Seawater micro-electricity utilization device

Abstract

The invention relates to a seawater micro-electricity utilization device, in particular to a micro-electricity utilization technology in the field of new energy and utilization of ion electric energy in seawater. The generated electric energy does not have a chemical reaction process, and the source of the generated electric energy is fundamentally different from the source of the electric energy generated by a traditional electrolyte battery. The principle of the method is the utilization of a non-equilibrium field contact potential effect generated by Fermi level aggregation and superposition and an indirect electric potential effect of substances with different Fermi levels. According to the method, two polar plates which are made of conductive materials which do not chemically react with seawater and have different mass, mass and total area are placed in the seawater, and sustainable micro-electric energy can be generated according to the principle. In actual operation, an electric conduction control medium (a medium which has conductivity and controls voltage and limits conductivity under certain conditions) is arranged on one polar plate, so that relatively independent units are formed among the polar plates in the same water area, and practical utilization can be better met.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of new energy and micro-power utilization technology. Background Art

[0002] In the oceans on our planet, there is inexhaustible electrical energy existing in the form of ions, but it has not been effectively utilized by humans. In the era when humans enter the era of clean energy, the utilization of clean and safe ocean electrical energy is particularly important.

[0003] The existence of ionic electrical energy in the ocean has been effectively utilized by some marine animals (including freshwater animals, and there is also a large amount of ionic electrical energy in natural fresh water), giving them a competitive advantage in survival and development. In the long history of biological evolution, they have been able to survive well. Humans will also make full use of the electrical energy of the ocean in the near future and develop and survive safely and harmoniously in the natural world of this planet. The present invention only provides a way to utilize ocean ionic electrical energy; if it can play an enlightening role in the wide application of humans' utilization of ocean ionic electrical energy, it will be the luck of its mission. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The "seawater micro-power utilization device" of the present invention is the utilization of the ionic electrical energy existing in seawater. The electrical energy generated does not involve a chemical reaction process, which is fundamentally different from the electrical energy source generated by traditional electrolyte batteries. Its electrical energy source is essentially to make the charges carried by the positive and negative ions mixed chaotically in seawater conduct orderly in the directions of two plates with electrodes, thereby generating electric potential energy.

[0005] The principle of generating electric potential energy can be regarded as having two types. One is the utilization of the non-equilibrium field contact potential effect generated by the aggregation and superposition of Fermi levels when there are differences in mass and total area between conductors of the same substance ("non-equilibrium field contact potential utilization device" and the present invention submit patent applications simultaneously); the other is the utilization of the contact potential effect between conductor substances with different Fermi levels.

[0006] The two principles are respectively manifested as follows: One is that when there is a non-equilibrium field between two conductor plates of the same substance with different non-uniformities, when it exists in seawater, an electromotive force will exist for the positive and negative charges of the positive and negative ions to conduct in the directions of the two plates respectively. The other is that when seawater is used as one plate, an electromotive force is generated due to the contact potential existing between it and another conductor plate existing in seawater.

[0007] Although the two principle methods are different, their essence is the result of the positive and negative charges carried by ions forming an electromotive force under the field effect. Therefore, in actual utilization, it is very difficult to strictly distinguish them.

[0008] Since the sea water in the same water area is an integral whole, it behaves as an integral conductor. Therefore, in actual operation, there is only one set of power sources in one water area. For multiple plates in the same water area, it is very difficult to achieve effective series or parallel connections. Here, a component plate set with the auxiliary effect of a medium (hereinafter referred to as the conductance control medium, see the notes for details) that has electrical conductivity under certain conditions and can control voltage and limit conductivity is used to solve this problem. The method is to set the conductance control medium on both sides of the plate to generate a conductance control effect, making it have limited conduction with the sea water, thus forming a relatively independent plate - the component plate (the other bare plate that forms the other pole in a set of power sources with it is called the sea water plate. When using the sea water as the other pole of the plate, the probe - type sea water wire used as the sea water wire is called the sea water probe). In the same water area, for multiple component plates, each component plate and the sea water plate or the sea water probe will form a relatively independent power source group unit. But in essence, their circuit endpoints are all the same water area. This is similar to the power connection method of one line and one ground (the earth) in single - phase alternating current.

[0009] Connecting the wires of more than one component plate to each other and corresponding to a sea water plate or a sea water probe as the other pole of the plate, that is, the other pole of the power source, forms an incomplete parallel - like connection, obtaining electric energy higher than that formed by an independent component plate.

[0010] The actual structure of the component plate is to set the conductance control medium on both sides of the plate, make waterproof treatment with conductive rubber, and tightly clamp and combine them with an instrument, which is the basic structural form of the component plate.

[0011] The sea water plate is a bare plate without additional substances except for the pre - installed wire, and the sea water probe is a section of needle - type wire.

[0012] In summary, in essence, theoretically, the technology of the present invention can be extended and applied to all natural water areas and qualified land. Specific implementation method

[0014] The "sea water micro - electricity utilization device" utilizes the ionic electric energy in sea water, so the specific implementation is simple.

[0015] The whole device consists of two parts. One part is the component plate composed of a plate, a conductance control medium, and waterproof conductive rubber; the other part is a bare plate without any additional substances.

[0016] I. Fabrication of the component plate

[0017] The component plate consists of a conductive substance plate that does not chemically react with sea water, a conductance control medium, waterproof conductive rubber, and a clamp for tightly contacting the plate, the conductance control medium, and the conductive rubber.

[0018] 1. Material criteria

[0019] ① Make the plate out of a sheet-like material that does not chemically react with seawater, according to the required design specifications, pre-install a wire on it, and you're done.

[0020] ② The sheet-like conductive control material is made larger than the plate and can completely cover the plate. Two sheets of the same shape are completed.

[0021] ③ The conductive rubber is made into two identical pieces with the same shape as the conductivity control medium, but with a slightly larger specification (the two rubber sheets should be glued together at the edges with universal glue), and the process is completed.

[0022] ④ Clamping equipment: Two pieces of high-strength mesh plastic slightly larger than the plate area, a pair of pressure strips, and two spare nylon ties.

[0023] 2. Assembly

[0024] First, sandwich the plate between two conductive control media so that they completely cover the plate to prevent short circuits. After the plate is covered with the conductive control media, place it in the middle of the conductive rubber with all-purpose glue applied to the edge. The two conductive rubbers are bonded and sealed, and then the bonding seams of the two rubber plates are sealed with hot melt adhesive to prevent water seepage. After that, place the mesh plate in the middle of its two sides, place the pressure strips on the two mesh plates, and tighten the two ends with nylon ties to achieve full bonding between the plate, conductive control medium, and conductive rubber to achieve the best conduction state. The assembly plate is completed.

[0025] 2. Bare Plate and Seawater Conductor Production

[0026] A plate made of a sheet of conductive material that is the same as the plate in the component or does not chemically react with seawater, and has different specifications in quality, mass, and total area from the plate in the component, with a pre-set conductor, and the bare plate is completed. A probe-shaped wire rod made of the same conductive material as the above material, and the seawater conductor is completed.

[0027] 3. Final completion

[0028] Place the completed component plates and bare plates or seawater conductors into seawater (ordinary tap water is also acceptable for experiments), and the "seawater micro-electricity utilization device" is completed.

[0029] The completed "seawater micro-electricity utilization device" power pack unit usually consists of a bare plate - the seawater plate is electrically positive, and a seawater conductor - the seawater probe is electrically positive.

[0030] The entire specific implementation is completed.

[0031] Note: Conductivity-controlled dielectric materials include sodium alginate, A4 paper, facial tissue, emery cloth with conductivity-controlled properties, cloth with conductivity-controlled properties, and other non-professional items.

[0032] Specific implementation examples

[0033] Example A:

[0034] In this example, the "seawater micro-power utilization device" uses graphite as the electrode plate and sodium alginate as the conductivity control medium. The colloidal sodium alginate dissolved in water is applied to both sides of the graphite electrode plate and dried before assembly.

[0035] I. Fabrication of component electrode plates and seawater electrode plates

[0036] 1. Components

[0037] ① Graphite electrode plate: 125mm×100mm×0.05mm, 1 piece

[0038] ② Sodium alginate conductivity control medium, with an average thickness of 0.13mm on the dried graphite electrode plate and extending about 1.5mm wide around the graphite electrode plate.

[0039] ③ Conductive rubber plate: 155mm×130mm×2.0mm, 2 pieces

[0040] ④ Graphite wire: 90mm×15mm×0.08mm, 1 section

[0041] The wire is pasted on one side of the graphite strip with insulating tape to increase the strength of the wire. Before applying the sodium alginate glue to the graphite electrode plate, it is pasted on it with tape (the same for all graphite wires).

[0042] ⑤ Clamping device

[0043] Resin rod, 120mm long, 6mm in diameter, 12 pieces

[0044] Hard plastic high-strength square tube, 160mm long×28mm wide×22mm high, 2 pieces

[0045] Nylon cable tie, 260mm long, 2 pieces

[0046] ⑥ Seawater electrode plate (bare electrode plate)

[0047] Graphite electrode plate, 250mm×200mm×1.0mm, 1 piece

[0048] Graphite wire, 90mm×15mm×0.08mm, 1 section

[0049] 2. Assembly

[0050] Prepare the electrode plate with sodium alginate medium after smearing and drying. Apply about 10 mm wide all-purpose glue around the two pieces of conductive rubber, place the electrode plate at the center, then bond the two pieces of conductive rubber and press them firmly together. After it is completely bonded, use hot melt adhesive to coat the bonding seam of the two pieces of rubber to prevent water seepage. The waterproofing of the entire electrode plate is completed. After that, on both sides of the conductive rubber, fix 6 resin rods evenly at the positions with the same area as the graphite electrode plate at the center with hot melt adhesive, then fix the hard plastic square tube on it and tie it tightly at both ends with nylon straps to achieve good contact and conduction between the conductive rubber and sodium alginate. The assembly of the entire electrode plate is completed.

[0051] Paste the graphite wire on the graphite electrode plate with insulating tape, and the seawater electrode plate is completed.

[0052] II. Preparation of the experimental water area

[0053] 1. Plastic water tank: 400 mm × 200 mm × 190 mm, 1 piece.

[0054] 2. Seawater: 12,600 ml, pour it into the water tank, and the water depth is 140 mm.

[0055] Note: The seawater is purchased online and produced from the seaside of Xingcheng City, Liaoning Province.

[0056] III. Final completion and testing

[0057] 1. Self-test of the component electrode plate

[0058] Measure the graphite electrode plate and the waterproof conductive rubber:

[0059] Voltage: 2.6 mV, the graphite electrode plate shows a positive electric property, and the waterproof conductive rubber shows a negative electric property.

[0060] Measure the resistance with the 60 m range of the multimeter: 0.03 mΩ (megaohm),

[0061] Measure the resistance with the 6 m range of the multimeter: 0.018 mΩ (megaohm),

[0062] Measure the resistance with the 600 k range of the multimeter: 16.2 kΩ (kiloohm).

[0063] Note: Before putting it into water, connect the graphite electrode plate and the waterproof conductive rubber to release the residual electricity of the measured resistance.

[0064] 2. Power energy test of the power supply

[0065] Place the component electrode plate and the seawater electrode plate in the small water area of the prepared plastic box. The "seawater micro-power utilization device" composed of two electrode plates and seawater is finally completed.

[0066] Measure by connecting the wires of the two electrode plates of the power supply unit.

[0067] The initial voltage is 226.0 mV and the current is 3.38 μA.

[0068] The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge, and then it is placed for short-circuit discharge. That is, the seawater electrode plate is directly connected to the component electrode plate for short-circuit discharge placement, and the same applies hereinafter.

[0069] After 18 hours of short-circuit discharge, the measurement shows:

[0070] The voltage is 40.2 mV and the current is 1.26 μA

[0071] The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it for short-circuit discharge. After a total of 1488 hours (that is, starting from the short-circuit discharge after the initial measurement, and the same hereinafter) of short-circuit discharge, the measurement shows: the voltage is 23.1 mV and the current is 0.90 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0072] Note: In the following examples, it is carried out in the same water tank as Example A. The seawater electrode plates share the same one in the same water area.

[0073] The immersed area of the seawater electrode plate is 250 mm × 140 mm,

[0074] The immersed area of the component electrode plate is 130 mm × 140 mm,

[0075] The same applies to the whole example, so it will not be described separately.

[0076] Example B

[0077] The descriptions of the same parts between this example and Example A are omitted, and the different parts are described.

[0078] In the component electrode plate of this example, sodium alginate medium is smeared on both sides of the graphite electrode plate and dried, with an average thickness of 0.14 mm.

[0079] Final completion and testing:

[0080] Self-test of the component electrode plate, voltage: none

[0081] Measuring the resistance with a multimeter at the 60 m range: 0.07 mΩ (megaohm),

[0082] Measuring the resistance with a multimeter at the 6 m range: 0.068 mΩ (megaohm).

[0083] Power supply power test

[0084] The initial voltage is 277 mV and the current is 3.89 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0085] Measured after 43 hours of short-circuit discharge: the voltage is 54.4 mV and the current is 0.82 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it under short-circuit discharge.

[0086] Measured after a total of 1488 hours of short-circuit discharge: the voltage is 31.9 mV and the current is 0.35 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it under short-circuit discharge.

[0087] Example C

[0088] The descriptions of the similarities between this example and Example A are omitted, and the differences are described.

[0089] In the component electrode plate of this example, the sodium alginate medium dried after being smeared on both sides of the graphite electrode plate has an average thickness of 0.13 mm.

[0090] Final completion and testing:

[0091] Self-test of the component electrode plate, voltage: none

[0092] Measuring resistance with a multimeter at the 60 m range: 0.01 mΩ (megaohm),

[0093] Measuring resistance with a multimeter at the 6 m range: 0.011 mΩ (megaohm).

[0094] Power energy test

[0095] The initial voltage is 133.3 mV, the current is 2.39 μA, the seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue short-circuit discharge.

[0096] Measured after 42 hours of short-circuit discharge: the voltage is 78.6 mV and the current is 1.40 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it under short-circuit discharge.

[0097] Measured after a total of 1488 hours of short-circuit discharge: the voltage is 40.6 mV and the current is 0.36 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it under short-circuit discharge.

[0098] Example D

[0099] In this example, paper towels are used as the conductivity control medium.

[0100] The descriptions of the similarities between this example and Example A are omitted, and the differences are described.

[0101] The paper towel conductivity control medium in this example is 130 mm × 110 mm × 0.045 mm, 2 pieces.

[0102] Note: Paper towel Jiduoduo - Pull-out paper towel, Baoding Jiduoduo Sanitary Products Co., Ltd.

[0103] Final completion and testing:

[0104] Module plate self-test

[0105] The voltage is 0.6mV, the graphite plate is electrically positive, and the waterproof conductive rubber is electrically negative.

[0106] The resistance measured by the multimeter at 60m is 0.09mΩ (megaohm).

[0107] The resistance measured by the multimeter at 6m position is 0.072mΩ (megaohm).

[0108] The resistance measured by the multimeter at 600k position is 65kΩ (kilo-ohm).

[0109] The resistance measured by the multimeter at 60k position is 58.05kΩ (kilo-ohm).

[0110] Power supply energy test

[0111] The initial voltage is 361.9mV, the current is 4.9μA, the seawater plate is positively charged, and the component plate is negatively charged. Short-circuit discharge and placement.

[0112] After 17 hours of short-circuit discharge, the voltage was 37.7mV and the current was 0.65μA. The seawater plate was positively charged and the component plate was negatively charged. Continue short-circuit discharge and place.

[0113] After a total of 1488 hours of short-circuit discharge, the voltage was 36.5mV and the current was 0.69μA. The seawater plate was positively charged and the component plate was negatively charged. Continue short-circuit discharge and place.

[0114] Example E

[0115] In this example, facial tissue is used as the conductivity control medium.

[0116] The similarities between this example and Example A are omitted, and the differences are recorded.

[0117] The conductivity control medium of the facial tissue in this example is 130mm×110mm×0.045mm, 2 sheets.

[0118] Note: Facial tissue Jiduoduo - removable facial tissue, Baoding Jiduoduo Hygiene Products Co., Ltd.

[0119] Final completion and testing:

[0120] Module plate self-test

[0121] Voltage None.

[0122] Multimeter 60m gear measurement resistance: none,

[0123] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 6m range: None.

[0124] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 600k range: 8.0 kΩ (kiloohm).

[0125] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 60k range: 7.84 kΩ (kiloohm).

[0126] Power supply power test

[0127] The initial voltage is 126.7 mV, the current is 2.64 μA, the seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0128] After 22 hours of short-circuit discharge, measure: The voltage is 48.8 mV, and the current is 1.16 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0129] After a total of 1488 hours of short-circuit discharge, measure: The voltage is 38.1 mV, and the current is 0.46 μA. The seawater electrode plate shows a positive charge, and the component electrode plate shows a negative charge. Continue to place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0130] Example Ji

[0131] In this example, facial tissue is used as the conductivity control medium.

[0132] The descriptions of the similarities between this example and Example A are omitted, and the differences are described.

[0133] The facial tissue conductivity control medium in this example is 130 mm × 110 mm × 0.045 mm, 2 sheets.

[0134] Note: Facial tissue Jiduoduo - Pull-out facial tissue, Baoding Jiduoduo Sanitary Products Co., Ltd.

[0135] Final completion and testing:

[0136] Self-test of the component electrode plate

[0137] No voltage.

[0138] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 60m range: 0.01 mΩ (megaohm),

[0139] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 6m range: 0.011 mΩ (megaohm),

[0140] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 600k range: 11.5 kΩ (kiloohm).

[0141] Measuring resistance with the multimeter on the 60k range: 11.06 kΩ (kiloohm).

[0142] Power supply power test

[0143] The initial voltage is 167.5 mV, the current is 2.85 μA, the seawater electrode plate is positively charged, and the component electrode plate is negatively charged. Place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0144] After 40 hours of short-circuit discharge, the measurement shows: the voltage is 54.6 mV, and the current is 1.08 μA. The seawater electrode plate is positively charged, and the component electrode plate is negatively charged. Continue to place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0145] After a total of 1488 hours of short-circuit discharge, the measurement shows: the voltage is 41.0 mV, and the current is 0.86 μA. The seawater electrode plate is positively charged, and the component electrode plate is negatively charged. Continue to place it for short-circuit discharge.

[0146] Brief of seawater simulation example

[0147] Data of the experimental water area for seawater simulation: 13000 grams of simulated seawater, including 12545 grams of tap water and 455 grams of large green salt. The experimental water depth is 140 mm. A total of 250 mm × 200 mm × 1.0 mm seawater graphite electrode plates are used, and the immersed area is 250 mm × 140 mm.

[0148] Brief 1:

[0149] Specification data of the component electrode plate components:

[0150] Graphite electrode plate: 120 mm × 90 mm × 0.02 mm, with sodium alginate medium smeared on both sides dried, and waterproof conductive rubber: 155 mm × 120 mm × 2.0 mm. The immersed area of the component electrode plate is 120 mm × 140 mm.

[0151] After a total of 275 days (i.e., 6600 hours) of short-circuit discharge in the simulated seawater, the load measurement shows: the voltage is 3.4 mV, and the current is 0.33 μA. The seawater electrode plate is positively charged, and the component electrode plate is negatively charged.

[0152] Note: That is, use two multimeters to measure voltage and current simultaneously.

[0153] Brief 2:

[0154] Specification data of the component electrode plate components:

[0155] Graphite electrode plate: 125 mm × 100 mm × 0.1 mm, with sodium alginate medium smeared on both sides dried, and waterproof conductive rubber: 155 mm × 130 mm × 2.0 mm. The immersed area of the component electrode plate is 130 mm × 140 mm.

[0156] After a total of 275 days (i.e., 6600 hours) of short-circuit discharge in the simulated seawater, the load measurement shows: the voltage is 14.8 mV, and the current is 1.47 μA. The seawater electrode plate is positively charged, and the component electrode plate is negatively charged.

[0157] Brief 3:

[0158] Component plate member specification data:

[0159] Graphite plate: 85mm × 35mm × 0.08mm, sodium alginate sheet: 90mm × 40mm, conductive rubber: 120mm × 70mm × 2.0mm. The immersed area of the component plate is 70mm × 110mm.

[0160] After a total of 275 days (i.e., 6600 hours) of short - circuit discharge in simulated seawater, the load measurement shows: voltage is 1.2mV and current is 0.12μA.

Claims

1. A method for utilizing the ionic electric energy in seawater, which involves two electrode plates made of conductive substances that do not chemically react with seawater and have differences in quality, mass, and total area. Under the auxiliary action of a medium that has conductive properties under certain conditions and controls voltage and limits conductivity, namely a conductance control medium, electric energy is generated by placing two electrode plates with differences in quality, mass, and total area in seawater.