the blood oxygen saturation through experimental data and is stored in the flash memory of the physiological parameter detection unit. The measurement results of the two groups of detection modules are compared in real time. When the difference between the bilateral data exceeds the set threshold for three consecutive times, the self-check process is started: the light source drive circuit of the current main module is turned off, the data is collected by switching to the standby module, and the bilateral data consistency index is recalculated; if the difference still exceeds the tolerance range, the historical data interpolation compensation algorithm is activated, and a trend model is established based on the effective data in the previous 30 seconds to output a substitution value.

[0016] The present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: (1) Through the cooperation of the environmental sensor group and the intelligent control center, the dynamic adaptation of the air filtration level, oxygen supply mode and temperature control strategy is realized, and the protection reliability in complex environments is significantly improved; (2) The combined use of the multi-stage filter layer hierarchical activation mechanism and the intelligent regulation of the oxygen supply module reduces energy consumption while ensuring the filtration efficiency and extends the battery life of the device; (3) The collaborative design of the dual-source oxygen supply system and the interaction unit realizes seamless oxygen supply switching and multi-modal human-machine interaction, improving the operation convenience and safety in emergency scenarios; (4) The dynamic air flow distribution and temperature field modeling technology of the temperature control component optimize the thermal energy utilization efficiency, solve the problem of local overcooling or overheating, and enhance the wearing comfort; (5) The combined optimization of the modular filter structure and the physiological parameter detection algorithm realizes the dual improvement of the filter material life extension and the blood oxygen detection accuracy, and reduces the equipment maintenance cost. Description of the Drawings

[0017] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the distribution of function modules of a multi-functional protective hood provided by the present invention; Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of a modular filter unit of the present invention.

[0018] In the figure: protective cover body 1, modular filtering unit 2, physiological parameter detection unit 3, interaction unit 4, particulate matter detection unit 5, environmental regulation component 6, intelligent control center 7, air pressure detection unit 8, outer chamber 201, middle chamber 202, inner chamber 203, first air inlet 204, second air inlet 205, third air inlet 206. Detailed implementation manners

[0019] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings so that those skilled in the art can implement it according to the description in the specification. It should be understood that the terms such as "having", "including", and "comprising" used herein do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other elements or their combinations.

[0020] As Figure 1 shown, the multifunctional protective hood provided by the present invention includes: A protective cover body 1, which forms a facial closed space, and a sealing component is arranged at the opening edge of its lower end.

[0021] The protective cover body 1 is made of a semi-transparent material that conforms to ergonomics (such as polycarbonate composite material) to form a closed space covering the user's face. The non-line-of-sight area of the protective cover body 1 can be made of non-transparent material or coated with a sunscreen layer. A double-layer sealing component is arranged at the opening edge of its lower end. The inner layer is a flexible silicone rubber sealing ring, and the outer layer is an adjustable elastic band. The tightness is adjusted in grades through a ratchet mechanism. The sealing component fits dynamically with the facial contour, avoiding compression discomfort while ensuring airtightness. A device installation groove is reserved at the top of the protective cover body 1 for integrating subsequent functional modules.

[0022] An environmental sensor group, which is arranged on the protective cover body 1 and at least includes: a particulate matter detection unit 5 for obtaining air suspension concentration data in real time, an air pressure detection unit 8 for continuously collecting altitude data, and a physiological parameter detection unit 3 for periodically obtaining the user's blood oxygen data.

[0023] The particulate matter detection unit 5 is based on the principle of laser scattering. By emitting a laser beam and receiving the scattered light signal of particulate matter, it calculates the concentration of suspended substances in the air (such as pollen, PM2.5) in real time. A pollution-proof diversion cover is provided at the sensor detection window to guide the air flow to pass through the detection area stably. The air pressure detection unit 8 uses a MEMS (Micro-Electro-Mechanical System) air pressure sensor to continuously monitor the change of ambient air pressure to calculate the altitude. The sensor is encapsulated in a moisture-proof cavity with a decompression air duct to avoid the interference of temperature and humidity. The physiological parameter detection unit 3 integrates a reflective optoelectronic sensor. By alternately irradiating the skin tissue with red light and infrared light, it detects physiological indicators such as blood oxygen saturation. The sensor probe is embedded in the temple contact area on the inner wall of the protective cover, and the surface is covered with a medical silicone layer to ensure the optical coupling stability. The data of the three types of sensors are transmitted to the intelligent control center 7 through the time-division multiplexing bus protocol, and the sampling frequency is dynamically adjusted according to the environmental changes (for example, the particulate matter detection is upgraded to high-frequency sampling in a polluted environment).

[0024] At least one modular filtering unit 2, which is installed at the air inlet position at the front end of the protective cover body 1. The modular filtering unit 2 is provided with multiple filtering layers and is connected with an oxygen supply module through a flexible pipeline at the rear end.

[0025] The modular filtering unit 2 adopts a detachable design and is installed at the air inlet at the front end of the protective cover. It includes three series-connected filtering layers. Among them, the primary filtering layer can adopt a low-density filtering structure such as a perforated metal plate combined with a polyester fiber mesh, mainly intercepting large-particle pollutants (such as dust, flying flocs), and the pore size range can be adapted to different environmental requirements. The secondary filtering layer can adopt a medium-filtering density structure such as a honeycomb activated carbon structure and has the function of component filtering. It removes harmful gases (such as ozone, odor molecules) through physical adsorption and chemical catalysis. The high-efficiency filtering layer can adopt a high-density filtering structure such as H13 grade HEPA filter paper, which can capture particles with a diameter ≥ 0.3μm (such as bacteria, ultrafine particulate matter). It should be noted that the specific designs such as the number of layers, materials, shapes, functions, etc. of each filtering layer here are not fixed and can be modified according to actual needs. The structural design adopted in the embodiments of the present invention does not conflict with this and is all provided as optional combination forms.

[0026] The rear end of the filtering unit is connected with the oxygen supply module through a corrugated silicone hose, and an air supply device for auxiliary inhalation can be installed. The hose is internally provided with spiral guide ribs to reduce the air flow noise. The activation logic of the multiple filtering layers is dynamically selected by the intelligent control center 7 according to the real-time suspended matter concentration. For example, only the high-efficiency filtering layer is enabled to cope with a low-pollution environment, or all levels are turned on to cope with severe pollution.

[0027] The environmental control component 6 includes a ventilation device provided at the top of the protective cover body 1. The air flow channel of the ventilation device is integrated with a temperature adjustment element, and the temperature adjustment element includes a refrigeration unit and a heating unit; the ventilation device obtains the real-time temperature inside the protective cover through a temperature sensor, and compares the real-time temperature with a reference temperature to select whether to start the refrigeration unit or the heating unit.

[0028] The environmental control component 6 is integrated on the top of the protective cover, and its core is a dual-mode temperature control module. Among them, the refrigeration unit can adopt a thermoelectric cooler (TEC), the cold end face is connected to an aluminum heat sink fin array, and forced air cooling is carried out through an axial flow fan, which can reduce the air flow temperature by 5-10 °C. The heating unit can adopt a nickel-chromium alloy resistance wire wound on a mica substrate, and the surface is covered with a ceramic insulating layer, and radiant heat convection is generated after being energized. The temperature adjustment element works in coordination with the ventilation device. A flip-up deflector is arranged in the ventilation duct, and the refrigeration or heating air flow path is selected according to the feedback data of the temperature sensors (distributed in key areas such as the forehead and cheeks). For example, when the temperature in the breathing area is detected to be too high, the deflector deflects to direct the cold air flow to the face; in a low-temperature environment, it switches to the heating mode and adjusts the air outlet angle.

[0029] The intelligent control center 7 is embedded in the protective cover body 1 and is electrically connected to the environmental sensor group, the modular filtering unit 2 and the oxygen supply module, and stores a preset environmental parameter threshold matrix. The preset environmental parameter threshold matrix includes a first threshold interval corresponding to the air suspension concentration and a second threshold interval corresponding to the altitude; the operations performed by the intelligent control center 7 include: According to the comparison result of the obtained air suspension concentration data with the first threshold interval, at least one filtering layer in the multi-stage filtering layer is activated; according to the comparison result of the obtained altitude data with the second threshold interval, combined with the user's blood oxygen data, the opening and closing state and the oxygen supply mode of the oxygen supply module are dynamically controlled, and the oxygen supply modes include continuous oxygen supply and intermittent oxygen supply.

[0030] The intelligent control center 7 is an embedded microcontroller system with a preset environmental parameter threshold matrix built in. The first threshold interval defines the grading standard of the air suspension concentration (such as low / medium / high pollution levels), with an upper limit and a lower limit for triggering different combinations of filtering levels. The second threshold interval sets the correlation rule between the altitude and the blood oxygen saturation, also with an upper limit and a lower limit. The application method referring to this interval is, for example, relying only on blood oxygen data for oxygen supply at low altitudes, and superimposing a pressure compensation algorithm at high altitudes.

[0031] The control center fuses the sensor data in real time and performs the following core operations: By comparing the suspended solid concentration with the threshold range, the solenoid valve is controlled to switch the air flow path of the filter layer (such as only opening the independent air intake channel of the high-efficiency filter layer). Combining the altitude and the blood oxygen trend, the oxygen supply mode is dynamically selected: continuous oxygen supply is used for acute hypoxia states, and intermittent oxygen supply dynamically adjusts the pulse frequency according to a formula to balance the oxygen supply efficiency and resource consumption. A temperature control instruction is sent to the environmental control component 6, for example, starting refrigeration and increasing the fan speed in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment.

[0032] Through modular structure design and intelligent collaborative control, this multifunctional protective hood can dynamically adjust the filtration level and oxygen supply strategy according to the real-time pollution degree, altitude change, and user's physiological state, significantly improving the protection reliability in complex environments. Through multi-region temperature monitoring and dual-mode temperature control, the temperature and humidity balance inside the hood is effectively maintained, avoiding the stuffy or cold discomfort of traditional protective equipment. Adopting a time-sharing activation strategy (such as starting and stopping the filter layer and pulsed oxygen supply as needed) to extend the device's battery life, and the modular design facilitates the quick replacement of consumable parts. The real-time linkage of sensor data and control instructions enables the protective hood to autonomously respond to the physiological needs of users and environmental changes, reducing the frequency of manual intervention.

[0033] In another technical solution, the multi-stage filter layer is set to three levels: an outer layer, a middle layer, and an inner layer. The ways for the intelligent control center 7 to activate the filter layer include: When the real-time suspended solid concentration exceeds the upper limit of the first threshold range, all three levels of the filter layer are activated; when the real-time suspended solid concentration is within the first threshold range, only the middle layer and the inner layer are activated; when the real-time suspended solid concentration is below the lower limit of the first threshold range, only the inner layer is activated; The ways for the intelligent control center 7 to dynamically control the opening and closing state and the oxygen supply mode of the oxygen supply module include: When the real-time altitude exceeds the upper limit of the second threshold range and the blood oxygen saturation is continuously detected less than 90% three times, the oxygen supply module is controlled to execute the continuous oxygen supply mode; When the real-time altitude is within the second threshold range and the blood oxygen saturation fluctuates between 88% - 92%, the oxygen supply module is controlled to start the intermittent oxygen supply mode and adjust the oxygen supply time interval according to the real-time blood oxygen saturation; When the real-time altitude is below the lower limit of the second threshold range, oxygen supply is carried out according to the blood oxygen saturation, and the specific method is as follows: When the blood oxygen data is continuously lower than 92% for 10 seconds, intermittent oxygen supply is activated, and the oxygen supply pulse frequency f is calculated according to the formula f = 0.2×(100 - SpO2) Hz, where SpO2 is the percentage of real-time blood oxygen saturation; When the blood oxygen data is continuously detected less than 88% three times, it is switched to the continuous oxygen supply mode until the blood oxygen recovers to 94% and remains for 2 minutes.

[0034] The multi - stage filter layer adopts a hierarchical framework design, including three - stage filtering structures: the outer layer, the middle layer, and the inner layer. The intelligent control center 7 dynamically activates the filtering levels according to the suspended solid concentration. When the concentration exceeds the upper limit of the first threshold range (e.g., 100 μg / m³), all three - stage filter layers are simultaneously turned on, and the air flow passes through the outer - layer coarse filter, the middle - layer adsorption filter, and the inner - layer fine filter in sequence. When the concentration is within the threshold range (e.g., 50 - 100 μg / m³), only the middle layer and the inner layer are activated, and the outer layer is closed by an electromagnetic baffle to reduce the air - flow resistance. When the concentration is lower than the lower limit of the threshold (e.g., 50 μg / m³), only the inner - layer HEPA filter paper is enabled to reduce the filtering energy consumption. Through the hierarchical opening and closing of the electromagnetic control baffle, a dynamic balance between filtering efficiency and energy consumption is achieved, while premature clogging of the filter layer is avoided.

[0035] The opening and closing of the oxygen - supply module and the selection of the oxygen - supply mode are based on the dual judgment of altitude and blood - oxygen data. Continuous oxygen - supply mode: When the altitude exceeds the upper limit of the second threshold range (e.g., 3000 meters) and the blood - oxygen saturation has been continuously detected three times below 90%, the micro - solenoid valve is fully opened, and oxygen is output at a constant flow rate (e.g., 3 L / min). Intermittent oxygen - supply mode: When the altitude is within the threshold range (e.g., 2500 - 3000 meters) and the blood - oxygen fluctuates between 88 - 92%, the solenoid valve operates according to a pulse frequency (e.g., 0.5 seconds on / 0.3 seconds off), and the frequency can be dynamically adjusted according to the blood - oxygen recovery rate. Low - altitude oxygen - supply strategy: When the altitude is below 2500 meters, the decision is only based on blood - oxygen data. For example, when the blood - oxygen is continuously below 92% for 10 seconds, intermittent oxygen supply is triggered, and when the blood - oxygen suddenly drops below 88%, it switches to continuous oxygen supply. The oxygen - supply flow sensor real - time feeds back data, and the control unit corrects the valve opening through the PID algorithm to ensure that the oxygen supply matches the user's demand.

[0036] In the plateau environment, the barometric pressure sensor detects that the altitude has risen to 3200 meters, and the blood - oxygen sensor shows that the user's blood - oxygen value has been 87% for three consecutive times. The control center immediately activates the continuous oxygen - supply mode and simultaneously forcibly turns on the three - stage filter layer to cope with the possible dusty environment. The oxygen - supply module mixes oxygen and filtered air in proportion through a Venturi mixing tube. The turbine flowmeter real - time monitors the output volume. If the detected flow deviation exceeds 15%, it switches to the standby oxygen - supply channel. Through the activation logic design of the multi - stage filter layer and the adjustment of the oxygen - supply strategy, the environmental adaptability is significantly improved, and the optimal protection strategy can be automatically matched according to different altitudes and pollution levels; the oxygen - supply control accuracy is high, taking into account both emergency anoxic rescue and long - term oxygen - resource management; the hierarchical activation mechanism of the filter layer effectively extends the filter material life and reduces the maintenance frequency.

[0037] The actuator of the intermittent oxygen - supply mode includes: A micro - solenoid valve group, which includes a main control valve and a compensation valve in parallel. The main control valve is a direct - acting solenoid valve, and the compensation valve is a piezoelectric ceramic micro - flow valve; A dynamic frequency adjustment module that adjusts the oxygen supply pulse parameters in real time according to the blood oxygen decline rate. The adjustment method is as follows: When the blood oxygen drops by more than 2% per minute, the main control valve and the compensation valve are started to work synchronously. The main control valve executes the basic pulse, which is opened for 0.3 seconds and closed for 0.5 seconds within one cycle; the compensation valve superimposes high-frequency micro-pulses, which are opened for 0.1 seconds and closed for 0.2 seconds within one cycle; When the blood oxygen fluctuation range < 1%, only the main control valve executes intermittent oxygen supply, and the oxygen supply interval time is dynamically extended according to the blood oxygen stability; An oxygen supply verification mechanism, which includes the following steps: After each oxygen supply pulse ends, the actual output is recorded by a flow sensor; when the oxygen supply deviation of three consecutive pulses > 20%, switch to the standby oxygen supply channel, forcibly turn off the power of the faulty valve and activate the standby bypass manual control interface; at the initial stage of starting the continuous oxygen supply mode, adopt ramp-type pressure increase control, and the oxygen supply flow linearly increases from 0 to the set value within 5 seconds.

[0038] The core actuator of intermittent oxygen supply is a parallel solenoid valve group, which includes a main control valve and a compensation valve. The main control valve uses a direct-acting solenoid valve with a response time ≤ 50ms, which is responsible for the basic oxygen supply pulse (for example, opened for 0.3 seconds / closed for 0.5 seconds); the compensation valve uses a piezoelectric ceramic micro-flow valve with a resolution of 0.1L / min, which is used to superimpose high-frequency micro-pulses (for example, opened for 0.1 seconds / closed for 0.2 seconds) to cope with the scene of rapid blood oxygen decline.

[0039] The dynamic frequency adjustment module adjusts the oxygen supply parameters in real time through the blood oxygen decline rate (for example, a decline of 1-3% per minute): when the blood oxygen drops rapidly, the main control valve and the compensation valve work synchronously to form a composite pulse waveform to quickly increase the blood oxygen; when the blood oxygen is stable, only the main control valve executes low-frequency intermittent oxygen supply to reduce energy consumption.

[0040] After each pulse ends, the actual output is detected by a turbine flowmeter. If the deviation exceeds 20% for three consecutive times, the valve is determined to be faulty; in the faulty state, the power of the faulty valve is forcibly turned off, and the bypass manual control interface is activated. The user can adjust the oxygen supply amount through a physical knob; when starting continuous oxygen supply, adopt ramp pressure increase control (for example, linearly increasing from 0 to the set value within 5 seconds) to avoid discomfort caused by air flow impact. A safety guarantee design can be added. During the valve switching process, the Hall sensor monitors the spool displacement in real time. When the displacement deviation exceeds the threshold (for example, 0.2mm), the power is immediately cut off and the operation interface is locked.

[0041] In actual use, if the user's blood oxygen level drops by 2.5% per minute during high-altitude hiking, the control center activates the coordinated oxygen supply of the main control valve and the compensation valve. The main control valve outputs the basic flow at an interval of 0.3 seconds, and the compensation valve superimposes a high-frequency pulse of 0.1 second, increasing the total oxygen supply by 40%. The flow meter continuously monitors the output. If a pulse oxygen supply is missing during detection, it immediately switches to the standby valve and triggers a tactile alarm.

[0042] The automated oxygen supply regulation strategy significantly improves the oxygen supply response speed and can quickly correct the acute hypoxia state; the redundant design and real-time verification mechanism greatly enhance the system reliability; the adaptive oxygen supply strategy effectively balances the first aid needs and resource conservation.

[0043] As Figure 2 shown, the multi-stage filter layer adopts a coaxial nested structure, including a honeycomb activated carbon cylinder in the outer layer, an annular HEPA filter in the middle layer, and a nanofiber membrane cylinder in the inner layer. The three-layer filter structure is coaxial and the distance is A, forming an independent air flow chamber. The air flow direction is: from the outer layer chamber 201 to the middle layer chamber 202, from the middle layer chamber 202 to the inner layer chamber 203, and the inner layer chamber 203 is separated from the inner space of the headgear through the nanofiber membrane cylinder in the inner layer; Three independent electromagnetic control air inlets are arranged at the top of the shell of the modular filter unit 2: The diameter of the first air inlet 204 is B, which is connected to the inlet of the outer layer chamber 201; the diameter of the second air inlet 205 is C, and it is directly connected to the inlet of the middle layer chamber 202 through a radial diversion pipe; the diameter of the third air inlet 206 is D, and it penetrates through the outer and middle layer structures through a central pipe and is directly connected to the front end of the inner layer chamber 203; among them, B > C > D; The specific method of selectively activating the multi-stage filter layer is as follows: When the suspended matter concentration < 50 μg / m³, only the solenoid valve of the third air inlet 206 is opened, so that the air flow directly reaches the inner nanofiber membrane through the central pipe; when the suspended matter concentration is 50 - 100 μg / m³, the first air inlet 204 is closed, and only the solenoid valve of the second air inlet 205 is opened, so that the air flow forms a two-layer series filtration through the middle layer and the inner layer; when the suspended matter concentration > 100 μg / m³, only the solenoid valve of the first air inlet 204 is opened, so that the air flow performs a three-layer series filtration from the outside to the inside.

[0044] The modular filtration unit 2 adopts a coaxial nested three-stage filtration structure. The outer layer is a honeycomb activated carbon cylinder with a pore diameter that can be set to 3 - 8 mm, which removes large particulate pollutants and harmful gases (such as ozone and nitrogen dioxide) through physical adsorption and catalytic reaction; the middle layer is an annular HEPA filter (H13 grade), folded into a wavy structure with a folding pitch of 1 - 3 mm, which can intercept particles with a particle size ≥ 0.3 μm (such as bacteria and PM2.5); the inner layer is a nanofiber membrane cylinder with a pore diameter of 0.1 - 0.5 μm, which is used to capture ultrafine particulate matter (such as viruses and soot). The three-layer structure is arranged coaxially, and the spacing of 2 - 5 mm forms an independent air flow chamber. The air flow direction is filtered step by step from the outside to the inside. A flow guide ring is arranged between the outer layer and the middle layer to force the air flow to uniformly penetrate the filter material. A conical closing structure (cone angle 45 - 60°) is designed at the outlet of the inner layer to increase the air flow velocity and reduce the pressure drop.

[0045] Three independently controlled air intake channels are provided at the top of the filtration unit. Among them, the first air intake hole 204 is an annular inlet with a diameter of 8 - 12 mm, which communicates with the outer layer chamber 201 and is used for high-pollution scenarios (such as when the suspended matter concentration > 100 μg / m³). The air flow passes through the three-layer filtration in sequence; the second air intake hole 205 is a radial oblique cut inlet with a diameter of 5 - 8 mm, directly connected to the middle layer chamber 202, suitable for moderate pollution (such as 50 - 100 μg / m³). The air flow bypasses the outer layer and directly performs HEPA and nanofiber filtration; the third air intake hole 206 is a central straight-through pipe with a diameter of 3 - 5 mm, which penetrates the outer layer and the middle layer and reaches the inner layer inlet, and is dedicated to low-pollution environments (such as < 50 μg / m³).

[0046] The intelligent control center 7 automatically selects the air intake hole according to the real-time suspended matter concentration. When the concentration is low, only the third air intake hole 206 is opened to reduce the air flow resistance; when the concentration is medium, the second air intake hole 205 is opened to balance the filtration efficiency and energy consumption; when the concentration is high, the first air intake hole 204 is fully opened to ensure the maximum filtration efficiency.

[0047] In a practical implementation example, in a sandstorm environment, when the suspended matter concentration rises to 150 μg / m³, the control center closes the solenoid valves of the second and third air intake holes 206 and only opens the first air intake hole 204. The air flow enters from the outer honeycomb activated carbon, adsorbs large particles and harmful gases, then intercepts fine particles through the middle layer HEPA filter, and finally completes the fine filtration through the inner layer nanofiber membrane. The directional air intake holes (pore diameter 1 - 2 mm) on the side wall of the flow guide ring guide the uniform distribution of the air flow to avoid local blockage. If it is detected that the pressure difference in the inner layer exceeds the threshold value (for example, 200 Pa), a filter replacement reminder is triggered. Through multi-stage filtration, the efficiency is significantly improved, adapting to different pollution level scenarios; the hierarchical air intake design optimizes the air flow distribution and extends the service life of the filter material; the modular structure is convenient for rapid maintenance and reduces the operation and maintenance costs.

[0048] In another technical solution, such as Figure 1As shown, the hood further includes an interaction unit 4, and the interaction unit 4 includes a display device and a voice input device, where: The display device uses a curved surface conforming OLED panel, which is embedded in the corresponding area of the forehead on the inner wall of the protective cover. The display interface of the display device is divided into three dynamic information areas. The left area renders a three-dimensional distribution map of particulate matter concentration in real time. The middle area superimposes and displays the altitude number and trend curve. The right area shows the blood oxygen saturation data in the form of a circular progress bar; The voice input device consists of a circular array of multiple micro MEMS microphones. The center of the array is located inside the lower jaw part of the protective cover. The micro MEMS microphones are evenly distributed to form a beamforming sound pickup area. The voice signal processing module includes a pre-noise reduction circuit and a neural network voiceprint recognition engine. The noise reduction circuit uses an adaptive filtering algorithm to eliminate background noise, and the neural network voiceprint recognition engine extracts the voice characteristics of a specific frequency band of the user for command matching; The cooperative control mechanism of the voice input device is as follows: When the voice signal processing module recognizes a data display instruction, it wakes up the OLED panel and highlights the corresponding information area; when it detects no operation for 10 seconds, the control panel switches to the low refresh rate energy-saving mode; when it recognizes a temperature adjustment instruction, it controls the deflection angle of the deflector and the opening and closing parameters of the shutter blades through the environmental control component 6 to adjust the temperature inside the hood; when it recognizes a filter mode switching instruction, it activates the corresponding filter layer through the intelligent control center 7; when it recognizes an oxygen supply mode adjustment instruction, it modifies the oxygen supply method and oxygen supply parameters of the oxygen supply module through the intelligent control center 7.

[0049] The display device uses a curved surface conforming OLED panel, which is embedded in the forehead area of the inner wall of the protective cover. The surface of the panel can be covered with an anti-glare nano-coating and can be quickly disassembled and assembled through a magnetic absorption guide rail. The display interface is divided into three dynamic information areas. The left area renders a three-dimensional distribution map of particulate matter concentration in real time, and intuitively reflects the pollution degree through color gradient (such as green to red); the middle area digitally displays the current altitude, and superimposes a trend curve to show the altitude change rate; the circular progress bar in the right area dynamically shows the blood oxygen saturation, and the inner circle marks the real-time percentage value. The back panel of the panel can be integrated with a capacitive touch layer, supporting sliding and clicking operations (such as swiping left to switch to the temperature display interface). The touch signal is transmitted to the control unit through a shielded cable to avoid electromagnetic interference. When the voice module recognizes the "display data" instruction, the control unit wakes up the OLED panel and highlights the corresponding area, and automatically switches to the low refresh rate energy-saving mode after the operation timeout (such as 10 seconds).

[0050] The voice input device consists of a circular array of four miniature MEMS microphones. The center of the array is located inside the lower jaw of the protective cover, and the microphones are evenly spaced to form a beamforming pickup area. The voice signal processing module includes: a pre-noise reduction circuit: using an adaptive filtering algorithm to eliminate the mid-low frequency noise of the axial flow fan (such as the frequency band of 200 - 1000 Hz); a voiceprint recognition engine: extracting the voice features of the user in a specific frequency band (such as 2000 - 4000 Hz) based on a convolutional neural network, and matching a preset instruction library (such as "increase temperature", "switch oxygen supply mode").

[0051] When a valid instruction is recognized, the control unit executes the corresponding operation (for example, the voice instruction "increase oxygen supply" triggers the oxygen supply module to increase the flow rate). When the recognition fails, the system reminds the user to try again through a haptic feedback motor (such as vibrating three short pulses), and switches to the simplified keyword recognition mode if the failure persists continuously.

[0052] As an implementation example, in a high-altitude hiking scenario, when the user issues the instruction "display blood oxygen", after the microphone array captures the voice, the voiceprint engine verifies the user's identity and extracts the instruction. The control unit wakes up the OLED panel, and the right circular progress bar highlights that the current blood oxygen is 91%. At the same time, the user slides the touch layer to switch to the altitude interface to view the real-time altitude change curve. When the ambient light sensor detects strong light irradiation, the panel automatically increases the brightness and activates the electrochromic layer to reduce glare interference. The operation convenience is significantly improved through multi-modal interaction to meet the usage requirements in complex environments; the anti-interference design ensures the recognition accuracy of voice and touch instructions; the dynamic display optimization strategy extends the device's battery life while ensuring the readability of information.

[0053] In another technical solution, the environmental control component 6 specifically includes the following structure and cooperative working mode: The refrigeration unit uses a thermoelectric cooler, and its cold end is connected to an aluminum heat sink fin array. The fin spacing forms a vertical air flow channel; the heating unit uses a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire coated with a ceramic insulation layer, and the heating wire is arranged in a wavy shape on a high-temperature mica substrate; the refrigeration unit and the heating unit are arranged in parallel, and a flip-type air deflector is arranged in the middle. The air deflector is controlled by a micro servo motor to deflect the angle to select the air flow path; The inner wall of the air duct of the air flow channel is provided with spiral flow guiding ribs, and the rib height gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end to form a turbulence suppression structure; the air outlet grille of the air flow channel adopts a louver-type adjustable structure, and a micro stepping motor is arranged at the axis of each blade; the temperature of the facial area is detected by an array of temperature sensors, and the opening and closing angles of each blade are independently adjusted according to the temperature distribution; When the temperature in the forehead area is detected to be 2°C higher than that in the cheek area, the deflector deflects to the cooling side and adjusts the louver blades to tilt downward by 15°; when the temperature in the breathing area is detected to be 3°C lower than that in the neck area, the heating unit is activated and the diverter is controlled to direct 60% of the air flow to the chin area; during the mode switching process, the working voltage of the thermoelectric cooler and the energization cycle of the heating wire are dynamically adjusted by the PID controller.

[0054] The cold end face of the thermoelectric cooler of the refrigeration unit is connected to an aluminum heat sink fin array. The fin spacing is optimized to be 3 - 5 mm, and forced air cooling is carried out by an axial flow fan, which can reduce the air flow temperature by about 5 - 10°C; the nickel-chromium alloy heating wire of the heating unit is arranged in a wavy shape on a mica substrate, and the surface is coated with a ceramic insulating layer. After being energized, radiant heat convection is generated, and the air flow heating efficiency reaches more than 70%. The refrigeration and heating units are arranged in parallel, and a flippable deflector is provided in the middle. The deflection angle of the deflector (for example, 0 - 90°) is controlled by a micro servo motor to select the air flow path (cooling or heating side). The inner wall of the air duct is designed with spiral guide ribs, and the rib height gradually changes from 5 mm at the inlet end to 2 mm at the outlet end to suppress turbulence and improve air flow uniformity.

[0055] The temperature sensor array is distributed in the forehead, cheek and neck areas to detect the facial temperature distribution in real time: the forehead sensor is embedded in the inner wall of the protective cover, and the skin temperature is detected non-contact through a thermal conductive silicone pad; the breathing area sensor is located 10 mm in front of the air outlet to monitor the temperature of the exhaled gas; the neck sensor extends to the edge of the protective cover through a copper thermal conductive rod to detect the surface temperature of the neck.

[0056] The control unit performs dynamic adjustment according to the temperature difference. When the forehead temperature is 2°C higher than that of the cheek, the deflector deflects to the cooling side, and the louver blades tilt downward by 15° to direct the cold air; when the temperature in the breathing area is 3°C lower than that in the neck, the heating unit is activated and the diverter is controlled to direct 60% of the air flow to the chin area, and the fan speed is synchronously reduced to extend the heating time.

[0057] As an implementation example, in a cold environment, the neck sensor detects that the temperature drops to 12°C, and the breathing area sensor shows that the temperature of the exhaled gas is 18°C. The control unit starts the heating unit, the deflector deflects to the heating side, and the diverter directs the main air flow to the chin area. The louver blades are adjusted to 30° upward to avoid direct hot air blowing on the eyes. At the same time, the fan speed is reduced to 70% of the reference value, the residence time of the air flow on the heating wire surface is extended, and the output temperature is increased to 25°C.

[0058] Significantly improve wearing comfort through precise temperature control, avoid local overcooling or overheating; the optimized design of air flow distribution improves the thermal energy utilization efficiency; the adaptive adjustment mechanism extends the service life of the device and reduces energy consumption.

[0059] The specific ways for the temperature regulation element to detect temperature and carry out coordinated regulation are as follows: Distributed temperature sensing nodes are set in the key heat exchange area on the inner wall of the protective cover. A macro-detection probe is installed at the corresponding position of the human forehead. The surface of the probe is covered with a heat-conducting layer and maintains a non-contact detection gap with the skin. The detection ends of the zygomatic regions on both sides of the face are extended to the adjacent facial regions through copper heat-conducting rods. An air-flow temperature monitoring point is set at the outlet of the breathing channel; the detection signals of each sensing node are preprocessed by a differential amplification circuit and then input into the control unit of the environmental control component 6 to construct a three-dimensional facial temperature field model and generate a thermal map in real time to identify the high-temperature concentration area and the low-temperature abnormal area; When the three-dimensional temperature field model shows a continuous temperature rise in the forehead area, the control unit first drives the deflector to deflect to the side of the semiconductor refrigeration sheet, simultaneously increases the working voltage of the refrigeration sheet and adjusts the downward tilt angle of the louver blades so that the cooling air flow directionally covers the high-temperature area; if the temperature difference between the neck and the breathing area exceeds the set range, the nickel-chromium alloy heating wire is started and the rotation angle of the shunt is controlled to direct the main air flow to the low-temperature area, and at the same time, the rotation speed of the axial flow fan in the air flow channel is reduced to extend the air flow heating time; The temperature adjustment element is equipped with a safety control unit, and each sensing node is equipped with a backup sensor group. When a sudden change in temperature data is detected, it automatically switches to the backup sensor group and starts a self-check program. When simultaneous failures of the refrigeration unit and the heating unit are detected, the emergency heat dissipation holes are forcibly opened and switched to the natural ventilation mode. When continuous temperature control failure is detected, a warning is triggered and the fan power level is increased.

[0060] The temperature sensing network includes distributed detection nodes. The forehead macro-probe uses a thin-film thermocouple, and the surface is covered with a medical silica gel layer to maintain a 0.5-mm gap with the skin to detect the epidermal temperature; the zygomatic extension probe extends the detection end to 2 mm away from the face through a copper heat-conducting rod to avoid the compression caused by direct contact; the breathing channel monitoring point: an infrared temperature sensor is installed in front of the air outlet grid to monitor the temperature of the exhaled gas in real time. After the sensor signals are preprocessed by the differential amplification circuit, the control unit constructs a three-dimensional facial temperature field model and generates a real-time thermal map through the finite element interpolation algorithm to identify the high-temperature concentration area (such as the forehead) and the low-temperature abnormal area (such as the chin).

[0061] Based on the temperature field model for dynamic regulation, when the model shows that the forehead temperature remains higher than the set threshold (e.g., 28°C) for 30 seconds, the control unit increases the voltage of the thermoelectric cooler to 120% of the rated value, deflects the deflector plate to the refrigeration side, and tilts the louver blades downward by 20° to concentrate the cooling on the forehead; when the temperature difference between the neck and the breathing area exceeds 5°C, start the heating unit and control the diverter to rotate 45°, direct 70% of the air flow to the neck area, and synchronously reduce the fan speed to extend the air flow heating time. When the temperature data mutates (e.g., 10°C / second), switch to the backup sensor group and start the self-check program; when both the refrigeration and heating units fail, forcibly open the emergency heat dissipation holes and switch to the natural ventilation mode; when the continuous temperature control fails, trigger the filter clogging warning and increase the fan power to the maximum gear.

[0062] As an implementation example, when the user is in a high-temperature and high-humidity environment, the forehead temperature rises to 30°C and the breathing area temperature reaches 32°C. After the control unit detects the abnormal temperature difference, it starts the refrigeration unit and increases the fan speed, deflects the deflector plate to the refrigeration side, and the cold air is evenly delivered to the face through the spiral deflector ribs. At the same time, the louver blades are adjusted to tilt downward by 25° to preferentially cool the forehead and eye areas. If the temperature fuse of the refrigeration sheet is triggered due to insufficient heat dissipation (e.g., the fin temperature exceeds 85°C), the system automatically switches to the backup heat dissipation channel.

[0063] Significantly improve the environmental adaptability through multi-dimensional temperature monitoring and dynamic regulation; the fault tolerance mechanism ensures the basic protection function under extreme conditions; the intelligent warning system reduces the risk of unexpected equipment shutdown.

[0064] In another technical solution, the oxygen supply module adopts a dual-source oxygen supply switching system, specifically including: The main and auxiliary dual-intake channel structure, where the main intake channel is connected to the built-in oxygen bag, a normally closed electromagnetic cut-off valve is arranged in the main intake channel, and a first pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the valve body; the auxiliary intake channel is externally connected to a quick-release oxygen supply backpack, a one-way solenoid valve is arranged in the auxiliary intake channel, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the valve body; The way for the oxygen supply module to control the oxygen supply source switching is: Set the first pressure threshold and the second pressure threshold for the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor respectively. When the pressure value of one of the pressure sensors P1 is lower than the corresponding pressure threshold, while the pressure value of the other pressure sensor P2 is higher than the corresponding pressure threshold, only open the solenoid valve of the intake channel corresponding to P2; When the pressure values of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor in both channels are higher than the corresponding effective pressure thresholds, preferentially use the auxiliary channel for oxygen supply and keep the main channel closed, and adjust the opening ratio of the valves in both channels through the PID controller; When the pressure values of both the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor in the dual-channel are lower than the preset safety pressure critical value, an oxygen supplementation warning is triggered; A Venturi mixing tube is provided at the intersection of the main and auxiliary intake channels. The throat diameter of the mixing tube is 0.6 times the diameter of the main intake channel; a turbine flowmeter is installed at the outlet end of the mixing tube to obtain real-time flow feedback data to the control unit of the oxygen supply module.

[0065] The dual-source oxygen supply system includes main and auxiliary dual intake channels. The main channel is connected to an internal foldable oxygen bag (such as medical-grade silicone material, storage pressure 1.5 - 2 MPa), and a normally closed electromagnetic cut-off valve is provided at the inlet, and a pressure sensor (range 0 - 2 MPa) is installed in front of the valve; the auxiliary channel is externally connected to an oxygen supply backpack interface, using an industrial quick-release joint (such as ISO 16028 standard), with a one-way solenoid valve inside, and the range of the inlet pressure sensor is extended to 0 - 5 MPa.

[0066] Oxygen supply source switching logic: When the pressure in the main channel > 0.8 MPa, the internal oxygen bag is preferentially used for oxygen supply; when the pressure in the main channel < 0.3 MPa and the pressure in the auxiliary channel > 0.5 MPa, it automatically switches to the externally connected oxygen supply backpack; when both channels are effective, since the oxygen storage in the oxygen supply backpack is large and it may be removed at any time, so as much as possible use it for oxygen supply, so the oxygen supply ratio of the auxiliary channel ≥ 70%, and the main channel is used as an emergency backup.

[0067] A Venturi mixing tube is provided at the intersection of the main and auxiliary channels, and the throat diameter is 0.6 times that of the main channel (for example, the main channel diameter is 10 mm and the throat is 6 mm), and the air flow is accelerated and evenly mixed through the Bernoulli effect. A turbine flowmeter (accuracy ±1%FS) is installed at the outlet of the mixing tube to feed back data to the control unit in real time and dynamically adjust the valve opening ratio. A pressure balance mechanism is adopted between the dual channels: when the detected pressure difference between the dual channels > 0.2 MPa, a micro proportional valve is started to compensate for the pressure. For example, when the pressure in the auxiliary channel is too high, the proportional valve releases pressure to the main channel.

[0068] In a practical usage example, the remaining pressure of the user's internal oxygen bag is 0.2 MPa, and the pressure of the externally connected backpack is 1.2 MPa. The control center closes the solenoid valve of the main channel and opens the one-way solenoid valve of the auxiliary channel, and the oxygen is output after being accelerated and mixed through the Venturi tube. When the flowmeter detects fluctuations in the output volume, the proportional valve dynamically adjusts the opening to maintain the total flow stable at 3 L / min.

[0069] The dual-source seamless switching of the oxygen supply system ensures the continuity of oxygen supply and avoids the risk of sudden oxygen cut-off; the air flow mixing and pressure balance design significantly improves the comfort of oxygen supply; the standardized interface and safety mechanism reduce the usage complexity and are suitable for a variety of emergency scenarios.

[0070] In another technical solution, the specific structure and data acquisition method of the environmental sensor group are as follows: The particulate matter detection unit 5 uses a laser scattering sensor, which is installed outside the protective cover through a three-point shock absorption bracket. The signal line of the laser scattering sensor is hermetically treated with a silicone rubber sealing ring at the place where it passes through the protective cover wall; The air pressure detection unit 8 includes a MEMS air pressure sensor chip, which is encapsulated in a cavity with a ventilation hole. The cavity is fixed on the top of the protective cover. A spiral decompression air duct is opened on the side wall of the cavity, and a porous metal filter element for balancing air pressure mutation is filled in the air duct; The physiological parameter detection unit 3 is composed of a reflective optoelectronic sensor array. The array includes two groups of detection modules symmetrically arranged in the temple contact area. Each group of modules includes a red light LED, an infrared LED and a photodiode. The LED light source extends through a light guide column and is connected with a silicone rubber contact pad; During the communication between each sensor unit of the environmental sensor group and the intelligent control center 7, the particulate matter detection unit 5 sends a concentration data packet every 200 ms, including the original scattered light intensity value and the self-calibration coefficient; the air pressure detection unit 8 uploads the absolute pressure value after temperature compensation per second; the physiological parameter detection unit 3 transmits the dual-wavelength light absorption rate data at a frequency of 10 Hz.

[0071] The laser scattering sensor used by the particulate matter detection unit 5 is installed at the nose bridge position outside the protective cover. The detection window is equipped with an external diversion cover (a 25-35° inclined plane). The surface of the inclined plane is coated with a hydrophobic nano-coating. The bottom dust collection groove is equipped with a detachable electrostatic filter screen to adsorb sedimented particles regularly. The sensor is fixed through a three-point shock absorption bracket to reduce mechanical vibration interference. The MEMS air pressure sensor chip used by the air pressure detection unit 8 is encapsulated in a moisture-proof cavity with a spiral decompression air duct. The cavity is fixed on the top of the protective cover through an elastic buckle, and conductive foam is laid at the bottom to shield electromagnetic interference. A porous metal filter element (porosity 70-80%) is filled in the decompression air duct to balance the impact of air pressure mutation on the chip. The reflective optoelectronic sensor array used by the physiological parameter detection unit 3 is symmetrically arranged in the temple contact area. Each group of modules includes a 660 nm red light LED and an 880 nm infrared LED. The light source extends to the surface of the medical silicone contact pad through a light guide column, and the photodiode receives the reflected light signal. A spring floating bracket is arranged at the bottom of the contact pad to dynamically maintain a fitting pressure of 0.5-1.5 N.

[0072] Sensor data is transmitted through a time-division multiplexing bus protocol. A data packet of particulate matter data is sent every 200 ms, including the original scattered light intensity and the temperature and humidity compensation coefficient; for barometric pressure data, the absolute pressure value after temperature compensation is uploaded per second, with an accuracy of ±1 hPa; for physiological data, the dual-wavelength light absorption rate is transmitted at a frequency of 10 Hz, and the control center eliminates motion artifacts through an adaptive algorithm. When the fairing is disassembled, the ultrasonic cleaning mode is automatically triggered, with a vibration frequency of 20 - 40 kHz, to remove dust on the detection window; the elastic buckle mounting groove is internally provided with an overload protection mechanism. When the vibration acceleration continuously exceeds 10 g, the position of the sensor is locked, and the high-frequency sampling mode (such as 2 times the reference frequency) is switched to compensate for data jitter.

[0073] As an implementation example, in a dusty environment on the plateau, the detection window of the particulate matter sensor is attenuated due to dust accumulation, resulting in scattered light intensity attenuation. The system automatically starts ultrasonic cleaning, and at the same time, the electrostatic filter adsorbs the falling particles. The barometric pressure sensor responds smoothly to altitude changes through a porous metal filter element, and the data is uploaded after temperature compensation. In the physiological parameter detection unit 3, the floating bracket dynamically adjusts the contact pressure according to the facial micro-movement to ensure the stability of the optical signal. If abnormal data on one side of the temple is detected (such as the difference > 5% for three consecutive times), the control center switches to the opposite module and triggers self-check. The multi-source environmental data acquisition significantly improves the accuracy and adapts to extremely complex environments; the self-cleaning and anti-interference design extend the service life of the sensor; the dynamic pressure adjustment mechanism ensures the reliability of physiological parameter detection.

[0074] The physiological parameter detection unit 3 realizes blood oxygen detection through a multi-modal signal processing algorithm. The specific implementation method is as follows: The red LED and the infrared LED are driven in an alternating pulse manner. Each wavelength light source is alternately lit in a 10 ms cycle. After the reflected light signal received by the photodiode is converted into a voltage signal by a transimpedance amplifier, the common-mode interference of ambient light is eliminated by an instrumentation amplifier in sequence, and then the gain multiple is dynamically adjusted by a gain amplifier to make the peak-to-peak value of the output signal stable within a preset voltage range; an acceleration sensor is integrated in the physiological parameter detection unit 3, and the acceleration data of the acceleration sensor is synchronously collected and input into the digital filtering module. The wavelet transform algorithm is used to separate the signal baseline drift caused by head movement and extract the pure pulsatile wave AC component; The absorbance under red light and infrared light is obtained by comparing the emission signals of the two wavelengths of light and the received reflected light signals, and the absorbance ratio of the two wavelengths of light is calculated. The calculated value is input into the pre-stored calibration model to obtain the original blood oxygen value; the calibration model establishes a non-linear mapping relationship between the absorbance ratio and the blood oxygen saturation through experimental data and is stored in the flash memory of the physiological parameter detection unit 3; Compare the measurement results of the two detection modules in real time. When the bilateral data difference exceeds the set threshold for three consecutive times, start the self-check process: turn off the light source drive circuit of the current primary module, switch to the standby module to collect data, and recalculate the bilateral data consistency index; if the difference still exceeds the tolerance range, activate the historical data interpolation compensation algorithm, establish a trend model based on the valid data in the previous 30 seconds, and output the substitution value.

[0075] The physiological parameter detection unit 3 realizes blood oxygen detection through dual-wavelength reflective optoelectronic technology. In terms of light source drive, the red LED (660nm) and the infrared LED (880nm) work in an alternating pulse mode, and each wavelength switches according to a cycle of 10 - 20ms, and the drive current is constant at 15 - 30mA; in terms of signal acquisition, the photodiode receives the reflected light signal, converts it into a voltage signal through a transimpedance amplifier, and then eliminates the ambient light common-mode interference (such as sunlight, lamp light) through an instrumentation amplifier; in terms of dynamic gain control, the programmable gain amplifier automatically adjusts the amplification factor according to the signal intensity (for example, 1 - 100 times), so that the peak-to-peak value of the output signal is stable within the range of 1 - 3V. The synchronously collected acceleration sensor data (such as a three-axis gyroscope) is input into the digital filtering module, and the wavelet transform algorithm is used to separate the signal baseline drift caused by head movement and extract the pure pulse wave waveform.

[0076] The processed dual-wavelength data is input into the pre-stored calibration model. The absorbance ratio is calculated based on the ratio of the alternating current component (AC) to the direct current component (DC) of the red light and the infrared light. The calculation formula is: , which reflects the blood oxygen saturation. Among them, R is the normalized absorbance ratio of the red light to the infrared light, which is used to eliminate the influence of individual differences (such as skin thickness, blood flow distribution) on the measurement; AC 660 is the alternating current component of the red light (wavelength 660nm), which reflects the light signal fluctuation caused by the pulsating blood flow in the blood and is synchronized with the heartbeat; DC 660 is the direct current component of the red light (660nm), which represents the basic intensity of the light signal and includes the light absorption of static tissues such as skin and bones; AC880 is the alternating current component of the infrared light (wavelength 880nm), corresponding to the light signal change of the pulsating blood flow; DC880 is the direct current component of the infrared light (880nm), the light absorption baseline of the static tissue. Oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxyhemoglobin (Hb) have different absorption rates for red light and infrared light. By calculating the dynamic absorbance ratio (R) of the two wavelengths and combining the pre-stored calibration curve (R-SpO2 mapping relationship), the percentage value of the blood oxygen saturation (SpO2) can be deduced.

[0077] Altitude compensation: Combine the real-time barometric data and calculate through the oxygen partial pressure correction formula: SpO 2corrected =SpO 2raw ×P0 / P to calculate and eliminate the influence of the plateau environment; SpO2corrected is the blood oxygen saturation value after altitude correction; SpO 2raw is the original blood oxygen value directly measured by the sensor; P0 is the standard atmospheric pressure (usually taking the sea level value of 101.325 kPa); P is the ambient air pressure value (kPa) detected in real time, provided by the pressure sensor.

[0078] Compare the data of the bilateral temple detection modules. If the difference is > 5% for three consecutive times, turn off the light source on the abnormal side and switch to the standby module. At the same time, start historical data interpolation (generate a trend curve based on the effective values in the previous 30 seconds).

[0079] As an implementation example, during high-intensity exercise, the user's head shaking causes the baseline drift of the optical signal. The acceleration sensor detects a vibration acceleration of 3g, and the control center activates the motion compensation mode: extend the infrared light irradiation ratio to 70%, use the sliding window averaging method to smooth the data, and enable redundant acquisition of the standby photodiode array. If the bilateral data difference still exceeds the limit, the system outputs the blood oxygen value based on historical data interpolation and marks "Confidence: Medium" on the display screen. The ability to suppress motion artifacts is significantly enhanced to ensure the detection accuracy in a dynamic environment; the multi-module redundant design and intelligent compensation mechanism improve the system robustness; the real-time data annotation function enhances the user's trust in the detection results.

[0080] The number of devices and the processing scale described here are used to simplify the description of the present invention. Applications, modifications, and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

[0081] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed as above, it is not limited to the applications listed in the specification and embodiments. It can be fully applied to various fields suitable for the present invention. For those familiar with the field, additional modifications can be easily made. Therefore, without departing from the general concept defined by the claims and the equivalent scope, the present invention is not limited to the specific details and the illustrated examples here.

Claims

1. Multifunctional protective hood, characterized in that: include: A protective cover body, which forms a closed space for the face; An environmental sensor group, which is arranged on the protective cover body and at least includes: a particle detection unit for obtaining air suspension concentration data in real time, an air pressure detection unit for continuously collecting altitude data, and a physiological parameter detection unit for periodically obtaining user blood oxygen data; At least one modular filter unit is installed at the air inlet position at the front end of the protective cover body, the modular filter unit is provided with multiple filter layers and the rear end is connected to the oxygen supply module through a flexible pipeline; The environmental control component includes a ventilation device arranged on the top of the protective cover body, the air flow channel of the ventilation device is integrated with a temperature adjustment element, and the temperature adjustment element includes a refrigeration unit and a heating unit; the ventilation device obtains the real-time temperature inside the protective cover through a temperature sensor, and compares the real-time temperature with a reference temperature to select to start the refrigeration unit or the heating unit; The intelligent control center is embedded in the protective cover body and electrically connected to the environmental sensor group, the modular filter unit and the oxygen supply module, and stores a preset environmental parameter threshold matrix, which includes a first threshold interval corresponding to the concentration of air suspended matter and a second threshold interval corresponding to the altitude; the operations performed by the intelligent control center include: Based on the comparison result between the acquired air suspended matter concentration data and the first threshold interval, at least one level of the multi-level filter layer is activated; based on the comparison result between the acquired altitude data and the second threshold interval, the on / off state and oxygen supply mode of the oxygen supply module are dynamically controlled in combination with the user's blood oxygen data, and the oxygen supply modes include continuous oxygen supply and intermittent oxygen supply.

2. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-stage filter layer is configured as an outer layer, a middle layer and an inner layer. The intelligent control center activates the filter layer in the following ways: When the real-time suspended solids concentration exceeds the upper limit of the first threshold interval, all three filter layers are activated; when the real-time suspended solids concentration is within the first threshold interval, only the middle and inner filter layers are activated; when the real-time suspended solids concentration is lower than the lower limit of the first threshold interval, only the inner filter layer is activated; The intelligent control center dynamically controls the on / off status of the oxygen supply module and the oxygen supply mode in the following ways: When the real-time altitude exceeds the upper limit of the second threshold interval and the blood oxygen saturation is detected to be lower than 90% for three consecutive times, the oxygen supply module is controlled to execute the continuous oxygen supply mode; When the real-time altitude is within the second threshold range and the blood oxygen saturation fluctuates between 88% and 92%, the oxygen supply module is controlled to start the intermittent oxygen supply mode and adjust the oxygen supply time interval according to the real-time blood oxygen saturation; When the real-time altitude is lower than the lower limit of the second threshold interval, oxygen is supplied according to the blood oxygen saturation. The specific method is as follows: When the blood oxygen data is lower than 92% for 10 seconds, intermittent oxygen supply is activated, and the oxygen supply pulse frequency f is calculated according to the formula f=0.2×(100-SpO2)Hz, where SpO2 is the real-time blood oxygen saturation percentage; When the blood oxygen data is detected to be less than 88% for three consecutive times, it will switch to continuous oxygen supply mode until the blood oxygen returns to 94% and is maintained for 2 minutes.

3. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The actuator of the intermittent oxygen supply mode includes: A micro solenoid valve group includes a main control valve and a compensation valve connected in parallel. The main control valve is a direct-acting solenoid valve, and the compensation valve is a piezoelectric ceramic micro-flow valve. The dynamic frequency adjustment module adjusts the oxygen supply pulse parameters in real time according to the blood oxygen drop rate. The adjustment method is as follows: When the blood oxygen level drops by more than 2% per minute, the main control valve and the compensation valve are started to work synchronously. The main control valve executes the basic pulse, opening for 0.3 seconds and closing for 0.5 seconds in one cycle; the compensation valve superimposes high-frequency micro-pulses, opening for 0.1 seconds and closing for 0.2 seconds in one cycle. When the blood oxygen fluctuation amplitude is less than 1%, only the main control valve will perform intermittent oxygen supply, and the oxygen supply interval time will be dynamically extended according to the blood oxygen stability; The oxygen supply verification mechanism includes the following steps: After each oxygen supply pulse, the actual output is recorded by the flow sensor; when the oxygen supply deviation of three consecutive pulses is greater than 20%, it switches to the backup oxygen supply channel, forcibly shuts off the power supply of the faulty valve and activates the backup bypass manual control interface; at the initial stage of the continuous oxygen supply mode, a ramp-type boost control is adopted, and the oxygen supply flow rate is linearly increased from 0 to the set value within 5 seconds.

4. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-stage filter layer adopts a coaxial nested structure, including an outer honeycomb activated carbon cylinder, a middle annular HEPA filter and an inner nanofiber membrane cylinder. The three-layer filter structure has a common axis and a spacing of A, forming an independent airflow chamber. The airflow direction is: from the outer chamber to the middle chamber, and from the middle chamber to the inner chamber. The inner chamber is separated from the internal space of the hood by the inner nanofiber membrane cylinder. The top of the housing of the modular filter unit is provided with three independent electromagnetically controlled air inlets: The first air inlet has a diameter of B and is connected to the entrance of the outer chamber; the second air inlet has a diameter of C and is directly connected to the entrance of the middle chamber through a radial guide tube; the third air inlet has a diameter of D and is directly connected to the front end of the inner chamber through a central conduit penetrating the outer and middle layer structures; wherein B>C>D; The specific method of selectively activating the multi-stage filter layer is as follows: When the suspended matter concentration is less than 50μg / m³, only the third air inlet solenoid valve is opened to allow the airflow to pass through the central duct directly to the inner nanofiber membrane; when the suspended matter concentration is 50-100μg / m³, the first air inlet is closed and only the second air inlet solenoid valve is opened to allow the airflow to pass through the middle layer and the inner layer to form two layers of series filtration; when the suspended matter concentration is greater than 100μg / m³, only the first air inlet solenoid valve is opened to allow the airflow to perform three layers of series filtration from the outside to the inside.

5. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes an interaction unit, which includes a display device and a voice input device, wherein: The display device adopts a curved surface-fitting OLED panel, which is embedded in the corresponding area of ​​the forehead of the inner wall of the protective cover. The display interface of the display device is divided into three dynamic information areas. The left area renders a three-dimensional distribution diagram of particle concentration in real time, the middle area overlays and displays the altitude number and trend curve, and the right area displays blood oxygen saturation data in the form of a circular progress bar; The voice input device is composed of a circular array of multiple micro-MEMS microphones, the center of the array is located on the inner side of the jaw of the protective cover, and the micro-MEMS microphones are evenly spaced to form a beamforming pickup area; the voice signal processing module includes a pre-noise reduction circuit and a neural network voiceprint recognition engine, the noise reduction circuit uses an adaptive filtering algorithm to eliminate background noise, and the neural network voiceprint recognition engine extracts the user's voice features in a specific frequency band for command matching; The collaborative control mechanism of the voice input device is: When the voice signal processing module recognizes the data display instruction, it wakes up the OLED panel and highlights the corresponding information area; when no operation is detected for 10 seconds, the control panel switches to a low refresh rate energy-saving mode; when a temperature adjustment instruction is recognized, the deflection angle of the guide plate and the opening and closing parameters of the shutter blades are controlled by the environmental control component to adjust the temperature inside the hood; when a filter mode switching instruction is recognized, the corresponding filter layer is activated through the intelligent control center; when an oxygen supply mode adjustment instruction is recognized, the oxygen supply method and oxygen supply parameters of the oxygen supply module are modified through the intelligent control center.

6. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The environmental control component specifically includes the following structure and collaborative working mode: The refrigeration unit uses a semiconductor refrigeration chip, whose cold end surface is connected to an aluminum heat dissipation fin array, and the fin spacing forms a vertical airflow channel; the heating unit uses a nickel-chromium alloy heating wire coated with a ceramic insulation layer, and the heating wire is arranged in a wave shape on a high-temperature resistant mica substrate; the refrigeration unit and the heating unit are arranged in parallel, and a flip guide plate is set in the middle. The guide plate controls the deflection angle through a micro servo motor to select the airflow path; The inner wall of the air duct of the air flow channel is provided with spiral guide ribs, and the height of the ribs gradually decreases from the inlet end to the outlet end to form a turbulence suppression structure; the air outlet grid of the air flow channel adopts a shutter-type adjustable structure, and a micro-stepping motor is set at the axis of each blade; the temperature of the facial area is detected by the temperature sensor array, and the opening and closing angles of each blade are independently adjusted according to the temperature distribution; When it is detected that the temperature of the forehead area is 2°C higher than that of the cheek area, the guide plate deflects to the cooling side and adjusts the shutter blades to tilt downward 15°; when it is detected that the temperature of the breathing zone is 3°C lower than that of the neck area, the heating unit is activated and the diverter is controlled to direct 60% of the airflow to the chin area; during the mode switching process, the working voltage of the semiconductor refrigeration plate and the power-on cycle of the heating wire are dynamically adjusted through the PID controller.

7. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 6, characterized in that: The specific method of temperature detection and coordinated regulation of the temperature regulating element is as follows: Distributed temperature sensing nodes are set in the key heat exchange area of ​​the inner wall of the protective cover, and a macro detection probe is installed at the corresponding position of the forehead of the human face. The probe surface is covered with a heat conductive layer and maintains a non-contact detection gap with the skin. The detection end of the cheekbone area on both sides of the face is extended to the adjacent area of ​​the face through a copper heat conductive rod, and an airflow temperature monitoring point is set at the outlet of the respiratory duct; the detection signal of each sensor node is pre-processed by the differential amplifier circuit and input into the control unit of the environmental control component, a three-dimensional facial temperature field model is constructed and a thermal map is generated in real time to identify high temperature concentration areas and low temperature abnormal areas; When the three-dimensional temperature field model shows that the forehead area continues to rise in temperature, the control unit first drives the guide plate to deflect to the semiconductor cooling plate side, simultaneously increases the cooling plate working voltage and adjusts the downward inclination angle of the shutter blades, so that the cooling airflow covers the high-temperature area in a directional manner; If the temperature difference between the neck and the breathing zone exceeds the set range, the nickel-chromium alloy heating wire is started and the diverter rotation angle is controlled to direct the main airflow to the low-temperature area, while reducing the speed of the axial flow fan in the airflow channel to extend the airflow heating time; The temperature regulating element is equipped with a safety control unit. Each sensor node is equipped with a backup sensor group. When a sudden change in temperature data is detected, it automatically switches to the backup sensor group and starts the self-test program. When it is detected that the refrigeration unit and the heating unit fail at the same time, the emergency heat dissipation holes are forced to open and switch to natural ventilation mode. When continuous temperature control failure is detected, a warning is triggered and the fan power level is increased.

8. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oxygen supply module adopts a dual-source oxygen supply switching system, which specifically includes: A main and auxiliary dual air intake channel structure, wherein the main air intake channel is connected to a built-in oxygen bag, a normally closed electromagnetic stop valve is arranged in the main air intake channel, and a first pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the valve body; the auxiliary air intake channel is externally connected to a quick-detachable oxygen supply backpack, a one-way electromagnetic valve is arranged in the auxiliary air intake channel, and a second pressure sensor is installed at the inlet end of the valve body; The oxygen supply module controls the switching of oxygen supply sources in the following ways: A first pressure threshold and a second pressure threshold are set for the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor, respectively. When the pressure value of one of the pressure sensors P1 is lower than the corresponding pressure threshold, and the pressure value of the other pressure sensor P2 is higher than the corresponding pressure threshold, only the solenoid valve of the intake passage corresponding to P2 is opened; When the pressure values ​​of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor of the dual-channel are both higher than the corresponding effective pressure threshold, the secondary channel is used to supply oxygen first and the main channel is kept closed, and the opening ratio of the two-channel valves is adjusted by the PID controller; When the pressure value of the first pressure sensor and the second pressure sensor of the dual-channel are both lower than the preset safety pressure critical value, an oxygen supplement warning is triggered; A Venturi mixing tube is arranged at the intersection of the main and auxiliary air intake passages. The throat diameter of the mixing tube is 0.6 times the diameter of the main air intake passage. A turbine flow meter is installed at the outlet of the mixing tube to obtain flow feedback data in real time to the control unit of the oxygen supply module.

9. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific structure and data collection method of the environmental sensor group are as follows: The particle detection unit adopts a laser scattering sensor, which is installed on the outside of the protective cover through a three-point shock-absorbing bracket. The signal line of the laser scattering sensor passes through the wall of the protective cover and is airtightly treated with a silicone sealing ring; The air pressure detection unit includes a MEMS air pressure sensor chip, which is encapsulated in a cavity with a vent hole, the cavity is fixed to the top of the protective cover, and a spiral decompression airway is opened on the side wall of the cavity, and the airway is filled with a porous metal filter element for balancing sudden changes in air pressure; The physiological parameter detection unit is composed of a reflective photoelectric sensor array, which includes two groups of detection modules symmetrically arranged in the temple contact area, each group of modules includes a red LED, an infrared LED and a photodiode, and the LED light source extends through a light guide column and is connected to a silicone contact pad; During the communication between the sensor units of the environmental sensor group and the intelligent control center, the particle detection unit sends a concentration data packet every 200ms, including the original scattered light intensity value and the self-calibration coefficient; the air pressure detection unit uploads the absolute pressure value after temperature compensation every second; the physiological parameter detection unit transmits dual-wavelength light absorption rate data at a frequency of 10Hz.

10. The multifunctional protective head cover according to claim 9, characterized in that: The physiological parameter detection unit realizes blood oxygen detection through a multimodal signal processing algorithm, and the specific implementation method is as follows: The red LED and the infrared LED are driven in an alternating pulse mode, and each wavelength light source is lighted in turn in a 10ms cycle. The reflected light signal received by the photodiode is converted into a voltage signal by a transimpedance amplifier, and then passes through an instrument amplifier to eliminate the common-mode interference of ambient light, and then the gain amplifier dynamically adjusts the gain multiple to stabilize the peak-to-peak value of the output signal within a preset voltage range. The physiological parameter detection unit integrates an acceleration sensor, synchronously collects acceleration data from the acceleration sensor and inputs it into the digital filter module. The wavelet transform algorithm is used to separate the signal baseline drift caused by head movement and extract the pure pulse wave AC component. The absorbance under red light and infrared light is obtained by comparing the power of the emission signal of the two wavelengths of light and the received reflected light signal, and the absorbance ratio of the two wavelengths of light is calculated and input into a pre-stored calibration model to obtain the original blood oxygen value; the calibration model establishes a nonlinear mapping relationship between the absorbance ratio and the blood oxygen saturation through experimental data, and stores it in the flash memory of the physiological parameter detection unit; The measurement results of the two groups of detection modules are compared in real time. When the difference between the two-side data exceeds the set threshold for three consecutive times, the self-test process is started: the light source driving circuit of the current main module is turned off, the data is switched to the backup module for data collection, and the consistency index of the two-side data is recalculated; If the difference still exceeds the tolerance range, the historical data interpolation compensation algorithm is activated, and a trend model is established based on the valid data of the previous 30 seconds to output the alternative value.

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