Multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas extraction, and discloses a multi-stage pulse perforation fracturing composite device, comprising a protective shell, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to a gravity weight, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to a connecting block 1, a guide mechanism provided inside the protective shell, and further comprising: a protective mechanism provided on the outer wall of the protective shell, the protective mechanism comprising a protective plate, the outer wall of which is fixedly connected to a guide block, and the outer wall of the guide block being fixedly connected to a spring. The present invention supports and positions the fracturing device through the protective mechanism, so that the fracturing device is positioned at the center of the oil well at the moment of fracturing the oil well, and prevents the impact force from squeezing the fracturing device, causing the fracturing device to deviate from the preset fracturing position, thereby affecting the fracturing effect. At the same time, after the fracturing is completed, the guide sleeve is promptly protected to prevent backflow after the fracturing of the oil well from entering the interior of the fracturing device, thereby causing damage to the fracturing device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas extraction, in particular to a multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device. Background Art

[0002] In the field of oil and gas extraction, efficient extraction has always been the goal pursued by the industry. With the continuous growth of global energy demand and the increasing difficulty of oil and gas resource extraction, extraction technology and equipment have become extremely urgent. In order to achieve better extraction results, multi-stage pulse perforating and fracturing composite devices have come into being in this context, opening up a new path for oil and gas extraction and meeting the industry's demand for efficient and sustainable extraction.

[0003] Patent application number CN03241994.5 discloses a jacket-type multi-stage pulse composite perforating device, which has good perforating effect, simple process, integrated perforation and fracturing, low cost, and high safety. The device comprises a perforating gun body, on which an outer jacket cartridge is provided. The outer jacket cartridge is divided into an inner cartridge and an outer cartridge. The outer cartridge is sleeved on the inner cartridge coated with an adhesive. The outer cartridge is a low-burning-rate cartridge, and the inner cartridge is a high-burning-rate cartridge. The outer surface of the outer cartridge of the outer jacket cartridge is coated with a waterproof coating.

[0004] However, during the fracturing process, the multi-stage pulse perforating fracturing composite device cannot be fixed to the inner wall of the oil well, causing the impact force generated during the fracturing process to offset the fracturing device, resulting in the device being unable to act on the target position, affecting the stability and accuracy of the fracturing operation, and the backflow of the oil well after fracturing backflows into the interior of the fracturing device, causing damage to the interior of the fracturing device. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide a multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a multi-stage pulse perforating and fracturing composite device, comprising a protective shell, a gravity weight fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell, a connecting block 1 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell, a guide mechanism provided inside the protective shell, and further comprising:

[0007] The protective mechanism is arranged on the outer wall of the protective shell, and the protective mechanism includes a protective plate, the outer wall of the protective plate is fixedly connected to a guide block, the outer wall of the guide block is fixedly connected to a spring, the outer wall of the protective plate is provided with a hinge groove 1, the inner wall of the hinge groove 1 is connected to a connecting plate through a rotating shaft hinge, the outer wall of the protective plate is provided with a hinge groove 2, the wall of the hinge groove 2 is connected to a support plate through a rotating shaft hinge, and the support plate is hinged to a positioning plate 2 away from one end of the protective plate through a hinge block hinge, the outer wall of the positioning plate 2 is fixedly connected to an anti-sliding block, the positioning plate 2 is used to contact the oil well wall and position and support the fracturing device, the anti-sliding block is supported and embedded in the oil well wall by the positioning plate 2, so as to prevent the positioning plate 2 from deflecting due to vibration, and the positioning plate 2 is arc-shaped, which matches the arc shape of the protective shell and adjusts the arc surface of the positioning plate 2 through the inner wall of the oil well.

[0008] According to the above technical solution, a recovery groove is provided on the outer wall of the protective shell, a guide groove 1 is provided at the bottom of the wall of the recovery groove, a notch is provided on the outer wall of the protective shell, a docking groove is provided on the inner wall of the protective shell, a guide hole 1 is provided at the bottom of the wall of the docking groove, and the recovery groove is used to recover the positioning plate 2.

[0009] According to the above technical solution, the guide mechanism includes an inner sleeve, the inner wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a guide groove 2, a guide assembly is arranged inside the guide groove 2, the inner wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a connecting groove, the connecting groove wall is slidably connected with a positioning plate 1, the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 is fixedly connected with a positioning block, the inner wall of the inner sleeve is provided with a guide groove 3, the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 is fixedly connected with a connecting block 2, the outer wall of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected with a support block, the connecting groove passes through the inner wall of the inner sleeve, and is used to guide the positioning plate 1, the positioning plate 1 is used to contact the wall of the oil well, support and fix the fracturing device, and the positioning block is used to embed into the wall of the oil well, and fix the positioning plate 1.

[0010] According to the above technical solution, the guide assembly includes a docking block, the outer wall of the docking block is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second guide groove, the inner wall of the docking block is slidably connected to a sliding plate, the outer wall of the docking block is provided with a second guide hole, the outer wall of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve, the outer wall of the sliding plate is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod, the other end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the docking block, the second guide hole is used to guide the fracturing gas, and the guide sleeve is used to concentrate the fracturing gas.

[0011] According to the above technical solution, the inner wall of the connecting plate is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the second connecting block through a rotating shaft, the outer wall of the connecting plate slides along the groove wall of the slot, the outer wall of the support plate slides along the groove wall of the guide groove one, the inner wall of the second positioning plate slides along the groove wall of the recovery groove, the outer wall of the guide block is slidably connected to the groove wall of the third guide groove, the end of the spring 307 away from the guide block 306 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the third guide groove 206, the inner wall of the protective plate slides along the outer wall of the inner sleeve, the outer wall of the protective plate slides along the inner wall of the protective shell, the protective plate slides in the direction of the positioning plate one, the outer wall of the protective plate is plugged into the outer wall of the positioning plate one, the connecting plate is used to support and guide the positioning plate one, the connecting plate is used to drive the protective plate to slide on the outer wall of the inner sleeve, and the protective plate is used to protect and isolate the guide sleeve.

[0012] According to the above technical solution, the wall of the docking groove is plugged into the outer wall of the docking block, the wall of the guide hole 1 is plugged into the outer wall of the guide sleeve, the wall of the slot is slidably connected to the outer wall of the positioning plate 2, the guide hole 1 is used to guide the guide sleeve, and the docking groove is used to limit the docking block.

[0013] According to the above technical solution, the outer wall of the inner sleeve is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting block, the support block is arranged inside the guide groove to support the support plate, and the oil well is fractured by arranging a multi-stage pulse device inside the inner sleeve.

[0014] According to the above technical solution, the telescopic rod is elastic and is used to drive the sliding plate to slide and reset on the inner wall of the docking block. The position of the second guide hole is on the same axis as the guide sleeve. The outer wall of the docking block contacts the inner wall of the protective plate. The second guide hole is used to guide the fracturing gas.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] 1. The multi-stage pulse perforating fracturing composite device supports and positions the fracturing device through a protective mechanism, so that the fracturing device is positioned at the center of the oil well at the moment of fracturing the oil well, and prevents the impact force from squeezing the fracturing device, causing the fracturing device to deviate from the preset fracturing position and affect the fracturing effect. At the same time, the guide sleeve is promptly protected after the fracturing is completed to prevent the backflow after the oil well is fracturing from entering the interior of the fracturing device and causing damage to the fracturing device.

[0017] 2. The multi-stage pulse perforation fracturing composite device guides the fracturing gas through a guide mechanism, making the impact force of the fracturing device perforating more concentrated. At the same time, the fracturing device is fixed and supported at the moment of fracturing to prevent the impact force generated during the fracturing process from causing the fracturing device to deviate from the preset fracturing position and affect the fracturing effect. After the perforation fracturing is completed, the gas is quickly recovered into the fracturing device to prevent the oil from flowing back into the fracturing device after the oil well is fracturing.

[0018] 3. The multi-stage pulse perforating and fracturing composite device guides the fracturing gas through the guide assembly, making the fracturing device more concentrated during the perforating process. At the same time, the guide sleeve extends out of the fracturing device to guide the fracturing gas, so that the fracturing gas is more accurately aligned with the oil well hole for perforating and fracturing, thereby increasing the fracturing effect of the fracturing device on the oil well.

[0019] 4. The multi-stage pulse perforating fracturing composite device supports and positions the fracturing device through the contact of the positioning plate 2 with the oil well wall during the fracturing process. At the same time, after the arc-shaped positioning plate 2 is in contact with the oil well wall and supports it, the positioning plate 2 is adjusted according to the oil well wall to make the positioning plate 2 fit more closely, positioning the fracturing device more accurately, and fixing the fracturing device more firmly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 2 ;

[0022] Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 The structure of the present invention is schematically shown Figure 3 ;

[0024] Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the guide mechanism of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 It is a structural schematic diagram of the guide mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 It is a structural schematic diagram of the protection mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 It is a cross-sectional view of the guide assembly of the present invention.

[0028] In the figure: 1. Protective shell; 101. Gravity drop; 102. Connecting block 1; 103. Recovery groove; 104. Guide groove 1; 105. Notch; 106. Docking groove; 107. Guide hole 1; 2. Guide mechanism; 201. Inner sleeve; 202. Guide groove 2; 203. Positioning plate 1; 204. Connecting block 2; 205. Positioning block; 206. Guide groove 3; 207. Connecting groove; 208. Support block; 3. Protective mechanism; 301. Protective plate; 302. Hinge groove 1; 303. Connecting plate; 304. Hinge groove 2; 305. Support plate; 306. Guide block; 307. Spring; 308. Positioning plate 2; 309. Anti-sliding block; 4. Guide assembly; 401. Docking block; 402. Guide hole 2; 403. Sliding plate; 404. Guide sleeve; 405. Telescopic rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0029] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] For example 1, please refer to Figures 1-4 and Figure 7 The present invention provides a technical solution: a multi-stage pulse perforating and fracturing composite device, including a protective shell 1, a gravity sinker 101 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell 1, a connecting block 102 fixedly connected to the outer wall of the protective shell 1, a guide mechanism 2 provided inside the protective shell 1, and further comprising:

[0031] The protective mechanism 3 is arranged on the outer wall of the protective shell 1. The protective mechanism 3 includes a protective plate 301. The outer wall of the protective plate 301 is fixedly connected with a guide block 306. The outer wall of the guide block 306 is fixedly connected with a spring 307. The outer wall of the protective plate 301 is provided with a hinge groove 1 302. The inner wall of the hinge groove 1 302 is connected to the connecting plate 303 through a rotating shaft hinge. The outer wall of the protective plate 301 is provided with a hinge groove 2 304. The wall of the hinge groove 2 304 is connected to a support plate 305 through a rotating shaft hinge. The support plate 305 is connected to a positioning plate 2 308 through a hinge block hinge at one end away from the protective plate 301. The outer wall of the positioning plate 2 308 is fixedly connected with an anti-sliding block 309. The positioning plate 2 308 is used to contact the well wall of the oil well to position and support the fracturing device. The slider 309 is supported by the second positioning plate 308 and embedded in the wall of the oil well to prevent the second positioning plate 308 from being offset due to vibration. The second positioning plate 308 is arc-shaped, which matches the arc shape of the protective shell 1. At the same time, the arc surface of the second positioning plate 308 is adjusted through the inner wall of the oil well. When the multi-stage pulse perforating fracturing composite device is put into use, the fracturing device connecting block 102 is connected to the conveying equipment, and the gravity drop 101 is used to put the fracturing device into the oil well. When the fracturing device is put into the preset position of the oil well, the multi-stage pulse device set inside the inner sleeve 201 sends pulses to the cracks in the wall of the oil well for fracturing. After the pulse is sent, the pulse airflow drives the positioning plate 1 203 to slide on the inner wall of the connecting groove 207 and is guided by the notch 105. The positioning plate 1 203 protrudes The outer wall of the protective shell 1 contacts the wall of the oil well. The positioning block 205 is supported by the positioning plate 1 203 and embedded in the wall of the oil well, so that the positioning plate 1 203 fixes the fracturing device in the vertical direction through the positioning block 205. During the sliding process of the positioning plate 1 203 toward the wall of the oil well, the positioning plate 1 203 is hinged with the connecting plate 303 to drive the protective plate 301 to slide toward the positioning plate 1 203 on the inner wall of the protective shell 1. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the guide block 306 to compress the spring 307 and slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 3 206, so that the protective plate 301 releases the protection of the docking block 401. The docking block 401 is driven by the pulse to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 202, protruding from the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 and plugging into the docking groove 106. The fracturing pulse passes through the guide The guide plate 301 is guided toward the second hole 402, driving the sliding plate 403 to compress the telescopic rod 405 and slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401, so that the guide sleeve 404 is guided through the guide hole 107 and protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1, and the fracturing gas is emitted through the guide sleeve 404 to fractur e the cracks in the wall of the oil well. During the sliding process of the protective plate 301 toward the positioning plate 1 203, the outer wall of the support plate 305 contacts the outer wall of the support block 208, so that the support plate 305 drives the second positioning plate 308 to leave the recovery tank 103 and contact the wall of the oil well. After the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 contacts the wall of the oil well, the support plate 305 supports the second positioning plate 308, so that the second positioning plate 308 is hinged with the support plate 305 as the support point.The direction is adjusted so that the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 fits more closely to the wall of the oil well, and the fracturing device is positioned at the center of the oil well. At the same time, the second positioning plate 308 is supported by the support plate 305, so that the anti-sliding plate 309 is embedded in the wall of the oil well, so that the second positioning plate 308 supports and fixes the fracturing device through the support plate 305. After the second positioning plate 308 is fixed to the wall of the oil well, the outer wall of the protective plate 301 contacts the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 203 and is plugged into the positioning plate 1 203 to fix and support the positioning plate 1 203. After the pulse emission of the fracturing device is completed, the guide sleeve 404 discharges the pulse gas inside the inner sleeve 201, and then squeezes the sliding plate 403 to slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401 through the telescopic rod 405, driving the guide sleeve 404 to retract into the docking block 401, and the spring 307 squeezes the guide block 306 slides on the inner wall of the guide groove three 206, driving the protective plate 301 to close the outlet of the guide sleeve 404, isolating the guide sleeve 404 from the outside of the protective shell 1, and preventing the oil well from backflowing into the guide sleeve 404 after the fracturing is completed, causing damage to the multi-stage pulse device. During the resetting process, the protective plate 301 limits the support plate 305 through the guide groove one 104, so that the support plate 305 drives the positioning plate two 308 to be recovered into the recovery groove 103. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the positioning plate one 203 to slide in the connecting groove 207 through the connecting plate 303, so that the positioning plate one 203 is retracted into the inner sleeve 201. After the positioning plate one 203 and the positioning plate two 308 are reset, the fixation of the fracturing device is released, and the fracturing device is pumped to move the fracturing device to the next preset position for the next fracturing.

[0032] The outer wall of the protective shell 1 is provided with a recovery groove 103, the bottom of the recovery groove 103 is provided with a guide groove 104, the outer wall of the protective shell 1 is provided with a notch 105, the inner wall of the protective shell 1 is provided with a docking groove 106, the bottom of the docking groove 106 is provided with a guide hole 107, the recovery groove 103 is used to recover the positioning plate 2 308, after the pulse is emitted, the positioning plate 1 203 supports and positions the fracturing device, and during the sliding process of the protective plate 301 toward the positioning plate 1 203, the support plate 30 The outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 contacts the outer wall of the support block 208, so that the support plate 305 drives the second positioning plate 308 to leave the recovery tank 103 and contact the wall of the oil well. After the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 contacts the wall of the oil well due to the arc shape of the second positioning plate 308, the second positioning plate 308 is supported by the support plate 305, so that the second positioning plate 308 is hinged at the support plate 305 as a support point and the direction is adjusted, so that the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 is more closely fitted to the wall of the oil well, and the fracturing device is positioned in the oil well. At the center of the well, the second positioning plate 308 is supported by the support plate 305, so that the anti-sliding block 309 is embedded in the wall of the oil well, so that the second positioning plate 308 supports and fixes the fracturing device through the support plate 305. After the second positioning plate 308 is fixed to the wall of the oil well, the outer wall of the protective plate 301 contacts the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 203 and is plugged into the positioning plate 1 203 to fix and support the positioning plate 1 203. After the fracturing device completes the fracturing of the oil well, the protective plate 301 is in the process of resetting. The support plate 305 is limited by the guide groove 104, so that the support plate 305 drives the positioning plate 2 308 to be recovered into the recovery groove 103. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the positioning plate 1 203 to slide in the connecting groove 207 through the connecting plate 303, so that the positioning plate 1 203 is retracted into the inner sleeve 201. After the positioning plate 1 203 and the positioning plate 2 308 are reset, the fixation of the fracturing device is released, and the fracturing device is pulled to move the fracturing device to the next preset position for the next fracturing.

[0033] The inner wall of the connecting plate 303 is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting block 204 through a rotating shaft. The outer wall of the connecting plate 303 slides along the groove wall of the notch 105, the outer wall of the support plate 305 slides along the groove wall of the guide groove 104, the inner wall of the positioning plate 208 slides along the groove wall of the recovery groove 103, the outer wall of the guide block 306 is slidably connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 3 206, and the end of the spring 307 away from the guide block 306 is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 3 206. The inner wall of the protective plate 301 slides along the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201, the outer wall of the protective plate 301 slides along the inner wall of the protective shell 1, and the protective plate 301 slides toward the positioning plate 1 203. The outer wall of the protective plate 301 is plugged into the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 203. The connecting plate 303 is used to support and guide the positioning plate 1 203. The connecting plate 303 is used to support and guide the positioning plate 1 The protective plate 301 is driven to slide on the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201. The protective plate 301 is used to protect and isolate the guide sleeve 404. After the fracturing device sends a pulse, the pulse airflow drives the positioning plate 1 203 to slide on the inner wall of the connecting groove 207 and is guided by the notch 105. The positioning plate 1 203 protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1 and contacts the wall of the oil well. The positioning block 205 is supported by the positioning plate 1 203 and embedded in the wall of the oil well, so that the positioning plate 1 203 fixes the fracturing device in the vertical direction through the positioning block 205. During the sliding process of the positioning plate 1 203 toward the wall of the oil well, the positioning plate 1 203 is hinged with the connecting plate 303, driving the protective plate 301 to slide on the inner wall of the protective shell 1 toward the positioning plate 1 203. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the guide block 3 06 compression spring 307 slides on the inner wall of guide groove three 206, so that the protective plate 301 releases the protection of the docking block 401. The docking block 401 is driven by the pulse to slide on the inner wall of guide groove two 202, protruding from the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 and plugging into the docking groove 106. The fracturing pulse is guided by the guide hole two 402, driving the sliding plate 403 to compress the telescopic rod 405 and slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401, so that the guide sleeve 404 is guided by the guide hole one 107 and protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1, and the fracturing gas is emitted through the guide sleeve 404 to fractur e the cracks in the wall of the oil well. During the sliding process of the protective plate 301 toward the positioning plate one 203, the outer wall of the support plate 305 contacts the outer wall of the support block 208, so that the support plate 305 drives the positioning plate two 30 8 leaves the recovery tank 103 and contacts the oil well wall. After the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 contacts the oil well wall through the arc shape of the second positioning plate 308, the second positioning plate 308 is supported by the support plate 305, so that the second positioning plate 308 is hinged with the support plate 305 as the support point, and the direction is adjusted so that the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 is more closely fitted to the oil well wall, and the fracturing device is positioned at the center of the oil well. At the same time, the second positioning plate 308 is supported by the support plate 305, so that the anti-sliding block 309 is embedded in the oil well wall, so that the second positioning plate 308 supports and fixes the fracturing device through the support plate 305. After the second positioning plate 308 is fixed to the oil well wall, the outer wall of the protective plate 301 contacts the outer wall of the first positioning plate 203 and is plugged into the first positioning plate 203.The positioning plate 1 203 is fixedly supported. After the pulse emission of the fracturing device is completed, the guide sleeve 404 discharges the pulse gas inside the inner sleeve 201. The sliding plate 403 is squeezed by the telescopic rod 405 to slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401, driving the guide sleeve 404 to retract into the docking block 401. The spring 307 squeezes the guide block 306 to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 3 206, driving the protective plate 301 to close the outlet of the guide sleeve 404, isolating the guide sleeve 404 from the outside of the protective shell 1, and preventing backflow into the guide sleeve 404 after the oil well fracturing is completed, causing damage to the multi-stage pulse device;

[0034] The wall of the docking groove 106 is plugged into the outer wall of the docking block 401, the wall of the guide hole 107 is plugged into the outer wall of the guide sleeve 404, the wall of the slot 105 is slidably connected to the outer wall of the positioning plate 2 308, the guide hole 107 is used to guide the guide sleeve 404, and the docking groove 106 is used to limit the docking block 401. After the fracturing device sends a pulse, the pulse airflow drives the positioning plate 1 203 to slide on the inner wall of the connecting groove 207 and is guided by the slot 105. The positioning plate 1 203 protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1 and contacts the wall of the oil well. The positioning block 205 is supported by the positioning plate 1 203 and embedded in the wall of the oil well, so that the positioning plate 1 203 fixes the fracturing device in the vertical direction through the positioning block 205. During the sliding process of the positioning plate 1 203 toward the wall of the oil well, The positioning plate 203 is hinged with the connecting plate 303, driving the protective plate 301 to slide on the inner wall of the protective shell 1 toward the positioning plate 203. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the guide block 306 to compress the spring 307 to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 3 206, so that the protective plate 301 releases the protection of the docking block 401. The docking block 401 is driven by the pulse to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 202, protruding from the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 and plugging into the docking groove 106. The fracturing pulse is guided by the guide hole 202, driving the sliding plate 403 to compress the telescopic rod 405 to slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401, so that the guide sleeve 404 is guided by the guide hole 107 and protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1, and the fracturing gas is emitted through the guide sleeve 404 to fractur the cracks in the well wall of the oil well.

[0035] Example 2, based on Example 1, please refer to Figure 5-Figure 6The present invention provides a technical solution: the guide mechanism 2 includes an inner sleeve 201, the inner wall of the inner sleeve 201 is provided with a guide groove 202, the guide groove 202 is provided with a guide assembly 4, the inner wall of the inner sleeve 201 is provided with a connecting groove 207, the connecting groove 207 is slidably connected to the groove wall of the positioning plate 1 203, the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 203 is fixedly connected to the positioning block 205, the inner wall of the inner sleeve 201 is provided with a guide groove 3 206, the outer wall of the positioning plate 1 203 is fixedly connected to the connecting block 204, the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to the support block 208, the connecting groove 207 runs through the inner sleeve 20 1 inner wall, used to guide the positioning plate 1 203, the positioning plate 1 203 is used to contact the oil well wall, support and fix the fracturing device, the positioning block 205 is used to embed into the oil well wall, fix the positioning plate 1 203, after the fracturing device sends a pulse, the pulse airflow drives the positioning plate 1 203 to slide on the inner wall of the connecting groove 207, and is guided by the notch 105, the positioning plate 1 203 protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1, contacts the oil well wall, the positioning block 205 is supported by the positioning plate 1 203, embedded into the oil well wall, so that the positioning plate 1 203 can press the fracturing device through the positioning block 205. The cracking device is fixed in the vertical direction. During the sliding process of the positioning plate 1 203 toward the wall of the oil well, the positioning plate 1 203 is hinged with the connecting plate 303 to drive the protective plate 301 to slide toward the positioning plate 1 203 on the inner wall of the protective shell 1. The outer wall of the support plate 305 contacts the outer wall of the support block 208, so that the support plate 305 drives the positioning plate 2 308 to leave the recovery tank 103 and contact the wall of the oil well. After the outer wall of the positioning plate 2 308 contacts the wall of the oil well through the arc shape of the positioning plate 2 308, the positioning plate 2 308 is supported by the support plate 305. The second positioning plate 308 is hinged at the support plate 305 as a support point, and the direction is adjusted so that the outer wall of the second positioning plate 308 is more closely fitted to the oil well wall, and the fracturing device is positioned at the center of the oil well. At the same time, the second positioning plate 308 is supported by the support plate 305, so that the anti-sliding block 309 is embedded in the oil well wall, so that the second positioning plate 308 supports and fixes the fracturing device through the support plate 305. After the second positioning plate 308 is fixed to the oil well wall, the outer wall of the protective plate 301 contacts the outer wall of the first positioning plate 203 and is plugged into the first positioning plate 203 to fix and support the first positioning plate 203;

[0036] The outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting block 102, and the support block 208 is arranged inside the guide groove 104 to support the support plate 305. The inner sleeve 201 is provided with a multi-stage pulse device to fracture the oil well. After the multi-stage pulse device emits a pulse, the positioning plate 1 203 contacts the wall of the oil well to lock the vertical direction of the fracturing device in the oil well. At the same time, the positioning plate 1 203 is hingedly connected to the connecting plate 303 through the connecting block 204, driving the protective plate 301 to move from the inner wall of the protective shell 1 to the positioning plate 2 03 direction sliding, the outer wall of the support plate 305 contacts the outer wall of the support block 208, so that the support plate 305 drives the positioning plate 2 308 to leave the recovery tank 103 and contact the wall of the oil well, and through the arc shape of the positioning plate 2 308, the outer wall of the positioning plate 2 308 contacts the wall of the oil well, and through the support of the support plate 305 on the positioning plate 2 308, the positioning plate 2 308 is supported, and the direction of the positioning plate 2 308 is adjusted with the support plate 305 hinged as the support point, so that the outer wall of the positioning plate 2 308 is more in line with the wall of the oil well, and the fracturing device is positioned at the center of the oil well.

[0037] Example 3, based on Example 1 and Example 2, please refer to Figure 8 The present invention provides a technical solution: the guide assembly 4 includes a docking block 401, the outer wall of the docking block 401 is slidably connected to the inner wall of the guide groove 202, the inner wall of the docking block 401 is slidably connected to a sliding plate 403, the outer wall of the docking block 401 is provided with a guide hole 202, the outer wall of the sliding plate 403 is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve 404, the outer wall of the sliding plate 403 is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod 405, the other end of the telescopic rod 405 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the docking block 401, the guide hole 202 is used to guide the fracturing gas, and the guide sleeve 404 is used to concentrate the fracturing gas. After the fracturing device sends a pulse, the positioning plate 1 203 contacts the wall of the oil well, so that the positioning plate 1 203 fixes the fracturing device in the vertical direction in the oil well, and the positioning plate 1 203 slides toward the wall of the oil well. During the process, the positioning plate 1 203 is hinged with the connecting plate 303, driving the protective plate 301 to slide on the inner wall of the protective shell 1 toward the positioning plate 1 203. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the guide block 306 to compress the spring 307 and slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 3 206, so that the protective plate 301 releases the protection of the docking block 401. The docking block 401 is driven by the pulse to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 202, protruding from the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 and plugging into the docking groove 106. The fracturing pulse is guided by the guide hole 202, driving the sliding plate 403 to compress the telescopic rod 405 and slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401, so that the guide sleeve 404 is guided through the guide hole 107 and protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1, and the fracturing gas is emitted through the guide sleeve 404 to fractur e the cracks in the well wall of the oil well.

[0038] The telescopic rod 405 is elastic and is used to drive the sliding plate 403 to slide and reset on the inner wall of the docking block 401. The guide hole 2 402 is opened at the same axis as the guide sleeve 404. The outer wall of the docking block 401 contacts the inner wall of the protective plate 301. The guide hole 2 402 is used to guide the fracturing gas. The protective plate 301 slides on the inner wall of the protective shell 1 toward the positioning plate 1 203. At the same time, the protective plate 301 drives the guide block 306 to compress the spring 307 and slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 3 206, so that the protective plate 301 releases the protection of the docking block 401. The docking block 401 is driven by the pulse to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 202, protruding from the outer wall of the inner sleeve 201 and plugging into the docking groove 106. The fracturing pulse is guided by the guide hole 2 402, driving the sliding plate 403 to compress the spring 307. The telescopic rod 405 slides on the inner wall of the docking block 401, so that the guide sleeve 404 is guided through the guide hole 107 and protrudes from the outer wall of the protective shell 1, and the fracturing gas is emitted through the guide sleeve 404 to fractur the cracks in the well wall of the oil well. After the pulse emission of the fracturing device is completed, the guide sleeve 404 discharges the pulse gas inside the inner sleeve 201, and then squeezes the sliding plate 403 to slide on the inner wall of the docking block 401 through the telescopic rod 405, driving the guide sleeve 404 to retract into the docking block 401. The spring 307 squeezes the guide block 306 to slide on the inner wall of the guide groove 3 206, driving the protective plate 301 to close the outlet of the guide sleeve 404, isolating the guide sleeve 404 from the outside of the protective shell 1, and preventing backflow into the guide sleeve 404 after the oil well fracturing is completed, causing damage to the multi-stage pulse device.

[0039] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device, comprising a protective shell (1), wherein the outer wall of the protective shell (1) is fixedly connected to a gravity sinker (101), and the outer wall of the protective shell (1) is fixedly connected to a connecting block (102), characterized in that: The protective shell (1) is provided with a guide mechanism (2) inside, and further comprises: A protective mechanism (3), the protective mechanism (3) being arranged on the outer wall of the protective shell (1), the protective mechanism (3) comprising a protective plate (301), the outer wall of the protective plate (301) being fixedly connected to a guide block (306), the outer wall of the guide block (306) being fixedly connected to a spring (307), the outer wall of the protective plate (301) being provided with a hinge groove 1 (302), the inner wall of the hinge groove 1 (302) being connected to a connecting plate (303) via a rotating shaft hinge, the outer wall of the protective plate (301) being provided with a hinge groove 2 (304), the groove wall of the hinge groove 2 (304) being connected to a support plate (305) via a rotating shaft hinge. ), the support plate (305) is connected to the second positioning plate (308) through a hinge block at one end away from the protective plate (301), and the outer wall of the second positioning plate (308) is fixedly connected to the anti-sliding block (309), and the second positioning plate (308) is used to contact the wall of the oil well and position and support the fracturing device. The anti-sliding block (309) is embedded in the wall of the oil well through the support of the second positioning plate (308) to prevent the second positioning plate (308) from being offset due to vibration. The second positioning plate (308) is in an arc shape, which matches the arc shape of the protective shell (1) and adjusts the arc surface of the second positioning plate (308) through the inner wall of the oil well; The guide mechanism (2) comprises an inner sleeve (201), the inner wall of the inner sleeve (201) is provided with a second guide groove (202), the inner wall of the inner sleeve (201) is provided with a connecting groove (207), the groove wall of the connecting groove (207) is slidably connected to a first positioning plate (203), the outer wall of the first positioning plate (203) is fixedly connected to a positioning block (205), the inner wall of the inner sleeve (201) is provided with a third guide groove (206), the outer wall of the first positioning plate (203) is fixedly connected to a second connecting block (204), the outer wall of the inner sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to a supporting block (208), the connecting groove (207) passes through the inner wall of the inner sleeve (201) and is used to guide the first positioning plate (203), the first positioning plate (203) is used to contact the wall of the oil well and support and fix the fracturing device, and the positioning block (205) is used to embed into the wall of the oil well and fix the first positioning plate (203).

2. The multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the protective shell (1) is provided with a recovery groove (103), the bottom of the groove wall of the recovery groove (103) is provided with a guide groove (104), the outer wall of the protective shell (1) is provided with a notch (105), the inner wall of the protective shell (1) is provided with a docking groove (106), the bottom of the groove wall of the docking groove (106) is provided with a guide hole (107), and the recovery groove (103) is used to recover the second positioning plate (308).

3. The multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A guide assembly (4) is provided inside the second guide groove (202), and the guide assembly (4) includes a docking block (401), the outer wall of the docking block (401) is slidably connected to the inner wall of the second guide groove (202), the inner wall of the docking block (401) is slidably connected to a sliding plate (403), the outer wall of the docking block (401) is provided with a second guide hole (402), the outer wall of the sliding plate (403) is fixedly connected to a guide sleeve (404), the outer wall of the sliding plate (403) is fixedly connected to a telescopic rod (405), the other end of the telescopic rod (405) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the docking block (401), the second guide hole (402) is used to guide the fracturing gas, and the guide sleeve (404) is used to concentrate the fracturing gas.

4. The multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner wall of the connecting plate (303) is hingedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting block 2 (204) via a rotating shaft. The outer wall of the connecting plate (303) slides along the groove wall of the notch (105). The outer wall of the supporting plate (305) slides along the groove wall of the guide groove 1 (104). The inner wall of the positioning plate 2 (308) slides along the groove wall of the recovery groove (103). The outer wall of the guide block (306) is slidably connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 3 (206). The end of the spring (307) away from the guide block (306) is fixedly connected to the groove wall of the guide groove 3 (206). The protective plate The inner wall of (301) slides along the outer wall of the inner sleeve (201), the outer wall of the protective plate (301) slides along the inner wall of the protective shell (1), the protective plate (301) slides in the direction of the positioning plate (203), the outer wall of the protective plate (301) is plugged into the outer wall of the positioning plate (203), the connecting plate (303) is used to support and guide the positioning plate (203), the connecting plate (303) is used to drive the protective plate (301) to slide on the outer wall of the inner sleeve (201), and the protective plate (301) is used to protect and isolate the guide sleeve (404).

5. The multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wall of the docking groove (106) is plugged into the outer wall of the docking block (401), the wall of the guide hole 1 (107) is plugged into the outer wall of the guide sleeve (404), the wall of the slot (105) is slidably connected to the outer wall of the positioning plate 2 (308), the guide hole 1 (107) is used to guide the guide sleeve (404), and the docking groove (106) is used to limit the docking block (401).

6. The multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The outer wall of the inner sleeve (201) is fixedly connected to the outer wall of the connecting block (102), and the supporting block (208) is arranged inside the guide groove (104) to support the supporting plate (305). The inner sleeve (201) is provided with a multi-stage pulse device to fracture the oil well.

7. The multi-stage pulse perforation and fracturing composite device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The telescopic rod (405) is elastic and is used to drive the sliding plate (403) to slide and reset on the inner wall of the docking block (401). The opening position of the second guide hole (402) is on the same axis as the guide sleeve (404). The outer wall of the docking block (401) contacts the inner wall of the protective plate (301). The second guide hole (402) is used to guide the fracturing gas.

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