Photovoltaic panel recycling method

Abstract

The invention provides a photovoltaic panel recycling method which comprises the following steps: extracting a panel body of a photovoltaic panel, and crushing the panel body to obtain panel powder. And oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution. And sorting the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution, and extracting the recycled raw material. The panel body is smashed to obtain panel powder, the panel powder is dissolved in a solvent, and a solution containing the panel powder is prepared; an oxidizing agent is added into the solution containing the panel powder to remove a glue film of the solution containing the panel powder, and a mixed powder solution is obtained. The mixed powder for removing the adhesive film comprises PET plastic powder, glass powder, silicon wafer powder and conductive silver paste powder, the specific gravity of the glass powder is close to that of the silicon wafer powder, and the specific gravity of the PET plastic powder, the specific gravity of the silicon wafer powder and the specific gravity of the conductive silver paste powder are different greatly, so that the PET plastic powder, the conductive silver paste powder and a composition of the glass powder and the silicon wafer powder are recycled respectively. The method does not need an organic solvent and a relatively high temperature, and can reduce the cost of recycling the photovoltaic panel.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic panel recycling, and in particular to a method for recycling photovoltaic panels. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of the photovoltaic power generation industry, the production of photovoltaic panels has been continuously expanding. When the service life of photovoltaic panels is relatively long, or when photovoltaic panels are damaged, they need to be recycled. For example, as the service life of the first-generation solar panels, i.e., crystalline silicon solar panels, expires, and with the upgrade and elimination of the second-generation and third-generation solar panels, the amount of waste photovoltaic panels will continue to increase in the future. Waste photovoltaic panels contain a large amount of resources such as glass, silicon wafers, and metals.

[0003] The general composition of a photovoltaic panel is as Figure 1 shown. The photovoltaic glass on the upper layer of the photovoltaic panel is generally tempered glass, and the battery cells are monocrystalline silicon wafers or polycrystalline silicon wafers. The upper layer of the photovoltaic panel is coated with conductive silver paste, and the backsheet is made of glass and PET plastic sheets. The photovoltaic panel also includes components such as a frame and a junction box.

[0004] Two layers of adhesive film usually use EVA adhesive for bonding between the upper and lower layers. EVA adhesive has strong viscosity, but it will cause difficulties in subsequent recycling. How to remove the adhesive film and achieve the recycling of all components is a research hotspot in the industry. Currently, the photovoltaic panel recycling technologies mainly include mechanical scraping, pyrolysis, and organic solvent dissolution separation. One of the existing mechanical scraping methods is to use a planing method to separate the photovoltaic panel layer by layer, which may have the problem of incomplete planing. One of the existing pyrolysis methods is to use medium-high temperature pyrolysis technology (150 - 250 °C, 300 - 520 °C) to pyrolyze and remove EVA step by step to separate each layer. However, the medium-high temperature pyrolysis technology has the problem of high energy consumption due to the need for a relatively high temperature. One of the existing organic solvent dissolution separation methods is to use a complex organic solvent such as N, N-dimethylpropionamide to dissolve the EVA bonding layer to achieve the separation and recycling of each layer. However, this method has the problem of how to handle the subsequent organic solvent.

[0005] Therefore, a method for recycling photovoltaic panels that does not require organic solvents and a relatively high temperature, thereby reducing the recycling cost, is needed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To overcome the problems existing in the related technologies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, which does not require organic solvents and a relatively high temperature, thereby reducing the recycling cost.

[0007] A method for recycling photovoltaic panels includes:

[0008] Extracting the panel body of the photovoltaic panel;

[0009] Crush the panel body to obtain panel powder;

[0010] Oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution;

[0011] Sort the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials.

[0012] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the extraction of the panel body of the photovoltaic panel includes:

[0013] Fix the photovoltaic panel;

[0014] Remove the frame of the photovoltaic panel to obtain a frameless panel;

[0015] Remove the junction box of the frameless panel to obtain the panel body.

[0016] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the crushing of the panel body to obtain panel powder includes:

[0017] Perform air crushing on the panel body to obtain crushed particles;

[0018] Screen the crushed particles to obtain panel powder.

[0019] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, before oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution, it further includes:

[0020] Put the panel powder into a stirring reaction kettle;

[0021] Add a solvent according to a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 - 1:6;

[0022] Stir the panel powder and the solvent in the stirring reaction kettle to obtain a solution containing the panel powder.

[0023] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the oxidizing of the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution includes:

[0024] Add an oxidant to the solution containing the panel powder;

[0025] Control the temperature of the oxidation reaction within a range less than the first preset temperature to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0026] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the sorting of the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials includes:

[0027] Filter the mixed powder solution to obtain mixed powder;

[0028] Put the mixed powder into a hydraulic shaking table for sorting to obtain recycled raw materials.

[0029] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after obtaining the mixed powder, it further includes:

[0030] Add a solvent to the mixed powder and wash the mixed powder.

[0031] Drain the mixed powder.

[0032] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the step of putting the mixed powder into a hydraulic shaking table for sorting to obtain recycled raw materials includes:

[0033] Put the mixed powder into the water flow of the hydraulic shaking table.

[0034] Recover PET plastic powder at the first discharge port of the hydraulic shaking table.

[0035] Recover silicon wafer powder and glass powder at the second discharge port of the hydraulic shaking table.

[0036] Recover conductive silver paste powder at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaking table; wherein, the first discharge port is the farthest from the feed port, the third discharge port is the closest to the feed port, and the second discharge port is located between the first discharge port and the third discharge port.

[0037] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after recovering the conductive silver paste powder at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaking table, it further includes:

[0038] Drain the PET plastic powder and the conductive silver paste powder.

[0039] Recover the PET plastic powder.

[0040] Recover silver in the conductive silver paste powder.

[0041] In a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the oxidant is sodium persulfate, the addition amount of sodium persulfate is 1.5 times that of the adhesive film, and the first preset temperature is 60°C.

[0042] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0043] The present invention provides a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, which includes extracting the panel body of the photovoltaic panel, pulverizing the panel body to obtain panel powder. Oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution. Sorting the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycling raw materials. Since the materials to be recycled are concentrated in the panel body of the photovoltaic panel, the structures other than the panel body of the photovoltaic panel are removed, and the panel body is extracted. The panel body is pulverized to obtain panel powder, and the panel powder is dissolved in a solvent to prepare a solution containing the panel powder. An oxidant is added to the solution containing the panel powder to remove the adhesive film of the solution containing the panel powder, and a mixed powder solution is obtained. The mixed powder solution is converted from a liquid state to a solid state by air drying to obtain a mixed powder with the adhesive film removed. The mixed powder with the adhesive film removed includes PET plastic powder, glass powder, silicon wafer powder, and conductive silver paste powder. The specific gravities of the glass powder and the silicon wafer powder are relatively close, and the specific gravities of the PET plastic powder, the silicon wafer powder, and the conductive silver paste powder are quite different. Therefore, according to the specific gravities of different components in the mixed powder, the present invention separately recycles the PET plastic powder, the conductive silver paste powder, and the composition of the glass powder and the silicon wafer powder. The present invention does not require organic solvents and high temperatures, and can reduce the cost of recycling photovoltaic panels. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the method for recycling photovoltaic panels of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 3 is a flowchart of extracting the panel body of the photovoltaic panel of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 4 is a flowchart of putting the mixed powder into a hydraulic shaker for sorting of the present invention.

[0048] Reference numerals: 1, frame; 2, photovoltaic glass; 3, adhesive film; 4, battery silicon wafer; 5, backsheet; 6, junction box. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present invention can be implemented in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments described herein. On the contrary, these embodiments are provided to make the present invention more thorough and complete, and to be able to fully convey the scope of the present invention to those skilled in the art.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] As Figure 2 shown, this example provides a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, including:

[0052] S1: Extract the panel body of the photovoltaic panel.

[0053] S2: Crush the panel body to obtain panel powder.

[0054] S3: Oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0055] S4: Sort the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials.

[0056] The photovoltaic panel is composed of a panel body, a frame 1, and a junction box 6. The panel body includes photovoltaic glass 2, a glue film 3, battery silicon wafers 4, and a backplane 5. The battery silicon wafers 4 are arranged in the middle of the photovoltaic panel. From the first side of the battery silicon wafers 4 outwards are the glue film 3, the photovoltaic glass 2, and the frame 1 in sequence. From the second side of the battery silicon wafers 4 outwards are the glue film 3, the backplane 5, and the junction box 6 in sequence. The battery silicon wafers 4 are single-crystalline silicon wafers or polycrystalline silicon wafers, and a conductive material is coated on the battery silicon wafers 4. The conductive material is conductive silver paste. Silicon wafer powder and conductive silver paste can be recovered from the battery silicon wafers 4, and glass powder can be recovered from the photovoltaic glass 2.

[0057] According to the structure of the photovoltaic panel, the frame 1 and the junction box 6 of the photovoltaic panel will be removed by means such as unscrewing or cutting. After removing the frame 1 and the junction box 6 of the photovoltaic panel, the panel body is put into a jet mill to perform jet milling on the panel body. A 50-mesh or 60-mesh sieve is set at the outlet of the jet mill to screen out panel powder with a particle size of 50 mesh or below 60 mesh. Setting the sieve can ensure that the particle size of the panel powder after being milled by the jet mill is small enough to increase the reaction rate between the panel powder and the solvent.

[0058] The panel powder is added to a solvent to obtain a solution containing the panel powder. An oxidant is added to the solution containing the panel powder. The oxidant reacts with the glue film 3 in the solution containing the panel powder to remove the glue film 3. The main component of the glue film 3 of the panel body of the present invention is EVA adhesive, and the EVA adhesive is ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer.

[0059] The mixed powder solution is drained to obtain mixed powder. The mixed powder contains PET plastic powder, silicon wafer powder, glass powder, and conductive silver paste powder. Since the specific gravities of different components in the mixed powder are different, the PET plastic powder, conductive silver paste powder, glass powder, and silicon wafer powder can be screened out according to the specific gravities of different components to realize the recycling of PET plastic powder and silver.

[0060] This embodiment provides a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, which includes extracting the panel body of the photovoltaic panel, crushing the panel body to obtain panel powder. Oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution. Separating the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycling raw materials. Since the materials to be recycled are concentrated in the panel body of the photovoltaic panel, the structures other than the panel body of the photovoltaic panel are removed, and the panel body is extracted. The panel body is crushed to obtain panel powder, and the panel powder is dissolved in a solvent to prepare a solution containing the panel powder. An oxidant is added to the solution containing the panel powder to remove the adhesive film 3 of the solution containing the panel powder, obtaining a mixed powder solution. The mixed powder solution is converted from a liquid state to a solid state by air drying to obtain the mixed powder with the adhesive film 3 removed. The mixed powder with the adhesive film 3 removed includes PET plastic powder, glass powder, silicon wafer powder, and conductive silver paste powder. The specific gravities of the glass powder and the silicon wafer powder are relatively close, while the specific gravities of the PET plastic powder, the silicon wafer powder, and the conductive silver paste powder are quite different. Therefore, in the present invention, according to the specific gravities of different components in the mixed powder, the PET plastic powder, the conductive silver paste powder, and the composition of the glass powder and the silicon wafer powder are recycled respectively. The present invention does not require organic solvents and high temperatures, which can reduce the cost of recycling photovoltaic panels and achieve mass production.

[0061] Embodiment 2

[0062] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, including:

[0063] S1: Extract the panel body of the photovoltaic panel.

[0064] S2: Crush the panel body to obtain panel powder.

[0065] S3: Oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0066] S4: Separate the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycling raw materials.

[0067] As Figure 3 shown, the extraction of the panel body of the photovoltaic panel includes:

[0068] S11: Fix the photovoltaic panel.

[0069] S12: Remove the frame of the photovoltaic panel to obtain a frameless panel.

[0070] S13: Remove the junction box of the frameless panel to obtain the panel body.

[0071] The photovoltaic panel includes a battery silicon wafer 4, a frame 1, photovoltaic glass 2, a glue film 3, a backplane 5, and a junction box 6. The battery silicon wafer 4 is arranged in the middle of the photovoltaic panel. From the first side of the battery silicon wafer 4 outwards, there are successively the glue film 3, the photovoltaic glass 2, and the frame 1. From the second side of the battery silicon wafer 4 outwards, there are successively the glue film 3, the backplane 5, and the junction box 6.

[0072] Since the frame 1 and the junction box 6 do not contain materials that need to be recycled, and it is convenient to crush the panel body after removing the frame 1 and the junction box 6, the photovoltaic panel is fixed at the disassembly position, and then the frame 1 and the junction box 6 of the photovoltaic panel are removed by means such as unscrewing or cutting according to the structure of the photovoltaic panel to obtain the panel body.

[0073] Crushing the panel body to obtain panel powder includes:

[0074] S21: Subject the panel body to air flow crushing to obtain crushed particles.

[0075] S22: Screen the crushed particles to obtain panel powder.

[0076] Put the panel body into an air flow mill to perform air flow crushing on the panel body. The air flow mill includes the following working methods: flat air flow mill, fluidized bed opposed jet air flow mill, circulating tube air flow mill, opposed jet air flow mill, and target type air flow mill. In the opposed jet air flow mill, the material enters the crushing chamber through a spiral feeder, and then high-speed air flows are ejected from several oppositely arranged nozzles. The air flow expands rapidly to generate collision and friction forces to crush the material. In the flat air flow mill, the high-pressure air flow serving as the crushing kinetic energy enters the pressure stabilizing air storage tank outside the crushing chamber. After this air flow is accelerated into a supersonic air flow through a Laval nozzle, it enters the crushing chamber, and at the same time, the material is accelerated and introduced into the crushing chamber through a Venturi nozzle for synchronous crushing. In the circulating tube air flow mill, the raw material is added to the crushing chamber through a Venturi nozzle, and the high-pressure air flow is sprayed into the circulating tube crushing chamber with variable curvature through a group of nozzles to accelerate the particles so that they impact, collide, and rub against each other to be crushed.

[0077] A screen is arranged at the outlet of the air flow mill, and the mesh number of the screen is 50 or 60, so that the powder with a larger particle size cannot be output, and the powder with a larger particle size is continuously crushed in the air flow mill, thereby ensuring that the panel powder after being screened by the screen has a smaller particle size. The smaller the particle size of the panel powder, the larger the contact area between the panel powder and the solvent, enabling the panel powder to dissolve in the solvent such as water faster.

[0078] Before oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution, it further includes:

[0079] S21': Put the panel powder into a stirring reaction kettle.

[0080] S22’: Add a solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 - 1:6.

[0081] S23’: Stir the panel powder and the solvent in the stirring reaction kettle to obtain a solution containing the panel powder.

[0082] In this embodiment, the solvent added to the stirring reaction kettle is water. The panel powder screened by the sieve is added to the stirring reaction kettle, and then water is added to the stirring reaction kettle. The solid-liquid ratio of the panel powder to water is 1:4 - 1:6. Stir the solid-liquid mixture in the stirring reaction kettle evenly to obtain a solution containing the panel powder.

[0083] Add an oxidant to the solution containing the panel powder to oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to remove the adhesive film 3 and obtain a mixed powder solution. The ethylene monomer molecules in the EVA adhesive can undergo an oxidation reaction under the action of factors such as heat and oxygen, causing the molecular chain to break and thus changing the molecular structure.

[0084] Sort the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials. The mixed powder contains PET plastic powder, silicon wafer powder, glass powder, and conductive silver paste powder. Since the specific gravities of different components in the mixed powder are different, the PET plastic powder, conductive silver paste powder, glass powder, and silicon wafer powder can be screened according to the specific gravities of different components to realize the recycling of PET plastic powder and silver.

[0085] In this embodiment, crushing the panel body to obtain panel powder includes subjecting the panel body to air flow crushing to obtain crushed particles. Screen the crushed particles to obtain panel powder. Before oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution, it also includes putting the panel powder into a stirring reaction kettle, adding a solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4 - 1:6. Stir the panel powder and the solvent in the stirring reaction kettle to obtain a solution containing the panel powder. Add an oxidant to the solution containing the panel powder to oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to remove the adhesive film 3 and obtain a mixed powder solution. The ethylene monomer molecules in the EVA adhesive can undergo an oxidation reaction under the action of factors such as heat and oxygen, causing the molecular chain to break and thus changing the molecular structure.

[0086] Example 3

[0087] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, including:

[0088] S1: Extract the panel body of the photovoltaic panel.

[0089] S2: Crush the panel body to obtain panel powder.

[0090] S3: Oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0091] S4: Sort the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials.

[0092] The oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution includes:

[0093] S31: Add an oxidant to the solution containing the panel powder.

[0094] S32: Control the temperature of the oxidation reaction within a range less than the first preset temperature to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0095] The oxidant can be selected from sodium persulfate or potassium permanganate. In this embodiment, sodium persulfate is taken as an example of the oxidant. Sodium persulfate is a strong oxidant, and its working principle is to decompose organic and inorganic substances through the oxidation ability of its ions. When sodium persulfate comes into contact with water, it will quickly decompose into sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, both of which have strong oxidizing properties. Hydrogen peroxide will further decompose into water and oxygen, and at the same time, a large amount of heat will be generated. This heat can accelerate the decomposition of sodium persulfate and make its oxidation ability stronger.

[0096] The total addition amount of sodium persulfate is 1.5 times the content of the adhesive film. Slowly add sodium persulfate. When the oxidation reaction is relatively intense, suspend adding sodium persulfate. If the temperature of the oxidation reaction is too high, an explosion may occur or destructive products may be generated. Set the first preset temperature to 60 °C and control the temperature of the entire oxidation reaction process below 60 °C to ensure the safety of the process of removing the EVA adhesive. By using the method of adding sodium persulfate, remove the EVA adhesive in the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0097] The sorting the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials includes:

[0098] S41: Filter the mixed powder solution to obtain mixed powder.

[0099] S42: Put the mixed powder into a hydraulic shaking table for sorting to obtain recycled raw materials.

[0100] Filter the mixed powder solution, and treat the filtrate as wastewater. Add water to the mixed powder after filtration for cleaning. The liquid after cleaning contains sodium persulfate. In the next oxidation reaction, add the liquid after cleaning as an oxidant to the solution containing the panel powder, which can save sodium persulfate.

[0101] The mixed powder contains PET plastic powder, silicon wafer powder, glass powder and conductive silver paste powder. The specific gravities of the silicon wafer powder and the glass powder are relatively close, while the specific gravities of the PET plastic powder, the silicon wafer powder and the conductive silver paste powder are quite different. According to the different specific gravities of the three, three discharge ports are set in the hydraulic shaker. Since materials with different specific gravities have different flow velocities in water, the material with a smaller specific gravity flows farther forward with the water. The mixed powder is put into the water flow of the hydraulic shaker. The flow velocity of the water flow of the hydraulic shaker is fixed, and the distances of the three discharge ports are different, so as to separate the three materials.

[0102] In this embodiment, the solution containing panel powder is oxidized to obtain a mixed powder solution, including adding an oxidant to the solution containing panel powder and controlling the temperature of the oxidation reaction within a range less than the first preset temperature to obtain the mixed powder solution. The mixed powder in the mixed powder solution is sorted to extract the recycled raw materials, including filtering the mixed powder solution to obtain the mixed powder. The mixed powder is put into a hydraulic shaker for sorting to obtain the recycled raw materials. Since materials with different specific gravities have different flow velocities in water, the material with a smaller specific gravity flows farther forward with the water. The mixed powder is put into the water flow of the hydraulic shaker. The flow velocity of the water flow of the hydraulic shaker is fixed, and the distances of the three discharge ports are different, so as to separate the three materials.

[0103] Example 4

[0104] As Figure 2 shown, this embodiment provides a method for recycling photovoltaic panels, including:

[0105] S1: Extract the panel body of the photovoltaic panel.

[0106] S2: Crush the panel body to obtain panel powder.

[0107] S3: Oxidize the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution.

[0108] S4: Sort the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials.

[0109] The sorting of the mixed powder in the mixed powder solution to extract the recycled raw materials includes:

[0110] S41: Filter the mixed powder solution to obtain the mixed powder.

[0111] S42: Put the mixed powder into a hydraulic shaker for sorting to obtain the recycled raw materials.

[0112] After obtaining the mixed powder, it further includes:

[0113] S41’: Add a solvent to the mixed powder to wash the mixed powder.

[0114] S42': Drain the mixed powder.

[0115] First perform step S41, then perform steps S41'-S42', and finally perform step S42.

[0116] In this embodiment, the solvent added to the mixed powder is water, and the solution obtained after cleaning the mixed powder contains sodium persulfate. This solution can be used for the next oxidation reaction, thus saving sodium persulfate.

[0117] Put the drained mixed powder into the water flow of a hydraulic shaker, and the flow rate of the water flow of the hydraulic shaker is fixed. In the water flow with a constant flow rate, the specific gravities of different components are different. The component with a smaller specific gravity flows farther forward with the water flow. When the specific gravity difference is greater than 1, the separation of different components can be achieved. Set three discharge ports at different distances. The first discharge port is the farthest from the feed port, the third discharge port is the closest to the feed port, and the second discharge port is located between the first discharge port and the third discharge port.

[0118] As Figure 4 shown, the step of putting the mixed powder into a hydraulic shaker for sorting to obtain recycled raw materials includes:

[0119] S421: Put the mixed powder into the water flow of the hydraulic shaker.

[0120] S422: Recover PET plastic powder at the first discharge port of the hydraulic shaker.

[0121] S423: Recover silicon wafer powder and glass powder at the second discharge port of the hydraulic shaker.

[0122] S424: Recover conductive silver paste powder at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaker; wherein, the first discharge port is the farthest from the feed port, the third discharge port is the closest to the feed port, and the second discharge port is located between the first discharge port and the third discharge port.

[0123] The specific gravity of PET plastic powder is 1.3, the specific gravity of silicon wafer powder is 2.3, the specific gravity of glass powder is 2.5, and the specific gravity of conductive silver paste powder is 10.4. The specific gravity of PET plastic powder is the smallest, the specific gravity of conductive silver paste powder is the largest, the specific gravity of silicon wafer powder is between that of plastic powder and conductive silver paste powder, and the specific gravity of glass powder is close to that of silicon wafer powder. PET plastic powder flows the farthest with the water flow, conductive silver paste powder flows the closest with the water flow, and the flowing distances of silicon wafer powder and glass powder are between those of PET plastic powder and conductive silver paste powder. Therefore, recover PET plastic powder at the first discharge port, recover silicon wafer powder and glass powder at the second discharge port, and recover conductive silver paste powder at the third discharge port.

[0124] After recovering the conductive silver paste powder at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaker, it further includes:

[0125] S425: Drain the PET plastic powder and the conductive silver paste powder.

[0126] S426: Recycle the PET plastic powder.

[0127] S427: Recover the silver in the conductive silver paste powder.

[0128] The drained PET plastic powder can be used as recycled PET raw material, the silicon wafer powder and the glass powder can be unified as waste glass and used as raw materials in the glass industry, and silver can be recovered from the drained conductive silver paste powder, thus realizing the effective recovery of multiple components.

[0129] The silicon wafer powder is derived from the battery silicon wafer 4, the battery silicon wafer 4 is a single-crystal silicon wafer or a polycrystalline silicon wafer, the glass powder is derived from the protective glass, and the conductive silver paste powder is a conductive material coated on the surface of the battery silicon wafer 4.

[0130] In this embodiment, the mixed powder is put into a hydraulic shaker for separation to obtain recycled raw materials, including putting the mixed powder into the water flow of the hydraulic shaker, recovering the PET plastic powder at the first discharge port of the hydraulic shaker, recovering the silicon wafer powder and the glass powder at the second discharge port of the hydraulic shaker, and recovering the conductive silver paste powder at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaker. The drained PET plastic powder can be used as recycled PET raw material, the silicon wafer powder and the glass powder can be unified as waste glass and used as raw materials in the glass industry, and silver can be recovered from the drained conductive silver paste powder, thus realizing the effective recovery of multiple components.

[0131] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangements, numerical expressions and values of the components and steps set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present application. In all the examples shown and discussed here, any specific value should be construed as merely exemplary and not as a limitation. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that: like reference numerals and letters denote like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0132] It should be understood that the spatially relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures of the device. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "on top of other devices or structures" will then be oriented "below other devices or structures" or "beneath other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above..." can include both the orientation of "above..." and "below...". The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and corresponding interpretations may be made to the spatially relative descriptions used herein.

[0133] In addition, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Without additional statements, the above terms have no special meanings, so they should not be construed as limiting the protection scope of this application.

[0134] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic panel recycling method, characterized in that: include: Extract the panel body of the photovoltaic panel; crushing the panel body to obtain panel powder; Oxidizing a solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution; The mixed powder in the mixed powder solution is sorted to extract the recycled raw materials.

2. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The panel body of the photovoltaic panel is extracted, comprising: fixing the photovoltaic panel; Removing the frame of the photovoltaic panel to obtain a frameless panel; The junction box of the frameless panel is removed to obtain the panel body.

3. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The method of crushing the panel body to obtain panel powder comprises: The panel body is subjected to air flow crushing to obtain crushed particles; The crushed particles are screened to obtain panel powder.

4. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution, the method further comprises: Put the panel powder into a stirred reactor; Add solvent at a solid-liquid ratio of 1:4-1:6; The panel powder and the solvent in the stirred reactor are stirred to obtain a solution containing the panel powder.

5. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of oxidizing the solution containing the panel powder to obtain a mixed powder solution comprises: adding an oxidant to a solution containing the panel powder; The temperature of the oxidation reaction is controlled within a range less than a first preset temperature to obtain a mixed powder solution.

6. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mixed powder in the mixed powder solution is sorted to extract the recycled raw materials, including: filtering the mixed powder solution to obtain a mixed powder; The mixed powder is put into a hydraulic shaker for sorting to obtain a recycled raw material.

7. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: After obtaining the mixed powder, the method further comprises: adding a solvent to the mixed powder to wash the mixed powder; Drain the mixture.

8. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The mixed powder is put into a hydraulic shaker for sorting to obtain recycled raw materials, including: Putting the mixed powder into the water flow of the hydraulic shaker; Recovering PET plastic powder at the first discharge port of the hydraulic shaker; Recover silicon wafer powder and glass powder at the second discharge port of the hydraulic shaker; The conductive silver paste powder is recovered at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaking table; wherein the first discharge port is farthest from the feed port, the third discharge port is closest to the feed port, and the second discharge port is located between the first discharge port and the third discharge port.

9. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 8, characterized in that: After the conductive silver paste powder is recovered at the third discharge port of the hydraulic shaking table, the method further comprises: Drain the PET plastic powder and the conductive silver paste powder; Recycling the PET plastic powder; The silver in the conductive silver paste powder is recovered.

10. The photovoltaic panel recycling method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The oxidant is sodium persulfate, the added amount of the sodium persulfate is 1.5 times of the adhesive film, and the first preset temperature is 60°C.

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