A device and method for testing the tensile stress relaxation of silicone rubber for cable accessories

Abstract

The present application discloses a device and method for conducting a tensile stress relaxation test on silicone rubber for cable accessories. The device comprises an experimental box, a translation mechanism, a first simulation mechanism, a second simulation mechanism, and a tensioning mechanism. The experimental box comprises an outer box and a mobile box. The translation mechanism is used to drive the mobile box to a first position or a second position within a mobile channel. The first simulation mechanism comprises a first temperature and humidity adjustment member and an ultraviolet emitter. The second simulation mechanism comprises a second temperature and humidity adjustment member and an acid mist spraying member. The tensioning mechanism is installed within the mobile box and is used to clamp and tension a number of silicone rubber samples. The present application can simulate high temperature and rain, two environmental conditions that have a significant impact on silicone rubber aging, and can achieve alternating switching of environmental conditions. It highly restores the complex environmental change patterns faced by silicone rubber products during actual use, making the experimental results more in line with actual use conditions and revealing the tensile stress relaxation characteristics of silicone rubber in a multi-physics field coupling environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of rubber tensile stress relaxation experiments, and in particular to a device and method for conducting a tensile stress relaxation experiment of silicone rubber for cable accessories. Background Art

[0002] The rubber tensile stress relaxation experiment is crucial in the field of rubber material performance research. It can effectively reveal the characteristic that the internal stress of the rubber material gradually decays over time when subjected to constant tensile strain, and plays an irreplaceable role in in-depth understanding of the mechanical properties and service life of rubber materials.

[0003] Silicone rubber, due to its high elasticity, excellent mechanical properties, and superior electrical performance, has found widespread application in cross-linked polyethylene cable accessories. It also has a wide range of applications in various environments. For example, in high-voltage transmission lines, silicone rubber insulators ensure safe and stable power transmission; in the sealing of building curtain walls, silicone rubber sealants play a key role in waterproofing, dustproofing, and soundproofing; and automotive door and window seals utilize silicone rubber to ensure a tight seal and comfortable interior.

[0004] However, silicone rubber products face complex and harsh environmental challenges during actual use. High temperatures, exposure to sunlight, and rain are the most significant factors affecting the aging of silicone rubber products. High temperatures damage the molecular structure of silicone rubber, causing molecular chains to break, accelerating the aging process. Rain, on the other hand, significantly increases humidity, and rainwater typically has a certain acidity, which chemically reacts with silicone rubber, further exacerbating aging. More critically, high temperatures, exposure to sunlight, and rain do not exist in isolation but occur in a recurring pattern. This complex pattern of environmental changes further accelerates the aging of silicone rubber products, severely impacting their performance and service life.

[0005] Currently, existing rubber tensile stress relaxation experiments are typically designed to consider only fixed combinations of specific environmental parameters, focusing on studying the stress relaxation characteristics of rubber under a single, stable environment. However, this experimental approach ignores the impact of switching between different environmental conditions on rubber aging. Due to the frequent changes in conditions in the real world, existing experimental methods are unable to accurately simulate the aging process of silicone rubber products in real-world environments, resulting in significant deviations between experimental results and actual usage, making it difficult to meet the needs of silicone rubber product performance evaluation in a multi-physics coupled environment. Therefore, it is of urgent practical significance to develop an experimental device and method that can comprehensively consider the switching between different environmental conditions and their impact on the tensile stress relaxation of silicone rubber. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, the present application provides a device and method for testing the tensile stress relaxation of silicone rubber for cable accessories.

[0007] The present application provides a device and method for testing the tensile stress relaxation of silicone rubber for cable accessories using the following technical solutions:

[0008] A silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories, comprising:

[0009] An experimental box, comprising an outer box and a movable box, wherein the outer box has a movable passage, the movable box is slidably arranged in the movable passage, and the upper end of the movable box is open;

[0010] a translation mechanism connected to the moving box and used to drive the moving box to move to a first position or a second position in the moving channel;

[0011] a first simulation mechanism, the first simulation mechanism comprising a first temperature and humidity adjustment member and an ultraviolet emitter, wherein when the mobile box reaches the first position, the first temperature and humidity adjustment member can adjust the temperature and humidity of the mobile box, and the ultraviolet emitter is used to emit ultraviolet rays into the mobile box;

[0012] a second simulation mechanism, the second simulation mechanism comprising a second temperature and humidity adjustment member and an acid mist injection member, wherein when the mobile box reaches the second position, the second temperature and humidity adjustment member can adjust the temperature and humidity of the mobile box, and the acid mist injection member is used to inject acid mist into the mobile box; and

[0013] The stretching mechanism is installed in the mobile box and is used to clamp and stretch a plurality of silicone rubber samples.

[0014] By adopting the above technical solutions, environmental conditions such as high temperature and rain that have a significant impact on silicone rubber aging can be simulated respectively, and alternating switching under multi-physics field coupling environmental conditions can be achieved, highly restoring the complex environmental change pattern faced by silicone rubber products in a multi-physics field coupling environment, making the experimental results more in line with actual usage; by stretching the silicone rubber samples in different simulated environments and during environmental switching through a tensioning mechanism, and monitoring the stress relaxation data in real time, the tensile stress relaxation characteristics of silicone rubber in a multi-physics field coupling environment can be fully and deeply revealed, providing strong data support for accurately evaluating the mechanical properties and service life of silicone rubber materials.

[0015] Preferably, the translation mechanism includes a first pulling component and a second pulling component, the first pulling component includes a first pulling motor, a first drum, a first pull rope and several first guide wheels, the fixed end of the first pulling motor is fixed in the outer box, the first drum is coaxially fixed to the output end of the first pulling motor, the first pull rope is wound around the first drum, and the free end of the first pull rope is connected to one end of the moving box, each of the first guide wheels is rotatably set on the outer box, and is used for the first pull rope to be wound around to guide the extension direction of the first pull rope, the second pulling component includes a second pulling motor, a second drum, a second pull rope and several second guide wheels, the fixed end of the second pulling motor is fixed in the outer box, the second drum is coaxially fixed to the output end of the second pulling motor, the second pull rope is wound around the second drum, and the free end of the second pull rope is connected to one end of the moving box, each of the second guide wheels is rotatably set on the outer box, and is used for the second pull rope to be wound around to guide the extension direction of the second pull rope.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution and setting up two pulling components, the mobile box can be flexibly moved in two directions, which can meet the needs of different experimental scenarios.

[0017] Preferably, a first mounting groove is formed above the outer box relative to the first position, and the first temperature and humidity adjustment component and the ultraviolet emitter are both installed in the first mounting groove; a second mounting groove is formed above the outer box relative to the second position, and the second temperature and humidity adjustment component and the acid mist injection component are both installed in the second mounting groove; the lower end of the movable box is opened, and a first collecting groove is formed below the outer box relative to the first position, and a second collecting groove is formed below the outer box relative to the second position.

[0018] By adopting this technical solution, a first collection trough and a second collection trough are respectively provided below the outer box relative to the first and second positions, effectively collecting debris that may fall from the silicone rubber samples during the aging process. In particular, the second collection trough not only collects the debris but also the liquid condensed from the acid mist sprayed by the acid mist spraying element. This design prevents debris and liquid from scattering within the device, preventing contamination and damage, and ensuring its normal operation.

[0019] Preferably, the acid mist injection component includes an atomizing nozzle, an acid liquid tank and a pump body. The atomizing nozzle is installed in the second installation groove, and the outlet of the atomizing nozzle is arranged toward the clamping position of the tensioning mechanism. The acid liquid tank is used to store acid liquid, the inlet of the pump body is connected to the acid liquid tank, and the outlet of the pump body is connected to the inlet of the atomizing nozzle.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, acid mist can be accurately applied to the silicone rubber sample in the clamping position of the tensioning mechanism, thereby accurately simulating the acid mist corrosion environment that the silicone rubber sample may face in actual use, providing reliable experimental conditions for testing the performance of the silicone rubber sample in the acid mist environment, making the test results closer to the actual situation, and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the test.

[0021] Preferably, the movable channel further has a third position, the outer box is provided with an operation opening above the third position, and the operation opening is provided with a cover that can be opened or closed.

[0022] By adopting the above technical solution, the cover can be opened to carry out the installation and removal tasks of the silicone rubber sample.

[0023] Preferably, an air inlet is provided on the cover plate; the silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories also includes an air extraction mechanism, the air extraction mechanism includes a suction pump and a suction pipe, the inlet of the suction pump is connected to one end of the suction pipe, and the other end of the suction pipe is connected to the third position in the movable channel.

[0024] By employing this technical solution, we effectively prevented the acid mist generated during the rain simulation from interfering with the high-temperature simulation. The presence of acid mist could alter the gas composition, humidity, and other conditions in the high-temperature environment, thereby affecting the aging test results of silicone rubber samples exposed to sunlight. By exhausting and replacing the gas, we ensured that the high-temperature simulation experiment was conducted in a relatively pure environment, ensuring that the test results more accurately reflected the aging performance of the silicone rubber samples in this environment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0025] Preferably, the tensioning mechanism includes a fixed rod, a base plate, two end plates, a double-headed screw, a handle, two movable plates and a guide rod, the fixed rod is fixed in the movable box, the base plate is fixed to the fixed rod, the two end plates are respectively fixed at two ends of the base plate, the two ends of the double-headed screw rod are respectively rotatably set on the two end plates, one end of the double-headed screw rod is fixed with the handle, the two movable plates are respectively provided with a first screw hole, the two ends of the double-headed screw rod are respectively threadedly connected to the first screw holes on the two end plates, the end plates are both installed with a first clamping piece, the first clamping piece is used to clamp one end of the silicone rubber sample, the movable plate is both installed with a tension measuring piece, the measuring end of the tension measuring piece is connected with a second clamping piece, the second clamping piece is used to clamp the other end of the silicone rubber sample, the two ends of the guide rod are respectively fixed to the two end plates, and the two movable plates are each provided with a guide hole for the guide rod to pass through.

[0026] By adopting this technical solution, the threaded connection between the double-ended lead screw and the screw hole on the movable plate enables precise adjustment of the movable plate's position, thereby precisely controlling the degree of stretching of the silicone rubber sample. This threaded drive offers high precision and stability, allowing silicone rubber samples to be stretched to specific lengths or elongation ratios according to experimental requirements, meeting the precise stretching requirements of different experiments. Furthermore, experiments on multiple silicone rubber samples can be performed simultaneously, improving experimental efficiency.

[0027] Preferably, the first clamping member includes a first clamping frame, a first clamping block and a first locking screw. The first clamping frame is fixed to the end plate. A second screw hole is provided on the first clamping frame. The first clamping block is slidably arranged on the first clamping frame. The first locking screw is threadedly connected to the second screw hole. The first locking screw is rotatably connected to the first clamping block.

[0028] By adopting the above technical solution, a larger clamping force can be generated to ensure that the silicone rubber sample will not loosen or slip during the tension test, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the experiment and the accuracy of the data.

[0029] Preferably, the second clamping member includes a second clamping frame, a second clamping block and a second locking screw. The second clamping frame is fixed to the measuring end of the tensile measuring member. A third screw hole is provided on the second clamping frame. The second clamping block is slidably arranged on the second clamping frame. The second locking screw is threadedly connected to the third screw hole. The second locking screw is rotatably connected to the second clamping block.

[0030] By employing this technical solution, the second clamping frame is fixed to the measuring end of the tensile force measuring member, providing a stable mounting position for the entire second clamping member. This allows the second clamping member to move stably with the tensile force measuring member during the tensile test, ensuring that the force applied to the silicone rubber sample during stretching is accurately transmitted to the tensile force measuring member.

[0031] The present invention also provides a tensile stress relaxation test method for silicone rubber for cable accessories, which is applicable to the tensile stress relaxation test device for silicone rubber for cable accessories and comprises the following steps:

[0032] Step 1: Experimental preparation: Several silicone rubber samples are fixed to a tensioning mechanism in a mobile box. The tensioning mechanism stretches the silicone rubber samples according to a predetermined stretching rate and continuously monitors the tensile force of the silicone rubber samples.

[0033] Step 2: High-temperature simulation stage: The translation mechanism drives the mobile box to the first position in the mobile channel. The first temperature and humidity adjustment member is activated to precisely adjust the temperature and humidity in the mobile box according to the preset experimental requirements to simulate a high-temperature environment. At the same time, the UV emitter is turned on to emit ultraviolet light into the mobile box to simulate strong UV radiation. The tensioning mechanism continuously monitors and records the tensile force changes of the silicone rubber sample in the high-temperature simulated environment.

[0034] Step 3: Rain simulation stage: After the preset time, the translation mechanism operates again, moving the mobile box to the second position in the mobile channel. The second temperature and humidity adjustment component starts to work, adjusting the temperature and humidity in the mobile box to create a high humidity environment similar to that in a rainy environment. The acid mist injection component is activated to spray acid mist into the mobile box to simulate the acidity of rainwater. The tensioning mechanism continuously monitors and records the tensile force change data of the silicone rubber sample in the high-temperature rain simulation environment.

[0035] Step 4: Cyclic switching and data acquisition: Based on experimental requirements, the translation mechanism can repeatedly switch the movable box between the first and second positions to simulate the alternating high temperature and rain conditions. The tensioning mechanism continuously monitors and records the tensile force change data of the silicone rubber sample.

[0036] Step 5: End of the experiment: After completing all the preset experimental cycles or reaching the experimental time, the translation mechanism moves the mobile box back to the initial position, stops the operation of the tensioning mechanism, the first simulation mechanism and the second simulation mechanism, takes out the silicone rubber sample, and ends the experiment. The tension change data of the silicone rubber sample recorded by the tensioning mechanism is used to obtain the degree of influence of high temperature, rain and the switching process between the two environments on the aging process of silicone rubber.

[0037] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

[0038] 1. This experimental setup can simulate high temperature and rain, two environmental conditions that significantly affect silicone rubber aging, and can alternate between these two conditions, highly recreating the complex environmental changes silicone rubber products face during actual use, making the experimental results more consistent with actual use. By stretching silicone rubber samples in different simulated environments and during environmental switching, and monitoring stress relaxation data in real time, the device can comprehensively and deeply reveal the tensile stress relaxation characteristics of silicone rubber in a multi-physics field coupling environment, providing strong data support for accurately evaluating the mechanical properties and service life of silicone rubber materials.

[0039] 2. The inlet of the suction pump is connected to one end of the suction pipe, and the other end of the suction pipe is connected to the third position in the mobile channel. The suction pump generates suction to extract the gas containing acid mist in the mobile box through the suction pipe to the outside of the equipment. While pumping, fresh air from the outside enters the mobile box through the air inlet on the cover. As the pumping proceeds, the gas containing acid mist in the mobile box is gradually pumped out, and fresh air is continuously replenished, thereby replacing the gas in the mobile box. Through the above arrangement, the interference of the gas containing acid mist generated by the rain simulation experiment on the high-temperature simulation experiment is effectively avoided. The presence of acid mist may change the gas composition, humidity and other conditions of the high-temperature environment, thereby affecting the aging test results of the silicone rubber sample under high-temperature conditions. Through pumping and gas replacement, it is ensured that the high-temperature simulation experiment is carried out in a relatively pure environment, so that the test results can more accurately reflect the aging performance of the silicone rubber sample in a high-temperature environment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0040] Figure 1 This is a structural schematic diagram of the silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories provided by one embodiment of the present application when the moving box moves to the first position;

[0041] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the left part of the structure of the silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories;

[0042] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Structural diagram of the tensioning mechanism in FIG.

[0043] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle area A;

[0044] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 A partial enlarged view of the middle area B;

[0045] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 A top view of the tensioning mechanism in FIG.

[0046] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories when the moving box moves to the second position;

[0047] Figure 8 yes Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the right part of the structure of the silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories;

[0048] Explanation of reference numerals: 1. Experimental box; 11. Outer box; 111. Moving channel; 112. First mounting slot; 113. Second mounting slot; 114. First collecting slot; 115. Second collecting slot; 116. Cover plate; 1161. Air inlet; 12. Moving box; 2. Translation mechanism; 21. First pulling assembly; 211. First pulling motor; 212. First reel; 213. First pull rope; 214. First guide wheel; 22. Second pulling assembly; 221. Second pulling motor; 222. Second reel; 223. Second pull rope; 224. Second guide wheel; 3. First simulation mechanism; 31. First temperature and humidity adjustment member; 32. Ultraviolet light generator Injector; 4. Second simulation mechanism; 41. Second temperature and humidity adjustment member; 42. Acid mist injection member; 421. Atomizing nozzle; 422. Acid liquid tank; 423. Pump body; 5. Tensioning mechanism; 51. Fixed rod; 52. Bottom plate; 53. End plate; 531. Guide rod; 54. Double-headed screw; 55. Handle; 56. Moving plate; 57. First clamping member; 571. First clamping frame; 572. First clamping block; 573. First locking screw; 58. Tension measuring member; 59. Second clamping member; 591. Second clamping frame; 592. Second clamping block; 593. Second locking screw; 6. Silicone rubber sample; 7. Air extraction mechanism; 71. Suction pump; 72. Suction tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The following is combined with Figures 1-8 This application is described in further detail.

[0050] The present application discloses a device for testing the tensile stress relaxation of silicone rubber used in cable accessories. Figure 1 The tensile stress relaxation experimental device of silicone rubber for cable accessories includes an experimental box 1, a translation mechanism 2, a first simulation mechanism 3, a second simulation mechanism 4 and a tensioning mechanism 5.

[0051] The experimental box 1 includes an outer box 11 and a movable box 12 . The outer box 11 has a movable passage 111 . The movable box 12 is slidably disposed in the movable passage 111 . The upper end of the movable box 12 is open.

[0052] The translation mechanism 2 is connected to the moving box 12 and is used to drive the moving box 12 to move to the first position or the second position in the moving channel 111 .

[0053] The first simulation mechanism 3 is used to simulate the rubber aging process under high temperature conditions. The first simulation mechanism 3 includes a first temperature and humidity adjustment component 31 and an ultraviolet emitter 32. When the mobile box 12 reaches the first position, the first temperature and humidity adjustment component 31 can adjust the temperature and humidity of the mobile box 12, and the ultraviolet emitter 32 is used to emit ultraviolet rays into the mobile box 12.

[0054] The second simulation mechanism 4 is used to simulate the rubber aging process under rain conditions. The second simulation mechanism 4 includes a second temperature and humidity adjustment component 41 and an acid mist injection component 42. When the mobile box 12 reaches the second position, the second temperature and humidity adjustment component 41 can adjust the temperature and humidity of the mobile box 12, and the acid mist injection component 42 is used to spray acid mist into the mobile box 12.

[0055] The stretching mechanism 5 is installed in the moving box 12 and is used to clamp and stretch a plurality of silicone rubber samples 6 .

[0056] The simulation process of the above-mentioned silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test device for cable accessories is as follows:

[0057] Step 1: Experimental preparation: Several silicone rubber samples 6 are fixed to the stretching mechanism 5 in the mobile box 12. The stretching mechanism 5 stretches the silicone rubber samples 6 according to a predetermined stretching rate and continuously monitors the tensile force of the silicone rubber samples 6.

[0058] Step 2: High-temperature simulation stage: The translation mechanism 2 drives the movable box 12 to the first position in the movable channel 111. The first temperature and humidity adjustment member 31 is activated to precisely adjust the temperature and humidity in the movable box 12 according to the preset experimental requirements to simulate a high-temperature environment. At the same time, the ultraviolet emitter 32 is turned on to emit ultraviolet rays into the movable box 12 to simulate strong ultraviolet radiation. The tensioning mechanism 5 continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6 in the high-temperature simulated environment.

[0059] Step 3: Rain simulation stage: After a preset time, the translation mechanism 2 operates again to move the movable box 12 to the second position in the movable channel 111. The second temperature and humidity adjustment member 41 starts to work to adjust the temperature and humidity in the movable box 12 to create a high humidity environment similar to a rain environment. The acid mist injection member 42 is activated to spray acid mist into the movable box 12 to simulate the acidity of rainwater. The tensioning mechanism 5 continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6 in the high-temperature rain simulation environment.

[0060] Step 4: Cyclic switching and data acquisition: Based on experimental requirements, the translation mechanism 2 can repeatedly switch the movable box 12 between the first position and the second position to simulate the alternating high temperature and rain conditions. The tensioning mechanism 5 continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6.

[0061] Step 5: End of the experiment: After completing all the preset experimental cycles or reaching the experimental time, the translation mechanism 2 moves the movable box 12 back to the initial position, stops the operation of the tensioning mechanism 5, the first simulation mechanism 3 and the second simulation mechanism 4, takes out the silicone rubber sample 6, and ends the experiment. The tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6 recorded by the tensioning mechanism 5 is used to obtain the degree of influence of high temperature, rain and the switching process between the two environments on the aging process of silicone rubber.

[0062] The technical effects of the above solution include:

[0063] (1) Accurate simulation of multi-physics coupling environment: The experimental device can simulate high temperature and rain, two environmental conditions that have a significant impact on the aging of silicone rubber, and can realize the alternating switching between the two environmental conditions. It highly restores the complex environmental change pattern that silicone rubber products face during use in the multi-physics coupling environment, making the experimental results more in line with actual use conditions;

[0064] (2) Comprehensively reveal the stress relaxation characteristics: By stretching the silicone rubber sample 6 in different simulation environments and during environmental switching through the tensioning mechanism 5 and monitoring the stress relaxation data in real time, the tensile stress relaxation characteristics of silicone rubber in a multi-physical field coupling environment can be comprehensively and deeply revealed, providing strong data support for accurately evaluating the mechanical properties and service life of silicone rubber materials.

[0065] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 8The translation mechanism 2 includes a first pulling component 21 and a second pulling component 22. The first pulling component 21 includes a first pulling motor 211, a first drum 212, a first pull rope 213 and a plurality of first guide wheels 214. The fixed end of the first pulling motor 211 is fixed in the outer box 11. The first drum 212 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the first pulling motor 211. The first pull rope 213 is wound around the first drum 212. The free end of the first pull rope 213 is connected to one end of the mobile box 12. Each of the first guide wheels 214 is rotatably set on the outer box 11 and is used for the first pull rope 213 to be wound to adjust the first pulling The second pulling assembly 22 includes a second pulling motor 221, a second drum 222, a second pull rope 223, and a plurality of second guide wheels 224. The fixed end of the second pulling motor 221 is fixed in the outer box 11, and the second drum 222 is coaxially fixed to the output end of the second pulling motor 221. The second pull rope 223 is wound around the second drum 222. The free end of the second pull rope 223 is connected to one end of the movable box 12. Each second guide wheel 224 is rotatably mounted on the outer box 11 and is used for winding the second pull rope 223 to guide the extension direction of the second pull rope 223. When the vehicle needs to move to the left, the first drum 212 reels and the second drum 222 unwinds. When the vehicle needs to move to the right, the first drum 212 unwinds and the second drum 222 reels.

[0066] In this embodiment, when the mobile box 12 needs to move to the left, the first pulling motor 211 is started, driving the first reel 212 to reel in the first pull rope 213, thereby pulling the mobile box 12 to the left. At the same time, the second pulling motor 221 is started, causing the second reel 222 to unwind the second pull rope 223. When the mobile box 12 needs to move to the right, the second pulling motor 221 is started, driving the second reel 222 to reel in the second pull rope 223, thereby pulling the mobile box 12 to the right. At the same time, the first pulling motor 211 is started, causing the first reel 212 to unwind the first pull rope 213. By providing two pulling components, the mobile box 12 can be flexibly moved in two directions, which can meet the needs of different experimental scenarios.

[0067] In one embodiment, see Figure 2-Figure 8, the outer box 11 is formed with a first mounting groove 112 above the first position, and the first temperature and humidity adjustment component 31 and the ultraviolet emitter 32 are both installed in the first mounting groove 112; the outer box 11 is formed with a second mounting groove 113 above the second position, and the second temperature and humidity adjustment component 41 and the acid mist injection component 42 are both installed in the second mounting groove 113; the lower end of the movable box 12 is opened, and the outer box 11 is formed with a first collecting groove 114 below the first position, and the first collecting groove 114 is used to collect debris that may fall from the silicone rubber sample during the aging process, and the outer box 11 is formed with a second collecting groove 115 below the second position, and the second collecting groove 115 is used to collect debris that may fall from the silicone rubber sample during the aging process and the liquid condensed from the acid mist injected by the acid mist injection component 42, and needs to be cleaned regularly.

[0068] In this embodiment, a first temperature and humidity adjustment member 31 and a UV emitter 32 are installed in the first mounting slot 112 to simulate an environment with specific temperature, humidity, and UV radiation, suitable for performing aging tests on silicone rubber samples. A second temperature and humidity adjustment member 41 and an acid mist sprayer 42 are installed in the second mounting slot 113 to simulate another environment with varying temperature and humidity, as well as acid mist erosion. By setting up different simulated environments, a variety of different aging tests can be performed on silicone rubber samples, meeting diverse testing needs, improving the comprehensiveness and accuracy of test results, and providing richer data support for evaluating the performance of silicone rubber samples.

[0069] At the same time, a first collecting tank 114 and a second collecting tank 115 are respectively provided below the outer box 11 relative to the first position and the second position, which can effectively collect debris that may fall from the silicone rubber sample during the aging process. In particular, the second collecting tank 115 can not only collect debris, but also collect liquid condensed from the acid mist sprayed by the acid mist spraying member 42. This design prevents debris and liquid from being scattered inside the device, preventing pollution and damage to the device, ensuring the normal operation of the device, and also making cleaning more convenient. Only the collecting tank needs to be cleaned regularly, which improves the maintenance convenience and service life of the device.

[0070] In one embodiment, see Figure 8The acid mist injection component 42 includes an atomizing nozzle 421, an acid liquid tank 422, and a pump body 423. The atomizing nozzle 421 is installed in the second installation groove 113. The outlet of the atomizing nozzle 421 is arranged toward the clamping position of the tensioning mechanism 5. The acid liquid tank 422 is used to store acid liquid. The inlet of the pump body 423 is communicated with the acid liquid tank 422, and the outlet of the pump body 423 is communicated with the inlet of the atomizing nozzle 421. In this embodiment, the acid mist injection component 42, through the combination of the atomizing nozzle 421, the acid liquid tank 422, and the pump body 423, can extract the acid liquid in the acid liquid tank 422 through the pump body 423 and transport it to the atomizing nozzle 421, and the atomizing nozzle 421 atomizes the acid liquid into acid mist for spraying. The outlet of the atomizing nozzle 421 is arranged toward the clamping position of the tensioning mechanism 5, so that the acid mist can accurately act on the silicone rubber sample in the clamping position of the tensioning mechanism 5, thereby accurately simulating the acid mist corrosion environment that the silicone rubber sample may face in actual use, providing reliable experimental conditions for testing the performance of the silicone rubber sample in the acid mist environment, making the test results closer to the actual situation, and improving the accuracy and effectiveness of the test.

[0071] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 The movable channel 111 further has a third position, and the outer box 11 is provided with an operation opening above the third position, and an openable or closable cover 116 is provided at the operation opening. The cover 116 can be opened to install and remove the silicone rubber sample.

[0072] In one embodiment, see Figure 2 and Figure 3 An air inlet 1161 is provided on the cover plate 116; the silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation experimental device for cable accessories also includes an air extraction mechanism 7, the air extraction mechanism 7 includes a suction pump 71 and a suction pipe 72, the inlet of the suction pump 71 is connected to one end of the suction pipe 72, and the other end of the suction pipe 72 is connected to the third position in the movable channel 111.

[0073] In this embodiment, after completing the rain simulation stage (at this time, the acid mist injection component 42 has injected acid mist into the mobile box 12, and the mobile box 12 contains gas containing acid mist), the translation mechanism 2 operates to move the mobile box 12 from the second position in the mobile channel 111 to the third position. After the mobile box 12 reaches the third position, the suction pump 71 of the exhaust mechanism 7 is started. Since the inlet of the suction pump 71 is connected to one end of the suction pipe 72, and the other end of the suction pipe 72 is connected to the third position in the mobile channel 111, the suction pump 71 generates suction force when it works, and the gas containing acid mist in the mobile box 12 is extracted to the outside of the device through the suction pipe 72. While exhausting, fresh air from the outside enters the mobile box 12 through the air inlet 1161 on the cover plate 116. As the exhaust proceeds, the gas containing acid mist in the mobile box 12 is gradually extracted, and fresh air is continuously replenished, thereby achieving the replacement of the gas in the mobile box 12. After the gas in the movable box 12 is replaced, the translation mechanism 2 operates again, moving the movable box 12 from the third position to the first position within the movable channel 111. At this point, the first simulation mechanism 3 begins operating. Specifically, the first temperature and humidity adjustment member 31 adjusts the temperature and humidity within the movable box 12 to simulate a high-temperature environment. The ultraviolet emitter 32 emits ultraviolet light into the movable box 12 to simulate strong ultraviolet radiation, beginning the high-temperature simulation experiment.

[0074] The above setup effectively prevented the acid mist generated by the rain simulation from interfering with the high-temperature simulation. The presence of acid mist could alter the gas composition, humidity, and other conditions in the high-temperature environment, thereby affecting the aging test results of the silicone rubber samples under high-temperature conditions. By exhausting and replacing the gas, the high-temperature simulation experiment was conducted in a relatively pure environment, ensuring that the test results more accurately reflected the aging performance of the silicone rubber samples under high-temperature conditions, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0075] In one embodiment, see Figure 3-Figure 7The tensioning mechanism 5 includes a fixed rod 51, a bottom plate 52, two end plates 53, a double-headed screw rod 54, a handle 55, two movable plates 56 and a guide rod 531. The fixed rod 51 is fixed in the movable box 12, the bottom plate 52 is fixed to the fixed rod 51, the two end plates 53 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the bottom plate 52, the two ends of the double-headed screw rod 54 are respectively rotatably set on the two end plates 53, one end of the double-headed screw rod 54 is fixed with the handle 55, and the two movable plates 56 are respectively provided with a first screw hole. The ends are respectively threadedly connected to the first screw holes on the two end plates 53, and a first clamping piece 57 is installed on each end plate 53. The first clamping piece 57 is used to clamp one end of the silicone rubber sample 6. A tension measuring piece 58 is installed on each movable plate 56, and the measuring end of the tension measuring piece 58 is connected to a second clamping piece 59. The second clamping piece 59 is used to clamp the other end of the silicone rubber sample 6. The two ends of the guide rod 531 are respectively fixed to the two end plates 53, and a guide hole for the guide rod 531 to pass through is opened on the two movable plates 56.

[0076] In this embodiment, one end of the silicone rubber sample 6 is placed in a first clamping member 57 on the end plate 53 and clamped and fixed by the first clamping member 57. The other end of the silicone rubber sample 6 is then placed in a second clamping member 59 on the movable plate 56 and clamped and fixed by the second clamping member 59, so that the silicone rubber sample 6 is in a clamped state. Then, the handle 55 at one end of the double-ended screw 54 is rotated. Since the two ends of the double-ended screw 54 are respectively threadedly connected to the first screw holes on the two movable plates 56, and the guide rod 531 is inserted into the guide hole of the movable plate 56 to play a guiding role, when the handle 55 is rotated to rotate the double-ended screw 54, the two movable plates 56 will move toward each other on the double-ended screw 54 along the direction of the guide rod 531. When moving toward each other, the silicone rubber sample 6 is stretched until it reaches a set stretching rate. The tension measuring member 58 measures the tension applied to the silicone rubber sample 6 in real time and feeds back the data. According to the experimental requirements, after adjusting to a suitable stretching degree, the data changes of the tension measuring member 58 are continuously monitored to record the tension conditions of the silicone rubber sample 6 at different time periods.

[0077] In this embodiment, the threaded connection between the double-ended screw 54 and the screw holes on the movable plate 56 enables precise adjustment of the position of the movable plate 56, thereby precisely controlling the degree of stretching of the silicone rubber sample 6. This threaded drive offers high precision and stability, allowing the silicone rubber sample 6 to be stretched to a specific length or stretch ratio according to experimental requirements, meeting the precise stretching requirements of different experiments. Furthermore, experiments on multiple silicone rubber samples can be performed simultaneously, improving experimental efficiency.

[0078] In one embodiment, see Figure 3-Figure 7The first clamping member 57 includes a first clamping frame 571, a first clamping block 572, and a first locking screw 573. The first clamping frame 571 is fixed to the end plate 53. A second screw hole is defined in the first clamping frame 571. The first clamping block 572 is slidably mounted on the first clamping frame 571. The first locking screw 573 is threadedly engaged with the second screw hole. The first locking screw 573 is rotatably connected to the first clamping block 572. In this embodiment, the first clamping frame 571 is fixed to the end plate 53, providing a stable installation foundation. The first clamping block 572 is slidably disposed within the first clamping frame 571. By rotating the first locking screw 573, which is threadedly connected to the second screw hole on the first clamping frame 571 and rotatably connected to the first clamping block 572, as the first locking screw 573 is tightened, the first clamping block 572 moves within the first clamping frame 571 and gradually approaches the silicone rubber sample 6, thereby firmly clamping it between the first clamping block 572 and the first clamping frame 571. This structure can generate a strong clamping force, ensuring that the silicone rubber sample 6 will not loosen or slip during the tensile test, thereby ensuring the smooth progress of the experiment and the accuracy of the data.

[0079] In one embodiment, see Figure 3-Figure 7 The second clamping member 59 includes a second clamping frame 591, a second clamping block 592, and a second locking screw 593. The second clamping frame 591 is fixed to the measuring end of the tensile measuring member 58. A third screw hole is defined in the second clamping frame 591. The second clamping block 592 is slidably disposed in the second clamping frame 591. The second locking screw 593 is threadedly connected to the third screw hole. The second locking screw 593 is rotatably connected to the second clamping block 592. In this embodiment, the second clamping frame 591 is fixed to the measuring end of the tensile measuring member 58, providing a stable mounting position for the entire second clamping member 59. This allows the second clamping member 59 to move stably with the tensile measuring member 58 during the tensile test, ensuring that the force applied to the silicone rubber sample 6 during stretching is accurately transmitted to the tensile measuring member 58.

[0080] The present invention also provides a tensile stress relaxation test method for silicone rubber for cable accessories, which is applicable to the tensile stress relaxation test device for silicone rubber for cable accessories and comprises the following steps:

[0081] Step 1: Experimental preparation: Several silicone rubber samples 6 are fixed to the stretching mechanism 5 in the mobile box 12. The stretching mechanism 5 stretches the silicone rubber samples 6 according to a predetermined stretching rate and continuously monitors the tensile force of the silicone rubber samples 6.

[0082] Step 2: High-temperature simulation stage: The translation mechanism 2 drives the movable box 12 to the first position in the movable channel 111. The first temperature and humidity adjustment member 31 is activated to precisely adjust the temperature and humidity in the movable box 12 according to the preset experimental requirements to simulate a high-temperature environment. At the same time, the ultraviolet emitter 32 is turned on to emit ultraviolet rays into the movable box 12 to simulate strong ultraviolet radiation. The tensioning mechanism 5 continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6 in the high-temperature simulated environment.

[0083] Step 3: Rain simulation stage: After a preset time, the translation mechanism 2 operates again to move the movable box 12 to the second position in the movable channel 111. The second temperature and humidity adjustment member 41 starts to work to adjust the temperature and humidity in the movable box 12 to create a high humidity environment similar to a rain environment. The acid mist injection member 42 is activated to spray acid mist into the movable box 12 to simulate the acidity of rainwater. The tensioning mechanism 5 continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6 in the high-temperature rain simulation environment.

[0084] Step 4: Cyclic switching and data acquisition: Based on experimental requirements, the translation mechanism 2 can repeatedly switch the movable box 12 between the first position and the second position to simulate the alternating high temperature and rain conditions. The tensioning mechanism 5 continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6.

[0085] Step 5: End of the experiment: After completing all the preset experimental cycles or reaching the experimental time, the translation mechanism 2 moves the movable box 12 back to the initial position, stops the operation of the tensioning mechanism 5, the first simulation mechanism 3 and the second simulation mechanism 4, takes out the silicone rubber sample 6, and ends the experiment. The tension change data of the silicone rubber sample 6 recorded by the tensioning mechanism 5 is used to obtain the degree of influence of high temperature, rain and the switching process between the two environments on the aging process of silicone rubber.

[0086] The technical effects of the technical solution provided by this application include:

[0087] (1) The experimental device can simulate high temperature and rain, two environmental conditions that have a significant impact on the aging of silicone rubber, and can realize the alternating switching between the two environmental conditions, highly restoring the complex environmental change pattern faced by silicone rubber products during actual use, making the experimental results more in line with actual use conditions; by stretching the silicone rubber sample 6 in different simulated environments and during the environmental switching process through the tensioning mechanism 5, and monitoring the stress relaxation data in real time, it can comprehensively and deeply reveal the tensile stress relaxation characteristics of silicone rubber in a multi-physical field coupling environment, providing strong data support for the accurate evaluation of the mechanical properties and service life of silicone rubber materials;

[0088] (2) The inlet of the suction pump 71 is connected to one end of the suction pipe 72, and the other end of the suction pipe 72 is connected to the third position in the mobile channel 111. The suction pump 71 generates suction to extract the gas containing acid mist in the mobile box 12 to the outside of the device through the suction pipe 72. While the gas is being extracted, fresh air from the outside enters the mobile box 12 through the air inlet 1161 on the cover 116. As the gas is being extracted, the gas containing acid mist in the mobile box 12 is gradually extracted, and fresh air is continuously replenished, thereby achieving the replacement of the gas in the mobile box 12. Through the above arrangement, the gas containing acid mist generated by the rain simulation experiment is effectively avoided from interfering with the high temperature simulation experiment. The presence of acid mist may change the gas composition, humidity and other conditions of the high temperature environment, thereby affecting the aging test results of the silicone rubber sample under high temperature conditions. By extracting and replacing the gas, the high temperature simulation experiment is ensured to be carried out in a relatively pure environment, so that the test results can more accurately reflect the aging performance of the silicone rubber sample under high temperature environment, thereby improving the accuracy and reliability of the experimental data.

[0089] The specific implementation methods of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the scope of protection of the present application. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made based on the technical concept of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method, characterized by: The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation experimental device corresponding to this method includes: An experimental box (1), the experimental box (1) comprising an outer box (11) and a movable box (12), the outer box (11) having a movable passage (111), the movable box (12) being slidably arranged in the movable passage (111), and the upper end of the movable box (12) being open; a translation mechanism (2), the translation mechanism (2) being connected to the moving box (12) and being used to drive the moving box (12) to move to a first position or a second position in the moving channel (111); a first simulation mechanism (3), the first simulation mechanism (3) comprising a first temperature and humidity adjustment member (31) and an ultraviolet emitter (32); when the movable box (12) reaches a first position, the first temperature and humidity adjustment member (31) can adjust the temperature and humidity of the movable box (12); and the ultraviolet emitter (32) is used to emit ultraviolet rays into the movable box (12); a second simulation mechanism (4), the second simulation mechanism (4) comprising a second temperature and humidity adjustment member (41) and an acid mist injection member (42), wherein when the movable box (12) reaches the second position, the second temperature and humidity adjustment member (41) can adjust the temperature and humidity of the movable box (12), and the acid mist injection member (42) is used to inject acid mist into the movable box (12); and A stretching mechanism (5), the stretching mechanism (5) is installed in the moving box (12) and is used to clamp and stretch a plurality of silicone rubber samples (6); The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation experimental method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Experimental preparation: a number of silicone rubber samples (6) are fixed on a stretching mechanism (5) in a mobile box (12); the stretching mechanism (5) stretches the silicone rubber samples (6) according to a predetermined stretching rate, and continuously monitors the magnitude of the tension of the silicone rubber samples (6); Step 2: High temperature exposure simulation stage: The mobile box (12) is driven to move to the first position in the mobile channel (111) through the translation mechanism (2), and the first temperature and humidity adjustment member (31) is started. According to the preset requirements of the experiment, the temperature and humidity in the mobile box (12) are accurately adjusted to simulate a high temperature environment. At the same time, the ultraviolet emitter (32) is turned on to emit ultraviolet rays into the mobile box (12) to simulate strong outdoor ultraviolet radiation. The tensioning mechanism (5) continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample (6) in the high temperature exposure simulation environment; Step 3: Rain simulation stage: After a preset time, the translation mechanism (2) operates again to move the mobile box (12) to the second position in the mobile channel (111), the second temperature and humidity adjustment member (41) starts to work, adjusts the temperature and humidity in the mobile box (12), and creates a high humidity environment similar to a rain environment, the acid mist injection member (42) starts to spray acid mist into the mobile box (12) to simulate the acidity of rainwater, and the tensioning mechanism (5) continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample (6) in the high-temperature rain simulation environment; Step 4: Cyclic switching and data acquisition. According to the experimental requirements, the state of the movable box (12) can be repeatedly switched between the first position and the second position by the translation mechanism (2), simulating the alternating reciprocating conditions of high temperature exposure and rain outdoors. The tensioning mechanism (5) continuously monitors and records the tension change data of the silicone rubber sample (6); Step 5: End of the experiment: After completing all the preset experimental cycles or reaching the experimental time, the translation mechanism (2) moves the movable box (12) back to the initial position, stops the operation of the tensioning mechanism (5), the first simulation mechanism (3) and the second simulation mechanism (4), takes out the silicone rubber sample (6), and ends the experiment. The tensile force change data of the silicone rubber sample recorded by the tensioning mechanism (5) is used to obtain the degree of influence of high temperature exposure, rain and the switching process between the two environments on the aging process of the silicone rubber.

2. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 1, wherein: The translation mechanism (2) includes a first pulling component (21) and a second pulling component (22), the first pulling component (21) includes a first pulling motor (211), a first reel (212), a first pull rope (213) and a plurality of first guide wheels (214), the fixed end of the first pulling motor (211) is fixed in the outer box (11), the first reel (212) is coaxially fixed to the output end of the first pulling motor (211), the first pull rope (213) is wound around the first reel (212), the free end of the first pull rope (213) is connected to one end of the moving box (12), and each of the first guide wheels (214) is rotatably set on the outer box (11) and is used for the first pull rope (213) to be wound to adjust the first The extension direction of the pull rope (213) is guided, and the second pulling component (22) includes a second pulling motor (221), a second drum (222), a second pull rope (223) and a plurality of second guide wheels (224). The fixed end of the second pulling motor (221) is fixed in the outer box (11), and the second drum (222) is coaxially fixed to the output end of the second pulling motor (221). The second pull rope (223) is wound around the second drum (222), and the free end of the second pull rope (223) is connected to one end of the movable box (12). Each second guide wheel (224) is rotatably set on the outer box (11) and is used for the second pull rope (223) to be wound so as to guide the extension direction of the second pull rope (223).

3. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 1, wherein: The outer box (11) is formed with a first mounting groove (112) above the first position, and the first temperature and humidity adjustment component (31) and the ultraviolet emitter (32) are both mounted in the first mounting groove (112); the outer box (11) is formed with a second mounting groove (113) above the second position, and the second temperature and humidity adjustment component (41) and the acid mist spraying component (42) are both mounted in the second mounting groove (113); The lower end of the movable box (12) is open, a first collecting trough (114) is formed below the outer box (11) relative to the first position, and a second collecting trough (115) is formed below the outer box (11) relative to the second position.

4. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 3, wherein: The acid mist injection component (42) includes an atomizing nozzle (421), an acid liquid tank (422) and a pump body (423). The atomizing nozzle (421) is installed in the second installation groove (113). The outlet of the atomizing nozzle (421) is arranged toward the clamping position of the tensioning mechanism (5). The acid liquid tank (422) is used to store acid liquid. The inlet of the pump body (423) is communicated with the acid liquid tank (422), and the outlet of the pump body (423) is communicated with the inlet of the atomizing nozzle (421).

5. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 3, wherein: The movable channel (111) further has a third position, and the outer box (11) is provided with an operating opening above the third position, wherein an openable or closable cover (116) is provided at the operating opening.

6. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The cover plate (116) is provided with an air inlet hole (1161); The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation experimental device further comprises an air extraction mechanism (7), wherein the air extraction mechanism (7) comprises a suction pump (71) and a suction pipe (72), wherein the inlet of the suction pump (71) is connected to one end of the suction pipe (72), and the other end of the suction pipe (72) is connected to a third position in the movable channel (111).

7. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 1, wherein: The tensioning mechanism (5) includes a fixed rod (51), a bottom plate (52), two end plates (53), a double-headed screw rod (54), a handle (55), two movable plates (56) and a guide rod (531). The fixed rod (51) is fixed in the movable box (12). The bottom plate (52) is fixed to the fixed rod (51). The two end plates (53) are respectively fixed to the two ends of the bottom plate (52). The two ends of the double-headed screw rod (54) are respectively rotatably arranged on the two end plates (53). One end of the double-headed screw rod (54) is fixed with the handle (55). The two movable plates (56) are respectively provided with a first screw hole. The double-headed screw rod ( The two ends of the guide rod (531) are respectively threadedly connected to the first screw holes on the two end plates (53), and the end plates (53) are each installed with a first clamping member (57), and the first clamping member (57) is used to clamp one end of the silicone rubber sample (6). The movable plate (56) is each installed with a tension measuring member (58), and the measuring end of the tension measuring member (58) is connected to a second clamping member (59), and the second clamping member (59) is used to clamp the other end of the silicone rubber sample (6). The two ends of the guide rod (531) are respectively fixed to the two end plates (53), and the two movable plates (56) are each provided with a guide hole for the guide rod (531) to pass through.

8. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 7, wherein: The first clamping member (57) includes a first clamping frame (571), a first clamping block (572) and a first locking screw (573). The first clamping frame (571) is fixed to the end plate (53). A second screw hole is provided on the first clamping frame (571). The first clamping block (572) is slidably arranged on the first clamping frame (571). The first locking screw (573) is threadedly connected to the second screw hole. The first locking screw (573) is rotatably connected to the first clamping block (572).

9. The silicone rubber tensile stress relaxation test method according to claim 7, wherein: The second clamping member (59) includes a second clamping frame (591), a second clamping block (592) and a second locking screw (593). The second clamping frame (591) is fixed to the measuring end of the tension measuring member (58). A third screw hole is provided on the second clamping frame (591). The second clamping block (592) is slidably arranged on the second clamping frame (591). The second locking screw (593) is threadedly connected to the third screw hole. The second locking screw (593) is rotatably connected to the second clamping block (592).

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