A skid steer loader and intelligent monitoring system

Abstract

The present invention provides a skid-steer loader and an intelligent monitoring system, relating to the technical field of skid-steer loaders. The skid-steer loader of the present invention increases the effective working range of the boom by extending and retracting the telescopic arm relative to the main arm, and also uses an attachment adjustment mechanism to rotate or move the attachment relative to the telescopic arm, thereby achieving multi-directional movement of the attachment. Various types of attachment quick-change racks enable rapid disassembly, assembly, and replacement of standardized interface attachments, thereby improving the operating range and degree of freedom of the skid-steer loader while enabling rapid replacement of attachments. The intelligent monitoring system of the present invention monitors the entire vehicle in real time through an inclination sensor, position sensor, load sensor, pressure sensor, temperature sensor, and strain gauge to achieve intelligent and precise control of the skid-steer loader's operation. It also visualizes various parameters during the skid-steer loader's operation, allowing users to understand the skid-steer loader's operating status in real time.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of skid-steer loaders, in particular to a skid-steer loader and an intelligent monitoring system. Background Art

[0002] A skid-steer loader, also known as a multi-purpose engineering vehicle or multi-purpose engineering machine, is a compact, agile, and compact construction machine. Utilizing the linear speed difference between the wheels, a skid-steer loader achieves steering. It is primarily used in narrow, uneven terrain, and where the workload changes frequently. It is widely used in urban infrastructure, roads, construction sites, factory workshops, warehouses, docks, ship decks, and garden farms. By replacing various attachments, a skid-steer loader can perform various tasks, including scraping, stacking, lifting, excavating, drilling, crushing, grabbing, loosening and trenching, road sweeping, and road compaction.

[0003] However, the compact structure of existing skid-steer loaders limits the scope of operation, resulting in insufficient forklift distance, unloading height, and unloading distance, and a small operating range. Furthermore, most existing skid-steer loaders directly hinge the hydraulic cylinder with the front end of the boom and the attachment frame, resulting in limited freedom of attachment, and only one basic degree of freedom of movement, which makes it difficult to meet the needs of connecting different types of attachments to adapt to various working conditions. In addition, the attachment quick-change frame of existing skid-steer loaders generally uses a crank slider mechanism to achieve the up and down movement of the locking pin. This structure is difficult to manufacture, has a large number of parts, and is cumbersome to assemble and disassemble. In order to achieve the designed movement effect, the part of the quick-change frame that assists in installing the crank slider mechanism also needs to be complexly designed, and its reliability is not easy to guarantee. In addition, the existing skid-steer loaders have a low level of intelligence and low operational safety, which needs to be improved and perfected. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a skid loader and an intelligent monitoring system to improve the operating range and operating freedom; to achieve rapid replacement of accessories on the basis of improving the operating range and operating freedom; and to monitor the entire machine in real time to improve operating safety.

[0005] In order to achieve the above objectives, the technical solutions adopted by the present invention are as follows:

[0006] A skid steer loader comprises a loader body, a boom support frame, a boom, an attachment adjustment mechanism, an attachment quick-change frame and attachments;

[0007] The boom support frames are arranged on both sides of the loader body;

[0008] The boom includes a main boom and a telescopic boom;

[0009] The rear end of the main arm is hinged to the boom support frame, and the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the boom support frame and the main arm respectively, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the main arm to swing relative to the boom support frame;

[0010] The front end of the main arm is slidably connected to the rear end of the telescopic arm. The second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main arm and the telescopic arm respectively. The second hydraulic cylinder drives the telescopic arm to extend or retract relative to the main arm.

[0011] The front end of the telescopic arm is hinged to the attachment adjustment mechanism, and the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic arm and the attachment adjustment mechanism respectively. The third hydraulic cylinder is used to change the inclination angle of the attachment adjustment mechanism relative to the telescopic arm;

[0012] The attachment adjustment mechanism is connected to the attachment through the attachment quick-change frame, and the attachment adjustment mechanism is used to change the position of the attachment relative to the telescopic arm.

[0013] Preferably, the attachment adjustment mechanism includes a housing, a power output mechanism and a slewing bearing;

[0014] The front end of the telescopic arm and the third hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the housing;

[0015] The power output mechanism is arranged in the housing, the power output mechanism is connected to the inner ring of the slewing bearing, the inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the quick-changing frame of the attachment, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the housing. The power output mechanism drives the inner ring of the slewing bearing to rotate relative to the outer ring of the slewing bearing, thereby driving the attachment to rotate relative to the telescopic arm.

[0016] Preferably, the power output mechanism includes a servo motor and a planetary reducer;

[0017] The servo motor is arranged in the housing, and the servo motor power is connected to the sun gear of the planetary reducer;

[0018] The inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the ring gear of the planetary reducer.

[0019] Preferably, the attachment adjustment mechanism includes a guide seat, a sliding seat and a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder;

[0020] The front end of the telescopic arm and the third hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the guide seat;

[0021] The sliding seat is slidably connected to the guide seat, and the attachment quick-change frame is connected to the sliding seat;

[0022] The cylinder body of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder is connected to the guide seat, and the piston rod of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding seat. The piston rods of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder move in the same direction, thereby driving the attachment to move horizontally relative to the telescopic arm.

[0023] Preferably, a roller frame is provided on the sliding seat, and a plurality of rollers are mounted on the roller frame, and the rims of the rollers are in contact with the guide seat;

[0024] An electromagnet is provided on the attachment quick-change frame, and a positioning groove cooperating with the electromagnet is provided on the sliding seat. When the electromagnet is energized, magnetic force is generated and the electromagnet is adsorbed on the positioning groove.

[0025] Preferably, the attachment quick-change frame includes a frame plate, a locking motor, a transmission shaft, a telescopic assembly, a locking pin and a guide cylinder;

[0026] The frame plate is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism, the locking motor is arranged on the frame plate, and the locking motor power is connected to the first bevel gear;

[0027] A second helical gear meshing with the first helical gear is provided at the middle of the transmission shaft, a third helical gear is provided at the end of the transmission shaft, and a fourth helical gear meshing with the third helical gear is provided on the frame plate;

[0028] One end of the locking pin is connected to the fourth bevel gear through a telescopic assembly, and the other end of the locking pin is slidably connected to the guide cylinder, which is connected to a locking hole;

[0029] The locking motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate forward, so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to extend out of the locking hole, and the locking pin abuts against the accessory; the locking motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate reversely, so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to retract into the locking hole, and the locking pin is separated from the accessory.

[0030] Preferably, the attachment quick-change rack includes a rack plate, a wrench, a telescopic assembly, a locking pin and a guide cylinder;

[0031] The frame plate is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism, and the wrench is hinged to the frame plate;

[0032] One end of the locking pin is connected to the wrench through a telescopic assembly, and the other end of the locking pin is slidably connected to the guide cylinder, which is connected to a locking hole;

[0033] Pull the wrench forward so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to extend out of the locking hole, and the locking pin abuts against the attachment; pull the wrench backward so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to retract into the locking hole, and the locking pin is separated from the attachment.

[0034] Preferably, the attachment quick-change frame includes a frame plate, a locking motor, a lead screw shaft, a nut, a locking pin and a guide cylinder;

[0035] The frame plate is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism, the locking motor is arranged on the frame plate, the locking motor power is connected to the screw shaft, and the nut is sleeved on the screw shaft;

[0036] One end of the locking pin is connected to the nut, and the other end of the locking pin is slidably connected to the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder is connected to a locking hole;

[0037] The locking motor drives the screw shaft to rotate forward, so that the nut drives the locking pin to extend out of the locking hole, and the locking pin abuts against the accessory; the locking motor drives the screw shaft to rotate reversely, so that the nut drives the locking pin to retract into the locking hole, and the locking pin is separated from the accessory.

[0038] Preferably, a guide rail is provided on the inner side of the main arm, and a slider is provided on the telescopic arm, and the slider is slidably engaged with the guide rail;

[0039] A dust cover is also provided between the end of the guide rail and the inner side surface of the main arm.

[0040] The present invention also provides an intelligent monitoring system, which is arranged on the above-mentioned skid steer loader, and includes a control unit and an inclination sensor, a position sensor, a load sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a strain gauge connected to the control unit by signals;

[0041] The inclination sensors are respectively arranged on the main arm and the frame plate; the position sensor is arranged on the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder; the load sensor is arranged in the guide cylinder; the pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the cylinder bodies of the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder; the temperature sensor is arranged inside the oil tank of the loader body; and the strain gauges are respectively arranged on the main arm, the telescopic arm and the slewing bearing.

[0042] The beneficial technical effects of the present invention are:

[0043] 1. The skid-steer loader of the present invention increases its maximum lift height by extending and retracting the telescopic arm relative to the main arm, thereby increasing the effective working range of the boom. The attachment adjustment mechanism allows the attachment to rotate or move relative to the telescopic arm, thereby achieving multi-directional movement of the attachment, thereby meeting the needs of adapting to various working conditions. Furthermore, the skid-steer loader of the present invention utilizes various types of attachment quick-change racks to enable rapid disassembly, assembly, and replacement of attachments with standardized interfaces, thereby increasing the skid-steer loader's operating range and degree of freedom while enabling rapid attachment replacement.

[0044] 2. The intelligent monitoring system of the present invention monitors the entire vehicle in real time through inclination sensors, position sensors, load sensors, pressure sensors, temperature sensors and strain gauges to achieve intelligent and precise control of the operation of the skid loader, and at the same time visualizes various parameters of the skid loader during operation, so that users can understand the operating status of the skid loader in real time and implement preventive maintenance during operation, which helps users to reasonably arrange maintenance plans, adjust work intensity, reduce the probability of sudden failures, and reduce operation and maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0045] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a skid steer loader in which the attachment is a bucket in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the loader body and boom support frame in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 3This is a schematic structural diagram of the boom support frame and the boom in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the main arm and telescopic arm in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the connection between the main arm and the telescopic arm in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A partial enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0051] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment adjustment mechanism, attachment quick-change frame and attachment in Example 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0052] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment adjustment mechanism, attachment quick-change frame and attachment in Example 1 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0053] Figure 9 1. An exploded view of the attachment adjustment mechanism, the attachment quick-change frame, and the attachment in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the structure of the power output mechanism and the slewing bearing in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the arm motion range of the skid steer loader in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0056] Figure 12 This is a structural diagram of a skid steer loader using a clamp as an attachment in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0057] Figure 13 Schematic diagram of the structure of a skid steer loader with a bucket as an attachment in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0058] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment adjustment mechanism, attachment quick-change frame and attachment in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0059] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment adjustment mechanism, attachment quick-change frame and attachment in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0060] Figure 16 Exploded view of the attachment adjustment mechanism, attachment quick-change frame, and attachment in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0061] Figure 17Schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment adjustment mechanism, attachment quick-change frame and attachment in Example 2 of the present invention Figure 3 ;

[0062] Figure 18 Schematic diagram of the structure of the attachment adjustment mechanism in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 19 This is a schematic structural diagram of a skid steer loader with a road leveling device as an attachment in Example 2 of the present invention;

[0064] Figure 20 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change frame for accessories in Example 3 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0065] Figure 21 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change frame for accessories in Example 3 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0066] Figure 22 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change frame for accessories in Example 4 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0067] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change frame for accessories in Example 4 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0068] Figure 24 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change frame for accessories in Example 5 of the present invention Figure 1 ;

[0069] Figure 25 Schematic diagram of the structure of the quick-change frame for accessories in Example 5 of the present invention Figure 2 ;

[0070] Figure 26 This is a schematic diagram of the cab screen in Example 6 of the present invention;

[0071] Among them, 1-loader body, 2-boom support frame, 3-boom, 31-main arm, 311-guide rail, 312-dust cover, 32-telescopic arm, 321-slider, 331-first hydraulic cylinder, 332-second hydraulic cylinder, 333-third hydraulic cylinder, 4-attachment adjustment mechanism, 411-housing, 412-servo motor, 413-planetary reducer, 414-slewing bearing;

[0072] 421-guide seat, 422-sliding seat, 423-bidirectional hydraulic cylinder, 424-roller frame, 425-roller, 426-electromagnet, 5-accessory quick-change frame, 501-frame plate, 502-locking motor, 503-telescopic assembly, 504-locking pin, 505-guide cylinder, 506-locking hole, 511-transmission shaft, 512-first bevel gear, 513-second bevel gear, 514-third bevel gear, 515-fourth bevel gear, 521-wrench, 531-screw shaft, 532-nut, 6-accessories, 71-tilt sensor, 72-pressure sensor, 73-strain gauge. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0073] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings. Certain embodiments of the present invention will be more fully described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, some, but not all, of which are illustrated. The various embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that the present invention satisfies applicable legal requirements.

[0074] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "inner," "outer," "upper," "lower," "front," and "rear," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0075] Example 1

[0076] like Figures 1 to 12 As shown, this embodiment 1 describes a skid steer loader, which includes a loader body 1, a boom support frame 2, a boom 3, an attachment adjustment mechanism 4, an attachment quick-change frame 5 and an attachment 6.

[0077] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the loader body 1 includes a chassis, a cab, etc., and the boom support frames 2 are arranged on both sides of the loader body 1. In this embodiment, the boom support frames 2 are respectively arranged on the sides of the rear window of the cab.

[0078] like Figure 3 and Figure 4As shown, the present invention increases the effective operating range of a skid loader by utilizing a retractable boom 3. The boom 3 comprises a main boom 31 and a telescopic boom 32. The rear end of the main boom 31 is hinged to the boom support frame 2. A first hydraulic cylinder 331 is connected to the boom support frame 2 and the main boom 31, respectively. The first hydraulic cylinder 331 contracts and extends, causing the main boom 31 to swing up and down relative to the boom support frame 2. The front end of the main boom 31 is slidably connected to the rear end of the telescopic boom 32. A second hydraulic cylinder 332 is connected to the main boom 31 and the telescopic boom 32, respectively. The second hydraulic cylinder 332 extends the telescopic boom 32 relative to the main boom 31 and contracts the telescopic boom 32 relative to the main boom 31.

[0079] like Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, a guide rail 311 is provided on the inner side of the main arm 31, and a slider 321 is provided on the telescopic arm 32. The slider 321 slides with the guide rail 311, so that the telescopic arm 32 has good controllable performance in extending and retracting relative to the main arm 31 and has a high extendable length. In addition, compared with the traditional method of extending and retracting through a threaded rotating rod, the telescopic arm 32 of the present invention has higher mechanical efficiency and faster extension and retraction.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, a dust cover 312 is further provided between the end of the guide rail 311 and the inner side surface of the main arm 31 .

[0081] In this embodiment, the maximum extension distance of the telescopic arm 32 is determined by the length of the guide rail 311 and the maximum lever arm length. The maximum lifting angle of the boom 3 is determined by the weight of the boom 3 and the diameter of the first hydraulic cylinder 331. The materials of the main arm 31 and telescopic arm 32 vary depending on their rated loads. Considering factors such as price and performance, various materials, such as carbon steel and alloy steel, can be used. For example, Q235 carbon structural steel can meet performance requirements while achieving economical manufacturing costs. Taking into account both load-bearing capacity and manufacturing costs, the main arm 31 and telescopic arm 32 can adopt different cross-sectional shapes, such as a box-shaped section with uniform wall thickness.

[0082] When the main arm 31 needs to be raised, the hydraulic pump in the loader body 1 is controlled by the joystick to extract hydraulic oil from the hydraulic oil tank and provide it to the first hydraulic cylinder 331. The first hydraulic cylinder 331 extends forward, thereby achieving the purpose of raising the main arm 31; when the main arm 31 needs to be lowered, the hydraulic oil in the first hydraulic cylinder 331 flows back to the hydraulic oil tank along the pipeline, causing the first hydraulic cylinder 331 to retract backward, thereby lowering the main arm 31.

[0083] When the telescopic arm 32 needs to be extended, the hydraulic oil in the rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 332 is controlled by the joystick to flow back to the hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic pump in the loader body 1 pumps the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank into the rodless end of the second hydraulic cylinder 332, pushing the second hydraulic cylinder 332 to move forward, thereby driving the telescopic arm 32 to extend forward along the guide rail 311; when the telescopic arm 32 needs to be retracted, the hydraulic oil in the rodless end of the second hydraulic cylinder 332 flows back to the hydraulic oil tank, and the hydraulic pump in the loader body 1 pumps the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil tank into the rod end of the second hydraulic cylinder 332, and the second hydraulic cylinder 332 pulls the telescopic arm 32 back along the guide rail 311.

[0084] In the skid loader of this embodiment, the front end of the telescopic arm 32 is articulated with the attachment adjustment mechanism 4. A third hydraulic cylinder 333 is connected to both the telescopic arm 32 and the attachment adjustment mechanism 4, respectively. The third hydraulic cylinder 333 is used to adjust the tilt angle of the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 relative to the telescopic arm 32. The attachment adjustment mechanism 4 is connected to the attachment 6 via the attachment quick-change frame 5. The attachment adjustment mechanism 4 is used to adjust the position of the attachment 6 relative to the telescopic arm 32, thereby enabling multi-directional movement of the attachment 6. In this embodiment, the front end of the telescopic arm 32 and the third hydraulic cylinder 333 are preferably articulated with the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 via lugs. The attachment 6 and the attachment quick-change frame 5 preferably utilize a detachable connection to facilitate the connection of different attachments 6 to accommodate various working conditions.

[0085] like Figure 7 and Figure 9 As shown, in this embodiment, the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 includes a housing 411, a power take-off mechanism, and a slewing bearing 414. The front end of the telescopic arm 32 and the third hydraulic cylinder 333 are respectively hinged to the housing 411. The power take-off mechanism is disposed within the housing 411 and is connected to the inner ring of the slewing bearing, which is connected to the attachment quick-change frame 5. The outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the housing 411. The power take-off mechanism drives the inner ring of the slewing bearing to rotate relative to the outer ring of the slewing bearing, thereby driving the attachment 6 to rotate relative to the telescopic arm 32.

[0086] like Figure 10 As shown, in this embodiment, the slewing bearing 414 includes a slewing bearing inner ring, rollers, and the slewing bearing inner ring. The slewing bearing outer ring is sleeved with the slewing bearing inner ring, and the rollers are used to reduce friction. The power output mechanism includes a servo motor 412 and a planetary reducer 413. The planetary reducer 413 includes a sun gear, planetary gears, a planetary carrier, and a ring gear. The planetary carrier is disposed within the housing 411, and the sun gear and planetary gears are intermeshed and mounted on the planetary carrier. The servo motor 412 is disposed within the housing 411 and is power-connected to the sun gear of the planetary reducer 413. The sun gear and servo motor 412 are connected via a flat key. The slewing bearing inner ring is connected to the ring gear of the planetary reducer 413. The slewing bearing inner ring is also connected to the attachment quick-change frame 5 via a hollow shaft.

[0087] The material of the hollow shaft varies according to the rated load. Taking into account factors such as price and performance, medium carbon steel, alloy steel and other materials can be used. For example, 45 steel can meet the performance requirements and has an economical and reasonable manufacturing cost.

[0088] When the attachment 6 needs to rotate, for example, clockwise, the joystick controls the servo motor 412 in the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 to rotate counterclockwise, driving the sun gear to rotate counterclockwise at the same speed. Since the planetary carrier is fixed, the decelerated ring gear rotates clockwise, and drives the inner ring of the slewing bearing to rotate clockwise, thereby driving the attachment 6 to rotate through the attachment quick-change frame 5 connected to the inner ring of the slewing bearing.

[0089] In addition, the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 provided in this embodiment that can rotate the attachment 6 can also be applied to various working conditions, such as Figure 12 As shown, the attachment 6 can be replaced with a clamp.

[0090] Example 2

[0091] like Figures 13 to 19 As shown, this embodiment 2 also describes a skid steer loader. Except for the following technical features that are different from the above embodiment 1, the rest of the technical features of the skid steer loader can refer to the above embodiment 1.

[0092] like Figures 14 to 17 As shown, the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 includes a guide seat 421 , a sliding seat 422 and a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder 423 .

[0093] The front end of the telescopic arm 32 and the third hydraulic cylinder 333 are respectively hinged to the guide seat 421 .

[0094] The sliding seat 422 is slidably connected to the guide seat 421 , and the attachment quick-change frame 5 is connected to the sliding seat 422 .

[0095] The cylinder body of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 is connected to the guide seat 421, and the piston rod of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 is connected to the sliding seat 422. The piston rods of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 move in the same direction, thereby driving the attachment 6 to move horizontally relative to the telescopic arm 32. Figure 18 In the direction shown, the piston rods at the left and right ends of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 are respectively connected to the sliding seat 422. When the piston rod at the left end of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 is extended, the piston rod at the right end of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 is shortened, thereby driving the attachment 6 to move to the left; similarly, when the piston rod at the left end of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 is shortened, the piston rod at the right end of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423 is extended at the same speed as the shortening of the piston rod at the left end of the two-way hydraulic cylinder 423, thereby driving the attachment 6 to move to the right.

[0096] In this embodiment, a roller frame 424 is provided on the sliding seat 422 , and a plurality of rollers 425 are mounted on the roller frame 424 . The rims of the rollers 425 are in contact with the guide seat 421 .

[0097] The attachment quick-change frame 5 is provided with an electromagnet 426 , and the sliding seat 422 is provided with a positioning groove that matches the electromagnet 426 . When the electromagnet 426 is energized, it generates magnetic force and is adsorbed in the positioning groove.

[0098] like Figure 19 As shown, the attachment adjustment mechanism 4 provided in this embodiment, which enables the attachment 6 to move laterally, can be applied to various working conditions, such as replacing the attachment 6 with a road leveling device.

[0099] Example 3

[0100] like Figures 20 to 21 As shown, this embodiment 3 also describes a skid steer loader. Except for the following technical features that are different from the above embodiment 1, the rest of the technical features of the skid steer loader can refer to the above embodiment 1.

[0101] The attachment quick-change frame 5 includes a frame plate 501, a locking motor 502, a transmission shaft 511, a telescopic assembly 503, a locking pin 504, and a guide cylinder 505. In this embodiment, the telescopic assembly 503 is a telescopic cylinder provided with a spring.

[0102] The frame plate 501 is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism 4. The locking motor 502 is mounted on the frame plate 501 and is powered by a first helical gear 512. A second helical gear 513 is mounted in the middle of the transmission shaft 511, meshing with the first helical gear 512. A third helical gear 514 is mounted at the end of the transmission shaft 511. A fourth helical gear 515 is mounted on the frame plate 501, meshing with the third helical gear 514. One end of the locking pin 504 is connected to the fourth helical gear 515 via the telescopic assembly 503. The other end of the locking pin 504 is slidably connected to a guide cylinder 505, which is connected to a locking hole 506.

[0103] The locking motor 502 drives the first bevel gear 512 to rotate forward, causing the telescopic assembly 503 to drive the locking pin 504 to extend out of the locking hole 506, and the locking pin 504 to abut against the attachment 6. The locking motor 502 drives the first bevel gear 512 to rotate backward, causing the telescopic assembly 503 to drive the locking pin 504 to retract into the locking hole 506, and the locking pin 504 is separated from the attachment 6.

[0104] When the attachment 6 needs to be replaced, the joystick first controls the locking motor 502 to rotate counterclockwise in the upward direction, thereby driving the rotation of the first bevel gear 512, and then transmits the motion to the fourth bevel gear 515 through the second bevel gear 513 and the third bevel gear 514. The fourth bevel gear 515 drives the telescopic cylinder to rotate, so that the locking pin 504 connected to the telescopic cylinder is lifted upward, so that the attachment 6 is removed; after aligning the new attachment 6, the joystick controls the locking motor 502 in the attachment quick-change frame 5 to rotate clockwise in the upward direction, so that the locking pin 504 moves downward to lock the attachment 6.

[0105] Example 4

[0106] like Figures 22 to 23 As shown, this embodiment 4 also describes a skid steer loader. Except for the following technical features that are different from the above embodiment 1, the rest of the technical features of the skid steer loader can refer to the above embodiment 1.

[0107] The attachment quick-change frame 5 includes a frame plate 501, a wrench 521, a telescopic assembly 503, a locking pin 504, and a guide cylinder 505. In this embodiment, the telescopic assembly 503 is a telescopic cylinder provided with a spring.

[0108] The frame plate 501 is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism 4, and the wrench 521 is hingedly connected to the frame plate 501. One end of the locking pin 504 is connected to the wrench 521 via the telescopic assembly 503. The other end of the locking pin 504 is slidably connected to the guide cylinder 505, which is connected to the locking hole 506. When the wrench 521 is pulled forward, the telescopic assembly 503 drives the locking pin 504 to extend out of the locking hole 506, causing the locking pin 504 to abut against the attachment 6. When the wrench 521 is pulled backward, the telescopic assembly 503 drives the locking pin 504 back into the locking hole 506, separating the locking pin 504 from the attachment 6.

[0109] When the accessory 6 needs to be replaced, first pull the wrench 521 inward and drive the telescopic cylinder to rotate, so that the locking pin 504 connected to the telescopic cylinder is lifted upward to remove the accessory 6; after aligning the new accessory 6, pull the wrench 521 outward and drive the telescopic cylinder to rotate, so that the locking pin 504 moves downward to lock the accessory 6.

[0110] Example 5

[0111] like Figures 24 and 25 As shown, this embodiment 5 also describes a skid steer loader. Except for the following technical features that are different from the above embodiment 1, the rest of the technical features of the skid steer loader can refer to the above embodiment 1.

[0112] The attachment quick-change frame 5 includes a frame plate 501 , a locking motor 502 , a lead screw shaft 531 , a nut 532 , a locking pin 504 and a guide cylinder 505 .

[0113] The frame 501 is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism 4. The locking motor 502 is mounted on the frame 501. The locking motor 502 is powered by the screw shaft 531. The output shaft of the locking motor 502 is connected to the screw shaft 531 via a diaphragm coupling and is connected to a flat key to transmit motion. The nut 532 is sleeved on the screw shaft 531 and engages with the screw shaft 531. One end of the locking pin 504 is connected to the nut 532, and the other end of the locking pin 504 is slidably connected to the guide cylinder 505. The guide cylinder 505 is connected to a locking hole 506. The locking motor 502 drives the screw shaft 531 to rotate in the forward direction, causing the nut 532 to drive the locking pin 504 out of the locking hole 506, and the locking pin 504 abuts the attachment 6. The locking motor 502 drives the screw shaft 531 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the nut 532 drives the locking pin 504 to retract into the locking hole 506, and the locking pin 504 is separated from the attachment 6.

[0114] When the accessory 6 needs to be replaced, the joystick first controls the locking motor 502 to rotate, and drives the screw shaft 531 to rotate, thereby driving the nut 532 to drive the locking pin 504 to lift upward, so that the accessory 6 is removed; after aligning with the new accessory 6, the joystick controls the locking motor 502 to rotate in the opposite direction, so that the locking pin 504 moves downward to lock the accessory 6.

[0115] Example 6

[0116] An intelligent monitoring system is arranged on any one of the skid steer loaders described in Examples 1 to 5.

[0117] The intelligent monitoring system includes a control unit and an inclination sensor 71 , a position sensor, a load sensor, a pressure sensor 72 , a temperature sensor and a strain gauge 73 connected to the control unit by signals.

[0118] Tilt sensors 71 are installed on the main arm 31 and the frame plate 501, and are connected to the control unit via wires. The tilt sensor 71 on the main arm 31 is located at the outer rear extreme position of the lower half of the main arm 31. A position sensor is installed on the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder 332. A load sensor is installed within the guide cylinder 505. Pressure sensors 72 are installed on the cylinders of the first hydraulic cylinder 331, the second hydraulic cylinder 332, and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder 423. A temperature sensor is installed inside the fuel tank of the loader body 1.

[0119] Strain gauges 73 are installed on the main arm 31, telescopic arm 32, and slewing bearing 414, and are connected to the control unit via wires. The strain gauge 73 on the main arm 31 is located at the extreme rearward position inside the upper half of the main arm 31, while the strain gauge 73 on the telescopic arm 32 is located at the extreme rearward position inside the upper half of the telescopic arm 32. The strain gauge 73 on the slewing bearing 414 is located at the maximum radius of the slewing bearing's inner ring.

[0120] The intelligent monitoring system also includes an alarm unit connected to the control unit. When the data uploaded by each sensor exceeds the set threshold, the control unit sends an alarm signal to the alarm unit. The intelligent monitoring system can monitor the operating status of the skid loader and facilitate timely warning and handling of faults.

[0121] Sensor signal acquisition involves collecting various signals transmitted to the control unit from the strain gauges 73, position sensors, pressure sensors 72, inclination sensors 71, load sensors, and temperature sensors in each fuel tank. Signal processing involves analyzing these signals and converting them into corresponding parameters, such as maximum stress, hydraulic cylinder elongation, hydraulic oil pressure, component inclination, lifting load, and fuel tank temperature. Data visualization involves visualizing these parameters along with operating time and displaying them on the cab screen. Data monitoring and analysis involves real-time monitoring of these parameters. If the data is abnormal, the machine will shut down and issue an alarm. This abnormality will be displayed on the cab screen, an error report will be generated, and uploaded to a cloud database. If the data is normal, a work log will be generated and uploaded to the cloud database. Furthermore, data monitoring and analysis involves analyzing the remaining life of each component and the entire machine based on the number and time each parameter reaches a preset threshold. This data is displayed on the cab screen and uploaded to the cloud. Through the intelligent monitoring system, various parameters can be visualized during machine operation, and abnormalities can be automatically shut down and issued. Data can also be shared with a cloud database, achieving intelligent interconnection.

[0122] When the machine is working, the control unit monitors the above data in real time and analyzes whether the data is normal: when the data is abnormal, the control unit controls the machine to stop working immediately and alarms the operator, the fault information is displayed on the cab screen, and an error report is generated and uploaded to the cloud database; if the data is normal, a work log is generated and uploaded to the cloud database; in addition, the control unit analyzes the remaining life of each component based on the number and time of each parameter reaching the preset threshold, and comprehensively calculates the remaining life of the entire machine, and then displays these data on the cab screen and uploads them to the cloud database.

[0123] So far, the present embodiment has been described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Based on the above description, those skilled in the art should have a clear understanding of the skid loader and intelligent monitoring system of the present invention. The skid loader of the present invention increases the maximum lifting height by extending and retracting the telescopic arm 32 relative to the main arm 31, thereby increasing the effective working range of the boom 3, and rotates or moves the attachment 6 relative to the telescopic arm 32 through the attachment adjustment mechanism 4, thereby achieving multi-directional movement of the attachment 6, thereby meeting the needs of adapting to various working conditions. In addition, the skid loader of the present invention also realizes the rapid disassembly and replacement of standardized interface attachments 6 through various forms of attachment quick-change racks 5, thereby improving the operating range and degree of freedom of the skid loader while achieving rapid replacement of the attachment 6. The intelligent monitoring system of the present invention monitors the entire vehicle in real time through the inclination sensor 71, position sensor, load sensor, pressure sensor 72, temperature sensor and strain gauge 73 to achieve intelligent and precise control of the operation of the skid loader, and at the same time realize the visualization of various parameters during the operation of the skid loader, so that the user can understand the operation status of the skid loader in real time and implement preventive maintenance during operation, which helps the user to reasonably arrange maintenance plans, adjust work intensity, reduce the probability of sudden failures, and reduce operation and maintenance costs.

[0124] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the objectives, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A skid steer loader, characterized in that: It includes a loader body, a boom support frame, a boom, an attachment adjustment mechanism, an attachment quick-change frame and attachments; The boom support frames are arranged on both sides of the loader body; The movable arm includes a main arm and a telescopic arm; The rear end of the main arm is hinged to the boom support frame, and the first hydraulic cylinder is connected to the boom support frame and the main arm respectively, and the first hydraulic cylinder drives the main arm to swing relative to the boom support frame; The front end of the main arm is slidably connected to the rear end of the telescopic arm, and the second hydraulic cylinder is connected to the main arm and the telescopic arm respectively, and the second hydraulic cylinder drives the telescopic arm to extend or retract relative to the main arm; The front end of the telescopic arm is hinged to the attachment adjustment mechanism, and the third hydraulic cylinder is connected to the telescopic arm and the attachment adjustment mechanism respectively, and the third hydraulic cylinder is used to change the inclination angle of the attachment adjustment mechanism relative to the telescopic arm; The attachment adjustment mechanism is connected to the attachment via an attachment quick-change frame, and the attachment adjustment mechanism is used to change the position of the attachment relative to the telescopic arm; The attachment adjustment mechanism includes a housing, a power output mechanism and a slewing bearing; The front end of the telescopic arm and the third hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the housing; The power output mechanism is disposed in the housing, the power output mechanism is connected to the inner ring of the slewing bearing, the inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the attachment quick-change frame, and the outer ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the housing. The power output mechanism drives the inner ring of the slewing bearing to rotate relative to the outer ring of the slewing bearing, thereby driving the attachment to rotate relative to the telescopic arm; The power output mechanism includes a servo motor and a planetary reducer; The servo motor is arranged in the housing, and the servo motor is connected to the sun gear of the planetary reducer; The inner ring of the slewing bearing is connected to the ring gear of the planetary reducer; The attachment adjustment mechanism includes a guide seat, a sliding seat and a bidirectional hydraulic cylinder; The front end of the telescopic arm and the third hydraulic cylinder are respectively hinged to the guide seat; The sliding seat is slidably connected to the guide seat, and the attachment quick-change frame is connected to the sliding seat; The cylinder body of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder is connected to the guide seat, and the piston rod of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder is connected to the sliding seat. The piston rods of the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder move in the same direction, thereby driving the attachment to move horizontally relative to the telescopic arm. The sliding seat is provided with a roller frame, on which a plurality of rollers are mounted, and the rims of the rollers are in contact with the guide seat; The attachment quick-change frame is provided with an electromagnet, and the sliding seat is provided with a positioning groove that cooperates with the electromagnet. When the electromagnet is energized, it generates magnetic force and is adsorbed on the positioning groove.

2. The skid steer loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attachment quick-change frame includes a frame plate, a locking motor, a transmission shaft, a telescopic assembly, a locking pin and a guide cylinder; The frame plate is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism, and the locking motor is arranged on the frame plate, and the locking motor is connected to the first bevel gear; The middle portion of the transmission shaft is provided with a second helical gear meshing with the first helical gear, the end portion of the transmission shaft is provided with a third helical gear, and the frame plate is provided with a fourth helical gear meshing with the third helical gear; One end of the locking pin is connected to the fourth bevel gear through a telescopic assembly, and the other end of the locking pin is slidably connected to the guide cylinder, which is connected to a locking hole; The locking motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate forward, so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to extend out of the locking hole, and the locking pin abuts against the accessory; the locking motor drives the first bevel gear to rotate reversely, so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to retract into the locking hole, and the locking pin is separated from the accessory.

3. The skid steer loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attachment quick-change frame includes a frame plate, a wrench, a telescopic assembly, a locking pin and a guide cylinder; The frame plate is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism, and the wrench is hinged to the frame plate; One end of the locking pin is connected to the wrench through a telescopic assembly, and the other end of the locking pin is slidably connected to the guide cylinder, which is connected to a locking hole; Pull the wrench forward so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to extend out of the locking hole, and the locking pin abuts against the attachment; pull the wrench backward so that the telescopic assembly drives the locking pin to retract into the locking hole, and the locking pin is separated from the attachment.

4. The skid steer loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: The attachment quick-change frame includes a frame plate, a locking motor, a screw shaft, a nut, a locking pin and a guide cylinder; The frame plate is connected to the attachment adjustment mechanism, the locking motor is arranged on the frame plate, the locking motor power is connected to the screw shaft, and the nut is sleeved on the screw shaft; One end of the locking pin is connected to the nut, and the other end of the locking pin is slidably connected to the guide cylinder, and the guide cylinder is connected to a locking hole; The locking motor drives the screw shaft to rotate forward, so that the nut drives the locking pin to extend out of the locking hole, and the locking pin abuts against the accessory; the locking motor drives the screw shaft to rotate reversely, so that the nut drives the locking pin to retract into the locking hole, and the locking pin is separated from the accessory.

5. The skid steer loader according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide rail is provided on the inner side of the main arm, and a slider is provided on the telescopic arm, and the slider is slidably engaged with the guide rail; A dust cover is also provided between the end of the guide rail and the inner side surface of the main arm.

6. An intelligent monitoring system, characterized in that: The intelligent monitoring system is arranged on the skid steer loader according to any one of claims 1 to 5; The intelligent monitoring system includes a control unit and an inclination sensor, a position sensor, a load sensor, a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor and a strain gauge connected to the control unit signal; The inclination sensors are respectively arranged on the main arm and the frame plate; the position sensor is arranged on the piston rod of the second hydraulic cylinder; the load sensor is arranged in the guide cylinder; the pressure sensors are respectively arranged on the cylinder bodies of the first hydraulic cylinder, the second hydraulic cylinder and the bidirectional hydraulic cylinder; the temperature sensor is arranged inside the oil tank of the loader body; the strain gauges are respectively arranged on the main arm, the telescopic arm and the slewing bearing.

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