Intelligent internet-of-things terminal effect evaluation method based on multi-element electric power scene knowledge

Abstract

The invention provides an intelligent Internet of Things terminal effect evaluation method based on multivariate electric power scene knowledge, and relates to the technical field of intelligent power grid effect evaluation, the method comprises the steps that an intelligent Internet of Things terminal effect evaluation index system is constructed, and the intelligent Internet of Things terminal effect evaluation index system comprises a first-level index, a second-level index and a third-level index; based on multivariate electric power scene knowledge, collecting original measurement values of three-level indexes of the effect evaluation index system of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal, determining a normalization standard, and calculating normalization values of the three-level indexes; calculating a second-level index score based on the third-level index normalized numerical value; calculating a comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal according to the secondary index score; and judging the effect level of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal according to the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal. According to the method, the construction effects of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal in the aspects of perception capability, interaction level, operation efficiency and the like can be comprehensively evaluated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent power grid effectiveness evaluation, and particularly to a method for evaluating the effectiveness of intelligent Internet of Things terminals based on multi - element power scenario knowledge. Background Art

[0002] The intelligent Internet of Things system is centered around the power generation, power transmission, and power distribution links of the power system. It fully applies modern technologies such as big data, cloud computing, and 5G to achieve the interconnection of all things in each link of the power system, and creates a smart service system with comprehensive state perception, efficient information processing, and convenient and flexible applications. The intelligent Internet of Things system consists of intelligent Internet of Things terminals (perception layer), network layer, platform layer, and application layer. Among them, the intelligent Internet of Things terminal provides the basic data source for other upper - layer applications and is crucial in the construction of the intelligent Internet of Things system. The intelligent Internet of Things terminal is composed of various Internet of Things sensors, intelligent terminals, cloud platforms and other devices connected through various communication networks, and is the basic resource configuration for the intelligent Internet of Things system to have the capabilities of intelligent networking and ubiquitous perception.

[0003] During the construction of the intelligent power grid, through the deployment of sensors, operation control terminals, monitoring terminals, inspection robots, intelligent inspection and other devices, the information collection and control of the substation, power transmission, and power distribution equipment and operating environment status have been initially realized, effectively supporting the operation and maintenance business; through the deployment of smart meters, collectors, self - service terminals, collection and monitoring equipment, etc., the collection, metering, information collection and control of electricity consumption information have been realized, supporting the marketing business. The construction of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal can provide data resource support for the safe and economic operation of the intelligent power grid, improving operation performance, improving service quality, and training and developing strategic emerging industries.

[0004] However, currently, there is no scientific and systematic effectiveness evaluation method, which cannot provide theoretical guidance and engineering optimization ideas for the popularization and construction of intelligent Internet of Things terminals. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for evaluating the effectiveness of intelligent Internet of Things terminals based on multi - element power scenario knowledge. By establishing an effectiveness evaluation system for intelligent Internet of Things terminals, a systematic effectiveness evaluation method is formed to comprehensively evaluate the construction effectiveness of intelligent Internet of Things terminals in terms of perception ability, interaction level, operation efficiency, etc.

[0006] To achieve the above - mentioned purpose, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for evaluating the effectiveness of intelligent Internet of Things terminals based on multi - element power scenario knowledge, the method comprising:

[0008] Constructing an effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent Internet of Things terminals, the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent Internet of Things terminals including primary indexes, secondary indexes, and tertiary indexes;

[0009] Based on the knowledge of multiple power scenarios, collect the original measured values of the third-level indicators of the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals, determine the normalization standard, and calculate the normalized values of the third-level indicators;

[0010] Calculate the scores of the second-level indicators based on the normalized values of the third-level indicators;

[0011] Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal according to the scores of the second-level indicators;

[0012] Determine the effectiveness level of the intelligent IoT terminal according to the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal.

[0013] Furthermore, based on the knowledge of multiple power scenarios, collect the original measured values of the third-level indicators of the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals. Specifically, for different power business scenarios, based on the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals, construct an effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario, and collect the original measured values of the third-level indicators based on the effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario.

[0014] Furthermore, for different power business scenarios, based on the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals, construct an effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario, which specifically includes:

[0015] Query the business requirement library according to the target power business scenario to obtain the business requirement information corresponding to the target power business scenario;

[0016] Query the intelligent IoT terminal capability library to obtain the intelligent IoT terminal capability information, fit the intelligent IoT terminal capability information with the business requirement information, and obtain a fitting solution;

[0017] Input the fitting solution into the effectiveness evaluation template generator to output an effectiveness evaluation template, which includes the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals and the intelligent IoT terminal capability information corresponding to the third-level indicators.

[0018] Furthermore, before outputting the effectiveness evaluation template, perform dimensionality reduction processing on the effectiveness evaluation template, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0019] Construct machine learning sample data based on the effectiveness evaluation template;

[0020] Send the machine learning sample data into the decision tree classification training model for iterative training until the index classification accuracy before and after optimization is consistent;

[0021] Output the dimensionality-reduced effectiveness evaluation template.

[0022] Furthermore, calculate the scores of the second-level indicators of the effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals based on the normalized values of the third-level indicators, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0023] Perform the same-trend processing for all third-level indicators;

[0024] Calculate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the covariance matrix R of the index variables;

[0025] Construct an evaluation function, and the expression of the evaluation function f is:

[0026] f = a1F1 + a2F2 + a3F3 + … + a m F m .

[0027] In the above formula, F1, F2, …, F m are the new principal components obtained by using the principal component analysis method, and a1, a2, …, a m are the weights corresponding to the new principal components;

[0028] Substitute the normalized values of each third-level indicator into the evaluation function f to calculate the scores of the corresponding second-level indicators for each third-level indicator.

[0029] Furthermore, calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal according to the scores of the second-level indicators, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0030] Use the analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weights of the first-level indicators and the second-level indicators;

[0031] Based on the weights of the first-level indicators and the second-level indicators, and the scores of the second-level indicators, calculate the scores of the first-level indicators through the hierarchical aggregation algorithm;

[0032] Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal according to the scores of the first-level indicators.

[0033] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0034] An intelligent IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation method based on multi-source power scenario knowledge provided by the present invention, aiming at the characteristics of diverse types and wide distributions of intelligent IoT terminals and complex and diverse sensing requirements, constructs an intelligent IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system for comprehensively evaluating the construction effectiveness of intelligent IoT terminals in aspects such as ubiquitous sensing, service adaptation, and investment returns. Further combined with multi-source power scenario knowledge, the original measurement values of the third-level indicators are collected to calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal. By analyzing the commonalities and differences in the ability requirements of intelligent IoT terminals in different power service scenarios for the characteristics of multi-source heterogeneous power service scenarios in the smart grid, the present invention is more targeted. Based on the method provided by the present invention, it is possible to evaluate the construction effectiveness of intelligent IoT terminals in aspects such as ubiquitous sensing, security protection, and operation and maintenance management from multiple perspectives. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0035] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings required for the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. For those of ordinary skill in the art, without creative efforts, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings.

[0036] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-source power scenario knowledge provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of an effectiveness evaluation template for the distribution scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of an effectiveness evaluation template for the substation scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of an effectiveness evaluation template for the transmission scenario provided by an embodiment of the present invention. Specific embodiments

[0040] The following describes the principles and features of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings. The listed embodiments are only used to explain the present invention and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0041] Refer to Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-source power scenario knowledge, and the method includes:

[0042] S101. Construct an effectiveness evaluation index system for the smart IoT terminal, where the effectiveness evaluation index system for the smart IoT terminal includes first-level indicators, second-level indicators, and third-level indicators.

[0043] In this embodiment, based on national standards such as "GB / T 36468-2018 General Rules for Compiling Evaluation Index Systems of IoT Systems", combined with the ability requirements of the smart grid for the smart IoT terminal, the construction effectiveness of the smart IoT terminal in aspects such as ubiquitous perception, service adaptation, security protection, operation and maintenance management, cost expenditure, and investment return is evaluated from multiple perspectives.

[0044] Exemplarily, the first-level indicators include technical indicators and economic indicators.

[0045] Technical indicators: The core of the effectiveness evaluation of the smart IoT terminal in terms of technology lies in evaluating its ability to provide ubiquitous perception, service requirements, security protection, and operation and maintenance management to the power system with acceptable service quality and user experience while meeting the needs of power production and management operations. Therefore, the evaluation of technical indicators is mainly carried out from the following aspects:

[0046] 1. Ubiquitous sensing ability. As the "nerve endings" of the ubiquitous power Internet of Things, the important function of intelligent Internet of Things terminals is to collect data information through various types of sensors to achieve ubiquitous sensing. It is mainly manifested in the large-scale and distributed acquisition and condition identification of dynamic and static information such as the behavior trends, environmental conditions, and material properties of the sensed devices. In summary, considering the functional characteristics of intelligent Internet of Things terminals, the following indicators are selected to evaluate the ubiquitous sensing ability of intelligent Internet of Things terminals: the sensing terminal coverage index is used to measure the coverage performance of the sensor network of intelligent Internet of Things terminals; the sensing success rate index is used to measure the probability of intelligent Internet of Things terminals successfully obtaining sensing information; the sensing accuracy index is used to measure the degree of closeness between the sensing information of intelligent Internet of Things terminals and the real information; the sensing frequency diversity index is used to measure the intelligence level of each sensor to set the sensing frequency according to the location and time, the situation, and the requirements of the dispatching center command; the multi-source nature of sensing data is used to measure the extensiveness of the sources of sensing data.

[0047] 2. Business requirement response ability. Intelligent Internet of Things terminals are the basic functional components for the smart grid to meet the business requirement responses in all links from power generation to power distribution. Its business requirement response ability can be evaluated from four aspects: data penetration ability, business support reliability, communication performance satisfaction, and data quality satisfaction. Among them, the data penetration ability is used to measure the degree of associated penetration of the integrated operation and dispatching data of "substation-line-distribution transformer-user"; the business support reliability is used to measure the compatibility ability of intelligent Internet of Things terminals to support multiple systems, multiple products, and multiple requirements; the communication performance satisfaction is used to measure the basic communication ability and communication effect of intelligent Internet of Things terminals; the data quality satisfaction is used to measure the degree to which data processing technology meets business requirements.

[0048] 3. Security protection ability. The security protection ability of intelligent Internet of Things terminals is mainly manifested in the following two aspects: On the one hand, for the smart grid, intelligent Internet of Things terminals can dynamically and comprehensively understand the security risks of power grid operation, realize the discovery, identification, understanding, analysis, response, and disposal of security threats to power grid operation, and steadily improve the intelligent level and anti-interference ability of power grid operation. Among them, the data leakage prevention ability can measure the degree of enhanced data security of the smart grid, the communication anti-interference ability can measure the resistance degree of the communication performance of the smart grid against external interferences (such as channel noise, multipath fading, etc.), and the disaster resistance ability can measure the disaster tolerance and disaster resistance ability of intelligent Internet of Things terminals to cope with extreme disaster events. On the other hand, for the intelligent Internet of Things terminals themselves, security robustness can be used to measure the reliability of intelligent Internet of Things terminal devices and the stability of the overall topology structure.

[0049] 4. Operation and maintenance management ability. The operation and maintenance management ability evaluates whether the construction of intelligent IoT terminals meets the requirements of the overall system for normal operation from the perspective of operators. The evaluation of operation and maintenance management ability includes the degree of automation of equipment operation and maintenance, the level of lean management of equipment, and the flexibility of equipment capacity allocation. Among them, the degree of automation of equipment operation and maintenance is used to measure the degree of automation of power system operation and maintenance management; the level of lean management of equipment is used to measure the management level of relevant equipment for maintaining the operation of intelligent IoT terminals; the flexibility of equipment capacity allocation is used to measure the ability of intelligent IoT terminal devices or components to provide different service functions according to needs and application scenarios.

[0050] Economic indicators: In this embodiment, from other economic measurement indicators such as cost expenditure and economic benefits, the economic benefits brought by the construction of intelligent IoT terminals are comprehensively considered to achieve multi-dimensional effectiveness evaluation of intelligent IoT terminals.

[0051] Based on the above analysis, the effectiveness evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals is constructed as shown in Table 1.

[0052] Table 1 Effectiveness Evaluation Index System of Intelligent IoT Terminals

[0053]

[0054]

[0055] S102. Based on multi-source power scenario knowledge, collect the original measurement values of the third-level indicators of the effectiveness evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals, determine the normalization standard, and calculate the normalized values of the third-level indicators.

[0056] S103. Calculate the scores of the second-level indicators based on the normalized values of the third-level indicators.

[0057] S104. Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal according to the scores of the second-level indicators.

[0058] S105. Determine the effectiveness level of the intelligent IoT terminal according to the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent IoT terminal.

[0059] As a possible implementation method, based on multi-source power scenario knowledge, collect the original measurement values of the third-level indicators of the effectiveness evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals. Specifically, for different power business scenarios, based on the effectiveness evaluation system of intelligent IoT terminals, construct an effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario, and collect the original measurement values of the third-level indicators based on the effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario.

[0060] The effectiveness evaluation index system of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal constructed in step S101, as a general evaluation template, can meet the needs of evaluating the effectiveness of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal in power business scenarios such as power generation, transformation, transmission, distribution, power storage, and end-users. On the one hand, the types of intelligent Internet of Things terminal nodes in different power business scenarios are different and the sensing requirements are complex and diverse; on the other hand, the core ability requirements for the intelligent Internet of Things terminal in different power businesses have both commonalities and differences. Therefore, its effectiveness evaluation index system should have a certain scene pertinence, that is, it must match the personalized evaluation needs of different scenarios.

[0061] In view of this, this embodiment takes "the terminal sensing ability responds to the grid operation and maintenance needs" as the core concept, and based on the power scene knowledge, realizes the targeted scene instantiation of the general evaluation index system template, so that the information sources of all levels of indicators in the system can truly reflect the characteristics of the evaluated power business scenario.

[0062] In the instantiation process, it is first necessary to understand and obtain the requirements of different power business scenarios for ubiquitous sensing ability, business demand response ability, security protection ability, and operation and maintenance management ability (hereinafter referred to as the "four major abilities") and the actual gap between the four major abilities and the power business requirements. Provide an effective evaluation basis and template for evaluating the support and response ability of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal for future new power businesses. Therefore, it is necessary to collect more background information data of the four major abilities. Thus, for different power business scenarios, an effectiveness evaluation template that takes into account both commonality and personalization can be constructed, and the effectiveness evaluation template can be pushed to the diverse application scenarios and power business scenarios of relevant intelligent Internet of Things terminals as needed to support the design of an effectiveness evaluation scheme that matches the "intelligent Internet of Things terminal ability - power business demand".

[0063] As a possible implementation method, for different power business scenarios, based on the effectiveness evaluation system of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal, construct an effectiveness evaluation template corresponding to the power scenario, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0064] S201. Query the business requirement library according to the target power business scenario to obtain the business requirement information corresponding to the target power business scenario.

[0065] S202. Query the intelligent Internet of Things terminal ability library to obtain the intelligent Internet of Things terminal ability information, and fit the intelligent Internet of Things terminal ability information with the business requirement information to obtain a fitting scheme.

[0066] S203. Input the fitting scheme into the effectiveness evaluation template generator to output an effectiveness evaluation template, where the effectiveness evaluation template includes the effectiveness evaluation index system of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal and the intelligent Internet of Things terminal ability information corresponding to the third-level indicators.

[0067] Through the above operations, this implementation mode constructs an effectiveness evaluation index system for intelligent IoT terminals that takes into account both the common and personalized support requirements of power services and combines technicality and economy.

[0068] Exemplarily, the three major power scenarios of substation, transmission, and distribution are the main scenarios in the power grid. The deployment of intelligent IoT terminals generally revolves around the three major power scenarios to achieve the acquisition, aggregation, edge computing, and uploading of sensing information. However, the demand characteristics of intelligent IoT terminals in the three major power scenarios are different. Based on this, this embodiment reconstructs the evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals in the three major power scenarios based on the above operations of constructing the effectiveness evaluation template for power scenarios.

[0069] The distribution architecture takes the end point of the transmission line system as the starting point and the electric meter as the end point, and is a key link responsible for delivering electric energy to power consumption units. Since the starting point is connected to various transmission lines and the end point is connected to each power consumption unit, the topological structure of intelligent IoT terminals in the low-voltage distribution network scenario is particularly important. Therefore, it is urgent to improve the security and robustness of intelligent IoT terminals. In addition, the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of communication transmission data must be ensured, and there must be a certain detection and defense ability against external intrusion. Therefore, the data leakage prevention ability is also the focus of the security protection requirements of the distribution substation area. At the same time, the disaster resistance ability of the distribution substation area needs to be considered. The disaster prevention facilities reduce the damage of extreme disasters to the distribution substation area, ensure its functional integrity, and reduce load loss and power loss.

[0070] Obtaining users' electricity consumption information is a basic requirement for power grid companies to conduct power dispatching, and precise acquisition by sensing devices is required. The sensing accuracy represents the degree of closeness between the sensing information of the intelligent IoT terminal system and the real information. The higher the degree of closeness, the higher the accuracy, which has higher reference value for power grid companies. In addition to collecting users' electricity consumption information, the distribution substation area also needs to monitor the operation status of various devices to prevent the occurrence of accidents such as faults, which requires the collection of different types of data. Therefore, the multi-source nature of sensing data and the diversity of sensing frequencies are indispensable as indicators to measure the ubiquitous sensing ability of the distribution network. At the same time, the data sharing range is proportional to the data penetration ability. Therefore, the distribution network system needs to configure a shared data function for users to query the required shared data and establish a data sharing and exchange mechanism to facilitate information sharing between users and the power grid. The realization of some services requires a certain degree of data sharing, so that users can conveniently and quickly exchange data with the power grid even if they have multiple needs, reflecting the strong business support reliability of the distribution network.

[0071] The operation in the power distribution field is very strict, requiring accurate and rapid transmission of real-time information. Traditional communication methods are relatively backward and do not conform to the current development. The communication method of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal is very flexible, including intelligent chips, intelligent sensors and substation intelligent terminals, creating an integrated communication network, building a flexible and changeable communication method, and improving the satisfaction of communication performance. Users can interact with the power distribution system in real time through the substation intelligent terminal and obtain relatively comprehensive system data information according to their own needs, improving user satisfaction. When the number of sensing terminals and users in the distribution network increases to varying degrees, the amount of data that the system needs to transmit, store and process will increase sharply. At this time, the system should be able to continue to work effectively, so it is required that the intelligent Internet of Things terminal system has a certain functional extensibility. Based on this, we should improve the flexibility of equipment capacity allocation to cope with possible changes in the future workload. Equipment operation wears out and ages, and is prone to failures.

[0072] Measuring the ability to inspect and repair equipment aging faults helps to improve the economic operation level of equipment. Relying on the construction of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal, the management of the distribution substation is refined, with equal emphasis on equipment operation and real-time monitoring, improving the lean management level of equipment. The operation and maintenance management of the power system also needs to improve the automation level, strengthen the utilization rate of telemetry, remote sensing and remote control, deploy more sensing devices, increase the sensing coverage rate of intelligent terminals, significantly improve the operation and maintenance automation degree of equipment, and make the operation of the distribution substation more efficient. The automation level of the distribution terminal, on the other hand, will affect the working efficiency of the distribution equipment, can reduce unnecessary construction costs, save manpower, increase the savings in human resource costs, reduce operation and maintenance costs and management costs, and improve the power supply and management level of the distribution substation.

[0073] In the process of constructing the distribution network, it is also essential to measure investment and return. The function of the distribution substation is to supply power to all users within the radiation range. Calculating the construction investment of the distribution substation and the local electricity consumption capacity can well predict the investment return. Determining the time for cost recovery and profit expectations, the investment payback period and the annual value of expenses can help with the site selection of the distribution network and assist in the decision-making of grid investment construction. With the rapid development of the power industry and the energy industry, distributed power sources have become an indispensable and beneficial supplement to the power supply of the power grid. After adding distributed power sources to the distribution network, it greatly increases the complexity and uncertainty in the construction investment of the distribution system. Most distributed power sources use new energy, with relatively high construction, maintenance and operation costs, and are greatly affected by relevant national policies. Therefore, reasonable capital planning and allocation are very necessary. For this reason, the net present value, as part of the economic index, can evaluate the scientific planning and precise investment of the distribution network.

[0074] In addition, the core capabilities required by different power services for intelligent IoT terminals have both commonalities and differences. Therefore, the demand characteristics of the same indicators in different scenarios also show differences, which are mainly reflected in the four major capabilities of intelligent IoT terminals. Different from the substation and power transmission scenarios, the demand characteristics of the four major capabilities of intelligent IoT terminals in the distribution scenario are as follows: The intelligent IoT terminal devices in the distribution scenario include various terminals such as smart meters and concentrators. The massive data obtained through the ubiquitous sensing capability enables the control and decision-making unit to understand the operating status of all links in the smart grid with unprecedented breadth and depth, and timely discover potential fault hazards. At the same time, as the center of data aggregation, edge computing, and application integration in the edge layer of intelligent IoT terminals in the distribution scenario, the intelligent terminal in the distribution area is the integration of information nodes and physical nodes, and has the functions of data collection, communication, calculation, and analysis, supporting data interaction and business integration among various business systems. In addition, the issue of security protection for intelligent IoT terminals in the distribution scenario cannot be ignored. If there are loopholes in network security, data such as user electricity consumption information will be stolen. At this time, an encryption gateway should be used to encrypt the data to prevent data information leakage. Moreover, in recent years, extreme weather such as typhoons and hailstorms has occurred frequently. It is necessary to use intelligent environmental sensors to collect information comprehensively and with high precision, so that intelligent IoT terminals in the distribution scenario can effectively respond to various sudden disaster situations and ensure their safe and reliable operation. Based on the implementation practice of the intelligent IoT system in the distribution area, new intelligent devices such as integrated primary and secondary intelligent switches and IoT ring main units are introduced to innovate the intelligent sensing and decision-making capabilities of traditional power equipment, reduce the labor intensity of production personnel and the equipment installation, operation, and maintenance costs, promote the improvement of the intelligent level of equipment manufacturing and the automation level of distribution operation and inspection, and establish a new industrial ecological chain for the transformation and upgrading and intelligent integration of primary distribution equipment.

[0075] In summary, after determining the business requirements in the distribution service scenario, based on the method of constructing the effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario described above, this embodiment actively arranges the effectiveness evaluation index system of the intelligent IoT terminal constructed in step S101 to obtain the effectiveness evaluation template in the distribution scenario, as Figure 2 shown.

[0076] Regarding the construction of the effectiveness evaluation template in the substation scenario, since substations are built in a relatively concentrated jurisdiction area, there are usually on-duty personnel on guard. In case of bad weather or sudden equipment failures, the on-duty personnel can quickly rush to the scene to remove the faults or isolate the fault points in a timely manner, preventing the chain fault reaction caused by a single fault. In order to determine and notify the on-duty personnel of the fault location in a timely manner, a stable and fast communication network is required, which can make accurate and rapid responses to various faults, highlighting the importance of communication anti-interference ability. In addition, the location selection of substation construction is crucial. From the perspective of power supply economy, the substation should be close to the load center; from the production perspective, the substation should not interfere with production and in-plant transportation, and the transportation of the substation's own equipment should also be convenient; from the safety perspective, the substation and distribution station should avoid flammable, explosive and personnel-intensive places.

[0077] In summary, how to select a location reasonably in combination with the actual situation to delay the grid investment cost should be considered key in the substation scenario. The impact of other evaluation indicators on the intelligent IoT terminal in the substation scenario can refer to the impact of the corresponding indicators in the distribution scenario on the intelligent IoT terminal, which will not be elaborated here.

[0078] Different from the distribution and transmission scenarios, the demand characteristics of the four major capabilities of the intelligent IoT terminal in the substation scenario are as follows: at the substation level, the intelligent IoT terminal uses wireless sensing devices such as transformers, circuit breakers, micro-meteorological sensors, and intelligent cameras to provide intelligent support for the perception of the operation status of substation equipment, the perception of the operation environment, and the perception of personnel operation behaviors. At the same time, the shared data generated by the substation can also serve users, power generation, suppliers, as well as the government, investment institutions, etc., providing data support for the power grid industry and more market players. The demand characteristics of the business demand response ability in this scenario are reflected. In addition, the network security and disaster resistance capabilities of the substation are also particularly important. It is necessary to use devices such as network isolation equipment, lightning arresters, and lightning protection grounding grids to resist network attacks and respond to extreme disasters, enhancing the security protection ability of the intelligent IoT terminal. At the same time, the online detection and diagnosis system of the intelligent IoT terminal in the substation scenario realizes the active early warning of defects in the main and auxiliary equipment of the substation and the intelligent decision-making of faults. Through the active early warning of defects, maintenance can be arranged in advance to ensure the reliable and economical operation of the equipment; through the intelligent decision-making of faults, the faults can be accurately located, the workload of fault troubleshooting can be reduced, the human resource cost can be saved, and a traceable closed-loop management and operation and maintenance means can be provided for the operation and maintenance link.

[0079] Combined with the business requirements of the substation business scenario, the effectiveness evaluation index system of the intelligent IoT terminal constructed in step S101 is actively arranged to construct an effectiveness evaluation template in the substation business scenario, as Figure 3 shown.

[0080] For the construction of the effectiveness evaluation template in the power transmission business scenario, the power transmission lines have a wide span and it is impossible to have fixed personnel on duty. Therefore, sensing devices are required to fully cover the power transmission lines and monitor the operation status of the power transmission lines in real time. Therefore, improving the sensing success rate of intelligent IoT terminals, making the collected information more real and reliable, and timely reflecting the working status of the power transmission lines are beneficial to preventing various emergencies. In addition, during the power transmission process, power losses caused by various factors (such as high temperature and high voltage) need to be considered. Therefore, the management level of synchronous line losses of the transmission line should be improved to achieve the effect of reducing losses and saving energy. The impacts of other evaluation indicators on intelligent IoT terminals in the power transmission scenario can refer to the impacts of corresponding indicators on intelligent IoT terminals in the power distribution scenario and will not be elaborated here.

[0081] Different from the power distribution and substation scenarios, the demand characteristics of the four major capabilities of intelligent IoT terminals in the power transmission scenario are as follows: the power transmission lines have a large spatial span, a poor operating environment, and significant differences in climatic conditions across regions. Therefore, the characteristics of wide-area, massive monitoring of small data, and long time intervals of power transmission lines should be fully considered, and devices such as drones, multi-parameter sensors, and lidar should be used to achieve the ubiquitous sensing ability of intelligent IoT terminals in this scenario. In addition, since the power transmission lines are in the wild and strong electromagnetic field environment, GPS communication may be blocked. By using micro-power wireless sensors, the requirement for communication time between sensors is reduced, and communication collisions during the upload of a large amount of sensor data in the same place are effectively reduced, meeting the requirement of dense networking of a large number of sensors while maintaining an extremely low power consumption level. Due to the significant differences in climatic conditions across regions of the power transmission lines, wireless temperature sensors are installed at places such as the conductors, strain clamps, and splicing sleeves of the power transmission lines to prevent disaster hazards such as low temperature or high temperature. For power transmission line faults, the entire fault process is reproduced through a line distributed fault diagnosis device to obtain key parameters of the fault process such as the fault location and fault type, achieving rapid cable fault location and intelligent repair.

[0082] By fitting the business requirement information in the power transmission scenario with the capabilities of intelligent IoT terminals, the tertiary indicators in the effectiveness evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals constructed in step S101 are adjusted and screened to construct an effectiveness evaluation template for the power transmission scenario, referring to Figure 4 .

[0083] The dimension of the effectiveness evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals is high, and information overlap is inevitable among the indicators. For example, in the effectiveness evaluation index system of intelligent IoT terminals in the power distribution scenario, there is also information overlap between the tertiary indicators under the ubiquitous sensing ability - the multi-source nature of sensing data and the diversity of sensing frequencies. Therefore, when evaluating the effectiveness of intelligent IoT terminals, the workload of data collection is large, and the complexity of evaluation is high, which is not conducive to quickly and effectively evaluating the effectiveness level of intelligent IoT terminals.

[0084] As another possible implementation, to solve the above problems, before outputting the effectiveness evaluation template, dimensionality reduction processing is performed on the effectiveness evaluation template, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0085] S301. Construct machine learning sample data based on the effectiveness evaluation template.

[0086] S302. Feed the machine learning sample data into the decision tree classification training model for iterative training until the classification accuracy of the indicators before and after optimization is consistent.

[0087] S303. Output the effectiveness evaluation template after dimensionality reduction.

[0088] This implementation uses machine learning data dimensionality reduction technology to optimize the evaluation model, reducing the feature space of the data from high-dimensional to low-dimensional, thereby removing redundant information in the massive high-dimensional data and mining the core information in the data. By performing dimensionality reduction on the high-dimensional data, the intrinsic information contained in the high-dimensional data is extracted, the difficulty of data analysis is reduced, and accurate evaluation results can be quickly obtained using a small number of key basic indicators.

[0089] As yet another possible implementation, based on the normalized values of the third-level indicators, the scores of the second-level indicators of the intelligent IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system are calculated, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0090] S401. Perform co-trend processing on all third-level indicators.

[0091] S402. Calculate the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the covariance matrix R of the index variables.

[0092] Exemplarily, based on solving the eigenvalues λ1≥λ2≥...≥λ of the covariance matrix R through R×λ=λ×e p ≥0 and the orthonormalized eigenvectors e1, e2,..., e p , and is the j-th principal component of x, that is, the principal component score after transforming the original variable through the eigenvector, and its variance is λ j , and the contribution rate (weight) is represents the transpose of the j-th eigenvector, and λ i represents the i-th eigenvalue of the covariance matrix R. The cumulative contribution rate a k of k principal components is as follows:

[0093]

[0094] S403. Construct an evaluation function, and the expression of the evaluation function f is:

[0095] f=a1F1+a2F2+a3F3+…+am F m 。

[0096] In the above formula, F1, F2, …, F m are the new principal components obtained by using the principal component analysis method, and a1, a2, …, a m are the weights corresponding to the new principal components. Exemplarily, according to the set variance contribution rate threshold, and sorting the cumulative contribution rate or eigenvalues of the principal components, the number of selected principal components is finally determined.

[0097] S404. Substitute the normalized value of each third-level index into the evaluation function f, and calculate the score of the second-level index corresponding to the corresponding third-level index.

[0098] Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal according to the second-level index score, which specifically includes the following operations:

[0099] S501. Use the analytic hierarchy process to calculate the weights of the first-level index and the second-level index.

[0100] S502. Based on the weights of the first-level index and the second-level index, and the second-level index score, calculate the first-level index score through the hierarchical aggregation algorithm.

[0101] S503. Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal according to the first-level index score.

[0102] In the process of calculating the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal in this embodiment, the index weights are allocated according to the importance of each index, and the importance of the indexes is compared pairwise through the analytic hierarchy process to realize the reasonable allocation of the index weights.

[0103] Exemplarily, in the process of calculating the comprehensive evaluation score of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal, the score and weight can be normalized, and the value range is limited to [0, 1], and the excellent and poor levels of the intelligent Internet of Things terminal are determined with reference to Table 2.

[0104] Table 2 Classification Table of the Excellent and Poor Levels of the Intelligent Internet of Things Terminal

[0105] Advantages and Disadvantages Levels of the Intelligent Internet of Things Terminal Danger Poor Medium Good Excellent Score Value 0-0.2 0.2-0.4 0.4-0.6 0.6-0.8 0.8-1

[0106] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the effectiveness of smart IoT terminals based on multi-electric power scenario knowledge, characterized in that: The method comprises: Constructing a smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system, wherein the smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system includes primary indicators, secondary indicators, and tertiary indicators; Based on the knowledge of multiple power scenarios, the original measurement values ​​of the three-level indicators of the smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system are collected, the normalization standard is determined, and the normalized values ​​of the three-level indicators are calculated; Calculate the secondary indicator score based on the normalized value of the tertiary indicator; Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the smart IoT terminal based on the secondary indicator scores; The effectiveness of the smart IoT terminal is determined based on its comprehensive evaluation score.

2. According to claim 1, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-electric power scenario knowledge is characterized in that: Based on the knowledge of multiple power scenarios, the original measurement values ​​of the three-level indicators of the smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system are collected. Specifically: for different power business scenarios, based on the smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system, a effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario is constructed, and the original measurement values ​​of the three-level indicators are collected based on the effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenario.

3. According to claim 2, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-electric power scenario knowledge is characterized in that: For different power business scenarios, based on the smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system, a effectiveness evaluation template for the corresponding power scenarios is constructed, including: Query the business demand database according to the target power business scenario to obtain the business demand information corresponding to the target power business scenario; Query the smart IoT terminal capability database to obtain the smart IoT terminal capability information, fit the smart IoT terminal capability information with the business demand information, and obtain a fitting solution; The fitting scheme is input into the effectiveness evaluation template generator, and an effectiveness evaluation template is output, wherein the effectiveness evaluation template includes the effectiveness evaluation index system of the smart IoT terminal and the capability information of the smart IoT terminal corresponding to the three-level indexes.

4. According to claim 3, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-electric power scenario knowledge is characterized in that: Before outputting the effectiveness evaluation template, the effectiveness evaluation template is subjected to dimensionality reduction processing, which specifically includes the following operations: Build machine learning sample data based on the effectiveness evaluation template; Send the machine learning sample data to the decision tree classification training model for iterative training until the classification accuracy of the indicators before and after optimization is consistent; Output the effectiveness evaluation template after dimensionality reduction.

5. According to claim 1, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-electric power scenario knowledge is characterized in that: The secondary indicator scores of the smart IoT terminal effectiveness evaluation index system are calculated based on the normalized values ​​of the three-level indicators, including the following operations: All third-level indicators are processed in the same trend; Calculate the eigenvalues ​​and eigenvectors of the indicator variable covariance matrix R; Construct an evaluation function. The expression of the evaluation function f is: f=a1F1+a2F2+a3F3+…+a m F m 。 In the above formula, F1, F2, ..., F m is the new principal component obtained by principal component analysis, a1, a2, …, a m is the weight corresponding to the new pivot; Substitute the normalized value of each third-level indicator into the evaluation function f to calculate the score of the second-level indicator corresponding to the corresponding third-level indicator.

6. According to claim 1, a method for evaluating the effectiveness of a smart IoT terminal based on multi-electric power scenario knowledge is characterized in that: The comprehensive evaluation score of the smart IoT terminal is calculated based on the secondary indicator scores. The following operations are included: The weights of primary and secondary indicators were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process; Based on the weights of the primary and secondary indicators, as well as the secondary indicator scores, the primary indicator scores are calculated using a hierarchical clustering algorithm; Calculate the comprehensive evaluation score of the smart IoT terminal based on the first-level indicator score.

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