Spherical connecting rod upper joint and production and installation method thereof

Abstract

The invention provides an upper node of a spherical connecting rod. The spherical connecting rod upper node comprises a core shaft and a rubber body wrapping the core shaft, a circle of protrusions with hemispherical sections are arranged on the middle section of the core shaft in the circumferential direction, the protrusions are glued to the inner side of the rubber body, and the outer side of the rubber body is of a cylindrical structure. According to the spherical connecting rod upper joint, the problems that an existing rubber joint is high in deflection rigidity, common in deflection fatigue performance, difficult to meet use requirements and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of joints for rail vehicles, and particularly to a spherical link upper joint and its production and installation method. Background Art

[0002] At present, most of the link joints in the link assemblies of rail transit vehicles adopt rubber joints, that is, they are composed of a metal mandrel, a rubber layer, and a metal outer sleeve coated in sequence. The rubber layer of the joint has a vibration damping function and provides longitudinal stiffness. With the improvement of vehicle performance requirements, it is required that the link joint can meet larger deflection and torsion angles, and at the same time, the vertical link joint is required to have a certain vertical stiffness to achieve the functions of shock absorption and noise reduction, thereby improving the running comfort of the vehicle. For example, in the utility model with the application number "201420184237.5", the applicant is "Qingdao Railway Rubber Factory", and the name is "A traction rod joint for locomotive and vehicle", a relatively typical rubber joint is disclosed. However, most of the existing rubber joints adopt a cylindrical structure, with high deflection stiffness and general deflection fatigue performance, and it is difficult to meet the current requirements for increased deflection and torsion angles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to solve the problems that the existing rubber joints have high deflection stiffness and general deflection fatigue performance and are difficult to meet the usage requirements, the present invention provides a spherical link upper joint and its production and installation method to solve the above problems.

[0004] A spherical link upper joint includes a mandrel and a rubber body wrapped outside the mandrel. A circumferential protrusion with a hemispherical cross-section is provided in the middle section of the mandrel. The rubber body is glued to the protrusion on the inner side and has a cylindrical structure on the outer side.

[0005] In a preferred embodiment of the spherical link upper joint provided by the present invention, a flat base with a circumferential cross-section is provided in the middle section of the mandrel. A circumferential protrusion with a hemispherical cross-section is provided along the outer edge of the base. The rubber body does not exceed the base. The center of the protrusion is located between the axis of the protrusion and the mandrel.

[0006] In a preferred embodiment of the spherical link upper joint provided by the present invention, the rubber body includes one or more spacer sleeves and an outer sleeve sleeved outside the protrusion in sequence. A rubber layer is vulcanized between the protrusion, the spacer sleeve, and the outer sleeve.

[0007] In a preferred embodiment of the spherical link upper joint provided by the present invention, the cross-section of the spacer sleeve is semi-circular, the inner side of the cross-section of the outer sleeve is semi-circular, and the outer side is straight. The inner sides of the spacer sleeve and the outer sleeve are both concentric with the protrusion.

[0008] In a preferred embodiment of the upper joint of the spherical connecting rod provided by the present invention, the rubber body is radially provided with three or more cross-sections, and the cross-sections disconnect the spacer sleeve, the outer sleeve, and part of the rubber layer. The part of the rubber layer close to the protrusion is not disconnected by the cross-section.

[0009] A production method of the upper joint of the spherical connecting rod includes the following steps: Step 1: Cut the annular spacer sleeve and the outer sleeve into arc-shaped sheet structures; Step 2: Place the mandrel, the cut spacer sleeve, and the cut outer sleeve into a mold together, and place a partition piece at the cut position of the spacer sleeve and the outer sleeve. The partition piece is coated with a release agent; Step 3: Inject rubber and vulcanize it into shape, and take out the partition piece.

[0010] There is one or more gaps between the partition piece and the mandrel in Step 2.

[0011] An installation method of the upper joint of the spherical connecting rod includes the following steps: Step 1: Apply force to compress from the outside to the inside of the rubber body to reduce its diameter; Step 2: Press the compressed rubber body into the installation hole.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the upper joint of the spherical connecting rod provided by the present invention and its production and installation methods have the following beneficial effects: 1. In the product of the present invention, the spherical protrusion is used in cooperation with the rubber body, and a spacer sleeve is added in the rubber body to form a double-rubber layer structure, which can reduce the deflection deformation of the product, effectively reduce the deflection stiffness of the product, and improve the deflection performance and deflection fatigue performance of the product.

[0013] 2. There is no extrusion process in the process of the present invention. After vulcanization, the rubber is in a free state. When vulcanizing, the product is designed with eccentricity, and direct oil coating can be guaranteed after vulcanization.

[0014] 3. In the process of the present invention, an interference amount with the installation hole and cutting loss are reserved before cutting the outer sleeve, so that after the product is completely closed, the outer diameter of the outer sleeve and the installation hole still ensure an interference fit, ensuring that the press-fitting force of the product meets the requirements.

[0015] 4. In the installation process of the product of the present invention, the outer sleeve is closed to realize the pre-compression of the rubber, ensuring that the press-fitting force between the outer diameter of the outer sleeve and the installation hole meets the requirements. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0016] Figure 1 is a longitudinal sectional view of the upper joint of the spherical connecting rod; Figure 2 is a side view of the upper joint of the spherical connecting rod.

[0017] Reference numerals in the figures: Spindle 1, projection 11, rubber layer 2, spacer sleeve 3, outer sleeve 4, rubber body 5. Detailed implementation mode

[0018] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 respectively, which are the longitudinal sectional view of the upper joint of the spherical link provided by the present invention, and the side view seen from the end of the upper joint of the spherical link.

[0020] The upper joint of the spherical link includes a spindle 1 and a rubber body 5. The rubber body 5 includes a spacer sleeve 3, an outer sleeve 4 and a rubber layer 2.

[0021] Both ends of the spindle 1 are flattened and drilled with connection holes to form connection ends. The middle position is thickened, that is, a structure with a flattened cross-section is added in a circle to form a base. A circle of projections 11 with a hemispherical cross-section is provided along the outer edge of the base in the circumferential direction. The spindle 1, the base and the projection 11 are of an integral structure.

[0022] The center of the projection 11 is located between the axis of the projection 11 and the spindle 1. Specifically, the radius of the projection 11 is about one-third of the distance between both sides of the projection 11.

[0023] The original spacer sleeve 3 is a ring structure and is cut into three petals with the same size in a radial shape during production. The cutting loss is reserved during design. The cross-section of the spacer sleeve 3 is generally arc-shaped, and the two sides near both ends of the spindle 1 are gradually relaxed to be parallel to the base. The three spacer sleeves 3 are kept at a small interval from each other and are kept at a distance from the projection 11, surrounding the projection 11 and being concentric with it.

[0024] The design of the outer sleeve 4 is similar to that of the spacer sleeve 3 and is cut into three petals. The interference amount with the installation hole and the cutting loss are reserved during design. The cross-section of the outer sleeve 4 is arc-shaped on the inner side, which is the same as that of the spacer sleeve 3, and is a flat wall on the outer side. The three outer sleeves 4 are kept at a certain interval from each other and are kept at a distance from the spacer sleeve 3, surrounding the spacer sleeve 3, and the arc on the inner side is concentric with the projection 11.

[0025] A rubber layer 2 is vulcanized between the projection 11, the spacer sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 4. The rubber layer 2 is also disconnected at the interval positions between the three petals of the spacer sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 4. That is, the rubber body 5 is provided with three end faces that simultaneously disconnect the spacer sleeve 3, the outer sleeve 4 and the rubber layer 2 in a radial shape. In particular, the bottom of the rubber layer 2 is not disconnected and completely covers the projection 11.

[0026] The production method of the upper joint of the spherical link includes: Step 1: Prepare the mandrel 1, spacer sleeve 3 and outer sleeve 4. The spacer sleeve 3 reserves cutting loss when designing the dimensions, and the outer sleeve 4 reserves interference fit and cutting loss when designing the dimensions. Cut the spacer sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 4 radially into three pieces with the same size.

[0027] Step 2: Prepare the mold, and place the mandrel 1, the cut spacer sleeve 3 and the cut outer sleeve 4 into the mold together. At the same time, place a partition piece at the cut positions of the spacer sleeve 3 and the outer sleeve 4 to prevent the gap from being filled during vulcanization and keep the product in a cut state. There is a small gap between the bottom of the partition piece and the protrusion 11, and both sides are in contact with the base beside the protrusion 11. So that the bottom of the finally vulcanized rubber layer 2 is not disconnected and completely covers the protrusion 11. The partition piece is coated with a release agent to prevent it from gluing to the rubber layer 2 during vulcanization.

[0028] Step 3: Inject rubber and vulcanize it into shape, and then take out the partition piece.

[0029] The usage method of the upper joint of the spherical link includes: Step 1: Squeeze the three outer sleeves 4 simultaneously to compress the rubber layer 2, so that the three cross-sections approach each other until they fit together, reducing the overall diameter of the rubber body 5. Step 2: Press the compressed rubber body 5 into the installation hole. At this time, the outer sleeve 4 and the installation hole are in an interference fit. After pressing, the elastic force of the rubber layer 2 acts on the outer sleeve 4, making it closely fit and press against the inner wall of the installation hole, increasing the pressing force.

[0030] The above are only the embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the patent scope of the present invention accordingly. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the content of the specification of the present invention, or directly or indirectly applied to other related technical fields, shall be included in the patent protection scope of the present invention by the same token.

Claims

1. A spherical connecting rod upper node, comprising a core shaft and a rubber body wrapped around the core shaft, characterized in that: A circle of hemispherical protrusions is circumferentially arranged in the middle section of the core shaft. The protrusions are glued to the inner side of the rubber body, and the outer side is a cylindrical structure.

2. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to claim 1, characterized in that: A circle of bases with flat cross sections is circumferentially arranged in the middle section of the core shaft, a circle of protrusions with hemispherical cross sections is circumferentially arranged on the outer edge of the base, and the rubber body does not exceed the base.

3. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to claim 1, characterized in that: The center of the protrusion is located between the protrusion and the axis of the core shaft.

4. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The rubber body comprises one or more spacers and an outer sleeve which are sequentially sleeved outside the protrusion, and a rubber layer is vulcanized between the protrusion, the spacer and the outer sleeve.

5. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to claim 4, characterized in that: The cross section of the spacer is semicircular, the inner side of the cross section of the outer sleeve is semicircular, and the outer side is a straight line. The inner sides of the spacer and the outer sleeve are both concentric with the protrusion.

6. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to claim 5, characterized in that: The rubber body is radially provided with three or more sections, and the sections disconnect the spacer, the outer sleeve, and part of the rubber layer.

7. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to claim 6, characterized in that: The portion of the rubber layer close to the protrusion is not disconnected by the cross section.

8. A method for producing a spherical connecting rod upper node according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Cut the annular spacer and the outer sleeve into arc-shaped sheet structures; Step 2: Place the mandrel, the cut spacer and the cut outer jacket into the mold together, and insert a partition sheet at the cut position of the spacer and the outer jacket, and the partition sheet is coated with a release agent; Step 3: Inject rubber and vulcanize to form, then remove the partition piece.

9. The spherical connecting rod upper node according to claim 8, characterized in that: In step 2, there are one or more gaps between the partition sheet and the core shaft.

10. A method for installing a node on a spherical connecting rod according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: Apply force from the outside of the rubber body to the inside to reduce its diameter; Step 2: Press the compressed rubber body into the mounting hole.

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