Drilling fluid cooling control method and cooling system

Abstract

The invention discloses a drilling fluid cooling control method and a cooling system, and relates to the technical field of petroleum and natural gas drilling, the method comprises the following steps: in the cooling process of the drilling fluid, cooling the drilling fluid by utilizing air cooling heat dissipation; the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline is evaluated through the thermal imaging technology, the temperature of the drilling fluid at an outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline is obtained, when the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline exceeds a specified threshold value, the water cooling system is controlled to be started, water cooling is executed through water supply of the spraying pump, and cooling is conducted in combination with air cooling and water cooling. Meanwhile, the invention provides a cooling system comprising the control method. By adopting the control method, the cooling efficiency of the drilling fluid can be comprehensively evaluated, the cooling effect can be accurately controlled, and independent air cooling or comprehensive use of air cooling and water cooling can be automatically controlled, so that the energy consumption of the whole cooling system is reduced, and the service life of equipment is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas drilling, and more specifically to a method and system for controlling the cooling of drilling fluid. Background Art

[0002] During the drilling of the horizontal section of shale gas and shale oil wells, the temperature of the bottom-hole drilling fluid often reaches as high as 130 - 155°C, resulting in a high failure rate of tools such as rotary steerable systems and positive displacement motors, and serious data loss severely restricts the drilling speed of the reservoir and increases the drilling cost. Therefore, it is very necessary to cool the drilling fluid in a timely manner during drilling operations to make it reach an appropriate temperature. To address the "high temperature" problem in the horizontal section of deep shale gas, a drilling fluid cooling device can solve prominent problems such as long drilling operation cycles, slow machine speeds, and severe tool damage.

[0003] Chinese patent document with publication number CN116927688A and publication date October 24, 2023 discloses a method and system for cooling drilling fluid, including an inlet liquid heat exchange tube, an intermediate heat exchange tube, and an outlet liquid heat exchange tube. The two ends of the intermediate heat exchange tube are respectively connected to the inlet liquid heat exchange tube and the outlet liquid heat exchange tube. The outlet liquid heat exchange tube, the intermediate heat exchange tube, and the inlet liquid heat exchange tube are arranged from top to bottom in sequence. Confluence devices are provided at the connection ends of the intermediate heat exchange tube with the inlet liquid heat exchange tube and the outlet liquid heat exchange tube. The confluence device includes a confluence groove and a sealing plate. One side of the confluence groove is connected to the sealing plate, and the connection between the confluence groove and the sealing plate is detachable. The intermediate heat exchange tube is evenly distributed in several layers, and confluence devices are connected between adjacent layers of the intermediate heat exchange tubes. The intermediate heat exchange tube is connected to the inlet liquid heat exchange tube and the outlet liquid heat exchange tube respectively through the confluence groove. This invention solves the problems in the existing device that the drilling fluid is prone to losing stability, the sprayed water cannot be recycled, and the drilling fluid needs confluence and buffering during circulation.

[0004] However, in the prior art represented by the above patent document, when cooling the drilling fluid, due to the inability to accurately control the cooling effect of the drilling fluid, the conventional operation method is to turn on the air cooling, water cooling, and evaporation cooling devices simultaneously once the work starts. On the one hand, this increases the energy consumption of the entire cooling system, and on the other hand, long-term operation will also shorten the service life of the entire equipment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to address the defects and deficiencies of the above prior art, and provides a method for controlling the cooling of drilling fluid. By using this control method, the cooling efficiency of the drilling fluid can be comprehensively evaluated, the cooling effect can be accurately controlled, and it can be automatically controlled whether to use air cooling alone or a combination of air cooling and water cooling, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire cooling system and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0006] Meanwhile, the present invention also provides a cooling system with this cooling control function.

[0007] The present invention is achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0008] A method for controlling the cooling of drilling fluid, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: During the process of cooling the drilling fluid, air-cooled heat dissipation is used to cool the drilling fluid.

[0010] Step 2: Use thermal imaging technology to evaluate the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline, obtain the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline. When the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline exceeds the specified threshold, control the water-cooling system to open, supply water using a spray pump to perform water cooling, and combine air cooling and water cooling for cooling.

[0011] Furthermore, the specific content of Step 1 includes:

[0012] S1: During the drilling process, the drilling fluid pumped out from the well enters the heat dissipation pipeline from the mud inlet. Open the fresh air heat dissipation machine, introduce the cold air outside the cooling box, and blow it towards the heat dissipation pipeline. The cooled drilling fluid is discharged from the mud outlet.

[0013] Furthermore, the specific content of Step 2 includes:

[0014] S2: The thermal imaging camera obtains the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline, performs cropping processing on the thermal imaging image, and retains the pixels of the heat dissipation pipeline.

[0015] S3: On the heat dissipation pipeline, take each layer of coil as a unit, and divide each layer of coil into heat dissipation sub-units.

[0016] S4: According to the flow direction of the drilling fluid, in the heat dissipation sub-unit, take the end where the drilling fluid flows in as the heat dissipation starting end, and the end where the drilling fluid flows out as the heat dissipation ending end. Take the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section with the same length d at the heat dissipation starting end and the heat dissipation ending end respectively.

[0017] S5: Extract the temperature t corresponding to each pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section, and calculate the temperature value T1 of the first sub-heat dissipation section and the temperature value T2 of the second sub-heat dissipation section:

[0018]

[0019] where, i1 is the number of pixels in the first sub-heat dissipation section, i2 is the number of pixels in the second sub-heat dissipation section, is the temperature corresponding to the i1-th pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation section, is the temperature corresponding to the i2-th pixel in the second sub-heat dissipation section, and n is the number of pixels included in the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section;

[0020] S6: Calculate the heat dissipation efficiency η per unit length of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit:

[0021]

[0022] where r is the radius of the coil, θ is the central angle of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit, and l is the length of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit;

[0023] S7: Calculate the average heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline under the air-cooled heat dissipation conditions given by the current fresh air heat dissipation machine

[0024]

[0025] where η e is the heat dissipation efficiency η of the e-th heat dissipation sub-unit, e is the number of the heat dissipation sub-unit, and m is the number of coil layers of the heat dissipation pipeline;

[0026] S8: Use the average heat dissipation efficiency to calculate the heat dissipation amount T′ of the entire heat dissipation pipeline under the current air-cooled heat dissipation conditions: L is the length of the heat dissipation pipeline;

[0027] S9: According to the temperature K1 at the mud inlet of the drilling fluid input, calculate the temperature K2 at the mud outlet after the drilling fluid is cooled in the heat dissipation pipeline under the current air-cooled conditions: K2 = K1 - T′;

[0028] S10: Set the target temperature K threshold after the drilling fluid is cooled, and calculate the difference between the temperature K2 and the target temperature K threshold; if (K2 - K 阈值 ) > 0, it is determined that the drilling fluid has not been cooled to the target temperature under the current air-cooled heat dissipation conditions, and go to step S12; if (K2 - K 阈值 ) ≤ 0, it is determined that the drilling fluid has been cooled to the target temperature under the current air-cooled heat dissipation conditions, and go to step S11;

[0029] S11: After an interval of the set time, the thermal imaging camera acquires the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline again and returns to step S2;

[0030] S12: Calculate the difference ΔK = K2 - K 阈值 between the temperature K2 and the target temperature K threshold, and calculate the required water-cooled heat dissipation flow rate V according to the difference ΔK:

[0031]

[0032] where ρ is the density of water, a is the heat transfer coefficient between water and the heat dissipation pipeline, F is the outer surface area of the heat dissipation pipeline, t′ is the time for the drilling fluid to move in the heat dissipation pipeline, v is the speed at which the drilling fluid is transported into the heat dissipation pipeline, and q is the latent heat of water;

[0033] S13: Turn on the spray pump to supply water to the water-cooled pipeline and control the flow rate in the water-cooled pipeline to reach V; after an interval of a set time, the thermal imaging camera acquires the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline again and returns to step S2.

[0034] A drilling fluid cooling system, characterized in that it includes a cooling tank, a water collecting tank is arranged at the bottom of the cooling tank, a heat dissipation pipeline is arranged above the water collecting tank, the heat dissipation pipeline is a coil structure, the upper end of the heat dissipation pipeline is connected to the mud outlet arranged at the upper end of the cooling tank, and the lower end of the heat dissipation pipeline is connected to the mud inlet arranged at the lower end of the cooling tank; a fresh air radiator is arranged on the side wall of the cooling tank beside the heat dissipation pipeline, and an air inlet window is arranged on the side wall of the cooling tank, and the fresh air radiator faces the side of the heat dissipation pipe; a water-cooled pipeline is arranged above the heat dissipation pipeline, and a number of nozzles for spraying cooling water to the heat dissipation pipeline are arranged on the water-cooled pipeline, one end of the water-cooled pipeline is connected to a water supply pipe, a spray pump is arranged on the water supply pipe, the water supply pipe is connected to the bottom of the water collecting tank, and a hot air outlet is arranged at the upper end of the cooling tank;

[0035] A thermal imaging camera is arranged on the side of the cooling tank, and the heat dissipation pipeline is divided into several heat dissipation sub-units in units of each layer of coil, and the thermal imaging camera is used to take the thermal imaging image on the heat dissipation sub-unit.

[0036] Further, a water temperature sensor is arranged at the connection of the water-cooled pipeline and the water supply pipe, and the water temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the cooling water in the water supply pipe.

[0037] Further, a water pressure sensor is arranged at the connection of the water-cooled pipeline and the water supply pipe, and the water pressure sensor is used to detect the water pressure in the water supply pipe.

[0038] Further, a flow sensor is arranged at the connection of the water-cooled pipeline and the water supply pipe, and the flow sensor is used to detect the flow rate of the cooling water in the water supply pipe.

[0039] Further, a flow velocity sensor and a water pressure sensor are arranged at the upper end of the heat dissipation pipeline, and the flow velocity sensor is used to detect the flow velocity of the drilling fluid in the heat dissipation pipeline.

[0040] Further, a hot air fan is arranged in the hot air outlet, and a number of PVC heat dissipation fins are arranged between the hot air outlet and the water-cooled pipeline, and the PVC heat dissipation fins are laid at intervals on the support frame arranged on the side wall of the cooling tank.

[0041] Further, a PVC heat dissipation block is arranged in the water collecting tank, a honeycomb structure is arranged on the PVC heat dissipation block, and the lower end of the PVC heat dissipation block is connected to a radiator.

[0042] Further, the bottom of the water collecting tank is connected to a sewage pipe, and the sewage pipe is connected to a sewage pump.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects achieved by the present invention are as follows:

[0044] 1. This control method adopts Step 1 and Step 2, preferentially uses air cooling to cool the drilling mud, and uses thermal imaging technology to evaluate the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline, obtaining the temperature of the drilling mud at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline, ensuring that the temperature of the heat dissipation pipeline for cooling the drilling mud can meet the requirements. When the air cooling cannot meet the requirements, the water cooling system is promptly turned on, and the spray pump is used to supply water to perform water cooling, combining air cooling and water cooling for cooling together. While ensuring the cooling effect, it can further reduce the energy consumption of the cooling system, with high heat exchange efficiency, stable operation, no environmental pollution, and long equipment service life.

[0045] 2. This control method can comprehensively evaluate the cooling efficiency of the drilling fluid, accurately control the cooling effect, and automatically control whether to use air cooling alone or a combination of air cooling and water cooling, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire cooling system and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0046] 3. This cooling system cools the drilling mud by combining the principles of air cooling, water cooling, and evaporation cooling. The spray water is stored in the water collecting tray of the cooling tank, and the drilling mud circulates in a closed loop within the heat dissipation coil of the closed cooling tank. The spray water cooled by the external circulation is pumped by the spray pump, distributed through the water cooling pipeline, and evenly sprinkled through the nozzles, and undergoes sufficient heat exchange with the dry cold air drawn in by the fan, resulting in a temperature reduction. It is sprinkled on the surface of the heat dissipation pipeline, and the cold water wrapped on the wall of the heat dissipation pipeline absorbs a large amount of heat, forming saturated humid hot air, and the heat is discharged by the top fan. During the rising process of the hot air, it comes into contact with the surface of the PVC heat dissipation fins and is cooled into water flow and returns to the water collecting tray after temperature reduction; the entire cooling and temperature reduction system uses soft water to form a closed loop, and the water quality is clean.

[0047] 4. This cooling system, through the close cooperation of a thermal imaging camera, water temperature sensor, flow sensor, water pressure sensor, etc. with other air-cooling and water-cooling structures, divides the heat dissipation pipeline into several heat dissipation sub-units with each layer of coil as a unit. The thermal imaging camera is used to capture the thermal imaging images on the heat dissipation sub-units, and through calculation, the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline is obtained, so as to comprehensively evaluate the cooling efficiency of the drilling fluid, accurately control the cooling effect, and automatically control whether to use air cooling alone or a combination of air cooling and water cooling, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire cooling system and extending the service life of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0048] The following will further elaborate on the present invention in conjunction with the specification drawings and specific embodiments, where:

[0049] Figure 1 It is the structural diagram of the drilling mud cooling system.

[0050] Figure 2Schematic diagram for calculating heat dissipation efficiency by thermal imaging.

[0051] Among them, 1. Hot air outlet, 2. PVC heat sink, 3. Fan, 4. Water cooling pipe, 5. Sprinkler head, 6. Water supply pipe, 7. Heat dissipation pipe, 8. Thermal imaging camera, 9. Fresh air heat dissipator, 10. Spraying pump, 11. Mud inlet, 12. Water collecting tank, 13. PVC heat dissipation block, 14. Radiator, 15. Flow velocity sensor, 16. Sewage pump, 17. Sewage pipe, 18. Flow sensor. Specific implementation manners

[0052] The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described below to facilitate those skilled in the art of the present technology to understand the present invention. However, it should be clear that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the specific implementation manners. For those of ordinary skill in the art of the present technology, as long as various changes are within the spirit and scope of the present invention defined and determined by the appended claims, these changes are obvious, and all inventions created using the concept of the present invention are within the scope of protection.

[0053] Embodiment 1

[0054] The present invention provides a method for controlling the cooling of drilling fluid, which includes the following steps: Step 1: During the process of cooling the drilling fluid, air-cooled heat dissipation is used to cool the drilling fluid; Step 2: The heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipe is evaluated by using thermal imaging technology to obtain the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipe. When the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipe exceeds the specified threshold, the water cooling system is controlled to be turned on, and water is supplied by the spraying pump to perform water cooling, and air cooling and water cooling are combined for cooling.

[0055] This embodiment is the most basic implementation manner of the present invention, providing a practical and effective method for controlling the cooling of drilling fluid, which can comprehensively evaluate the cooling efficiency of the drilling fluid, accurately control the cooling effect, and automatically control whether to use air cooling alone or a combination of air cooling and water cooling, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire cooling system and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0056] Embodiment 2

[0057] As the best implementation manner of this control method, the control method includes the following steps:

[0058] S1: During the drilling process, the drilling mud pumped out from the well enters the heat dissipation pipe 7 from the mud inlet 11. The fresh air heat dissipator 9 is turned on to introduce the cold air outside the cooling box and blow it towards the heat dissipation pipe 7. The cooled drilling mud is discharged from the mud outlet.

[0059] S2: The thermal imaging camera 8 acquires the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipe 7, and the thermal imaging image is cropped to retain the pixels of the heat dissipation pipe 7.

[0060] S3: AsFigure 2 As shown, on the heat dissipation pipeline 7, taking each layer of coil as a unit, each layer of coil is divided into heat dissipation sub-units.

[0061] S4: According to the flow direction of the drilling mud, in the heat dissipation sub-unit, the end where the drilling mud flows in is taken as the heat dissipation starting end, and the end where the drilling mud flows out is taken as the heat dissipation ending end. At the heat dissipation starting end and the heat dissipation ending end, a first sub-heat dissipation section and a second sub-heat dissipation section with the same length d are respectively taken.

[0062] S5: Extract the temperature t corresponding to each pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section, and calculate the temperature value T1 of the first sub-heat dissipation section and the temperature value T2 of the second sub-heat dissipation section.

[0063]

[0064] Among them, i1 is the number of the pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation section, i2 is the number of the pixel in the second sub-heat dissipation section. is the temperature corresponding to the i1-th pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation section. is the temperature corresponding to the i2-th pixel in the second sub-heat dissipation section, and n is the number of pixels included in the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section.

[0065] S6: Calculate the heat dissipation efficiency η per unit length of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit:

[0066]

[0067] Among them, r is the radius of the coil, θ is the central angle of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit, and l is the length of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit.

[0068] The front image of the heat dissipation pipeline 7 taken by the thermal imaging camera. The heat dissipation sub-unit is actually the projected area of a single coil section. In the actual heat dissipation process, the heat dissipation sub-unit is a sector arc related to the diameter of the coil section. Therefore, the length of the sector arc can be calculated according to the central angle corresponding to the coil section and the coil radius of the heat dissipation pipeline.

[0069] S7: Calculate the average value of the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline 7 under the air-cooled heat dissipation condition given by the current fresh air heat dissipation machine 9.

[0070]

[0071] Among them, η e is the heat dissipation efficiency η of the e-th heat dissipation sub-unit, e is the number of the heat dissipation sub-unit, and m is the number of coil layers of the heat dissipation pipeline 7.

[0072] S8: Use the average value of the heat dissipation efficiency to calculate the heat dissipation amount T′ of the entire heat dissipation pipeline 7 under the current air-cooled heat dissipation condition. L is the length of the heat dissipation pipeline 7;

[0073] S9: Calculate the temperature K2 of the drilling mud discharged from the mud outlet after cooling in the heat dissipation pipeline 7 under the current air-cooling condition according to the temperature K1 of the drilling mud input into the mud inlet 11: K2 = K1 - T';

[0074] S10: Set the target temperature K of the drilling mud after cooling 阈值 , calculate the difference between the temperature K2 and the target temperature K 阈值 ; if (K2 - K 阈值 ) > 0, it is determined that the drilling mud has not been cooled to the target temperature under the current air-cooling heat dissipation condition, and go to step S12; if (K2 - K 阈值 ) ≤ 0, it is determined that the drilling mud has been cooled to the target temperature under the current air-cooling heat dissipation condition, and go to step S11;

[0075] S11: After an interval of the set time, the thermal imaging camera 8 acquires the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline 7 again, and returns to step S2;

[0076] S12: Calculate the difference ΔK = K2 - K 阈值 between the temperature K2 and the target temperature K, and calculate the required water-cooling heat dissipation flow rate V according to the difference ΔK: 阈值 where ρ is the density of water, a is the heat transfer coefficient between water and the heat dissipation pipeline 7, F is the outer surface area of the heat dissipation pipeline 7, t' is the time for the drilling mud to move in the heat dissipation pipeline 7, v is the speed of the drilling mud transported into the heat dissipation pipeline 7, and q is the latent heat of water;

[0077]

[0078] S13: Open the spray pump 10 to supply water to the water-cooling pipeline 4, and control the flow rate in the water-cooling pipeline 4 to reach V; after an interval of the set time, the thermal imaging camera 8 acquires the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline 7 again, and returns to step S2.

[0079] During the process of cooling the drilling mud, the entire cooling and temperature reduction system preferentially uses air-cooling to cool the drilling mud, and uses thermal imaging technology to evaluate the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline 7 to obtain the temperature of the drilling mud at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline 7, ensuring that the temperature of the heat dissipation pipeline 7 for cooling the drilling mud can meet the requirements. When the air-cooling heat dissipation cannot meet the requirements, the water-cooling system is opened in time, and the spray pump 10 is used to supply water to perform water-cooling, and the air-cooling and water-cooling are combined for cooling. While ensuring the cooling effect, it can further reduce the energy consumption of the cooling system, with high heat transfer efficiency, stable operation, no environmental pollution, and long service life of the equipment.

[0080] Example 3

[0081] Example 3

[0082] As the best embodiment of this cooling system, as Figure 1 shown, the drilling mud cooling system of this solution includes a cooling tank. A water collecting tank 12 is provided at the bottom of the cooling tank. A heat dissipation pipe 7 is provided above the water collecting tank 12. The heat dissipation pipe 7 is in a spiral pipe structure. The upper end of the heat dissipation pipe 7 is connected to the mud outlet provided at the upper end of the cooling tank, and the lower end of the heat dissipation pipe 7 is connected to the mud inlet 11 provided at the lower end of the cooling tank. A fresh air heat dissipation machine 9 is provided on the side wall of the cooling tank beside the heat dissipation pipe 7, and an air inlet window is provided on the side wall of the cooling tank. The fresh air heat dissipation machine 9 faces the side of the heat dissipation pipe. A water cooling pipe 4 is provided above the heat dissipation pipe 7. A number of nozzles 5 for spraying cooling water onto the heat dissipation pipe 7 are provided on the water cooling pipe 4. One end of the water cooling pipe 4 is connected to a water supply pipe 6. A spray pump 10 is provided on the water supply pipe 6. The water supply pipe 6 is connected to the bottom of the water collecting tank 12. A hot air outlet 1 is provided at the upper end of the cooling tank. A thermal imaging camera is provided on the side of the cooling tank. The heat dissipation pipe is divided into several heat dissipation sub-units with each layer of coil as a unit. The thermal imaging camera is used to take thermal imaging images on the heat dissipation sub-units. Through the close cooperation of the thermal imaging camera, water temperature sensor, flow sensor, water pressure sensor, etc. with other air-cooled and water-cooled structures, the heat dissipation pipe is divided into several heat dissipation sub-units with each layer of coil as a unit. The thermal imaging camera is used to take thermal imaging images on the heat dissipation sub-units, and the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipe is obtained through calculation, so as to comprehensively evaluate the cooling efficiency of the drilling fluid, accurately control the cooling effect and automatically control whether to use air cooling alone or a combination of air cooling and water cooling, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the entire cooling system and extending the service life of the equipment.

[0083] In this embodiment, a hot air fan 3 is provided in the hot air outlet 1. A number of PVC heat dissipation fins 2 are provided between the hot air outlet 1 and the water cooling pipe 4. The PVC heat dissipation fins 2 are laid at intervals on the support frame provided on the side wall of the cooling tank. After the sprayed water exchanges heat on the heat dissipation pipe 7, hot steam is formed. The hot steam is cooled by the PVC heat dissipation fins 2 during the rising process and then forms liquid water, avoiding excessive loss of cooling water.

[0084] In this embodiment, a PVC heat dissipation block 13 is provided in the water collecting tank 12. The PVC heat dissipation block 13 is provided with a honeycomb structure. The lower end of the PVC heat dissipation block 13 is connected to a radiator 14. The PVC heat dissipation block 13 is used to dissipate heat from the cooling water in the water collecting tank 12, avoid the cooling water temperature from being too high, and improve the cooling effect.

[0085] In this embodiment, the bottom of the water collecting tank 12 is connected to a sewage discharge pipe 17. The sewage discharge pipe 17 is connected to a sewage pump 16. When too much impurities accumulate at the bottom of the water collecting tank 12, they are discharged through the sewage pump 16.

[0086] In this embodiment, a water pressure sensor, a flow sensor 18, and a water temperature sensor are provided at the connection between the water cooling pipe 4 and the water supply pipe 6. The water pressure sensor detects the water pressure in the water supply pipe 6 to avoid excessive water pressure on the water supply pipe 6; the flow sensor 18 detects the flow rate of the cooling water in the water supply pipe 6, and the water temperature sensor detects the temperature of the cooling water in the water supply pipe 6; a flow velocity sensor 15 and a pressure sensor are also provided at the upper end of the heat dissipation pipe 7, and the flow velocity sensor 15 detects the flow velocity of the drilling mud in the heat dissipation pipe 7.

[0087] This solution cools the drilling mud by combining the principles of air cooling, water cooling, and evaporation cooling. The spray water is stored in the water collection tray of the cooling tank. The drilling mud circulates in a closed loop in the heat dissipation coil of the closed cooling tank. The spray water cooled by the external circulation is pumped by the spray pump 10, distributed by the water cooling pipe 4, and evenly sprinkled through the nozzles 5, and then undergoes sufficient heat exchange with the dry cold air drawn in by the fan 3, resulting in a temperature drop. It then falls on the surface of the heat dissipation pipe 7, and the cold water wrapped around the wall of the heat dissipation pipe 7 absorbs a large amount of heat, forming saturated humid hot air. The heat is discharged by the top fan 3. During the upward movement of the hot air, it comes into contact with the surface of the PVC heat dissipation fins 2 and is cooled into water and flows back to the water collection tray after temperature reduction; the entire cooling and temperature reduction system uses soft water to form a closed loop, and the water quality is clean.

Claims

1. A method for controlling the cooling of drilling fluid, characterized in that It includes the following steps: Step 1: During the process of cooling the drilling fluid, the drilling fluid is cooled by air-cooling heat dissipation. Step 2: Use thermal imaging technology to evaluate the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline (7), obtain the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline (7). When the temperature of the drilling fluid at the outlet of the heat dissipation pipeline (7) exceeds the specified threshold, control the water-cooling system to turn on, supply water by the spray pump (10) to perform water-cooling, and combine air-cooling and water-cooling for cooling.

2. The drilling fluid cooling control method according to claim 1, wherein: The specific content of the above Step 1 includes: S1: During the drilling process, the drilling fluid pumped out from the well enters the heat dissipation pipeline (7) from the mud inlet (11), turn on the fresh air heat dissipation machine (9), introduce the cold air outside the cooling box, and blow it towards the heat dissipation pipeline (7). The cooled drilling fluid is discharged from the mud outlet.

3. The drilling fluid cooling control method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The specific content of the above Step 2 includes: S2: The thermal imaging camera obtains the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline, performs cropping processing on the thermal imaging image, and retains the pixels of the heat dissipation pipeline. S3: Taking each layer of coil as a unit on the heat dissipation pipeline, divide each layer of coil into heat dissipation sub-units. S4: According to the flow direction of the drilling fluid, take the end where the drilling fluid flows in as the heat dissipation starting end and the end where the drilling fluid flows out as the heat dissipation ending end within the heat dissipation sub-unit, and take the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section with the same length d at the heat dissipation starting end and the heat dissipation ending end respectively. S5: Extract the temperature t corresponding to each pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation section and the second sub-heat dissipation section, and calculate the temperature value T1 of the first sub-heat dissipation section and the temperature value T2 of the second sub-heat dissipation section. Wherein, i1 is the number of pixels in the first sub-heat dissipation segment, and i2 is the number of pixels in the second sub-heat dissipation segment. is the temperature corresponding to the i1-th pixel in the first sub-heat dissipation segment. is the temperature corresponding to the i2-th pixel in the second sub-heat dissipation segment, and n is the number of pixels included in the first sub-heat dissipation segment and the second sub-heat dissipation segment. S6: Calculate the heat dissipation efficiency η per unit length of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit: where r is the radius of the coil, θ is the central angle of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit, and l is the length of the coil section corresponding to the heat dissipation sub-unit. S7: Calculate the average heat dissipation efficiency of the heat dissipation pipeline under the air-cooled heat dissipation conditions given by the current fresh air heat dissipation machine Among them, η e is the heat dissipation efficiency η of the e-th heat dissipation sub-unit, e is the number of the heat dissipation sub-unit, and m is the number of layers of the heat dissipation pipe coil; S8: Using the average heat dissipation efficiency Calculate the heat dissipation amount T' of the entire heat dissipation pipeline under the current air-cooled heat dissipation condition: L is the length of the heat dissipation pipeline; S9: According to the temperature K1 of the drilling fluid input into the mud inlet, calculate the temperature K2 of the drilling fluid discharged from the mud outlet after being cooled in the heat dissipation pipeline under the current air-cooling condition: K2 = K1 - T'. S10: Set the threshold value K of the target temperature after the drilling fluid is cooled, and calculate the difference between the temperature K2 and the threshold value K of the target temperature; if (K2 - K 阈值 ) > 0, it is determined that the drilling fluid has not been cooled to the target temperature under the current air-cooled heat dissipation condition, and step S12 is entered; if (K2 - K 阈值 ) ≤ 0, it is determined that the drilling fluid has been cooled to the target temperature under the current air-cooled heat dissipation condition, and step S11 is entered; S11: After an interval of the set time, the thermal imaging camera obtains the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline again, and returns to Step S2. S12: Calculate the difference ΔK = K2 - K between the temperature K2 and the target temperature K threshold, and calculate the required water-cooling heat dissipation flow rate V based on the difference ΔK: 阈值 , and calculate the required water-cooling heat dissipation flow rate V based on the difference ΔK: where ρ is the density of water, a is the heat transfer coefficient between water and the heat dissipation pipeline, F is the outer surface area of the heat dissipation pipeline, t' is the time for the drilling fluid to move in the heat dissipation pipeline, v is the speed of the drilling fluid transported into the heat dissipation pipeline, and q is the latent heat of water. S13: Turn on the spray pump to supply water to the water-cooling pipeline, and control the flow rate in the water-cooling pipeline to reach V; after an interval of the set time, the thermal imaging camera obtains the thermal imaging image of the heat dissipation pipeline again, and returns to Step S2.

4. A drilling fluid cooling system, characterized in that It includes a cooling tank. A water collecting tank (12) is provided at the bottom of the cooling tank. Above the water collecting tank (12), a heat dissipation pipe (7) is provided. The heat dissipation pipe (7) is of a coil structure. The upper end of the heat dissipation pipe (7) is connected to a mud outlet provided at the upper end of the cooling tank, and the lower end of the heat dissipation pipe (7) is connected to a mud inlet (11) provided at the lower end of the cooling tank. A fresh air heat dissipation machine (9) is provided on the side wall of the cooling tank beside the heat dissipation pipe (7), and an air inlet window is provided on the side wall of the cooling tank. The fresh air heat dissipation machine (9) faces the side of the heat dissipation pipe. Above the heat dissipation pipe (7), a water cooling pipe (4) is provided. A plurality of nozzles (5) for spraying cooling water to the heat dissipation pipe (7) are provided on the water cooling pipe (4). One end of the water cooling pipe (4) is connected to a water supply pipe (6). A spray pump (10) is provided on the water supply pipe (6). The water supply pipe (6) is connected to the bottom of the water collecting tank (12). A hot air outlet (1) is provided at the upper end of the cooling tank. A thermal imaging camera (8) is provided on the side of the cooling tank. The heat dissipation pipe (7) is divided into a number of heat dissipation sub-units with each layer of the coil as a unit. The thermal imaging camera (8) is used to capture the thermal imaging images on the heat dissipation sub-units.

5. The drilling fluid cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A water temperature sensor is provided at the connection of the water cooling pipe (4) and the water supply pipe (6). The water temperature sensor is used to detect the temperature of the cooling water in the water supply pipe (6).

6. The drilling fluid cooling system according to claim 5, characterized in that: A water pressure sensor is provided at the connection of the water cooling pipe (4) and the water supply pipe (6). The water pressure sensor is used to detect the water pressure in the water supply pipe (6).

7. The drilling fluid cooling system according to claim 6, characterized in that: A flow sensor (18) is provided at the connection of the water cooling pipe (4) and the water supply pipe (6). The flow sensor (18) is used to detect the flow rate of the cooling water in the water supply pipe (6).

8. The drilling fluid cooling system according to claim 4, characterized in that: A flow velocity sensor (15) and a water pressure sensor are provided at the upper end of the heat dissipation pipe (7). The flow velocity sensor (15) is used to detect the flow velocity of the drilling fluid in the heat dissipation pipe (7).

9. The drilling fluid cooling system according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that: A hot air fan (3) is provided in the hot air outlet (1). A number of PVC heat dissipation fins (2) are provided between the hot air outlet (1) and the water cooling pipe (4). The PVC heat dissipation fins (2) are laid at intervals on a support frame provided on the side wall of the cooling tank.

10. The drilling fluid cooling system according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that: A PVC heat dissipation block (13) is provided in the water collecting tank (12). The PVC heat dissipation block (13) is provided with a honeycomb structure. The lower end of the PVC heat dissipation block (13) is connected to a radiator (14).

11. The drilling fluid cooling system according to any one of claims 4-8, characterized in that: The bottom of the water collecting tank (12) is connected to a sewage pipe (17). The sewage pipe (17) is connected to a sewage pump (16).

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