Solenoid valve and shock absorber

Abstract

The electromagnetic valve comprises a pilot valve part, the pilot valve part comprises a pilot valve body, a through hole penetrating through the pilot valve body in the first direction, a pilot valve rod and a pilot valve cavity, and the pilot valve rod extends in the first direction and penetrates through the through hole; the pilot valve rod and the pilot valve body are each provided with a first end close to the pilot valve cavity in the first direction. The pilot valve rod is configured to move in the first direction so that a first gap can be formed between the first end of the pilot valve rod and the first end of the pilot valve body, the first gap forms a pilot valve port, the through hole communicates with the pilot valve cavity through the pilot valve port, and the pilot valve rod moves in the first direction so that the size of the pilot valve port can be changed. According to the electromagnetic valve, a novel design is adopted, the size of the pilot valve port can be adjusted by adjusting the working current of the electromagnetic valve, so that the pressure in the pilot valve part in a balanced state is adjusted, and the pressure of fluid entering the electromagnetic valve is adjusted.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure relates to a solenoid valve and a shock absorber. Background Art

[0002] In an automotive suspension system, since the spring itself will also reciprocate when filtering road vibrations, in order to improve the ride comfort of the vehicle, a shock absorber is usually installed in the suspension system to suppress the oscillation when the spring rebounds after absorbing vibrations. Therefore, the shock absorber can reduce the vibrations of the vehicle frame and the body to improve the ride comfort of the vehicle.

[0003] With the rapid development of the automotive industry and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people's requirements for the ride comfort of vehicles are getting higher and higher. A shock absorber with a single damping value can no longer meet people's needs, and a shock absorber with an adjustable damping value has emerged as the times require. Summary of the Invention

[0004] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solenoid valve, which includes a pilot valve portion. The pilot valve portion includes a pilot valve body, a through hole penetrating the pilot valve body in a first direction, a pilot valve rod, and a pilot valve cavity. Among them, the pilot valve rod extends in the first direction and passes through the through hole; the pilot valve rod and the pilot valve body respectively have first ends close to the pilot valve cavity in the first direction; the pilot valve rod is configured to move in the first direction so that a first gap is formed between the first end of the pilot valve rod and the first end of the pilot valve body, and the first gap constitutes a pilot valve port. The through hole is communicated with the pilot valve cavity via the pilot valve port, and the pilot valve rod moves in the first direction to change the size of the pilot valve port.

[0005] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pilot valve portion is configured such that the pilot valve rod moves in the first direction toward the direction close to the pilot valve cavity to increase the size of the pilot valve port, and moves in the first direction away from the pilot valve cavity to decrease the size of the pilot valve port.

[0006] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first end of the pilot valve rod has a first conical surface, at least a part of the first conical surface is located in the through hole, the pilot valve port is located between the first conical surface and the end of the hole wall of the through hole, and the end of the hole wall is close to the pilot valve cavity in the first direction.

[0007] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, an end of the hole wall has a second conical surface, the second conical surface faces the first conical surface, and the pilot valve stem is configured to move in the first direction such that the second conical surface and the first conical surface move away from or close to each other, thereby forming the pilot valve port between the second conical surface and the first conical surface.

[0008] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pilot valve stem has a second end, the second end of the pilot valve stem is opposite to the first end of the pilot valve stem in the first direction; the pilot valve stem further includes a rod body portion located between the first end and the second end of the pilot valve stem, and the first end of the pilot valve stem includes a protruding portion protruding from the rod body portion in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; the protruding portion is located in the pilot valve cavity and covers a part of the first end of the pilot valve body, and the pilot valve port is located between the protruding portion and the first end of the pilot valve body.

[0009] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the protruding portion is in a plate shape substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the end faces of the first end of the pilot valve body and the protruding portion facing each other are substantially parallel to each other, and the pilot valve port is located between the end faces of the first end of the pilot valve body and the protruding portion facing each other.

[0010] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first end of the pilot valve body has a third conical surface, the protruding portion covers a part of the third conical surface, the protruding portion has a fourth conical surface close to and facing the third conical surface, the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface are substantially parallel, and the pilot valve port is located between the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

[0011] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solenoid valve includes a first liquid inlet, the pilot valve stem has a second end, the second end of the pilot valve stem is opposite to the first end of the pilot valve stem in the first direction and is located on a side of the first end of the pilot valve stem close to the first liquid inlet, and the pilot valve stem further includes a rod body portion located between the first end and the second end; at least a part of the second end of the pilot valve stem is located in the through hole and there is a second gap between the second end and the inner wall of the through hole, the rod body portion is located in the through hole and there is a third gap between the rod body portion and the inner wall of the through hole, and the width of the second gap is smaller than the width of the third gap.

[0012] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the radial dimension of the rod body portion of the pilot valve stem is smaller than the width of the second end portion of the pilot valve stem. At the junction of the rod body portion and the second end portion, the second end portion has a protruding end face facing the first end portion and protruding from the rod body portion in a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

[0013] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solenoid valve further includes a main overflow valve portion. A part of the main overflow valve portion is located on the first side of the pilot valve in the first direction and includes an overflow valve body. The overflow valve body includes a first valve body portion and a second valve body portion. The first valve body portion includes a first plate-shaped valve body portion, a first annular valve body portion located at the edge of the first plate-shaped valve body portion, and a first valve body opening penetrating the first plate-shaped valve body portion. The second valve body portion is fixedly connected to the first valve body portion and includes a second plate-shaped valve body portion, a second annular valve body portion located at the edge of the second plate-shaped valve body portion, and a second valve body opening penetrating the second plate-shaped valve body portion. The first annular valve body portion is located outside the second annular valve body portion and is connected to the second annular valve body portion. Moreover, the second plate-shaped valve body portion and the first plate-shaped valve body portion are relatively spaced apart in the first direction to form an intermediate cavity therebetween. The second plate-shaped valve body portion is located on the side of the first plate-shaped valve body portion away from the pilot valve port. The second valve body opening is opposite to the first valve body opening, and the pilot valve body passes through the first valve body opening and the second valve body opening.

[0014] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the main overflow valve portion further includes an overflow valve seat. The overflow valve seat is located on the side of the overflow valve body away from the pilot valve portion in the first direction. Wherein, the second valve body portion is configured to be movable in the first direction so that a first overflow valve port is formed between the second valve body portion and the overflow valve seat.

[0015] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second plate-shaped valve body portion has an upper surface close to the first plate-shaped valve body portion in the first direction and a lower surface facing away from the first plate-shaped valve body portion in the first direction. The second valve body opening penetrates the upper surface and the lower surface of the second plate-shaped valve body portion, and the area of the lower surface of the second plate-shaped valve body portion is smaller than the area of the upper surface of the second plate-shaped valve body portion.

[0016] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the overflow valve body and the overflow valve seat are aligned to form a liquid inlet cavity between the overflow valve body and the overflow valve seat, and the end face of the second end portion of the pilot valve stem is exposed to the liquid inlet cavity.

[0017] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solenoid valve further includes an electromagnetic driving part, and the electromagnetic driving part is located on a side of the pilot valve part away from the main overflow valve part in the first direction; the electromagnetic driving part includes an armature shaft rod, the armature shaft rod extends along the first direction, is connected to a first end of the pilot valve rod, and is configured to apply a force towards the main overflow valve part to the pilot valve rod under the condition of applying a given current to the electromagnetic driving part.

[0018] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pilot valve part further includes a first communication hole penetrating through a hole wall of the through hole, and the first communication hole communicates the through hole with the intermediate cavity.

[0019] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the pilot valve cavity is located on a side of the pilot valve body away from the main overflow valve part; the solenoid valve further includes a first cavity, the first cavity includes a liquid outlet, and the first cavity communicates with the pilot valve cavity.

[0020] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the solenoid valve further includes a first communication cavity, a safety piece and an overcurrent elastic piece. The first communication cavity communicates with the pilot valve cavity and the first cavity, and the first cavity has an opening communicating with the first communication cavity; the safety piece is located in the first communication cavity, covers the opening of the first cavity, and has at least one opening corresponding to the opening of the first cavity; the overcurrent elastic piece is located above the safety piece and can generate elastic deformation; the electromagnetic driving part further includes an armature support surrounding the armature shaft rod, and the pilot valve cavity and the first communication cavity are located between the armature support and the first plate-shaped valve body part; the armature support is configured to: when the solenoid valve is in an unpowered state, not generate a magnetic force on the overcurrent elastic piece and the safety piece, so that the safety piece fits on the opening of the first cavity under the pressure exerted by the fluid above it, and the fluid entering the pilot valve cavity through the through hole of the pilot valve part enters the first cavity through at least one opening of the safety piece and then flows out of the solenoid valve, and when the solenoid valve is in a powered state, generate a magnetic force on the overcurrent elastic piece and the safety piece to adsorb the overcurrent elastic piece and the safety piece to the lower surface of the armature support, so as to form a gap between the safety piece and the first annular valve body part.

[0021] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the electromagnetic driving part further includes an armature, and the armature shaft rod passes through the armature along the first direction; the armature shaft rod includes a communication channel, and the electromagnetic driving part includes an upper cavity and an end cover part, the upper cavity is located between the armature and the end cover part, and the communication channel is configured to communicate the upper cavity with the pilot valve cavity.

[0022] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication channel includes a channel hole located in the armature shaft rod and penetrating at least part of the armature shaft rod along the first direction and extending to the upper cavity to communicate with the upper cavity; the first end of the pilot valve rod has a connection end, and the connection end is inserted into the channel hole and there is a gap between the connection end and the wall of the channel hole, and the gap communicates with the pilot valve cavity, or / and, the communication channel further includes a second communication hole penetrating the wall of the channel hole to communicate with the channel hole, and at least part of the second communication hole is located in the pilot valve cavity to communicate with the pilot valve cavity.

[0023] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication channel includes a communication groove opened on the surface of the armature shaft rod, and the communication groove extends along the first direction and communicates the pilot valve cavity with the upper cavity.

[0024] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the first end of the pilot valve rod has a connection end, and the connection end is connected to the armature shaft rod; the pilot valve rod includes a third communication hole penetrating the connection end along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the third communication hole communicates with the pilot valve cavity.

[0025] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the second valve body part further includes a fourth communication hole penetrating the second plate-shaped valve body part along the first direction, and the intermediate cavity communicates with the fourth communication hole.

[0026] For example, in the solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, the main overflow valve part further includes a second liquid inlet and a one-way push piece, the one-way push piece is connected to the overflow valve body and includes a force-receiving surface facing the second liquid inlet; the one-way push piece is configured to: during the reverse working process of the solenoid valve, under the action of the thrust applied by the fluid from the second liquid inlet, move along the first direction to drive the overflow valve body to move along the first direction so as to form a second overflow valve port between the overflow valve body and the overflow valve seat.

[0027] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure, during the forward operation of the solenoid valve, the second liquid inlet serves as the liquid outlet, and the fluid discharged from the first overflow valve port is discharged from the solenoid valve through the liquid outlet.

[0028] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a shock absorber. An embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a shock absorber, which includes any solenoid valve provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure. Description of the Drawings

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention and do not limit the present invention.

[0030] Figure 1 It is a top view schematic diagram of a solenoid valve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0031] Figure 2 It is an external structure schematic diagram of a solenoid valve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] Figure 3 It is along Figure 1 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the B-B line in;

[0033] Figure 4 It is along Figure 1 The cross-sectional schematic diagram of the A-A line in;

[0034] Figures 5 - 7 It is Figure 3 And Figure 4 The schematic diagram of the pilot valve stem and the armature shaft rod of the solenoid valve shown;

[0035] Figures 8 - 9 It is the schematic diagram of the pilot valve stem and the armature shaft rod of another solenoid valve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0036] Figure 10 It is the schematic diagram of another solenoid valve provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0037] Figure 11 It is Figure 10 The enlarged schematic diagram of the partial L1 in;

[0038] Figure 12 And Figure 13 It is Figure 10 The schematic diagram of the pilot valve stem and the armature shaft rod of the solenoid valve shown;

[0039] Figure 14 It is Figure 3 The schematic diagram of the safety protection structure in;

[0040] Figure 15 is Figure 14 an enlarged schematic view of the local A in

[0041] Figure 16 is Figure 14 a disassembled schematic view of the structure shown in

[0042] Figure 17 a schematic view of the pilot valve body and the second valve body part of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 18 a schematic view of the pilot valve body and the second valve body part of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0044] Figure 19 a schematic view of the pilot valve body and the second valve body part of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0045] Figure 20 a cross-sectional schematic view of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0046] Figure 21 is Figure 20 an enlarged schematic view of the local L2 including the pilot valve port in

[0047] Figure 22 a cross-sectional schematic view of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0048] Figure 23 is Figure 22 an enlarged schematic view of the local L3 including the pilot valve port in

[0049] Figure 24 a schematic block diagram of a shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed implementation manners

[0050] To make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the described embodiments of the present invention without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meanings as understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention pertains. The terms "first", "second" and similar words used in the description and claims of this patent application do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are merely used to distinguish different components. Words such as "comprising" or "including" mean that the elements or items appearing before this word cover the elements or items listed after this word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. Terms such as "inside", "outside", "above", "below" are only used to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0052] The drawings in this disclosure are not strictly drawn to actual scale, and the number of the fourth openings in the solenoid valve is not limited to the quantity shown in the figures. The specific dimensions and quantities of each structure can be determined according to actual needs. The drawings described in this disclosure are only schematic diagrams of the structures.

[0053] Features such as "parallel", "perpendicular" and "identical" used in this disclosure include the strict meanings of "parallel", "perpendicular", "identical", etc., as well as situations with certain errors such as "substantially parallel", "substantially overlapping", "substantially identical", etc. Considering measurement and errors associated with the measurement of a specific quantity (e.g., limitations of the measurement system), it means within the acceptable deviation range for a specific value determined by those of ordinary skill in the art. For example, "substantially" can mean within one or more standard deviations, and without special instructions, it can mean within a 10% or 5% deviation range of the said value.

[0054] With the development of automotive electrification and autonomous driving technologies, the weight of vehicles increases and their power performance also improves. Therefore, it is necessary for shock absorbers to operate in a wider range, and thus it is required that the damping characteristics of shock absorbers can be continuously adjusted. For this purpose, a solenoid valve with continuously adjustable damping can be used to achieve continuous adjustment of the damping characteristics of shock absorbers.

[0055] The solenoid valve with continuously adjustable damping used in an automotive shock absorber needs to achieve two functions: one is continuously adjustable damping, and in this case, the operating current range of the solenoid valve is I to Imax; the other is safety in case of failure, and in this case, the operating current range of the solenoid valve is 0 to I. That is to say, in addition to being able to achieve continuously adjustable damping under the drive of the operating current, the solenoid valve used in the automotive shock absorber also needs to ensure safety in the case of power-off or driver failure, so as to ensure basic driving and handling safety. For example, in the case of power-off or driver failure, the damping of the solenoid valve can be maintained at a middle value within its adjustable range, so as to ensure basic driving and handling safety. It should be noted that the above-mentioned I can also be called the turning current, and its value can usually be 300 to 450 mA, and in some cases, it can reach 600 mA.

[0056] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure provides a solenoid valve, which includes a pilot valve portion. The pilot valve portion includes a pilot valve body, a through hole penetrating the pilot valve body along a first direction, a pilot valve rod, and a pilot valve cavity. Among them, the pilot valve rod extends along the first direction and passes through the through hole; the pilot valve rod and the pilot valve body respectively have first ends close to the pilot valve cavity in the first direction; the pilot valve rod is configured to move along the first direction so that a first gap is formed between the first end of the pilot valve rod and the first end of the pilot valve body, and the first gap constitutes a pilot valve port. The through hole is communicated with the pilot valve cavity through the pilot valve port, and the pilot valve rod moves along the first direction to change the size of the pilot valve port.

[0057] The solenoid valve provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used in a shock absorber, and the shock absorber can be used in any equipment that needs shock absorption, such as a moving vehicle. The solenoid valve can adjust the pressure in the pilot valve in the balanced state through the pilot valve port. And, the size of the pilot valve port can be adjusted by adjusting the operating current of the solenoid valve, so as to adjust the pressure in the pilot valve in the balanced state, thereby realizing the adjustment of the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve.

[0058] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a shock absorber. The embodiment of the present disclosure also provides a shock absorber, which includes any solenoid valve provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure. The shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used in any equipment that needs shock absorption, such as a moving vehicle. The shock absorber adopts a new design of a solenoid valve applicable to a shock absorber to effectively adjust the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve during the operation of the shock absorber.

[0059] Exemplarily, Figure 1 is a top view schematic diagram of a solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 2 is an external structure schematic diagram of a solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 3is a cross-sectional schematic view along line B-B in Figure 1 , and Figure 4 is a cross-sectional schematic view along line A-A in Figure 1 . Referring to Figures 1 - 4 , the solenoid valve 400 provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure includes a pilot valve portion 200. The pilot valve portion 200 includes a pilot valve body 21, a through hole V0 penetrating the pilot valve body 21 along a first direction X, a pilot valve rod 22, and a pilot valve cavity 23. The pilot valve rod 22 extends along the first direction X and passes through the through hole V0; the pilot valve rod 22 and the pilot valve body 21 respectively have first ends 221 close to the pilot valve cavity 23 in the first direction X; the pilot valve rod 22 is configured to move along the first direction X so that a first gap G1 is formed between the first end 221 of the pilot valve rod 22 and the first end 211 of the pilot valve body 21. The first gap G1 constitutes a pilot valve port 24, and the through hole V0 communicates with the pilot valve cavity 23 via the pilot valve port 24. That is to say, the fluid entering the pilot valve portion 200 can enter the pilot valve cavity 23 via the pilot valve port 24, and the pilot valve rod 22 moves along the first direction X to change the size of the pilot valve port 24.

[0060] In the solenoid valve design provided by at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, the pilot valve port 24 enables the through hole V0 penetrating the pilot valve body 21 to communicate with the pilot valve cavity 23. The fluid entering the solenoid valve 400 can flow out via the through hole V0, the pilot valve port 24, and the pilot valve cavity 23, thereby forming a fluid outflow channel and regulating the pressure inside the pilot valve portion 200. At a given working current, the pilot valve rod 22 can move in the first direction X during the process of reaching force balance and finally move to the equilibrium position. The pilot valve rod 22 moves along the first direction X to change the size of the pilot valve port 24, so that the pressure inside the pilot valve portion 200 in the equilibrium state can be regulated through the pilot valve port 24. Moreover, the electromagnetic force received by the pilot valve rod 22 can be regulated by adjusting the working current of the solenoid valve 400, and the equilibrium state of the pilot valve rod 22 can be changed to regulate the size of the pilot valve port 24, thereby regulating the pressure inside the pilot valve portion 200 in the equilibrium state, and thus realizing the regulation of the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve 400. The solenoid valve 400 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used in a shock absorber, providing a new design of a solenoid valve applicable to a shock absorber to effectively regulate the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve during the working process of the shock absorber.

[0061] For example, the fluid can be oil, and the above-mentioned fluid outflow channel is an oil return channel. For example, the solenoid valve 400 can be applied to the shock absorber of a vehicle. The solenoid valve 400 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively regulate the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve during the working process of the shock absorber. Of course, the fluid described in the present disclosure is not limited to being an oil body and can be any liquid, or in some embodiments, it can be a gas.

[0062] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the pilot valve portion 200 is configured such that the pilot valve stem 22 moves in the first direction X towards the direction close to the pilot valve cavity 23 to increase the size of the pilot valve port 24, and moves in the first direction X towards the direction away from the pilot valve cavity 23 to decrease the size of the pilot valve port 24. Thus, when the pilot valve stem 22 moves upward under the action of the force received, there is a need to increase the flow rate of the fluid discharged to reduce the fluid pressure in the pilot valve portion 200. At this time, the design of the change in the size of the pilot valve port 24 can adaptively increase the size of the pilot valve port 24, so as to increase the flow rate of the fluid in the through hole V0 entering the pilot valve cavity 23 through the pilot valve port 24. Subsequently, the fluid can increase the flow rate of the fluid discharged from the pilot valve cavity 23, and the fluid discharged from the pilot valve cavity 23 is discharged to the solenoid valve 400, thereby reducing the pressure in the solenoid valve 400. Similarly, when the pilot valve stem 22 moves downward under the action of the force received, there is a need to reduce the flow rate of the fluid discharged to reduce the fluid pressure in the pilot valve portion 200. At this time, the design of the change in the size of the pilot valve port 24 can adaptively reduce the size of the pilot valve port 24.

[0063] For example, in Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, the first end portion 221 of the pilot valve stem 22 has a first conical surface S1, and the first conical surface S1 is at least partially located in the through hole V0. The pilot valve port 24 is located between the first conical surface S1 and the end portion of the hole wall of the through hole V0, and the end portion of the hole wall is close to the pilot valve cavity 23 in the first direction X. When the pilot valve stem 22 moves in the first direction X towards the direction close to the pilot valve cavity 23, a gap will be formed between the first conical surface S1 and the hole wall of the through hole V0, and this gap is the pilot valve port 24. The size of the pilot valve port 24 in the first direction D1 will increase as the pilot valve stem 22 moves; on the contrary, when the pilot valve stem 22 moves in the first direction X towards the direction away from the pilot valve cavity 23, the size of the pilot valve port 24 in the first direction D1 will decrease as the pilot valve stem 22 moves.

[0064] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the end portion of the hole wall has a second conical surface S2, and the second conical surface S2 is opposite to the first conical surface S1. The pilot valve stem 22 is configured to move in the first direction X such that the second conical surface S2 and the first conical surface S1 move away from or close to each other, thereby forming the pilot valve port 24 between the second conical surface S2 and the first conical surface S1. For example, the second conical surface S2 and the first conical surface S1 are substantially parallel. Designing the second conical surface S2 and the first conical surface S1 to cooperate to form the pilot valve port 24 facilitates controlling the size of the pilot valve port 24, and can improve the compactness and stability of the structure after assembly.

[0065] For example, referring toFigure 3 , the solenoid valve 400 further includes a main relief valve portion 100. A part of the main relief valve portion 100 is located on the first side of the pilot valve portion 200 in the first direction X and includes a relief valve body 1. The solenoid valve 400 further includes an electromagnetic drive portion 300. The electromagnetic drive portion 300 is located on the side of the pilot valve portion 200 away from the main relief valve portion 100 in the first direction X. That is to say, the electromagnetic drive portion 300 is located on the second side of the pilot valve portion 200 in the first direction X. The first side and the second side of the pilot valve portion 200 are opposite to each other in the first direction X. The electromagnetic drive portion 300 includes an armature shaft 31. The armature shaft 31 extends along the first direction X, is connected to the first end portion 221 of the pilot valve stem 22, and is configured to apply a force towards the main relief valve portion 100 to the pilot valve stem 22 under the condition of applying a given current to the electromagnetic drive portion 300, that is, a downward force in Figure 3 . When the electromagnetic drive portion 300 does not fail, the armature shaft 31 is magnetized and applies a force towards the main relief valve portion 100 to the pilot valve 1.

[0066] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the solenoid valve 400 includes a first liquid inlet H1. The pilot valve stem 22 has a second end portion 222. The second end portion 222 of the pilot valve stem 22 is opposite to the first end portion 221 of the pilot valve stem 22 in the first direction X and is located on the side of the first end portion 221 of the pilot valve stem 22 close to the first liquid inlet H1. The pilot valve stem 22 further includes a rod body portion 223 located between the first end portion 221 and the second end portion 222 of the pilot valve stem 22. At least a part of the second end portion 222 of the pilot valve stem 22 is located in the through hole V0 and there is a second gap G2 between the second end portion 222 and the inner wall of the through hole V0. The rod body portion 223 is located in the through hole V0 and there is a third gap G3 between the rod body portion 223 and the inner wall of the through hole V0. The width of the second gap G2 is smaller than the width of the third gap G3. Thus, the fluid entering the solenoid valve 400 enters the third gap G3 via the second gap G2, that is, enters the through hole V0, and enters the pilot valve cavity 23 via the pilot valve port 24. Thus, on the one hand, the lower surface of the second end portion 222 ( Figure 3 the lower end in) of the pilot valve stem 22 close to the first liquid inlet H1 is subjected to an upward force (that is, a force away from the first liquid inlet H1 along the first direction X, and the direction of this force is in Figure 3(Upward in the middle), the liquid in the through hole V0 applies an upward force to the first end 221 of the pilot valve stem 22, and the first end 221 of the pilot valve stem 22 is subjected to a downward force applied by the constant force electromagnet (i.e., the force applied to the pilot valve stem 22 through the armature shaft rod 31 as described above). The working current of the solenoid valve can be adjusted through the control circuit. At a given working current, the pilot valve stem 22 can reach a force balance state at least under the action of the above forces, and thus move to the equilibrium position; on the other hand, the fluid is decelerated and decompressed during the process of passing through the second gap G2, controlling the flow rate of the fluid, preventing the flow rate into the pilot valve part 200 from being too large and the pressure formed from being too large.

[0067] Here, the width of the second gap G2 refers to: the width in the radial direction of the through hole V0, that is, in the cross-section of the through hole V0 perpendicular to the first direction X, the distance between the inner wall of the through hole V0 and the surface of the adjacent second end 222. Similarly, the width of the third gap G3 refers to: the width in the radial direction of the through hole V0, that is, in the cross-section of the through hole V0 perpendicular to the first direction X, the distance between the inner wall of the through hole V0 and the surface of the adjacent rod body part 223.

[0068] For example, the second gap G2 is an annular gap, that is, an annular gap around the first direction X, for example, a closed annular gap around the second end 222 of the pilot valve stem 22 for one full circle. Designing the second gap G2 as a closed annular gap is beneficial to the effect of controlling the fluid flow rate and design calculation, and is also convenient for manufacturing. Of course, in other embodiments, the second gap G2 may not be a closed annular gap, and the second gap may also include multiple spaced-apart parts, as long as a smaller gap can be formed here so that the fluid can be decelerated during the process of passing through the second gap.

[0069] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the radial dimension of the rod body part 223 of the pilot valve stem 22 is smaller than the radial dimension of the second end 222 of the pilot valve stem 22. At the junction of the rod body part 223 and the second end, the second end 222 has a protruding end face S0 facing the first end and protruding from the rod body part 223 along the second direction Y, and the second direction Y is perpendicular to the first direction X. The protruding end face S0 can bear the pressure of the fluid in the through hole V0, and the direction of this pressure is Figure 3 downward in, that is, towards the first liquid inlet H1. In this case, this pressure also participates in controlling the balance of the pilot valve stem 22.

[0070] Here, the radial dimension refers to: the width in the radial direction of the pilot valve stem 22, that is, the diameter or width of the cross-section of the pilot valve stem 22 perpendicular to the first direction X.

[0071] For example, referring to Figure 3, the rod body portion 223 of the pilot valve stem 22 is columnar, such as cylindrical, and in other embodiments, it may also be prismatic, etc.; for example, the second end portion 222 of the pilot valve stem 22 is columnar, such as substantially cylindrical, and in other embodiments, it may also be substantially prismatic, etc. The specific shapes of these two are not limited in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and the shapes listed above are only exemplary and convenient for design examples.

[0072] For example, refer to Figure 3 , the overflow valve body 1 includes a first valve body portion 11 and a second valve body portion 12. The first valve body portion 11 includes a first plate-shaped valve body portion 111, a first annular valve body portion 112 located at the edge of the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111, and a first valve body opening 113 penetrating through the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111. The second valve body portion 12 is fixedly connected to the first valve body portion 11, and includes a second plate-shaped valve body portion 121, a second annular valve body portion 122 located at the edge of the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121, and a second valve body opening 123 penetrating through the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121. The first annular valve body portion 112 is located outside the second annular valve body portion 122 and is connected to the second annular valve body portion 122. Moreover, the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 and the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111 are relatively spaced apart in the first direction X to form an intermediate cavity 10 therebetween. The second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 is located on the side of the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111 away from the pilot valve port 24. The second valve body opening 123 is opposite to the first valve body opening 113, and the pilot valve body 21 passes through the first valve body opening 113 and the second valve body opening 123. For example, the first end of the pilot valve body 21 is fixed in the first valve body opening 113, and the second end of the pilot valve body 21 is fixed in the second valve body opening 123. Thus, on the one hand, an assembly design of the pilot valve body 21 can be formed, so that the pilot valve body 21 cooperates with the pilot valve stem 22 and the electromagnetic driving portion 300 to achieve the function of the pilot valve stem 22 moving in the first direction X to reach an equilibrium state; on the other hand, the pressure in the intermediate cavity 30 between the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 and the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111 can be adjusted to form a first overflow valve port (introduced below), so that the fluid entering the solenoid valve starts to overflow through the first overflow valve port, thereby stabilizing the pressure.

[0073] For example, refer to Figure 3, the electromagnetic drive unit 300 further includes an armature support 32. The armature support 32 surrounds the armature shaft 31. The pilot valve cavity 23 and the first communication cavity CC1 are located between the armature support 32 and the first plate-shaped valve body part 111. For example, a part of the first valve body opening 113 constitutes a part of the pilot valve cavity 23. The pilot valve cavity 23 is located on the side of the pilot valve body 21 away from the main overflow valve part 100, and is located between the first end of the pilot valve body 21 and the armature support 32. The armature support 32, the first plate-shaped valve body part 111, and the pilot valve cavity 23 jointly define the pilot valve cavity 23. Thus, not only is it possible to adjust the pressure of the fluid in the solenoid valve 400 by the cooperation of the above-mentioned various structures of the solenoid valve 400, but also a compact structure is achieved.

[0074] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the solenoid valve 400 further includes a first housing 101. For example, the first housing 101 also serves as the first valve body part 11. The second valve body part 12 is located within the first housing 101 to simplify the structure of the solenoid valve 400 and facilitate the installation of the solenoid valve 400. Of course, in other embodiments, the first valve body part 11 may also be additionally provided within the first housing.

[0075] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the main overflow valve part 100 further includes an overflow valve seat 4. The overflow valve seat 4 is located on the side of the overflow valve body 1 away from the pilot valve part 200 in the first direction X. The second valve body part 12 is configured to be movable in the first direction X such that a first overflow valve port OP1 is formed between the second valve body part 12 and the overflow valve seat 4. The overflow valve body 1 and the overflow valve seat 4 are aligned to form an inlet cavity C0 between the overflow valve body 1 and the overflow valve seat 4. The end face of the second end 222 of the pilot valve stem 22 is exposed to the inlet cavity C0, such that the end face of the second end 222 of the pilot valve stem 22 is subjected to the pressure exerted by the fluid in the inlet cavity C0 in the first direction X towards the pilot valve part 200. The direction of this pressure is Figure 3 upward in

[0076] For example, referring to Figure 3, the overflow valve seat 4 further includes a partition portion 41 located between the first liquid inlet H1 and the first liquid outlet V1. The second annular valve body portion 122 of the overflow valve body 1 is detachably connected to the partition portion 41. The overflow valve body 1 is configured to be movable in the first direction X so that the above-mentioned first overflow valve port OP1 is formed between the second annular valve body portion 122 of the overflow valve body 1 and the partition portion 41.

[0077] For example, referring to Figure 4 , the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 has an upper surface US close to the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111 in the first direction X and a lower surface LS facing away from the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111 in the first direction X. For the sake of clear marking, the upper surface US and the lower surface LS of the first plate-shaped valve body portion 111 are marked in Figure 4 , and there is also a corresponding structure in Figure 3 . The second valve body opening 123 penetrates through the upper surface US and the lower surface LS of the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121. The area of the lower surface LS of the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 is smaller than the area of the upper surface US of the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121. When the fluid enters the liquid inlet cavity C0 from the first liquid inlet H1, usually the pressure in the liquid inlet cavity C0 is greater than the pressure of the fluid in the intermediate cavity 10. The smaller area of the lower surface LS of the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 compared to the upper surface US of the second plate-shaped valve body portion 121 causes the greater pressure in the liquid inlet cavity C0 to act on the smaller lower surface LS, and the smaller pressure in the intermediate cavity 10 to act on the larger upper surface US, which is beneficial to realizing that the second valve body portion 12 moves away from the overflow valve seat 4 in the first direction X under the action of the pressure in the liquid inlet cavity C0 and the pressure in the intermediate cavity 10, thereby forming the above-mentioned first overflow valve port OP1.

[0078] For example, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the pilot valve portion 200 further includes a first communication hole CV1 penetrating through the wall of the through hole V0. The first communication hole CV1 connects the through hole V0 and the intermediate cavity 10. In other embodiments, the first communication hole only needs to penetrate through the wall of the through hole V0 to connect the through hole V0 and the intermediate cavity 10. Thus, at a given working current, the pilot valve stem 22 is in force balance and the pilot valve stem 22 moves to the equilibrium position. During this process, parameters such as the flow rate and flow velocity of the fluid flowing out of the through hole V0 through the pilot valve port 24 will be adjusted, and the connection between the intermediate cavity 10 and the through hole V0 enables the pressure in the intermediate cavity 10 to be adaptively adjusted during this process. Thus, the solenoid valve can also generate the above-mentioned first overflow valve port OP1 and control the size and flow rate of the first overflow valve port OP1 under the control of different working currents, adjust the overflow generated through the first overflow valve port OP1, and thereby adjust the pressure at the inlet of the solenoid valve 400.

[0079] For example, only one first communication hole CV1 can be provided; alternatively, multiple first communication holes CV1 can also be provided. For example Figure 3 In the illustrated embodiment, two first communication holes CV1 are provided, and these two first communication holes CV1 are opposite to each other in a direction intersecting the first direction X (for example, the second direction Y). For example, the channel formed by these two first communication holes CV1 penetrates the pilot valve body 21 along the second direction Y.

[0080] For example, referring to Figure 3 , the main relief valve portion 100 further includes a pressure reducing structure 5 configured to reduce the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve 400 via the first liquid inlet H1. Of course, in other embodiments, the pressure reducing structure 5 can also be removed, and the fluid directly enters the liquid inlet cavity C0 via the first liquid inlet H1.

[0081] For example, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the solenoid valve 400 further includes a first cavity C1. The first cavity C1 includes a second liquid outlet V2, and the first cavity C1 communicates with the pilot valve cavity 23. For example, the second liquid outlet V2 is opened on the first housing 101. For example, in Figure 3 the illustrated embodiment, the second liquid outlet V2 is opened on the side surface of the first housing 101, and the fluid in the first cavity C1 can be discharged from the solenoid valve 400 via the second liquid outlet V2. Thus, during the operation of the solenoid valve 400, a fluid path 1 is formed. In the path 1, external fluid (such as high-pressure fluid) enters the liquid inlet cavity C0 via the first liquid inlet hole H1, then enters the third gap G3 via the second gap G2, that is, enters the through hole V0, and enters the pilot valve cavity 23 via the pilot valve port 24. The fluid in the pilot valve cavity 23 enters the first cavity C1 and is discharged from the solenoid valve 400 via the second liquid outlet V2. For example, the path 1 serves as an oil return channel of the solenoid valve 400, which can increase the adjustment path for applying adjustable damping to the fluid, and can improve the adjustment ability of the damper applying the solenoid valve 400 to the damping of the fluid. Since the above path 1 is provided in the solenoid valve provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure, thus, at a given current value, the pilot valve stem 22 is adjusted to a balanced state. During this process, the pilot valve stem 22 moves to change the size of the pilot valve port 24, so as to adjust the flow rate of the oil return channel by changing the size of the pilot valve port 24. By adjusting the current value, the pilot valve stem 22 can be adjusted to different balanced states, thereby realizing continuous adjustment of the damping.

[0082] Alternatively, in other embodiments, the solenoid valve 400 includes a second communication cavity. The pilot valve cavity 23 communicates with the first liquid outlet V1 via the second communication cavity. The fluid in the pilot valve cavity 23 can enter the first liquid outlet V1 via the communication cavity and be discharged from the solenoid valve 400 through the first liquid outlet V1. The arrangement and position of the second liquid outlet V2 are not limited to the above examples, as long as the fluid can be discharged from the solenoid valve through the second liquid outlet V2.

[0083] Reference Figure 3 , the second valve body part 12 further includes a fourth communication hole CV4 penetrating the second plate-shaped valve body part 121 along the first direction X. The intermediate cavity 10 communicates with the fourth communication hole CV4, enabling the fluid in the intermediate cavity 10 and the fourth communication hole CV4 to flow between them. The fluid entering the liquid inlet cavity C0 through the first liquid inlet H1 can also enter the intermediate cavity 10 through the fourth communication hole CV4 and then enter the through hole V0 through the first communication hole CV1. Moreover, the impurities and contaminants in the through hole V0 can be discharged through the intermediate cavity 10 and the fourth communication hole CV4.

[0084] The working process shown in Path 1 above is the forward working process, and the solenoid valve 400 can also have a reverse working process. For example, reference Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the main overflow valve part 100 further includes a second liquid inlet and a one-way push piece 6. The first liquid outlet V1 can be reused as the second liquid inlet. The one-way push piece 6 is connected to the overflow valve body 1, for example, connected to the second annular valve body part 122 and located outside the second annular valve body part 122. The one-way push piece 6 includes a force-receiving surface facing the second liquid inlet. The one-way push piece 6 is configured to: during the reverse working process of the solenoid valve 400, move along the first direction X under the action of the thrust exerted by the fluid from the second liquid inlet to drive the overflow valve body 1 to move along the first direction X, so as to form a second overflow valve port OP2 between the overflow valve body 1 and the overflow valve seat 4. The position of the second overflow valve port OP2 is the same as the position of the above first overflow valve port OP1. For example, the main overflow valve part 100 further includes a second cavity C2 located within the first housing 100, and the one-way push piece 6 is located in the second cavity C2 to provide space for arranging the one-way push piece 6.

[0085] During the forward operation of the solenoid valve 400, the second liquid inlet serves as the liquid outlet (i.e., the first liquid outlet V1), and the fluid discharged from the first overflow valve port OP1 is discharged from the solenoid valve 400 through the first liquid outlet V1. During the reverse operation of the solenoid valve 400, the second liquid inlet serves as the liquid inlet, that is, the first liquid outlet V1 serves as the liquid inlet, and the first liquid inlet H1 serves as the liquid outlet; by providing the one-way push piece 6, the fluid flowing in through the second liquid inlet can generate a thrust on the one-way push piece 6 in the first direction X and towards the direction away from the overflow valve seat 4, and using this thrust to drive the one-way push piece 6 to move in the first direction X towards the direction away from the overflow valve seat 4, so as to drive the overflow valve body 1 connected to the one-way push piece 6 to move in the first direction X towards the direction away from the overflow valve seat 4, so that the overflow valve body 1 is separated from the overflow valve seat 4, and a gap is formed between the overflow valve body 1 and the overflow valve seat 4, that is, the second overflow valve port OP2 is formed. Thus, compared with the solenoid valve without the one-way push piece 6, in addition to the original path 1, a path 2 is also formed. In path 2, the fluid flowing in through the liquid inlet (i.e., the above-mentioned first liquid outlet V1) can enter the liquid outlet (i.e., the above-mentioned first liquid inlet H1) through the second overflow valve port OP2 and flow out from this liquid outlet, so that the fluid can also be damped through path 2, increasing the adjustment ability of the solenoid valve to the fluid.

[0086] For example, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the solenoid valve 400 further includes a sealing structure 71. The sealing structure 71 is located on the outer side surface of the first plate-shaped valve body part 121 facing the first annular valve body part 112, or on the outer side surface of the second annular valve body part 122 facing the first annular valve body part 112, and fits with the inner surface of the first annular valve body part 112 facing the second plate-shaped valve body part 121, so as to seal the intermediate cavity 10 and prevent the fluid in the intermediate cavity 10 from flowing out through the gap between the first annular valve body part 112 and the second annular valve body part 122. For example, the sealing structure 71 is an annular sealing ring.

[0087] For example, referring to Figure 3 and Figure 4 , the electromagnetic drive part 300 further includes an armature 33, and the armature shaft rod 31 passes through the armature 33 in the first direction X; the armature shaft rod 31 includes a communication channel 311, the electromagnetic drive part 300 includes an upper cavity 34 and an end cover part 35, the upper cavity 34 is located between the armature 33 and the end cover part 35, and the communication channel 311 is configured to communicate the upper cavity 34 with the pilot valve cavity 23 so as to balance the pressure in the upper cavity 34.

[0088] Figures 17 - 7 is Figure 3 and Figure 4 a schematic diagram of the pilot valve rod and the armature shaft rod of the solenoid valve shown. Figure 17 andFigure 7 Schematic cross-sectional views in two directions perpendicular to each other respectively Figure 7 including a top view and a cross-sectional view along the C-C line in the top view. Refer to Figure 17 , the communication channel 311 includes a channel hole 3111. The channel hole 3111 is located in the armature shaft 31 and penetrates at least part of the armature shaft 31 along the first direction X and extends to the upper cavity 34 to communicate with the upper cavity 34, that is, the armature shaft 31 is hollow.

[0089] For example, in Figure 3 and Figure 17 In the illustrated embodiment, the channel hole 3111 penetrates the entire armature shaft 31 along the first direction X to directly communicate with the upper cavity 34 located at one end of the armature shaft 31 away from the pilot valve stem 22 in the first direction X. Of course, in other embodiments, the channel hole 3111 may also penetrate a part of the armature shaft 31 along the first direction X, and the channel hole 3111 can communicate with the upper cavity 34 through a through hole penetrating the side wall of the armature shaft 21 along the second direction Y.

[0090] For example, in Figure 3 , Figure 17 and Figure 18 In the illustrated embodiment, the armature shaft 31 and the pilot valve stem 22 are two independent components, and the two are connected to each other, such as by welding or plugging.

[0091] For example, refer to Figure 17 and Figure 18 , the first end 221 of the pilot valve stem 22 has a connecting end 2211, and the connecting end 2211 is connected to the armature shaft 31; for example, the connecting end 2211 is plugged into the channel hole 3111. The communication channel 311 further includes a second communication hole CV2. The second communication hole CV2 penetrates the hole wall of the channel hole 3111 to communicate with the channel hole 3111, and at least part of the second communication hole CV2 is located in the pilot valve cavity 23 to communicate with the pilot valve cavity 23. Or, in other embodiments, there is a gap between the connecting end 2211 and the hole wall 3112 of the channel hole 3111, and the gap communicates with the pilot valve cavity 23, and the fluid in the pilot valve cavity 23 can enter the channel hole 3111 through the gap.

[0092] For example, refer to Figure 3 and Figure 4, the electromagnetic driving part 300 further includes a communication groove 36 configured to communicate the two sides of the armature 33 in the first direction X, so as to balance the pressures on both sides of the armature 33. The electromagnetic driving part 300 further includes a second housing 301 and a third housing 302, the second housing 301 is connected to the third housing 302, and functional components of the electromagnetic driving part 300 such as the armature support 32 and the armature 33 are arranged in the space surrounded by the second housing 301 and the third housing 302.

[0093] Figures 8 - 9 It is a schematic diagram of a pilot valve stem and an armature shaft rod of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 8 and Figure 9 with Figures 17 - 7 The embodiment shown has the following differences. For example, referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the design of the communication channel is different. The communication channel of the armature shaft rod 31 includes a communication groove 3110 formed on the surface of the armature shaft rod 31, and the communication groove 3110 extends along the first direction X and communicates the pilot valve cavity 23 with the upper cavity 34. For example, in this case, the armature shaft rod 31 can be solid instead of hollow.

[0094] For example, referring to Figure 8 and Figure 9 , the connecting end 2211 of the pilot valve stem 22 has a plug hole, and the end of the armature shaft rod 31 close to the pilot valve stem 22 is inserted into the plug hole. The pilot valve stem 22 includes a third communication hole CV3 penetrating the connecting end 2211 along the second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X, and the third communication hole CV3 communicates with the pilot valve cavity 23. The third communication hole CV3 can ensure the connectivity between the pilot valve cavity 23 and the communication groove 3110 and prevent fluid from being squeezed in the plug hole.

[0095] Figures 8 - 9 The other technical features and corresponding technical effects of the embodiment shown are the same as those of the Figure 3 and Figure 4 shown embodiments.

[0096] Figure 10 It is a schematic diagram of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure, Figure 11 is Figure 10 an enlarged schematic diagram of the partial L1 in Figure 12 and Figure 13 is Figure 10 a schematic diagram of the pilot valve stem and the armature shaft rod of the solenoid valve shown, Figure 12 including a top view and a cross-sectional schematic diagram along the D-D line in the top view. Figures 10 - 13 The difference between the embodiment shown in Figures 8 - 9 and the embodiment shown in Figures 10 - 13In the illustrated embodiment, the armature shaft 31 and the pilot valve stem 22 are integrated. Figures 10 - 13 The other technical features and corresponding technical effects of the illustrated embodiment are the same as those of Figure 3 and Figure 4 the illustrated embodiment.

[0097] For example, in the solenoid valve provided in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure, a safety protection is also provided when the solenoid valve fails, so that in the case of power-off or driver failure of the solenoid valve, a power-off safety mode is achieved, forming a power-off protection to ensure basic driving and operating safety.

[0098] Figure 14 is Figure 3 a schematic diagram of the safety protection structure in Figure 15 is Figure 14 an enlarged schematic diagram of the partial A in Figure 16 is Figure 14 a disassembled schematic diagram of the structure shown. Refer to Figures 14 - 16 , for example, the solenoid valve 400 further includes a safety protection structure, and the safety protection structure includes a first communication cavity CC1, a safety piece 7 and an overcurrent elastic piece 8. The first communication cavity CC1 is communicated with the pilot valve cavity 23 and the first cavity C1. The first cavity C1 has an opening C10 communicated with the first communication cavity CC1; for example, it is located on at least one side of the pilot valve cavity 23 in the second direction Y, for example, surrounding the pilot valve cavity 23; for example, it is annular.

[0099] The safety piece 7 is located in the first communication cavity CC1, covers the opening C10 of the first cavity C1, and has at least one opening 70 corresponding to the opening of the first cavity C1; the current - passing elastic piece 8 is located above the safety piece 7 and can generate elastic deformation; the armature support 32 is configured such that when the solenoid valve 400 is in an un - energized state, it does not exert a magnetic force on the current - passing elastic piece 8 and the safety piece 7. Thus, the safety piece 7 fits on the opening C10 of the first cavity C1 under the pressure exerted by the fluid above it, for example, fits on the upper surface of the first plate - shaped valve body part 111 and covers the opening C10 of the first cavity C1. Thereby, the fluid entering the pilot valve cavity 23 through the through - hole V0 of the pilot valve part 200 enters the first cavity C1 through at least one opening 70 of the safety piece 7, and then flows out of the solenoid valve 400 through the first cavity C1. At this time, the fluid flowing out of the pilot valve cavity 23 exists above the safety piece 7, that is, in the space between the safety piece 7 and the current - passing elastic piece 8. This part of the fluid will exert a downward pressure on the safety piece 7, and this pressure will press the safety piece 7 tightly on the upper surface of the first plate - shaped valve body part 111. The safety piece 7 fits with the upper surface of the first plate - shaped valve body part 111 below it to form a seal. The fluid flowing out of the pilot valve cavity 23 (such as oil) can only enter the first cavity C1 (i.e., the oil return passage) through the opening 70 on the safety piece 7, that is, can only be discharged from the pilot valve cavity 23 through the opening 70 on the safety piece 7, and enter the first cavity C1 through the opening 7 on the safety piece 7 for oil return. In this case, the liquid flows out of the pilot valve part 200 through multiple openings 7 of the safety piece 7, and the flow rate is greatly reduced, generating a back pressure in the pilot valve part 200, making the set pressure of the entire solenoid valve higher than the pressure at the minimum current, thereby realizing the power - off safety mode. By adjusting the diameter of the opening 7, different safety - mode pressures can be achieved. That is to say, in the state where the solenoid valve is powered off, the pressure can still be adjusted by the flow rate through multiple small holes of the safety piece 7. Only this flow rate is smaller than that in the normal working state, so that the solenoid valve will not completely fail, thereby realizing power - off protection. In the case where the solenoid valve is powered off or the driver fails, the basic driving and operating safety can be guaranteed. In the power - off state of the solenoid valve, the pressure difference between the first liquid inlet H1 and the first liquid outlet V1 of the solenoid valve at a given flow rate is independent of the current. Thus, the solenoid valve can effectively achieve safety protection during failure.

[0100] For example, the size (aperture diameter) of each opening 70 is not more than about 0.2 mm, for example, it is 0.1 mm - 0.3 mm. The size of each small hole is not limited, and those skilled in the art can design according to different flow rates and pressure settings. For example, the small hole can be a round hole or a square hole for easy manufacturing and design calculation. Or, the small hole can also be other regular shapes and irregular shapes. The present disclosure embodiment does not limit the shape of the opening 70.

[0101] When the solenoid valve 400 is in the energized state, the electromagnetic drive unit 300 generates a magnetic force on the overcurrent elastic piece 8 and the safety piece 7 through the armature support 32, so that the overcurrent elastic piece 8 and the safety piece 7 are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the armature support 32, thereby forming a gap between the safety piece 7 and the first annular valve body portion 112. At this time, the fluid flowing out of the pilot valve cavity 23 can enter the oil return passage normally through this gap instead of passing through the opening 70 on the safety piece 7, realizing the operation in the normal mode.

[0102] Figure 17 It is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve body and the second valve body portion of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 17 The illustrated embodiment is different from Figure 3 and Figure 4 in that, Figure 17 the fourth communication hole CV4 is not provided in the illustrated embodiment. Figure 17 The other technical features and corresponding technical effects of the illustrated embodiment are the same as those in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , and reference can be made to the description of the embodiments shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0103] Figure 18 It is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve body and the second valve body portion of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 18 The illustrated embodiment is different from Figure 3 and Figure 4 in that, Figure 18 the one-way push piece 6 is not provided in the illustrated embodiment, there is a forward working process, and there is no reverse working process. Figure 18 The other technical features and corresponding technical effects of the illustrated embodiment are the same as those in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , and reference can be made to the description of the embodiments shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0104] Figure 19 It is a schematic diagram of the pilot valve body and the second valve body portion of another solenoid valve provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 19 The illustrated embodiment is different from Figure 3 and Figure 4 in that the sealing structures are different. As shown in Figure 19 , the sealing structure 72 includes a plurality of serrated structures formed on the outer side surface of the first annular valve body portion 112, and the plurality of serrated structures have the effect of hindering the fluid flow, thereby preventing the fluid in the intermediate cavity 10 from flowing out through the gap between the first annular valve body portion 112 and the second annular valve body portion 122. Figure 19Other technical features and corresponding technical effects of the illustrated embodiments are the same as those in Figure 3 and Figure 4 , and reference can be made to the description of the embodiments shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0105] Figure 20 FIG. Figure 21 is Figure 20 an enlarged schematic view of a partial L2 including a pilot valve port in Figure 20 The solenoid valve shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 has a different design of the pilot valve port from that of the solenoid valves shown in

[0106] Refer to Figure 20 , the first end 221 of the pilot valve stem 22 includes a protrusion 225 protruding from the rod body portion 223 in a second direction Y perpendicular to the first direction X. The protrusion 225 is located in the pilot valve cavity 23, outside the through hole V0, and covers a part of the first end 211 of the pilot valve body 21. The pilot valve port 24 is located between the protrusion 225 and the first end 211 of the pilot valve body 21. The pilot valve stem 22 moves in the first direction X towards the direction close to the pilot valve cavity 23 to increase the size of the pilot valve port 24, and moves in the first direction X towards the direction away from the pilot valve cavity 23 to decrease the size of the pilot valve port 24. This design can achieve the same or similar technical effects as those of the embodiments shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4 .

[0107] For example, refer to Figure 20 and Figure 21 , the protrusion 225 is in a plate shape substantially perpendicular to the first direction X, the end faces of the first end 211 of the pilot valve body 21 and the protrusion 225 facing each other are substantially parallel to each other, and the pilot valve port 24 is located between the end faces of the first end 211 of the pilot valve body 21 and the protrusion 225 facing each other.

[0108] Figure 22 FIG. Figure 23 is Figure 22 an enlarged schematic view of a partial L3 including a pilot valve port in Figure 22 The solenoid valve shown in Figure 20 has a different design of the pilot valve port from that of the solenoid valve shown in

[0109] Refer to Figure 22, the first end portion 211 of the pilot valve body 21 has a third conical surface S3, the protruding portion 225 covers a part of the third conical surface S3, the protruding portion 225 has a fourth conical surface S4 that is close to and opposite to the third conical surface S3, the third conical surface S3 and the fourth conical surface S4 are substantially parallel, and the pilot valve port 24 is located between the third conical surface S3 and the fourth conical surface S4. The pilot valve stem 22 moves in the first direction X towards the direction close to the pilot valve cavity 23 to increase the size of the pilot valve port 24, and moves in the first direction X away from the pilot valve cavity 23 to decrease the size of the pilot valve port 24. This design can achieve the same or similar technical effects as Figure 3 and Figure 4 the embodiments shown.

[0110] In Figure 22 and Figure 23 the embodiments shown, the protruding portion 225 is bent and includes a longitudinal extension portion 2251 extending in the first direction X, and the end portion of the longitudinal extension portion 2251 close to the third conical surface S3 has the above-mentioned fourth conical surface S4. For example, the protruding portion 225 further includes a transverse extension portion 2252 extending in the second direction Y, and the transverse extension portion 2252 connects the rod body portion 223 and the longitudinal extension portion 2251. In Figure 23 , the transverse extension portion 2252 is perpendicular to the longitudinal extension portion 2251. In other embodiments, the whole formed by the transverse extension portion 2252 and the longitudinal extension portion 2251 can also be arc-shaped, etc., as long as it has components in the first direction X and the second direction Y.

[0111] At least one embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a shock absorber, which can be a shock absorber of a mechanical device, such as a shock absorber of a vehicle. Figure 24 It is a schematic block diagram of a shock absorber provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0112] As Figure 24 shown, the shock absorber 500 includes the solenoid valve 400 provided by any one of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Thus, on the one hand, the shock absorber 500 can achieve continuously adjustable damping under the drive of the working current, and can also remain safe in the case of power failure or driver failure, thereby ensuring basic driving and handling safety. The shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure adopts a new design of a solenoid valve applicable to the shock absorber to effectively adjust the pressure of the fluid entering the solenoid valve during the working process of the shock absorber. The shock absorber provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure has all the technical effects of the solenoid valve provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure, which will not be repeated here.

[0113] In the shock absorber 500, the solenoid valve 400 provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure can be used as both a compression valve and a rebound valve.

[0114] There are also the following points to note:

[0115] (1)The drawings of the embodiments of the present disclosure only relate to the structures involved in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and other structures may refer to the general design.

[0116] (2)For clarity, in the drawings used to describe the embodiments of the present disclosure, the thickness of layers or regions is enlarged or reduced, that is, these drawings are not drawn to actual scale.

[0117] (3)Without conflict, the embodiments of the present disclosure and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other to obtain new embodiments.

[0118] The above description is only an exemplary embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the protection scope of the present invention. The protection scope of the present invention is determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A solenoid valve, comprising: A pilot valve portion, comprising a pilot valve body, a through hole penetrating the pilot valve body along a first direction, a pilot valve stem and a pilot valve cavity, wherein the pilot valve stem extends along the first direction and passes through the through hole; The pilot valve stem and the pilot valve body respectively have a first end portion close to the pilot valve cavity in the first direction; The pilot valve stem is configured to move along the first direction so that a first gap is formed between the first end of the pilot valve stem and the first end of the pilot valve body, the first gap constitutes a pilot valve port, the through hole is connected to the pilot valve cavity via the pilot valve port, and the pilot valve stem moves along the first direction to change the size of the pilot valve port.

2. The solenoid valve according to claim 1, wherein: The pilot valve portion is configured such that the pilot valve stem moves along the first direction toward the pilot valve cavity to increase the size of the pilot valve port, and moves along the first direction toward the pilot valve cavity to decrease the size of the pilot valve port.

3. The solenoid valve according to claim 2, wherein: The first end of the pilot valve stem has a first conical surface, the first conical surface is at least partially located in the through hole, the pilot valve port is located between the first conical surface and the end of the hole wall of the through hole, and the end of the hole wall is close to the pilot valve cavity in the first direction.

4. The solenoid valve according to claim 3, wherein: The end of the hole wall has a second conical surface, which is opposite to the first conical surface. The pilot valve stem is configured to move along the first direction so that the second conical surface and the first conical surface move away from or closer to each other, thereby forming the pilot valve port between the second conical surface and the first conical surface.

5. The solenoid valve according to claim 2, wherein: The pilot valve stem has a second end portion, and the second end portion of the pilot valve stem is opposite to the first end portion of the pilot valve stem in the first direction; The pilot valve stem also includes a rod body portion located between a first end and a second end of the pilot valve stem, and the first end of the pilot valve stem includes a protrusion protruding from the rod body portion along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction; the protrusion is located in the pilot valve cavity and covers a portion of the first end of the pilot valve body, and the pilot valve port is located between the protrusion and the first end of the pilot valve body.

6. The solenoid valve according to claim 5, wherein: The protrusion is in a plate shape substantially perpendicular to the first direction, the first end of the pilot valve body and the end surface of the protrusion facing each other are substantially parallel to each other, and the pilot valve port is located between the first end of the pilot valve body and the end surface of the protrusion facing each other.

7. The solenoid valve according to claim 5, wherein: The first end of the pilot valve body has a third conical surface, the protrusion covers a portion of the third conical surface, the protrusion has a fourth conical surface close to and opposite to the third conical surface, the third conical surface is basically parallel to the fourth conical surface, and the pilot valve port is located between the third conical surface and the fourth conical surface.

8. The solenoid valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The solenoid valve comprises a first liquid inlet, the pilot valve stem comprises a second end, the second end of the pilot valve stem is opposite to the first end of the pilot valve stem in the first direction and is located at a side of the first end of the pilot valve stem close to the first liquid inlet, and the pilot valve stem further comprises a rod body portion located between the first end and the second end; The second end of the pilot valve stem is at least partially located in the through hole and has a second gap with the inner wall of the through hole, the rod body is partially located in the through hole and has a third gap with the inner wall of the through hole, and the width of the second gap is smaller than the width of the third gap.

9. The solenoid valve according to claim 8, wherein: The radial dimension of the rod body portion of the pilot valve stem is smaller than the width of the second end portion of the pilot valve stem. At the junction of the rod body portion and the second end portion, the second end portion has a protruding end surface facing the first end portion and protruding out of the rod body portion along a second direction, and the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction.

10. The solenoid valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein: The solenoid valve further includes a main relief valve portion, a portion of which is located on a first side of the pilot valve in the first direction and includes a relief valve body; The relief valve body comprises: a first valve body portion, comprising a first plate-shaped valve body portion, a first annular valve body portion located at an edge of the first plate-shaped valve body portion, and a first valve body opening penetrating through the first plate-shaped valve body portion; and The second valve body portion is fixedly connected to the first valve body portion and includes a second plate-shaped valve body portion, a second annular valve body portion located at the edge of the second plate-shaped valve body portion, and a second valve body opening penetrating the second plate-shaped valve body portion, wherein: The first annular valve body portion is located outside the second annular valve body portion and is connected to the second annular valve body portion, and the second plate-shaped valve body portion and the first plate-shaped valve body portion are relatively spaced apart in the first direction to form an intermediate cavity therebetween, the second plate-shaped valve body portion is located on a side of the first plate-shaped valve body portion away from the pilot valve port, the second valve body opening is opposite to the first valve body opening, and the pilot valve body passes through the first valve body opening and the second valve body opening.

11. The solenoid valve according to claim 10, wherein: The main relief valve portion further comprises: The overflow valve seat is located on a side of the overflow valve body away from the pilot valve portion in the first direction, wherein the second valve body portion is configured to be movable in the first direction so that a first overflow valve port is formed between the second valve body portion and the overflow valve seat.

12. The solenoid valve according to claim 11, wherein: The second plate-shaped valve body portion has an upper surface close to the first plate-shaped valve body portion in the first direction and a lower surface away from the first plate-shaped valve body portion in the first direction, the second valve body opening passes through the upper surface and the lower surface of the second plate-shaped valve body portion, and the area of ​​the lower surface of the second plate-shaped valve body portion is smaller than the area of ​​the upper surface of the second plate-shaped valve body portion.

13. The solenoid valve according to claim 11, wherein: The overflow valve body and the overflow valve seat are matched to form a liquid inlet cavity between the overflow valve body and the overflow valve seat, and the end surface of the second end portion of the pilot valve stem is exposed to the liquid inlet cavity.

14. The solenoid valve according to claim 10, wherein: The solenoid valve further comprises: The electromagnetic drive unit is located on a side of the pilot valve unit away from the main relief valve unit in the first direction, wherein: The electromagnetic drive unit includes an armature shaft extending along the first direction, connected to the first end of the pilot valve stem, and configured to apply a force toward the main relief valve unit to the pilot valve stem under the condition that a given current is applied to the electromagnetic drive unit.

15. The solenoid valve according to claim 10, wherein: The pilot valve portion further includes a first communicating hole penetrating through a hole wall of the through hole, wherein the first communicating hole communicates the through hole with the intermediate cavity.

16. The solenoid valve according to claim 14, wherein: The pilot valve cavity is located at a side of the pilot valve body away from the main relief valve portion; The solenoid valve further comprises a first cavity, the first cavity comprises a liquid outlet, and the first cavity is communicated with the pilot valve cavity.

17. The solenoid valve according to claim 16, wherein: The solenoid valve further comprises: A first communicating cavity, communicating with the pilot valve cavity and the first cavity, wherein the first cavity has an opening communicating with the first communicating cavity; a safety sheet, located in the first communicating cavity, covering the opening of the first cavity, and having at least one opening corresponding to the opening of the first cavity; and A current-passing spring sheet, located above the safety sheet and capable of elastic deformation; The electromagnetic drive unit further comprises an armature support, the armature support surrounds the armature shaft, the pilot valve cavity and the first communicating cavity are located between the armature support and the first plate-shaped valve body; The armature support is configured to: when the solenoid valve is in a non-powered state, no magnetic force is generated on the flow spring and the safety plate, so that the safety plate is attached to the opening of the first cavity under the pressure exerted by the fluid above it, and the fluid entering the pilot valve cavity through the through hole of the pilot valve part enters the first cavity through at least one opening of the safety plate to flow out of the solenoid valve, and, When the solenoid valve is powered on, a magnetic force is generated on the overflow spring piece and the safety piece so that the overflow spring piece and the safety piece are adsorbed onto the lower surface of the armature support, thereby forming a gap between the safety piece and the first annular valve body.

18. The solenoid valve according to claim 14, wherein: The electromagnetic driving unit further comprises an armature, and the armature shaft passes through the armature along the first direction; The armature shaft includes a communication channel, the electromagnetic drive portion includes an upper cavity and an end cover portion, the upper cavity is located between the armature and the end cover portion, and the communication channel is configured to connect the upper cavity with the pilot valve cavity.

19. The solenoid valve according to claim 18, wherein: The communication channel comprises: A channel hole is located in the armature shaft and penetrates at least a portion of the armature shaft along the first direction and extends to the upper cavity to communicate with the upper cavity, wherein: The first end of the pilot valve stem has a connecting end, the connecting end is inserted into the channel hole and there is a gap between the connecting end and the channel hole wall, the gap is connected to the pilot valve cavity, or / and, The communication channel also includes: The second communication hole penetrates through the hole wall of the channel hole to communicate with the channel hole, and at least a portion of the second communication hole is located in the pilot valve cavity to communicate with the pilot valve cavity.

20. The solenoid valve according to claim 18, wherein: The communication passage includes a communication groove formed on a surface of the armature shaft, wherein the communication groove extends along the first direction and communicates with the pilot valve cavity and the upper cavity.

21. The solenoid valve according to claim 20, wherein: The first end of the pilot valve stem has a connecting end, and the connecting end is connected to the armature shaft; The pilot valve stem includes a third communication hole penetrating the connection end along a second direction perpendicular to the first direction, and the third communication hole is communicated with the pilot valve cavity.

22. The solenoid valve according to claim 10, wherein: The second valve body portion further includes a fourth communication hole penetrating through the second plate-shaped valve body portion along the first direction, and the intermediate cavity is in communication with the fourth communication hole.

23. The solenoid valve according to claim 16, wherein: The main overflow valve portion further includes a second liquid inlet and a one-way push piece, wherein the one-way push piece is connected to the overflow valve body and includes a force-bearing surface facing the second liquid inlet; The one-way push piece is configured to move along the first direction under the thrust exerted by the fluid from the second liquid inlet during the reverse operation of the solenoid valve, thereby driving the overflow valve body to move along the first direction to form a second overflow valve port between the overflow valve body and the overflow valve seat.

24. The solenoid valve according to claim 23, wherein: During the forward operation of the solenoid valve, the second liquid inlet serves as a liquid outlet, and the fluid discharged from the first overflow valve port is discharged from the solenoid valve through the liquid outlet.

25. A shock absorber comprising the solenoid valve according to any one of claims 1-24.

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