Application of Soybean GmWRKY75 Gene in Improving Agronomic Traits of Soybean

Abstract

This application relates to the application of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in improving soybean agronomic traits. In particular, the present invention relates to the application of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in increasing the yield per plant or the number of grains per plant of soybeans and / or in the genetic breeding for improving the plant type of soybeans; the application of a recombinant vector and a genetically engineered strain containing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in increasing the yield per plant or the number of grains per plant of soybeans and / or in the genetic breeding for improving the plant type of soybeans; a method for increasing the yield per plant or the number of grains per plant of soybeans and / or for genetic breeding to improve the plant type of soybeans by overexpressing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, etc. The cloning of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene and the discovery of its new functions provide new gene targets and resources for the genetic breeding to improve the plant type of soybeans.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of genetic engineering, and particularly relates to the application of soybean GmWRKY75 gene in improving soybean agronomic traits, especially the application of soybean WRKY75 gene in regulating soybean plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, number of seeds per plant, and yield per plant. Background Art

[0002] Soybean ( Glycine max ) as an important oilseed and protein crop globally, improving its yield and plant type is the core goal of breeding research. Traits such as plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, and yield per plant directly affect the density tolerance, lodging resistance, and light energy utilization efficiency of soybeans, and thus determine their adaptability and yield potential. For example, excessive plant height is prone to lodging, limiting the potential of close planting; while an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem may increase the number of pods, but the resource allocation between vegetative and reproductive growth needs to be balanced. Traditional breeding methods rely on phenotypic selection and have low efficiency, while molecular design breeding can accelerate the process of plant type improvement by targeting key genes. Therefore, exploring key transcription factors that regulate plant type and yield and analyzing their molecular mechanisms have become an important direction in soybean breeding.

[0003] WRKY transcription factors are a family of plant-specific regulatory factors. Their core structure is a conserved WRKYGQK motif at the N-terminus and a zinc finger structure at the C-terminus, which can specifically bind to the W-box element (TTGAC(C / T)) in the promoter of target genes, thereby regulating the expression of downstream genes. Research shows that the WRKY family is widely involved in plant stress resistance (such as disease resistance, drought tolerance, low phosphorus tolerance) and development regulation (such as senescence, secondary metabolism). For example, OsWRKY45 in rice enhances disease resistance through the salicylic acid signaling pathway; GmWRKY6 and GmERF1 in soybean synergistically regulate root development and phosphorus uptake efficiency under low phosphorus stress, indirectly affecting plant biomass. During the growth process of plants, WRKY transcription factors not only participate in stress responses but also affect the final plant type of plants by regulating traits such as branching and plant height. In terms of regulating branching, Arabidopsis AtWRKY71 / EXB1 can control the initiation of axillary meristem (AM) by positively regulating RAX1 transcription, thereby increasing the number of branches of the plant, and AtWRKY71 / EXB1 can also affect the initiation of AM and the growth of new shoots by regulating the auxin pathway. In terms of regulating plant height, rice OsWRKY36 can affect the transduction of GA (gibberellin) signal by increasing SLR1 transcription, thereby dwarfing the plant. In addition, some WRKY transcription factors can also mediate plant dwarfing by reducing the production of BR (brassinosteroid) or inhibiting the expression of a series of genes involved in cell elongation.

[0004] These studies have shown that WRKY transcription factors play an important role in regulating plant architecture, but their specific functions in soybeans and the regulatory mechanisms for plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, and yield per plant still need further research. By analyzing the functions of WRKY transcription factors in soybeans, new molecular breeding strategies can be provided for improving soybean architecture and increasing yield. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To solve the technical problems in the background art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an application of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in improving soybean agronomic traits. In particular, an application of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in genetic breeding for increasing yield per plant or number of seeds per plant, and / or in improving soybean architecture (such as increasing soybean plant height and / or number of nodes on the main stem).

[0006] In one aspect, the present invention provides an application of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in genetic breeding for increasing yield per plant or number of seeds per plant in soybeans and / or in improving soybean architecture, characterized in that the soybean GmWRKY75 gene is overexpressed, wherein the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improvement in architecture is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

[0007] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides an application of a recombinant vector containing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in genetic breeding for increasing yield per plant or number of seeds per plant in soybeans and / or in improving soybean architecture, characterized in that the soybean GmWRKY75 gene is overexpressed in soybean plants, the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improvement in architecture is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

[0008] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides an application of a genetically engineered bacterium in genetic breeding for increasing yield per plant or number of seeds per plant in soybeans and / or in improving soybean architecture, characterized in that the genetically engineered bacterium contains a recombinant vector containing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, the soybean GmWRKY75 gene is overexpressed, the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improvement in architecture is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

[0009] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides a method for genetic breeding for increasing yield per plant or number of seeds per plant in soybeans and / or for improving soybean architecture, characterized in that the method includes: overexpressing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improvement in architecture is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

[0010] In another aspect, the present invention provides a method for obtaining a soybean plant with improved agronomic traits, characterized by comprising the following treatment steps:

[0011] (1) Infecting the cotyledon nodes of soybeans with a genetically engineered bacterium; and

[0012] (2) Culturing the infected callus into a soybean plant;

[0013] wherein the genetically engineered bacterium contains a recombinant vector carrying the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, overexpresses the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improved agronomic traits are an increase in the yield per plant, the number of seeds per plant, the number of nodes on the main stem, and / or the plant height of soybeans.

[0014] In one aspect, the cotyledon nodes of germinated soybean seeds are infected by the genetically engineered bacterium of the present invention.

[0015] In yet another aspect, the present invention provides the application of the soybean GmWRKY75 transcription factor in increasing the yield per plant or the number of seeds per plant of soybeans and / or in genetic breeding for improving the plant type of soybeans. The amino acid sequence of the soybean GmWRKY75 transcription factor is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improvement of the plant type is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in the plant height.

[0016] Preferably, the coding sequence of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene of the present invention is shown in SEQ ID NO: 1.

[0017] Preferably, the vector of the present invention is the pBA002-3xFlag vector.

[0018] Preferably, the genetically engineered bacterium of the present invention is preferably Agrobacterium. More preferably, the genetically engineered bacterium of the present invention is Agrobacterium EHA105.

[0019] The advantages of the present invention are as follows: By cloning the soybean GmWRKY75 gene involved in regulating the plant height, the number of nodes on the main stem, the number of pods per plant, the yield per plant, and / or the number of seeds per plant of soybeans in soybeans and overexpressing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, compared with wild-type plants, the plant height, the number of nodes on the main stem, the number of pods per plant, the yield per plant, and the number of seeds per plant of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene overexpression lines have all increased significantly. The cloning of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene and the discovery of its new function provide new gene targets and resources for genetic breeding for increasing soybean yield and improving plant type. Description of the Drawings

[0020] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram for the construction of the soybean GmWRKY75 overexpression vector.

[0021] Figure 2 showed the mature plants of wild type (W82) and GmWRKY75 overexpression lines (OE1, OE2, OE3) and the expression levels of GmWRKY75 gene in their seedling stage.

[0022] Figure 3 Were the phenotypic identifications of plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant and yield per plant for wild type (W82) and GmWRKY75 overexpression lines (OE1, OE2, OE3). Specific implementation manners

[0023] The following examples facilitate a better understanding of the present invention, but do not limit the present invention. The experimental methods in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified. The test materials used in the following examples are all obtained from conventional biochemical reagent manufacturers unless otherwise specified.

[0024] Example 1: Construction of recombinant plasmid

[0025] Using Primer1 (SEQ ID NO: 3) and Primer2 (SEQ ID NO: 4) as primers, and the root cDNA of wild type soybean Williams 82 (hereinafter abbreviated as W82 for uniformity) as a template, PCR amplification was carried out to obtain the coding sequence (CDS) fragment (removing the stop codon) of the target gene GmWRKY75. The following primers were designed:

[0026] Primer1: 5'-GAGAACACGGGGGACTCTAGATTGGTGTTGGGTTTGATTTCG-3' (SEQ ID NO:3);

[0027] Primer2: 5'-ATCTTTGTAATCCATCTCGAGGCAGAAGGGAGTGTATATTTGCATCT-3' (SEQID NO: 4).

[0028] The PCR amplification reaction was carried out in a Bio-Rad T100 PCR instrument. The reaction system (50 μL): 2×Hieff CanacePlus PCR Master Mix 25 μL, Primer1 (10 μM) 2 μL, Primer2 (10 μM) 2 μL, template cDNA (200 ng / μL) 1 μL, ddH2O 20 μL. The program was: pre-denaturation at 98°C for 3 min; denaturation at 98°C for 10 s, annealing at 60°C for 20 s, extension at 72°C for 30 s, for 35 cycles; extension at 72°C for 5 min; preservation at 25°C.

[0029] Digest the vector pBA002-3xFlag with the restriction endonucleases XbaI and XhoI. The digestion reaction system (50 μL): 5 μg of vector plasmid, 1 μL of Xba I, 1 μL of Xho I, 5 μL of 10xNEB Buffer, add ddH2O to 50 μL. After mixing, digest at 37 °C for 3 h.

[0030] After recovering and purifying the PCR amplification product and the digestion product of the pBA002 vector, use the recombinase to recombine the linearized vector and the PCR fragment. The reaction system (10 μL) is as follows: 5 μL of 2x MultiF Seamless Assembly Mix, 2 μL of linearized vector, 1 μL of PCR fragment, add ddH2O to 10 μL. React at 50 °C in a metal bath for 30 min and then place on ice.

[0031] Transform the above recombination product into competent Escherichia coli DH5α cells. After overnight culture at 37 °C, perform colony PCR identification using Primer1 and Primer3 as primers, and select positive monoclonal colonies for sequencing.

[0032] Primer Primer3 is: 5'-CGATCGGGGAAATTCGAGCTC-3' (SEQ ID NO: 5)

[0033] The above primer Primer1 (SEQ ID NO: 3) binds to the start of the CDS sequence of the GmWRKY75 gene, and Primer3 (SEQ ID NO: 5) is located in the pBA002-3xFlag vector sequence.

[0034] The sequencing results show that the GmWRKY75 gene fragment obtained by the PCR reaction has the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, which encodes a protein composed of 188 amino acid residues (SEQ ID NO: 2). The obtained recombinant vector is named pBA002-GmWRKY75-3xFlag (as Figure 1 )

[0035] GmWRKY75 gene fragment (SEQ ID NO: 1)

[0036] ATGGAGAATTATTCCATGTTGTTCTCTGTTTCCAATTCCTCAAGCTACCCAATTGGAGTTGGAAGCTCTCAAATTGGTTATAGTGGTCAAAGCTCCAATGCGTTTCTTGGTCTAAGGCCTAGTAATGAATTAGCTAGTGATGATCATGAGAAGAGACAAGGTGGTGGTGATGGCAATATGTTAATGTCTCAGATCAGTGGTGGTAGCATTAATGTGAGTGATGAGTTAGGTGGTTCGGGAAATAGTAACAATAATAAAAAGAAAGGAGAGAAAAAGGTTAGAAAGCCTAGATATGCTTTTCAAACAAGGAGCCAGGTTGATATTCTTGATGATGGTTACCGATGGAGGAAGTATGGCCAAAAAGCTGTTAAAAACAACAAATTTCCAAGGAGCTACTACAGGTGCACGCATCAAGGGTGCAATGTGAAGAAGCAAGTGCAACGCTTAACCAAAGACGAAGGAGTAGTGGTAACCACTTATGAGGGAGTGCACACACACCCAATTGAGAAGACAACAGATAACTTTGAGCACATTTTGAGTCAGATGCAAATATACACTCCCTTCTGA

[0037] The amino acid sequence (SEQ ID NO: 2) encoded by the GmWRKY75 gene fragment of SEQ ID NO: 1

[0038] MENYSMLFSVSNSSSYPIGVGSSQIGYSGQSSNAFLGLRPSNELASDDHEKRQGGGDGNMLMSQISGGSINVSDELGGSGNSNNNKKKGEKKVRKPRYAFQTRSQVDILDDGYRWRKYGQKAVKNNKFPRSYYRCTHQGCNVKKQVQRLTKDEGVVVTTYEGVHTHPIEKTTDNFEHILSQMQIYTPF

[0039] Example 2: Obtaining and identification of transgenic plants overexpressing soybean gene GmWRKY75

[0040] In this example, the genetic transformation method mediated by Agrobacterium EHA105 was used to transfer the overexpression vector of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene constructed in Example 1 into the cotyledon nodes of soybeans, obtaining overexpression plants of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene. The specific steps are as follows:

[0041] I. Obtaining recombinant Agrobacterium

[0042] Mix the pBA002-GmWRKY75-3xFlag plasmid with the competent cells of Agrobacterium EHA105, incubate on ice for 5 min, and transform pBA002-GmWRKY75-3xFlag into the competent cells of Agrobacterium EHA105 by electroporation (1500 V, 5 ms) to obtain a recombinant strain. The recombinant strain with correct colony PCR identification was named EHA-pBA002-GmWRKY75-3xFlag.

[0043] II. Obtaining transgenic plants

[0044] The germination medium, YEP medium, co-culture medium, recovery solid medium, screening medium, elongation solid medium, and rooting medium in this step are all commercially available conventional media.

[0045] The specific method is as follows:

[0046] (1) Induction

[0047] Select healthy and mature soybean seeds, use the chlorine gas disinfection method (add 5 mL of concentrated hydrochloric acid to 100 mL of sodium hypochlorite (8% effective concentration)), and continuously sterilize for 16 - 20 h. This experimental process is carried out in a fume hood. After sterilization, blow the seeds in a laminar flow hood for 24 h to disperse the residual chlorine gas, seal the culture dish containing the sterilized soybeans, and store at 4 °C for later use.

[0048] (2) Pre-culture: Inoculate the sterilized seeds with the hilum facing down on the germination medium, and place them in an incubator at 25 °C for dark culture for 1 day.

[0049] (3) Preparation of Agrobacterium liquid

[0050] Spread the Agrobacterium EHA-pBA002-GmWRKY75-3xFlag carrying the plasmid with the target gene on the YEP medium for primary activation. After culturing for 48 h, collect the bacteria and activate them again on a new medium. After culturing for 24 h, collect the bacteria into the infection solution, vortex and mix well, and adjust the OD of the bacterial solution to 0.5 with a spectrophotometer for later use.

[0051] (4) Infection

[0052] The germinated soybeans are cut in half with a surgical blade into two cotyledons, and the excess hypocotyl part is removed at 3-4 mm from the hypocotyl. The hypocotyl cotyledon node is gently scratched 5-7 times with a blade. After the scratching treatment, the prepared bacterial solution is poured in and the infection lasts for 30 minutes. The infection solution is discarded, and then the explants are placed on the co-culture medium lined with filter paper and co-cultured in the dark at 25 °C for 3-5 days.

[0053] (5) Recovery culture

[0054] Select the explants with good growth and no contamination after co-culture, cut off the end of the hypocotyl, insert them onto the recovery solid medium, and conduct recovery culture for 7-10 days.

[0055] (6) Screening culture

[0056] The explants with clustered buds after recovery culture are inoculated onto the screening medium and cultured under 16 h / 8 h light / dark conditions for 21 days.

[0057] (7) Elongation culture

[0058] The well-grown clustered buds after screening are transferred to a new elongation medium and cultured under 16 h / 8 h light / dark conditions for 21 days.

[0059] (8) Rooting culture

[0060] When the young buds grow to about 5 cm, they are transferred to the rooting medium for further screening and cultured under 16 h / 8 h light / dark conditions for 21 days.

[0061] (9) Acclimatization

[0062] The seedlings are removed from the medium, the medium attached to the roots of the seedlings is washed clean, and the seedlings are transplanted into a seedling tray filled with nutrient soil. They are cultured at 27 °C under 16 h / 8 h light / dark conditions for 3-4 weeks to obtain T0 plants.

[0063] III. Identification of transgenic plants

[0064] 1. Identification of GmWRKY75 overexpressing plants

[0065] (1) PCR molecular identification

[0066] The genomic DNA of the T0 generation plants obtained in step 2 is extracted as a template for PCR amplification. The PCR primers are Primer1 (SEQ ID NO: 3) and Primer3 (SEQ ID NO: 5) in Example 1. The PCR products are detected by 1% agarose gel electrophoresis. The target band can be detected in the positive plants, and the band size is about 700 bp, while it cannot be detected in the negative plants.

[0067] (2) Identification of Bar test strips

[0068] Take about 0.5 - 1 cm of the newly grown leaves of the T0 generation plants and put them into a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube. Use a grinding rod to crush the leaves, add 200 μL of extraction solution and stir evenly. Insert the rapid detection test strip into the mixture according to the marked direction. Observe the results after 5 minutes. If the test band and the quality control band appear, it is positive; if only the quality control band appears, it is negative. 2 Take about 0.5 - 1 cm of the newly grown leaves of the T0 generation plants and put them into a 1.5 mL centrifuge tube. Use a grinding rod to crush the leaves, add 200 μL of extraction solution and stir evenly. Insert the rapid detection test strip into the mixture according to the marked direction. Observe the results after 5 minutes. If the test band and the quality control band appear, it is positive; if only the quality control band appears, it is negative.

[0069] (3) Herbicicide resistance identification

[0070] The above steps (1) and (2) are for identifying the T0 generation transgenic seedlings. Plant the T0 generation positive seedlings in the culture room and harvest the seeds. Plant the seeds in the outdoor transgenic planting base for 2 generations (T1 generation, T2 generation). The transgenic identification method is as follows: Spray or smear glufosinate ammonium (dilute the 10% stock solution 200 times and add 0.1% (v / v) Tween) to both the W82 wild-type plants and the transgenic plants at the same time. After one week, the transgenic plants maintain a normal state, while the leaves of W82 (or the isolated non-transgenic plants) begin to turn yellow and wilt. When identified to the T2 generation, all the plants showing glufosinate ammonium resistance are homozygous lines.

[0071] (4) Detection of GmWRKY75 gene expression

[0072] Take the leaves of the GmWRKY75 transgenic homozygous line seedlings identified and screened in (3). After fully grinding them in liquid nitrogen, extract RNA using the Trizol method. Take an appropriate amount of RNA and use a reverse transcription kit to obtain cDNA as the template for qRT-PCR detection. Take an appropriate amount of the template cDNA, use the GmTubulin gene as the internal reference gene, and use the Genious 2×SYBR Green FastqPCR Mix (No ROX Premixed) (RK21205; AB Clonal) kit to detect the expression level of the GmWRKY75 gene in the Bio-Rad fluorescence quantitative PCR instrument CFX96. The sequences of the quantitative detection primers for the GmTubulin gene (Primer4 and Primer5) and the GmWRKY75 gene (Primer6 and Primer7) are as follows:

[0073] Primer4: 5'-CTACACCGTTGGCAAAGAGA-3' (SEQ ID NO: 6);

[0074] Primer5: 5'-GAAGACGAGGAAGCCTTGTAG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 7).

[0075] Primer6: 5'-CGTGCCGTTTACGACACCAT-3' (SEQ ID NO: 8);

[0076] Primer7: 5'-AATATAAATGGCGGGGGCGG-3' (SEQ ID NO: 9).

[0077] The 2-ΔΔCt method was used to calculate the relative expression levels, and the results are as Figure 2 shown. Taking the expression level of GmWRKY75 relative to GmTubulin in W82 leaves as 1, the relative expression levels of the GmWRKY75 gene in all three overexpression lines (OE1-3) increased significantly.

[0078] Example 3. Agronomic trait identification of transgenic plants overexpressing the soybean gene GmWRKY75

[0079] W82 (as the control) and the homozygous overexpression lines of the GmWRKY75 gene (OE1-3) were planted under natural conditions. The control and overexpression homozygous lines were planted in a cross pattern to reduce errors. The plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and yield per plant of the plants at the mature stage under natural conditions were observed. Phenotypic data of 20 plants from each line were counted, and photos were taken. The results are as Figure 2 , 3 shown.

[0080] The results showed that, compared with W82, the plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and yield per plant of the three overexpression lines (OE1-3) were significantly increased. Among them, the average plant height of W82 was 42.3 cm, while the plant heights of the overexpression lines (OE1-3) all exceeded 57 cm; the average number of nodes on the main stem of W82 was 10.85, while the average number of nodes on the main stem of the overexpression lines (OE1-3) was 13.6 - 14.3; the average number of pods per plant of W82 was 24.35, while the average number of pods per plant of the overexpression lines (OE1-3) was 32.45 - 41.5; the average yield per plant of W82 was 14.3 g, while the average yield per plant of the overexpression lines (OE1-3) was 17.4 - 19.8 g. This indicates that overexpression lines of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene can significantly increase the plant height, number of nodes on the main stem, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per plant, and yield per plant of soybeans, thus contributing to an increase in soybean yield.

[0081] The technical features of the above-described embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. For the sake of brevity of description, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, it should be considered as falling within the scope described in this specification.

[0082] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation manners of the present invention. Their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent. It should be noted that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, and these all fall within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention patent shall be subject to the appended claims.

[0083] The above is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the technical field, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and refinements can be made, and these improvements and refinements should also be regarded as within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. Use of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in increasing the yield per plant or the number of seeds per plant of soybeans and / or in genetic breeding for improving the plant type of soybeans, characterized in that, Overexpress the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, wherein the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the plant type improvement is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

2. Use of a recombinant vector containing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene in increasing the yield per plant or the number of seeds per plant of soybeans and / or in genetic breeding for improving the plant type of soybeans, characterized in that, Overexpress the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, wherein the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the plant type improvement is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

3. Use of a genetically engineered bacterium in increasing the yield per plant or the number of grains per plant of soybeans and / or in genetic breeding for improving the plant type of soybeans, characterized in that, The genetically engineered bacterium contains a recombinant vector containing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, overexpresses the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, wherein the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the plant type improvement is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

4. A method for increasing the yield per plant or the number of grains per plant of soybeans and / or improving the genetic breeding of soybean plant type, characterized in that, The method includes: overexpressing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, wherein the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the plant type improvement is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

5. A method for obtaining a soybean plant with improved agronomic traits, characterized in that, Comprises the following treatment steps: (1) Infecting the soybean cotyledon node with the genetically engineered bacterium; and (2) Culturing the infected callus into a soybean plant; wherein the genetically engineered bacterium contains a recombinant vector containing the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, overexpresses the soybean GmWRKY75 gene, wherein the soybean GmWRKY75 gene encodes an amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the improved agronomic traits are an increase in the yield per plant, the number of grains per plant, the number of nodes on the main stem and / or plant height of soybean.

6. The application according to any one of claims 1-3 or the method according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that, The coding sequence of the soybean GmWRKY75 gene is shown in SEQ ID NO:

1.

7. Application of the soybean GmWRKY75 transcription factor in increasing the yield per plant or the number of grains per plant of soybean and / or in genetic breeding for improving the soybean plant type, wherein the amino acid sequence of the soybean GmWRKY75 transcription factor is shown in SEQ ID NO: 2, and the plant type improvement is an increase in the number of nodes on the main stem and / or an increase in plant height.

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