New energy automobile energy management strategy
By adopting energy management strategies in new energy vehicles, including three driving modes that VCU controls APU power generation power, the problem of the whole vehicle's energy out of control during the passenger compartment heating is solved, driving safety and vehicle use experience are ensured, and battery life is extended.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510602461.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-12
- Publication Date
- 2025-06-24
AI Technical Summary
When heating the passenger compartment, new energy vehicles may cause the entire vehicle to lose control, affecting driving safety and vehicle use experience.
A new energy vehicle energy management strategy is adopted, including three modes: pure electric drive, custom drive and intelligent drive. The power generation power of the APU is controlled through the VCU to ensure that the vehicle energy management takes into account both the power and battery power maintenance needs during the passenger compartment heating.
While meeting the heating needs of the passenger compartment, it avoids the risk of out-of-control energy of the entire vehicle, ensures the safety and experience of the user's car use, and extends the battery life.
Smart Images
Figure CN120191222A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of new energy vehicle integrated control, and more specifically, to an energy management strategy for new energy vehicles. Background Art
[0002] The energy management strategy of new energy vehicles is extremely important for ensuring the smooth operation of the vehicle and preventing unexpected energy out-of-control. Especially when heating or cooling the passenger compartment and the core components of the power system in winter or summer, a large amount of additional electric energy is required for heating or cooling at this time. If the strategy is not properly handled, it may lead to the vehicle breaking down or seriously affecting the driving comfort experience. Therefore, the integrated energy management strategy of new energy vehicles plays a key role in the overall vehicle use experience and vehicle use safety of users.
[0003] Conventional energy management strategies mainly monitor the power consumption of thermal management, high-voltage accessories, and electric drive, and make comprehensive trade-off decisions on whether to allow relevant components to consume electricity and the power at which to discharge in combination with the available battery power. When the battery power is low, if the user drives aggressively or accelerates suddenly, etc., the instantaneous large current output at the drive end will instantly lower the voltage of the battery cell, and in extreme conditions, it will cause the battery to report cell undervoltage, severe undervoltage, or even extreme undervoltage faults. To protect the battery, the battery management system will report a high-level fault to cut off the high voltage of the vehicle, thereby affecting the driving safety of the vehicle. Summary of the Invention
[0004] The present invention provides an energy management strategy for new energy vehicles, which conducts targeted analysis and design for different working conditions and driving modes during passenger compartment heating. On the premise of meeting the basic drive control, it can simultaneously meet the heating requirements of the passenger compartment, and also ensure that the vehicle will not have the risk of energy out-of-control in extreme conditions, thus guaranteeing the vehicle use safety of users and ensuring the vehicle use experience of users.
[0005] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an energy management strategy for new energy vehicles, including three driving modes: pure electric drive, custom drive, and intelligent drive. Each of the three driving modes includes non-heating working condition energy management control and heating working condition energy management control. At the same time, the battery conducts charge and discharge power control, and the APU conducts start-stop power generation control.
[0006] Further defined, when the whole vehicle is in pure electric drive mode and the driver turns on the heating demand, the VCU will control the APU to start running, and the start and operation of the APU are solely for providing heating heat source for the passenger compartment. The VCU corrects the power generation power of the APU according to the reference ambient temperature. As the driving mileage increases, the power of the power battery will gradually decrease, and the discharge capacity of the battery will also gradually decrease. The power supply from the battery discharge to the drive end will cause the dynamic performance of the whole vehicle to gradually decrease. When the battery discharge capacity is lower than the rated power of the motor, the VCU will control the APU to exit the pure heating power generation working condition and turn to the energy management control that takes into account the dynamic performance of the whole vehicle. When the battery discharge capacity is lower than the rated power of the motor, the power generation power of the APU needs to simultaneously meet the power consumption requirements of the electric drive system, DCDC, DCAC, and the cold machine system, etc., and at the same time meet the battery power compensation power requirement for the battery to maintain the target SOC. The VCU calculates the actual power consumption Pcomsume of all power-consuming units in the high-voltage system in real time, and the battery power maintenance requirement power Psustain calculated by looking up the table according to the difference between the battery target SOC and the actual SOC. The calculation formulas for Pcomsume and Psustain are as follows: Pcomsume = Pdrive + Pdcdc + Pdcac + Pcooling + Petc, Psustain = func(SOCerr). The power generation power Papu required by the APU is the sum of the total power consumption of the whole vehicle and the battery power maintenance power, and the calculation formula is: Papu = Pcomsume + Psustain. The VCU sends Papu to the APU to execute power generation.
[0007] Further defined, when the whole vehicle is in the custom drive mode, it is judged whether the driver has a heating request. If not, the VCU controls the engine to start running, and the VCU controls the APU to generate power according to the custom power generation power input by the driver. If there is a heating request, the VCU will dynamically monitor the APU power generation power Puser required by the driver and the power generation power Pheating required for heating. If the power generation power required by the driver is different from the power generation power required for heating, then the instrument will pop up a window prompt, "Please make a comprehensive decision based on the power generation demand and heating demand to select the APU power generation power".
[0008] Further defined, when the whole vehicle is in the intelligent driving mode, it is judged whether the driver has a heating demand. If not, the VCU decides whether to control the engine to start and run according to the battery discharge capacity and the driving power demand. If so, the VCU controls the engine to start and run to provide a heating heat source for the passenger compartment. At the same time, the VCU corrects the power generation power of the APU for heating demand according to the reference ambient temperature. The VCU comprehensively calculates the required power generation power of the APU. The calculation formula is as follows: Pcomsume = Pdrive + Pdcdc + Pdcac + Pcooling + Petc, Psustain = func(SOCerr). The required power generation power Papu of the APU is the sum of the total power consumption of the whole vehicle and the battery power preservation power. The calculation formula is: Papu = Pcomsume + Psustain. The VCU sends Papu to the APU to execute power generation.
[0009] Further defined, the VCU dynamically compares the heating demand power and the custom power generation power. When the custom power generation power Puser is lower than the heating demand power Pheating, that is, Puser < Pheating, after the VCU issues a prompt to let the instrument pop up a prompt, the VCU will execute APU power generation according to the heating demand power Pheating. When the custom power generation power Puser is not lower than the heating demand power Pheating, that is, Puser ≥ Pheating, the VCU will execute APU power generation according to the custom power generation power Puser selected by the driver, that is, Papu = max(Puser, Pheating).
[0010] Further defined, in the pure electric driving mode, since the APU discharge is only used for heating, the VCU only needs to consider controlling the APU to operate at what power generation power at different ambient temperatures. The power generation operation of the APU only needs to consider how to better meet the heating demand of the driver. The VCU will dynamically decide and correct the power generation power of the APU requested during heating according to the ambient temperature.
[0011] Further defined, the correction method of the VCU is to establish an ambient temperature correction function. The lower the ambient temperature, the larger the correction coefficient. The higher the ambient temperature, the smaller the correction coefficient. The correction coefficient range is 0 - 1. The corrected heating demand power Pheating = Pheatinraw × f.
[0012] The beneficial effects of adopting the above technical solutions are: Targeted analysis and design are carried out for different working conditions and driving modes during the heating of the passenger compartment. Different control strategies are designed for three different driving modes and different working conditions respectively. On the premise of meeting the basic driving control, the heating demand of the passenger compartment is satisfied at the same time, and the risk of energy out-of-control in extreme working conditions of the whole vehicle can be avoided, ensuring the user's vehicle use safety and the vehicle use experience. After the battery SOC and discharge capacity are lower than the threshold value, the energy management strategy can comprehensively consider to ensure that the state of charge of the battery is higher than the set value, fundamentally avoiding the situation that may affect the battery life and driving safety of pure electric vehicles in extreme working conditions. Description of the Drawings
[0013] Figure 1 It is the overall control strategy flowchart of the present invention; Figure 2 It is the energy management control strategy flowchart of the pure electric drive mode of the present invention; Figure 3 It is the energy management control strategy flowchart of the custom drive mode of the present invention; Figure 4 It is the energy management control strategy flowchart of the intelligent drive mode of the present invention; Figure 5 It is the correction coefficient calculation flowchart of the present invention. Detailed Embodiment
[0014] The following is a detailed description of the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings through the description of the embodiments, aiming to help those skilled in the art have a more complete, accurate and in-depth understanding of the concept and technical solution of the present invention and contribute to its implementation.
[0015] The present invention is an energy management strategy for new energy vehicles. Targeted analysis and design are carried out for different working conditions and driving modes during the heating of the passenger compartment. On the premise of meeting the basic driving control, the heating demand of the passenger compartment is satisfied at the same time, and the risk of energy out-of-control in extreme working conditions of the whole vehicle can be avoided, ensuring the user's vehicle use safety and the vehicle use experience.
[0016] As Figures 1-5 shown, an energy management strategy for new energy vehicles includes three driving modes: pure electric drive, custom drive and intelligent drive. The three driving modes all include non-heating working condition energy management control and heating working condition energy management control. At the same time, the battery conducts charge and discharge power control, and the APU conducts start-stop power generation control; When the whole vehicle is in the pure electric drive mode, if the driver turns on the heating demand, the VCU will control the APU to start running, and the start and operation of the APU are solely for providing heating heat source for the passenger compartment. The VCU corrects the power generation power of the APU according to the reference ambient temperature. As the driving mileage increases, the power of the power battery will gradually decrease, and the discharge capacity of the battery will also gradually decrease. The battery discharging to supply power to the drive end will cause the dynamic performance of the whole vehicle to gradually decrease. When the battery discharge capacity is lower than the rated power of the motor, the VCU will control the APU to exit the pure heating power generation condition and instead enter the energy management control that takes into account the dynamic performance of the whole vehicle. When the battery discharge capacity is lower than the rated power of the motor, the power generation power of the APU needs to simultaneously meet the power consumption requirements of the electric drive system, DCDC, DCAC, and the cold machine system, etc., and at the same time needs to meet the battery replenishment power demand for the battery to maintain at the target SOC. The VCU calculates the actual power consumption Pcomsume of all power-consuming units in the high-voltage system in real time, and the battery power maintenance demand power Psustain obtained by looking up the table according to the difference between the battery target SOC and the actual SOC. The calculation formulas for Pcomsume and Psustain are as follows: Pcomsume = Pdrive + Pdcdc + Pdcac + Pcooling + Petc, Psustain = func(SOCerr). The power generation power Papu required by the APU is the sum of the total power consumption of the whole vehicle and the battery power maintenance power, and the calculation formula is Papu = Pcomsume + Psustain. The VCU sends Papu to the APU to execute power generation.
[0017] In the pure electric drive mode, since the APU discharge is solely for heating, the VCU only needs to consider controlling the APU to operate at what power generation power at different ambient temperatures. The power generation operation of the APU only needs to consider how to better meet the heating demand of the driver. The VCU will dynamically decide and correct the APU power generation power requested during heating according to the ambient temperature. The correction method of the VCU is to establish an ambient temperature correction function. The lower the ambient temperature, the larger the correction coefficient; the higher the ambient temperature, the smaller the correction coefficient. The correction coefficient ranges from 0 to 1. The corrected heating demand power Pheating = Pheatinraw × f. To prevent the driver from accidentally triggering the heating request after the VCU controls the APU to start according to the energy management strategy, which may affect the energy management control and the operation economy of the whole vehicle, so when the ambient temperature is high, except for the spring and autumn temperature ranges, the correction coefficient is set to 0. The ambient temperature is obtained by referring to the detection values of the temperature sensors carried by the components on the vehicle, and it is necessary to consider which component's temperature detection value can better reflect the real ambient temperature under different working conditions; When the vehicle is in a custom driving mode, it is determined whether the driver has a heating request. If not, the VCU controls the engine to start and run. The VCU controls the APU power generation according to the custom power generation input by the driver. If there is a heating request, the VCU will dynamically monitor the APU power generation power Puser required by the driver and the power generation power Pheating required for heating. If the power generation power required by the driver is different from the power generation power required for heating, the instrument will pop up a window prompt, "Please select the APU power generation power based on the comprehensive decision of power generation demand and heating demand". The VCU dynamically compares the heating demand power and the custom power generation power. When the custom power generation power Puser is lower than the heating demand power Pheating, that is, Puser<Pheating, the VCU will issue a prompt to let the instrument pop up a window prompt, and the VCU will execute APU power generation according to the heating demand power Pheating. When the custom power generation power Puser is not lower than the heating demand power Pheating, that is, Puser≥Pheating, the VCU will execute APU power generation according to the custom power generation power Puser selected by the driver, that is, Papu=max(Puser, Pheating); When the vehicle is in intelligent driving mode, it determines whether the driver has heating needs. If not, the VCU decides whether to control the engine to start running according to the battery discharge capacity and driving power requirements. If yes, the VCU controls the engine to start running to provide a heating heat source for the passenger compartment. At the same time, the VCU corrects the APU operating power generation required for heating according to the reference ambient temperature. The VCU comprehensively calculates the required APU power generation, and the calculation formula is: Pcomsume=Pdrive+Pdcdc+Pdcac+Pcooling+Petc,Psustain=func(SOCerr) The power generation power Papu required by the APU is the sum of the total power consumption of the whole vehicle and the battery power maintenance power. The calculation formula is: Papu= Pcomsume+ Psustain. The VCU sends Papu to the APU to execute power generation. The calculation method is the same as the calculation method in the pure electric drive mode. When the whole vehicle is in intelligent mode and heating, the VCU will execute the intelligent mode energy management strategy and control the APU power generation power according to the preset discharge ratio of electricity and oil.
[0018] The present invention is described above by way of example in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the specific implementation of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned method. As long as various non-substantial improvements are made using the method concept and technical solution of the present invention; or the above-mentioned concept and technical solution of the present invention are directly applied to other occasions without improvement, they are all within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims
1. A new energy vehicle energy management strategy, characterized by: It includes three driving modes: pure electric driving, custom driving and intelligent driving. The three driving modes all include non-heating condition energy management control and heating condition energy management control. At the same time, the battery performs charging and discharging power control, and the APU performs start-stop power generation control.
2. The energy management strategy for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the vehicle is in pure electric drive mode, the driver turns on the heating demand, then the VCU will control the APU to start running and the APU startup operation is purely to provide a heating heat source for the passenger compartment. The VCU corrects the APU operating power generation power according to the reference ambient temperature. As the mileage increases, the power of the power battery will gradually decrease, and the battery discharge capacity will also gradually decrease. The battery discharge to power the drive end will cause the vehicle's power to gradually decrease. When the battery discharge capacity is lower than the rated power of the motor, the VCU will control the APU to exit the pure heating and power generation condition and enter the energy management control that takes into account the power of the vehicle. When the battery discharge capacity is lower than the rated power of the motor, the APU's power generation power needs to meet the needs of the electric drive system, DCDC, DCAC and refrigeration at the same time. The power demand of the system, etc., and the battery replenishment power demand of the battery to maintain the target SOC must be met. The VCU calculates the actual power consumption Pcomsume of all power-consuming units of the high-voltage system in real time, and the battery power maintenance demand power Psustain, Pcomsume and Psustain calculated by table lookup based on the difference between the battery target SOC and the actual SOC. The calculation formula is as follows: Pcomsume=Pdrive+Pdcdc+Pdcac+Pcooling+Petc, Psustain=func(SOCerr), and the power generation power Papu required by the APU is the sum of the total power consumption of the vehicle and the battery maintenance power. The calculation formula is: Papu= Pcomsume+ Psustain, and the VCU sends Papu to the APU for power generation.
3. The energy management strategy for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the vehicle is in a custom driving mode, it determines whether the driver has a heating request. If not, the VCU controls the engine to start and run. The VCU controls the APU power generation according to the custom power generation input by the driver. If there is a heating request, the VCU will dynamically monitor the APU power generation power Puser required by the driver and the power generation power Pheating required for heating. If the power generation power required by the driver is different from the power generation power required for heating, the instrument will pop up a window prompting, "Please select the APU power generation power based on the comprehensive decision of power generation demand and heating demand." 4. The energy management strategy for new energy vehicles according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the vehicle is in intelligent driving mode, it determines whether the driver has a heating demand. If not, the VCU decides whether to control the engine to start and run according to the battery discharge capacity and the driving power demand. If so, the VCU controls the engine to start and run to provide a heating heat source for the passenger compartment. At the same time, the VCU corrects the APU operating power generation power for heating demand according to the reference ambient temperature. The VCU calculates the required APU power generation power in a coordinated manner. The calculation formula is as follows: Pcomsume=Pdrive+Pdcdc+Pdcac+Pcooling+Petc, Psustain=func(SOCerr). The power generation power Papu required by the APU is the sum of the total power consumption of the vehicle and the battery power maintenance power. The calculation formula is: Papu= Pcomsume+ Psustain. The VCU sends Papu to the APU for power generation.
5. The energy management strategy for new energy vehicles according to claim 3 is characterized by: VCU dynamically compares the heating demand power and the custom power generation power. When the custom power generation power Puser is lower than the heating demand power Pheating, that is, Puser<Pheating, VCU will issue a prompt to the instrument to pop up a window prompt. VCU will execute APU power generation according to the heating demand power Pheating. When the custom power generation power Puser is not lower than the heating demand power Pheating, that is, Puser≥Pheating, VCU will execute APU power generation according to the custom power generation power Puser selected by the driver, that is, Papu=max(Puser, Pheating).
6. The energy management strategy for new energy vehicles according to claim 2 is characterized by: In pure electric drive mode, since the APU discharge is only used for heating, the VCU only needs to consider how much power the APU should generate at different ambient temperatures. The APU's power generation operation only needs to consider how to better meet the driver's heating needs. The VCU will dynamically decide and correct the APU power generation requested during heating based on the ambient temperature.
7. The energy management strategy for new energy vehicles according to claim 6 is characterized by: The correction method of VCU is to establish an ambient temperature correction function. The lower the ambient temperature, the greater the correction coefficient, and the higher the ambient temperature, the smaller the correction coefficient. The correction coefficient range is 0-1. The corrected heating demand power Pheating = Pheatinraw × f.