A spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction and its application method

Abstract

This invention discloses a spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction and its usage method, comprising a spraying mechanism and a dust suppression mechanism. The spraying mechanism includes a support ring frame, with several inclined bracing grooves hinged to the outer periphery of the support ring frame. The mounting grooves of the inclined bracing grooves point parallel to their hinge axes. A diverter pipe is installed in the mounting grooves of the inclined bracing grooves. An outer support cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the inner periphery of the support ring frame, and a pusher cylinder is movably sleeved inside the outer support cylinder. An inclined bracing transmission rod is hinged between the end of the pusher cylinder and the middle of each inclined bracing groove. The dust suppression mechanism includes a first trolley and a second trolley. A dust suppression square cylinder is installed on the first trolley. Several sealing frames are coaxially arranged in the upper chamber of the dust suppression square cylinder. A filter screen is rotatably connected to the sealing frame. The sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly distributed at various three-dimensional points in the tunnel, which can fully combine with the dust at each point and avoid concentration in a certain area, resulting in poor combination efficiency.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of tunnel construction equipment technology, specifically a spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During tunnel and road construction, drilling, blasting, and mechanical operations generate a large amount of dust, which poses a serious threat to the health of construction workers. Therefore, spray dust suppression devices are required during tunnel and road construction.

[0003] Application document CN116753020A discloses a dust removal device for tunnel construction, including: a shell, a sliding groove, and a water tank. The upper inner surface of the shell is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the sliding groove, and the lower inner surface of the shell is fixedly connected to the lower surface of the water tank. A support plate is fixedly connected to the back of the sliding groove, and a motor is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the support plate. A vertical rotation mechanism is mounted on the shell and is used to drive the spraying device to move up and down and rotate to spray water mist around. A water spraying mechanism is mounted on the shell and is used to draw liquid from the water tank into the spraying device. A blower mechanism is mounted on the shell and is used to make the water mist cover a wider area. The device also includes a moving and fixing mechanism mounted on the shell and is used to move and fix the device.

[0004] Based on the aforementioned patents and existing technologies, the following questions arise:

[0005] Problem 1: Due to the lack of components that are compatible with the tunnel structure and size, there are blind spots in the tunnel dust removal process, which are easy to miss, affecting the health of construction workers and resulting in poor construction results.

[0006] Question 2: Because the dust removal components need to be replaced frequently, the dust suppression time is limited, and the concentration of continuously generated dust cannot be effectively reduced in a timely manner, resulting in poor working performance;

[0007] Question 3: Because the dust filter components are often clogged by dust, their service life is relatively short, and they need to be replaced more frequently than other components, resulting in lower work efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to address the aforementioned problems and shortcomings by providing a spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction, thereby improving overall work efficiency.

[0009] This invention solves at least one of the following technical problems:

[0010] (1) There are blind spots in the tunnel dust removal process, which are easy to miss, affecting the health of construction workers and resulting in poor construction effect;

[0011] (2) The dust suppression time is limited, and the concentration of continuously generated dust cannot be effectively reduced in a timely manner, resulting in poor work performance;

[0012] (3) The service life of the dust filter component is relatively short and the replacement frequency is higher than that of other components, resulting in lower work efficiency.

[0013] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solution: A spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction, comprising a spray mechanism and a dust suppression mechanism. The spray mechanism includes a support ring frame, with several inclined bracing grooves hinged to the outer periphery of the support ring frame. The mounting grooves of the inclined bracing grooves point parallel to their hinge axes. A diverter pipe is installed in the mounting grooves of the inclined bracing grooves. An outer support cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the inner periphery of the support ring frame. A pusher cylinder is movably sleeved inside the outer support cylinder. An inclined bracing transmission rod is hinged between the end of the pusher cylinder and the middle of each inclined bracing groove. The dust suppression mechanism includes a first trolley and a second trolley. A dust suppression square cylinder is installed on the first trolley. The dust suppression square cylinder is divided into upper and lower compartments by a partition plate. Several sealing frames are coaxially arranged in the upper compartment of the dust suppression square cylinder. A filter screen is rotatably connected to the sealing frame. The inclined bracing grooves are evenly distributed at equal angles, and the aperture of each filter screen gradually decreases from one side to the other.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the invention, a lead screw slide is installed on one side of the upper surface of the dust collector cylinder, and a limiting slide is installed on the other side. A connecting ring frame is installed on the movable end of the lead screw slide, and a first mounting box is slidably connected to the limiting slide. A second mounting box is installed on the first mounting box. An outer support cylinder passes through the second mounting box and the connecting ring frame and is rotatably connected to both. A support sleeve is fixedly inserted through the middle of the filter screen plate. A support rotating shaft is inserted through the axis of each support sleeve. A bidirectional fan blade is provided on the side of the filter screen plate with the smallest aperture. A water storage tank is installed on the second trolley. A first guide hood is installed on the side of the water storage tank near the dust collector cylinder. A sealing cylinder is movably fitted inside the end of the dust collector cylinder near the second trolley, and the inner circumference of the dust collector cylinder and the outer circumference of the sealing cylinder form a contact seal. A dust collection bag is provided in the lower compartment of the dust collector cylinder near the sealing cylinder. A third flexible hose is installed on the end of the partition plate near the second trolley, and the third flexible hose is connected to the dust collection bag.

[0015] As a further embodiment of the invention, a first motor is installed inside the first mounting box, a drive sprocket is installed on the drive shaft of the first motor, a driven sprocket is installed on the outer support cylinder, the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket are driven by a transmission chain, a positioning ring frame is installed at one end of the lead screw slide near the limit slide, and the outer support cylinder passes through the positioning ring frame and is slidably sleeved with it.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the invention, an inner support cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the inner circumference of the outer support cylinder, and the inner support cylinder is slidably sleeved on the outer circumference of the push cylinder. A second motor is installed in the inner support cylinder at one end near the second trolley, and a transmission screw is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the second motor. The transmission screw is threaded through the axis of the push cylinder.

[0017] As a further aspect of the invention, a plurality of guide pipes are embedded inside the outer support cylinder. The guide pipes are provided in a plurality of manner and are evenly distributed at equal angles. A guide ring groove is fitted around the outer periphery of the end of the outer support cylinder near the second trolley. The guide ring groove is rotatably and sealed to the outer support cylinder. A plurality of water inlet slots are opened on the outer support cylinder in a uniformly distributed annular array. The guide pipes, water inlet slots and diverter pipes correspond one-to-one. The guide pipes are connected to the guide ring grooves through the water inlet slots. The guide ring grooves are connected to the water storage tank through the first flexible hose. The guide pipes are connected to the corresponding diverter pipes through the second flexible hose.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the invention, one end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade is rotatably connected to the supporting rotating shaft, and the other end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade is equipped with a transmission cylinder. The rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade passes through the transmission cylinder and is rotatably connected to it. A second guide shroud is installed on one side of the top of the transmission cylinder. A first transmission shaft is provided inside the transmission cylinder. The first transmission shaft and the bidirectional fan blade are driven by meshing bevel gears. A third motor is installed in the lower chamber of the dust removal cylinder on the side away from the dust collection bag. One end of the drive shaft of the third motor and the first transmission shaft are driven by meshing bevel gears.

[0019] As a further embodiment of the invention, a speed-reducing gear box is installed at the other end of the drive shaft of the third motor. The speed-reducing gear box contains several meshing speed-reducing gears that reduce speed and increase torque. A second drive shaft is installed at the output end of the speed-reducing gear box. A partition frame is installed in the lower chamber of the dust removal cylinder above the dust collection bag. The partition frame and the second drive shaft are rotatably connected. A battery box is provided between the partition frame and the speed-reducing gear box. Both ends of the support sleeve are supported by corresponding positioning frames installed on the partition plate. The support sleeve is rotatably connected to the positioning frame. A third drive shaft is installed on the side of the positioning frame near the filter screen. The upper end of the third drive shaft is driven by bevel gear meshing with the corresponding support sleeve. The lower end of the third drive shaft is driven by bevel gear meshing with the second drive shaft. A brush cylinder is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the third drive shaft.

[0020] As a further aspect of the invention, air guide plates are installed on both sides of the lower chamber of the dust removal cylinder, with the air guide plates located on both sides of the dust collection bag.

[0021] As a further aspect of the invention, the end of the dust removal cylinder near the sealing cylinder is moved by a telescopic push rod, and the nozzles on each diversion pipe are distributed in an array, with the spacing between adjacent nozzles gradually increasing from the top to the bottom of the diversion pipe.

[0022] A method for operating a spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0023] Step 1: The spraying mechanism and dust removal mechanism are moved to the area inside the tunnel waiting for dust removal by the first trolley and the second trolley. Then the screw slide moves to connect the ring frame, so that the outer support cylinder extends forward. Then the push cylinder moves into the outer support cylinder, opening each inclined support transmission rod in an umbrella shape, so that each inclined support groove rod and the diversion pipe are unfolded in an umbrella shape, and the circumference of the end of the diversion pipe matches the inner diameter of the tunnel.

[0024] Step 2: Water mist is sprayed through each diversion pipe and the external support cylinder is rotated at a uniform speed to ensure that the water mist is sprayed evenly and fills each point. Then, the first and second trolleys move forward synchronously at the same speed, evenly distributing water mist to each section of the tunnel ahead, so that the dust and water mist in each part of the tunnel are fully combined.

[0025] Step 3: During dust removal, the bidirectional fan blades rotate clockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal cylinder away from the second trolley. This allows external dust and mist to be drawn into the dust removal cylinder under the guidance of the first guide hood, and then pass through each filter screen in sequence. The dust is intercepted and enriched according to its diameter. At the same time, the support sleeve rotates, causing the filter screen to rotate, so that all parts of the filter screen are fully utilized.

[0026] Step 4: After dust removal is completed, the sealing cylinder moves towards the first guide hood until it comes into contact with the first guide hood, forming a seal. Then, the bidirectional fan blades rotate counterclockwise, guiding the airflow inside the dust removal cylinder towards the direction closest to the second trolley. This causes the filtered and concentrated dust to be blown towards the sealing cylinder and introduced into the dust collection bag through the third hose. The dust collection bag then concentrates the dust and removes the air, allowing the filter screen to quickly restore its filtering capacity. Once all the dust has been collected by the dust collection bag, the sealing cylinder is retracted into the dust removal cylinder and the opening of the third hose is covered, thus quickly restoring the dust removal capacity.

[0027] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0028] (1) The dust removal mechanism propels itself and the spray mechanism forward, and cooperates with the spray mechanism to suck up the dust that has been combined with water mist and form a circulating airflow to continuously enrich the dust inside itself. At the same time, it uses its own structural size to reserve a sufficient time interval for the combination of dust and water mist, and increases the number of internal filter screens to improve the dust filtration capacity, thereby eliminating the dust in the tunnel and protecting the construction personnel. When spraying, the inclined bracing and the support ring form an umbrella-shaped structure, and adjust the outer edge size of the inclined bracing according to the inner diameter of different tunnels or the space size of the construction site. At the same time, the outer support cylinder rotates continuously at a constant speed, so that the sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly distributed in each three-dimensional point in the tunnel, which can fully combine with the dust at each point and avoid concentration in a certain area, resulting in poor combination efficiency.

[0029] (2) During dust removal, the bidirectional fan blades rotate clockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal cylinder away from the second trolley. External dust and mist are guided into the dust removal cylinder by the first guide hood and pass through each filter screen in sequence, so that the dust is fully filtered. After dust removal, the sealing cylinder moves towards the first guide hood to abut and form a contact seal. Then, the bidirectional fan blades rotate counterclockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal cylinder towards the second trolley. At this time, the filter screens are arranged with the aperture increasing in the direction of airflow to avoid trapping dust. The filtered and concentrated dust is blown towards the sealed square cylinder and introduced into the dust collection bag through the third hose. The dust is then concentrated in the dust collection bag and the air is exhausted, allowing the filter screen to quickly restore its filtering capacity. Once all the dust has been collected in the dust collection bag, the bidirectional fan blades resume clockwise rotation, and the sealed square cylinder retracts into the dust removal square cylinder and covers the opening of the third hose, thus quickly restoring the dust removal capacity. This allows for continuous, long-term, and high-frequency dust removal, ensuring dust removal effectiveness and protecting the safety of construction workers in the special scenario of tunnel construction.

[0030] (3) During operation, one end of the third motor drives the bidirectional fan blades through the first transmission shaft, thereby adjusting the rotation direction of the bidirectional fan blades. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gear box. Through the transmission of the second and third transmission shafts, each filter screen plate is rotated synchronously, so that the filter screen plate can maintain a uniform utilization rate. The brush cylinder that rotates synchronously with the third transmission shaft wipes the dust on the surface of the filter screen plate to prevent dust from clogging the pores of the filter screen plate. This allows the filter screen plate to quickly restore its filtration capacity and reduces the number of replacements by taking advantage of the long service life of the filter screen plate. This increases the overall on-duty time, ensures the absorption of the accumulated dust, and improves the protection of construction personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0031] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] Figure 1 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention when the shunt tube is closed;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a side view of the overall structure of the present invention when the shunt tube is open;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a side view of the internal structure of the first mounting box of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a side view of the internal structure of the outer support cylinder of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a partial structural side view of the diversion tube of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a side view of the internal structure of the dust removal cylinder during ventilation of the sealed square cylinder of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A sectional view of section AA in the middle;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a side view of the internal structure of the dust removal square tube during the sealing process of the sealing square tube of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 9 for Figure 8 Enlarged view of region B in the middle;

[0041] In the diagram: 101, Support ring frame; 102, Diagonal brace groove rod; 103, Diverter pipe; 104, Outer support cylinder; 105, Pushing cylinder; 106, Diagonal brace transmission rod; 107, First mounting box; 108, Second mounting box; 109, First motor; 110, Drive sprocket; 111, Driven sprocket; 112, Transmission chain; 113, Screw slide; 114, Connecting ring frame; 115, Positioning ring frame; 116, Limiting slide; 117, Inner support cylinder; 118, Second motor; 119, Transmission screw; 120, Guide pipe; 121, Guide ring groove; 122, First hose; 123, Second hose; 124, Water storage tank; 125, Water inlet; 201. 202. First trolley; 203. Second trolley; 204. Dust removal cylinder; 205. Divider plate; 206. Sealing frame; 207. Filter screen; 208. Support sleeve; 209. Support shaft; 200. Bidirectional fan blades; 210. Transmission cylinder; 211. Third motor; 212. First transmission shaft; 213. First air guide; 214. Speed ​​reduction gear box; 215. Second transmission shaft; 216. Positioning frame; 217. Third transmission shaft; 218. Brush cylinder; 219. Battery box; 220. Divider frame; 221. Air guide plate; 222. Dust collection bag; 223. Third hose; 224. Sealing cylinder; 225. Telescopic push rod; 226. Second air guide. Detailed Implementation

[0042] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0043] Please see Figure 1-9 As shown: A spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction includes a spraying mechanism and a dust suppression mechanism. The spraying mechanism includes a support ring frame 101, with several inclined bracing grooves 102 hinged to the outer periphery of the support ring frame 101. The mounting grooves of the inclined bracing grooves 102 point parallel to their hinge axes. A diverter pipe 103 is installed in the mounting groove of the inclined bracing grooves 102. An outer support cylinder 104 is fixedly sleeved on the inner periphery of the support ring frame 101. A pusher cylinder 105 is movably sleeved inside the outer support cylinder 104. The end of the pusher cylinder 105 is connected to each of the inclined bracing grooves 102. The middle of 2 is hinged with a diagonal bracing transmission rod 106. The dust removal mechanism includes a first trolley 201 and a second trolley 202. A dust removal cylinder 203 is installed on the first trolley 201. The dust removal cylinder 203 is divided into upper and lower compartments by a partition plate 204. Several sealing frames 205 are arranged coaxially in the upper compartment of the dust removal cylinder 203. A filter screen plate 206 is rotatably connected to the sealing frame 205. The diagonal bracing rods 102 are evenly distributed at equal angles. The aperture of each filter screen plate 206 gradually decreases from one side to the other.

[0044] In this embodiment, a spray mechanism sprays water into the tunnel, allowing the dust and water mist to fully combine, facilitating subsequent dust removal. The dust removal mechanism propels itself and the spray mechanism forward, working in conjunction to draw in the dust mixed with water mist, creating a circulating airflow that continuously enriches the dust within itself. Simultaneously, its structural dimensions allow sufficient time for the dust and water mist to combine, and the increased number of internal filter plates 206 enhances dust filtration capacity, thereby eliminating dust within the tunnel and protecting construction personnel. During spraying, the inclined support rod 102 and the support ring frame 101 form an umbrella-like structure, adjusting according to the tunnel's inner diameter or construction conditions. The outer edge dimension of the inclined brace 102 is adjusted according to the spatial dimensions of the field. At the same time, the outer support cylinder 104 rotates continuously at a uniform speed, so that the sprayed water mist can be fully and evenly distributed at various three-dimensional points in the tunnel. This ensures that the water mist can fully combine with the dust at each point and avoids concentration in a certain area, which would result in poor combination efficiency. During dust removal, the dust removal cylinder 203 allows the combination process of dust and water mist to take place for a period of time. Then, air is drawn in through the dust removal cylinder 203, allowing the dust and mist to continuously enter the dust removal cylinder 203 with the airflow. The filter screens 206 with different pore sizes filter dust of different diameters, ensuring rapid and thorough filtration of the dust.

[0045] A lead screw slide 113 is installed on one side of the upper surface of the dust collector cylinder 203, and a limit slide 116 is installed on the other side. A connecting ring frame 114 is installed on the movable end of the lead screw slide 113. A first mounting box 107 is slidably connected to the limit slide 116. A second mounting box 108 is installed on the first mounting box 107. An outer support cylinder 104 passes through the second mounting box 108 and the connecting ring frame 114 and is rotatably connected to both. A support sleeve 207 is fixedly inserted through the middle of the filter screen plate 206. A support shaft 208 is inserted through the axis of each support sleeve 207. A bidirectional fan blade 209 is provided on the side of the filter screen plate 206 with the smallest aperture. A water storage tank 124 is installed on the second trolley 202. A first guide hood 213 is installed on the side of the water storage tank 124 near the dust collector cylinder 203. A sealing square tube 224 is movably fitted inside one end of the second trolley 202, and the inner circumference of the dust removal square tube 203 and the outer circumference of the sealing square tube 224 form a contact seal. A dust collection bag 222 is provided in the lower compartment of the dust removal square tube 203 on the side near the sealing square tube 224. A third hose 223 is installed at the end of the partition plate 204 near the second trolley 202. The third hose 223 is connected to the dust collection bag 222. Air guide plates 221 are installed on both sides of the lower compartment of the dust removal square tube 203. The air guide plates 221 are located on both sides of the dust collection bag 222. The end of the dust removal square tube 203 near the sealing square tube 224 is pushed to move the sealing square tube 224 by the telescopic push rod 225. The nozzles on each diversion pipe 103 are distributed in an array, and the spacing between adjacent nozzles gradually increases from the top end to the tail end of the diversion pipe 103.

[0046] In this embodiment, the outer support cylinder 104 is extended or retracted via the lead screw slide 113, thereby reducing the overall structural size and increasing storage capacity during maintenance periods when no work is required. When the diversion pipe 103 needs to be deployed, the lead screw slide 113 extends the outer support cylinder 104 away from the second trolley 202 to avoid interference when the diversion pipe 103 is deployed in an umbrella shape. In this embodiment, the bidirectional fan blades 209 rotate clockwise during dust removal, guiding the airflow in the dust removal cylinder 203 away from the second trolley 202. External dust and mist are guided into the dust removal cylinder 203 by the first guide hood 213 and pass through each filter screen 206 in sequence, ensuring that the dust is fully filtered. After dust removal, the sealing cylinder 224 moves towards the first guide hood 213 to abut, forming a contact seal. Subsequently, the bidirectional fan blades 209... The counter-clockwise rotation guides the airflow within the dust collection cylinder 203 towards the direction closest to the second trolley 202. The increased aperture of the filter screen 206, aligned with the airflow direction, prevents dust trapping, thus blowing the filtered and concentrated dust towards the sealed cylinder 224. The dust is then guided through the third flexible hose 223 into the dust collection bag 222, where it is concentrated and air is expelled. This allows the filter screen 206 to quickly regain its filtration capacity. Once all dust is collected by the dust collection bag 222, the bidirectional fan blades 209 resume clockwise rotation. Simultaneously, the sealed cylinder 224 retracts into the dust collection cylinder 203 and covers the opening of the third flexible hose 223, rapidly restoring dust collection capacity. This allows for continuous, long-term, and high-frequency dust collection, ensuring effective dust removal and protecting the safety of construction workers in the specific context of tunnel construction.

[0047] The first motor 109 is installed in the first mounting box 107. The drive shaft of the first motor 109 is equipped with a drive sprocket 110 and the driven sprocket 111 is installed on the outer support cylinder 104. The drive sprocket 110 and the driven sprocket 111 are driven by the transmission chain 112. The end of the lead screw slide table 113 near the limit slide 116 is equipped with a positioning ring frame 115. The outer support cylinder 104 passes through the positioning ring frame 115 and is slidably sleeved with it.

[0048] In this embodiment, the first motor 109 rotates the drive sprocket 110, which is driven by the driven sprocket 111 and the transmission chain 112, thus rotating the outer support cylinder 104. This keeps the various diverter pipes 103 of the umbrella-shaped structure rotating at a constant speed. At the same time, the first mounting box 107 slides flexibly on the limiting slide rail 116, which is driven by the lead screw slide 113 and supports the various components. The positioning ring frame 115 provides further support to prevent the outer support cylinder 104 from shaking or deviating, thus maintaining stable operation.

[0049] An inner support cylinder 117 is fixedly sleeved on the inner circumference of the outer support cylinder 104. The inner support cylinder 117 is slidably sleeved on the outer circumference of the push cylinder 105. A second motor 118 is installed in the inner support cylinder 117 near the second trolley 202. A transmission screw 119 is installed at the end of the rotating shaft of the second motor 118. The transmission screw 119 is threaded through the shaft of the push cylinder 105.

[0050] In this embodiment, the second motor 118 rotates the transmission screw 119, pushing the jacking cylinder 105 to move accurately, thereby accurately quantifying the expansion angle of the diversion pipe 103 and precisely adapting it to various tunnel inner diameters.

[0051] A plurality of guide pipes 120 are embedded inside the outer support cylinder 104. The guide pipes 120 are provided in a plurality of manner and are evenly distributed at equal angles. A guide ring groove 121 is fitted around the outer periphery of the end of the outer support cylinder 104 near the second trolley 202. The guide ring groove 121 is sealed and rotatably connected to the outer support cylinder 104. A plurality of water inlet slots 125 are opened on the outer support cylinder 104 in a ring array and are evenly distributed. The guide pipes 120, the water inlet slots 125 and the diversion pipes 103 correspond one to one. The guide pipes 120 are connected to the guide ring grooves 121 through the water inlet slots 125. The guide ring grooves 121 are connected to the water storage tank 124 through the first hose 122. The guide pipes 120 are connected to the corresponding diversion pipes 103 through the second hose 123.

[0052] In this embodiment, the water storage tank 124 supplies water to the flow ring groove 121 through the first hose 122. The flow ring groove 121 supplies water to each flow pipe 120 through each corresponding water inlet 125. The sealed rotational connection of the flow ring groove 121 ensures stable water supply even when the outer support cylinder 104 rotates. Then, water is supplied to each corresponding branch pipe 103 through the second hose 123.

[0053] One end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade 209 is rotatably connected to the supporting rotating shaft 208, and the other end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade 209 is equipped with a transmission cylinder 210. The rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade 209 passes through the transmission cylinder 210 and is rotatably connected to it. A second guide shroud 226 is installed on one side of the top of the transmission cylinder 210. A first transmission shaft 212 is provided inside the transmission cylinder 210. The first transmission shaft 212 and the bidirectional fan blade 209 are driven by bevel gear meshing. A third motor 211 is installed on the side of the lower chamber of the dust removal cylinder 203 away from the dust collection bag 222. One end of the drive shaft of the third motor 211 and the first transmission shaft 212 are driven by bevel gear meshing.

[0054] The other end of the drive shaft of the third motor 211 is equipped with a speed reduction gearbox 214. The speed reduction gearbox 214 contains several meshing speed reduction gears that reduce speed and increase torque. The output end of the speed reduction gearbox 214 is equipped with a second drive shaft 215. A partition frame 220 is installed in the lower chamber of the dust collector cylinder 203 above the dust collection bag 222. The partition frame 220 is rotatably connected to the second drive shaft 215. A battery box 219 is located between the partition frame 220 and the speed reduction gearbox 214. A support sleeve 2... The two ends of 07 are supported by the corresponding positioning frame 216 installed on the partition plate 204. The support sleeve 207 is rotatably connected to the positioning frame 216. A third drive shaft 217 is installed on the side of the positioning frame 216 near the filter screen plate 206. The upper end of the third drive shaft 217 is driven by the corresponding support sleeve 207 through bevel gear meshing. The lower end of the third drive shaft 217 is driven by the second drive shaft 215 through bevel gear meshing. A brush cylinder 218 is fixedly sleeved on the outer periphery of the third drive shaft 217.

[0055] In this embodiment, one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blades 209 through the first drive shaft 212, thereby adjusting the rotation direction of the bidirectional fan blades 209. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gear box 214, and the filter screens 206 are rotated synchronously through the transmission of the second drive shaft 215 and the third drive shaft 217, so that the filter screens 206 can maintain a uniform utilization rate. The brush cylinder 218, which rotates synchronously with the third drive shaft 217, wipes the dust off the surface of the filter screens 206, preventing dust from clogging the pores of the filter screens 206, and allowing the dust in the dust removal process to escape into the airflow so that it can be collected by the dust collection bag 222.

[0056] A method for operating a spray dust suppression device for tunnel construction includes the following steps:

[0057] Step 1: The spraying mechanism and dust removal mechanism are moved to the area inside the tunnel waiting for dust removal by the first trolley 201 and the second trolley 202. Then, the screw slide 113 moves to connect the ring frame 114, so that the outer support cylinder 104 extends forward and slides flexibly on the limiting slide 116 through the first mounting box 107. With the drive of the screw slide 113, it supports each component. The positioning ring frame 115 provides further support to prevent the outer support cylinder 104 from shaking or deviating. The second motor 118 rotates the transmission screw 119 to push the push cylinder 105 to move accurately. Then, the push cylinder 105 moves into the outer support cylinder 104, opening each inclined support transmission rod 106 in an umbrella shape, so that each inclined support groove rod 102 and the diversion pipe 103 are unfolded in an umbrella shape, and the circumference of the end of the diversion pipe 103 matches the inner diameter of the tunnel.

[0058] Step 2: The water storage tank 124 supplies water to the flow ring groove 121 through the first hose 122. The flow ring groove 121 supplies water to the corresponding flow pipes 120 through the corresponding water inlets 125 and to the corresponding branch pipes 103 through the second hose 123. Water mist is sprayed through the branch pipes 103. The first motor 109 rotates the drive sprocket 110, which is driven by the driven sprocket 111 and the transmission chain 112. This rotates the outer support cylinder 104, causing the branch pipes 103, which maintain an umbrella-shaped structure, to rotate at a uniform speed. The water mist is concentrated at the top of the branch pipes 103 through the nozzle, so that the same concentration of water mist is distributed at all points of the circular cross section swept by the branch pipes 103. This makes the water mist sprayed evenly and fills all points. Then, the first trolley 201 and the second trolley 202 move forward synchronously and at the same speed, evenly distributing water mist to all cross sections in the tunnel ahead, so that the dust and water mist in all places in the tunnel are fully combined.

[0059] Step 3: During dust removal, one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blades 209 via the first drive shaft 212. The bidirectional fan blades 209 rotate clockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal cylinder 203 away from the second trolley 202. This allows external dust and mist to be guided into the dust removal cylinder 203 by the first guide shroud 213, and then pass through each filter screen 206 in sequence. The dust is intercepted and enriched according to its diameter. Simultaneously, the speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gear box 214, and the filter screens 206 are rotated synchronously through the transmission of the second drive shaft 215 and the third drive shaft 217, ensuring that all parts of the filter screens 206 maintain a uniform utilization rate.

[0060] Step 4: After dust removal, the sealing cylinder 224 is moved by the telescopic push rod 225. The sealing cylinder 224 moves towards the first guide shroud 213 until it abuts, forming a contact seal. Then, one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blades 209 through the first drive shaft 212. The bidirectional fan blades 209 rotate counterclockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal cylinder 203 towards the direction closer to the second trolley 202, so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown towards the sealing cylinder 224 and introduced through the third hose 223. The dust collection bag 222 collects dust and removes air. The brush cylinder 218, which rotates synchronously with the third drive shaft 217, wipes the surface dust off the filter screen 206 to prevent dust from clogging the pores of the filter screen 206, thus allowing the filter screen 206 to quickly restore its filtration capacity. After all the dust is collected by the dust collection bag 222, the sealing cylinder 224 retracts the dust removal cylinder 203 and covers the opening of the third hose 223, thereby quickly restoring the dust removal capacity.

[0061] When in use, the present invention allows workers to propel themselves and the spraying mechanism forward using a dust removal mechanism. Working in conjunction with the spraying mechanism, it draws in dust mixed with water mist and forms a circulating airflow that continuously enriches the dust within itself. Simultaneously, its structural dimensions allow sufficient time for the dust and water mist to combine, while increasing the number of internal filter plates 206 enhances dust filtration capacity, thereby eliminating dust within the tunnel and protecting construction workers. During spraying, the inclined support rod 102 and the support ring frame 101 form an umbrella-like structure. The outer edge dimension of the inclined support rod 102 is adjusted according to the inner diameter of different tunnels or the spatial dimensions of the construction site. Meanwhile, the outer support cylinder 104 rotates continuously and uniformly, ensuring that the sprayed water mist is fully and evenly distributed across all three-dimensional points within the tunnel. This ensures that the water mist effectively combines with the dust at each point while avoiding concentration in a particular area, which would result in poor combining efficiency.

[0062] During dust removal, the bidirectional fan blades 209 rotate clockwise, guiding the airflow within the dust removal cylinder 203 away from the second trolley 202. External dust and mist are guided into the dust removal cylinder 203 by the first guide hood 213 and pass through each filter screen 206 in sequence, ensuring thorough filtration. After dust removal, the sealing cylinder 224 moves towards the first guide hood 213 to form a contact seal. Then, the bidirectional fan blades 209 rotate counterclockwise, guiding the airflow within the dust removal cylinder 203 towards the second trolley 202. The increased aperture of the filter screens 206 along the airflow direction prevents dust from being trapped. The dust is filtered and concentrated, then blown into the sealed square tube 224 and introduced into the dust collection bag 222 through the third hose 223. The dust is then concentrated in the dust collection bag 222 and the air is discharged, allowing the filter screen 206 to quickly restore its filtration capacity. Once all the dust is collected in the dust collection bag 222, the bidirectional fan blades 209 resume clockwise rotation, and the sealed square tube 224 retracts into the dust removal square tube 203 and covers the opening of the third hose 223, thus quickly restoring the dust removal capacity. This allows for continuous, long-term, and high-frequency dust removal, ensuring dust removal effectiveness and protecting the safety of construction personnel in the special context of tunnel construction.

[0063] During operation, one end of the third motor 211 drives the bidirectional fan blades 209 via the first drive shaft 212, thereby adjusting the rotation direction of the bidirectional fan blades 209. The speed is reduced and the torque is increased through the speed reduction gear box 214, and the filter screens 206 are rotated synchronously through the transmission of the second drive shaft 215 and the third drive shaft 217, so that the filter screens 206 can maintain a uniform utilization rate. The brush cylinder 218, which rotates synchronously with the third drive shaft 217, wipes away the dust on the surface of the filter screens 206, preventing dust from clogging the pores of the filter screens 206. This allows the filter screens 206 to quickly restore their filtration capacity, and the long service life of the filter screens 206 reduces the number of replacements, increases the overall on-duty time, ensures the absorption of the accumulated dust, and improves the protection of construction personnel.

[0064] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A spraying dust removing device for tunnel construction, comprising a spraying mechanism and a dust removing mechanism, characterized in that, The spraying mechanism comprises a support ring frame (101), a plurality of inclined support slot rods (102) are hingedly connected to the outer periphery of the support ring frame (101), the installation slots of the inclined support slot rods (102) are parallel to the hinging axes, the shunt pipes (103) are installed in the installation slots of the inclined support slot rods (102), the outer support cylinder (104) is fixedly sleeved to the inner periphery of the support ring frame (101), the push cylinder (105) is movably sleeved in the outer support cylinder (104), the inclined support transmission rods (106) are hingedly arranged between the end of the push cylinder (105) and the middle part of each inclined support slot rod (102), the dust removal mechanism comprises a first trolley (201) and a second trolley (202), the dust removal square cylinder (203) is installed on the first trolley (201), the dust removal square cylinder (203) is divided into upper and lower cabins by the partition plate (204), a plurality of sealed frames (205) are coaxially arranged in the upper cabin of the dust removal square cylinder (203), the filter screen plates (206) are sealingly and rotatably connected in the sealed frames (205), the inclined support slot rods (102) are evenly distributed at equal angles, and the hole diameters of the filter screen plates (206) gradually decrease from one side to the other side. A lead screw sliding table (113) is installed on one side of the upper surface of the dust removal square cylinder (203), and a limiting sliding way (116) is installed on the other side, the movable end of the lead screw sliding table (113) is provided with a connecting ring frame (114), the first installation box (107) is slidingly connected to the limiting sliding way (116), the second installation box (108) is installed on the first installation box (107), the outer support cylinder (104) penetrates through the second installation box (108) and the connecting ring frame (114) and is rotatably connected with the second installation box (108) and the connecting ring frame (114), the middle part of the filter screen plate (206) is fixedly provided with a support sleeve (207), the shafts of the support sleeves (207) are coaxially provided with a support rotating shaft (208), one side of the filter screen plate (206) close to the smallest hole diameter is provided with a bidirectional fan blade (209), the second trolley (202) is provided with a water storage tank (124), one side of the water storage tank (124) close to the dust removal square cylinder (203) is provided with a first flow guide cover (213), and the inside of one end of the dust removal square cylinder (203) close to the second trolley (202) is movably sleeved with a sealed square cylinder (224).

2. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner periphery of the dust removal square cylinder (203) is in contact sealing with the outer periphery of the sealed square cylinder (224), one side of the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder (203) close to the sealed square cylinder (224) is provided with a dust filtering and storing bag (222), one end of the partition plate (204) close to the second trolley (202) is provided with a third hose (223), and the third hose (223) is in communication with the dust filtering and storing bag (222).

3. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first installation box (107) is internally provided with a first motor (109), a driving shaft of the first motor (109) is provided with a driving sprocket (110), an outer supporting cylinder (104) is provided with a driven sprocket (111), the driving sprocket (110) and the driven sprocket (111) are driven through a transmission chain (112), the lead screw sliding table (113) is provided with a positioning ring frame (115) at one end close to the limiting sliding way (116), and the outer supporting cylinder (104) penetrates through the positioning ring frame (115) and is in sliding sleeve connection with the positioning ring frame (115).

4. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner periphery of the outer supporting cylinder (104) is fixedly sleeved with an inner supporting cylinder (117), the inner supporting cylinder (117) is in sliding sleeve connection with the outer periphery of the pushing cylinder (105), the inner supporting cylinder (117) is internally provided with a second motor (118) at one end close to the second trolley (202), the rotating shaft end of the second motor (118) is provided with a transmission screw rod (119), and the transmission screw rod (119) is threadedly arranged at the axis of the pushing cylinder (105).

5. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The outer supporting cylinder (104) is internally provided with a plurality of flow guide pipes (120), the flow guide pipes (120) are evenly distributed at equal angles, the outer periphery of the outer supporting cylinder (104) is sleeved with a flow guide ring groove (121) at one end close to the second trolley (202), the flow guide ring groove (121) is in sealing rotary connection with the outer supporting cylinder (104), a plurality of water inlet slots (125) are formed in the outer supporting cylinder (104) and are evenly distributed in an annular array, the flow guide pipes (120), the water inlet slots (125) and the shunt pipes (103) are in one-to-one correspondence, the flow guide pipes (120) are in communication with the flow guide ring groove (121) through the water inlet slots (125), the flow guide ring groove (121) is in communication with the water storage tank (124) through a first hose (122), and the flow guide pipes (120) are in communication with the corresponding shunt pipes (103) through a second hose (123).

6. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, One end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade (209) is in rotary connection with the supporting rotating shaft (208), the other end of the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade (209) is provided with a transmission cylinder (210), the rotating shaft of the bidirectional fan blade (209) penetrates through the transmission cylinder (210) and is in rotary connection with the transmission cylinder (210), the top end of the transmission cylinder (210) is provided with a second flow guide cover (226), the transmission cylinder (210) is internally provided with a first transmission shaft (212), the first transmission shaft (212) is in meshing transmission with the bidirectional fan blade (209) through bevel gears, and one end of the driving shaft of the third motor (211) is in meshing transmission with the first transmission shaft (212) through bevel gears.

7. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 6, characterized in that, The driving shaft of the third motor (211) is provided with a speed reduction gear box (214) at the other end, the speed reduction gear box (214) is provided with a plurality of speed reduction gears which are meshed with each other to reduce speed and increase torque, the output end of the speed reduction gear box (214) is provided with a second transmission shaft (215), the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder (203) is provided with a partition frame (220) above the dust filtering storage bag (222), the partition frame (220) and the second transmission shaft (215) are rotationally connected, the partition frame (220) and the speed reduction gear box (214) are provided with a battery box (219) therebetween, the both ends of the supporting sleeve (207) are supported by the corresponding positioning frames (216) which are installed on the partition plate (204), the supporting sleeve (207) and the positioning frame (216) are rotationally connected, the positioning frame (216) is provided with a third transmission shaft (217) on the side close to the filter screen plate (206), the upper end of the third transmission shaft (217) is meshed and driven by the bevel gears with the corresponding supporting sleeve (207), the lower end of the third transmission shaft (217) is meshed and driven by the bevel gears with the second transmission shaft (215), the outer periphery of the third transmission shaft (217) is fixedly sleeved with a brush cylinder (218).

8. The spraying dust removal device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The both sides of the lower cabin of the dust removal square cylinder (203) are provided with air guide hole plates (221) which are installed.

9. The spraying dust removing device for tunnel construction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The dust removal square cylinder (203) is provided with a sealing square cylinder (224) at one end, the sealing square cylinder (224) is moved by the telescopic push rod (225), the nozzles on each shunt pipe (103) are arranged in an array, and the distance between adjacent nozzles gradually increases from the top end to the tail end of the shunt pipe (103).

10. A working method of a spray dust removal device for tunnel construction, applied to the spray dust removal device for tunnel construction according to any one of claims 3-9, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: Step one: the spraying mechanism and the dust removal mechanism are moved to the area waiting for dust removal in the tunnel by the first trolley (201) and the second trolley (202), then the lead screw sliding table (113) moves the connecting ring frame (114), so that the outer supporting cylinder (104) is stretched forward, then the push cylinder (105) moves into the outer supporting cylinder (104), the umbrella-shaped support opens each inclined support transmission rod (106), so that each inclined support slot rod (102) and the shunt pipe (103) are unfolded in an umbrella shape, and the circumference of the end of the shunt pipe (103) matches the inner diameter of the tunnel; Step two: the water mist is sprayed by each shunt pipe (103), and the outer supporting cylinder (104) is uniformly rotated, so that the water mist is uniformly sprayed and fully covers each point, then the first trolley (201) and the second trolley (202) advance at the same speed, so that the water mist is uniformly distributed in each cross section of the front tunnel, so that the dust in each part of the space in the tunnel is fully combined with the water mist. Step three: when the dust removal is in progress, the bidirectional fan blade (209) rotates clockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder (203) in a direction away from the second trolley (202), so that the external dust mist is guided into the dust removal square cylinder (203) under the guidance of the first flow guide cover (213) and passes through each filter screen (206) in turn, cutting off and enriching the dust according to the diameter, and rotating the support sleeve (207) at the same time, so that the filter screen (206) rotates, and each part of the filter screen (206) is fully utilized; Step four: after the dust removal is completed, the sealing square cylinder (224) moves to the first flow guide cover (213) to form a contact seal, and then the bidirectional fan blade (209) rotates counterclockwise, guiding the airflow in the dust removal square cylinder (203) in a direction close to the second trolley (202), so that the filtered and enriched dust is blown to the sealing square cylinder (224) and introduced into the dust collection bag (222) through the third hose (223), and the dust is concentrated and the air is discharged through the dust collection bag (222), so that the filter screen (206) quickly recovers the filtering capacity, and when the dust is fully enriched and collected by the dust collection bag (222), the sealing square cylinder (224) is withdrawn into the dust removal square cylinder (203) and covers the pipe opening of the third hose (223), so that the dust removal capacity is quickly recovered.

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